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Xie YJ, Hao C, Tian L, Yan L, Liao X, Wang HH, Gao Y, Zhang D, Liu ZM, Cheng H, Ngai FW. Influence of Nurses' Perceptions of Government Policies and COVID-19 Risks on Their Mental Health Status: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024; 33:2130-2144. [PMID: 38886916 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to understand nurses' perceptions of COVID-19-related policies and risks during the outbreak of COVID-19 in Hong Kong and to determine how their perceptions influenced their mental health status. A web-based online survey among Hong Kong nurses was conducted. The questionnaire included a self-designed 5-point Likert scale with 17 items to assess the nurses' perceptions of COVID-19-related policies and risks, as well as the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD) for measurement of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), stress, depression and anxiety, respectively. Of 592 nurses enrolled, 30.6% had PTSD (DTS total score ≥40), and 80.4%, 19.9% and 16.4% had moderate-to-high levels of stress (PSS-10 score ≥14), depression (PHQ-2 score ≥3) and anxiety (GAD score ≥3), respectively. The top three concerned aspects were 'worried about themselves and friends to suffer this disease' (84.5%), 'insufficient number of isolation wards' (81.8%) and 'insufficient number of personal protective equipment' (74.3%). Logistic regression analyses showed that more negative perception on 'personal protective equipment in the healthcare institutions', 'the confidence in HK's control of COVID-19', 'worried about themselves and friends to suffer this disease' and 'self-perceived risk of infection' indicated higher severity of the four mental health problems (all p < 0.01). The perception on 'public gathering ban', 'the number of isolation wards' and 'expected time to control COVID-19' were significantly associated with PTSD and stress (all p < 0.05). Nurses' perception on government policies and COVID-19 risks played an important role in predicting their mental health status. Policy makers should be aware of nurses' psychological responses and provide timely and targeted emotional support to nurses amid and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jie Xie
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Hao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longben Tian
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Linjia Yan
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoli Liao
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Harry Haoxiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Usher Institute, Deanery of Molecular, Genetic & Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dexing Zhang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhao-Min Liu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huilin Cheng
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fei Wan Ngai
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Das K. COVID and cytopathology training: Impact and innovations. Diagn Cytopathol 2024; 52:413-423. [PMID: 38323803 DOI: 10.1002/dc.25280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Graduate medical education and training in Cytopathology faced numerous unexpected challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. It was caused by the SARS-Co-V2 coronavirus and transmitted by breathing droplets or aerosol particles containing the virus and less commonly by contact with infected surfaces and fomites. To mitigate the rapid spread of disease non-essential services were closed, surgical procedures were prioritized, and "social distancing" was implemented. These measures led to a marked decline in the volume of specimens, number of fine needle aspiration (FNA) and rapid on-site evaluation procedures performed. The trainees in Pathology were required to stay at home either entirely or partly during the early period of the pandemic. This led to re-designing of the cytopathology training program nationwide. Many innovative methods and protocols were put in place to overcome the challenges faced and adjustments made in creating the virtual training program in Cytopathology. On May 5th, 2023, the WHO declared that COVID-19 was no longer a global emergency. Regulations were lifted and healthcare services returned to pre-pandemic era. Graduate medical education and training returned to normal however many changes were incorporated into the training program moving forward. Herein the impacts and innovations that COVID-19 had on Cytopathology training are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Das
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
- Division of Cytopathology, Northwell Health Laboratories, Greenvale, New York, USA
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Liu H, Zhou N, Zhou Z, Tao X, Kong Y, Zhang M. Symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder and their relationship with the fear of COVID-19 and COVID-19 burden among health care workers after the full liberalization of COVID-19 prevention and control policy in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:902. [PMID: 38053075 PMCID: PMC10696867 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05399-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past three years, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought an overwhelming impact on China's hospital system and health care workers, which can lead to post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Previous research has shown that the COVID-19 pandemic had long-term adverse effects on the mental health of health care workers. Indeed, PTSD symptoms have emerged as one of the significant mental health issues for health care workers arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we conducted this cross-sectional survey to investigate the prevalence of PTSD symptoms in health care workers and its relationship with the fear of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 burden after the full liberalization of COVID-19 prevention and control policy in China. METHODS This study was conducted three years after the global COVID-19 pandemic (January 15 to January 16, 2023). This study was conducted via the Wenjuanxing platform and used the Chinese versions of the scales PC-PTSD-5, COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (FCV-19S), Social Support Scale, COVID-19 Stress Scale, GAD-2, and PHQ-2. RESULTS The prevalence of PTSD symptoms in health care workers was 24.3% (232/955). depression(P < 0.001), anxiety(P < 0.05), the fear of COVID-19(P < 0.001), and COVID-19 burden(P < 0.001) were highly correlated with PTSD symptoms in health care workers. Social support(P < 0.05) was a protective factor of PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This survey shows that PTSD symptoms were highly prevalent among Chinese health care workers after the COVID-19 pandemic. Governments and leaders of medical institutions should, through psychological interventions, address the current situation of PTSD symptoms among health care workers and develop targeted programs and strategies to reduce their psychological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Department of Hemodialysis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Ningying Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhou
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Xiubin Tao
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Yan Kong
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu, 241000, China.
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Li X, Jiang F, Qiu Y, Yu J, Zhu Y, Tang X, Chen H, Hu T, Zhao Y. Preisolation measures and clinical features for pediatric patients with suspicious COVID-19. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1225. [PMID: 37152219 PMCID: PMC10154797 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In December 2019, many cases of COVID-19 were reported in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. In the following 3 months, the disease out broke in China. Preisolation measures was used to screen out COVID-19 patients in the pediatric respiratory ward of our hospital. Aims To investigate the new measures for screening COVID-19 patients and to analyze the clinical features of children with suspicious COVID-19. Methods A total of 50 preisolated children with suspicious COVID-19 who were admitted to our hospital in Mianyang, China, between January 28 and March 5, 2020, were included. Patients presented with fever and cough or fever accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea. A detailed epidemiological history screening was performed. A real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect SARS-COV-2 nucleic acid. Low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) was applied when pneumonia was suspicious. Routine blood tests were performed to rule out COVID-19. Patients' data were collected, and the basic clinical features, epidemiological history, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination results, and outcomes were analyzed and summarized. Results No definite cases were detected, while two patients were suspected of having COVID-19. The pathogenic results of the 50 patients mainly included Mycoplasma pneumoniae, followed by Epstein-Barr virus, and rotavirus. Thirty-five patients suffered from bronchopneumonia. The preisolated patients had similar clinical and epidemiological characteristics as patients with fever, cough, vomiting, and diarrhea. Conclusions Preisolation measures combined with pathogen screening can minimize the risk of hospital-acquired infections by preventing patients with suspicious COVID-19 from contacting other patients before they are explicitly excluded. Clinical analysis of the patients was helpful for clinical nursing management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- Children's Medical Center, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMianyangChina
| | - Fengqiong Jiang
- Children's Medical Center, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMianyangChina
| | - Yun Qiu
- Children's Medical Center, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMianyangChina
| | - Jing Yu
- Children's Medical Center, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMianyangChina
| | - Yan Zhu
- Children's Medical Center, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMianyangChina
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- Children's Medical Center, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMianyangChina
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Children's Medical Center, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMianyangChina
| | - Tingting Hu
- Children's Medical Center, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMianyangChina
| | - Yinghan Zhao
- Children's Medical Center, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMianyangChina
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Khademi Z, Imani E. Frontline Nurses' Experiences of Patient Care in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Phenomenological Study. J Caring Sci 2023; 12:42-49. [PMID: 37124405 PMCID: PMC10131169 DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2023.30327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is now a major public health crisis in the world. Nurses as key members of professional are exposed the most challenges caused by COVID19. Knowledgeable nurses' experiences can provide appropriate solutions to increase the quality of care and improve the health of the society. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of nurses' caring for patients with COVID-19. Methods: 12 nurses participated in this phenomenological study. We performed purposeful sampling and in-depth face-to-face and semi-structured individual interviews for collecting data. Qualitative data, was analyzed by the 6-step Van Manen hermeneutic phenomenology. Results: After data analysis, the mean (SD) age of study participants was 32.25 (5.62) years and their mean work experience was 9.75 (5.39) years. From the analysis of data obtained from interviews with nurses working in COVID-19 wards, 1050 primary codes, 17 subthemes and 5 themes were extracted. Main themes include: sincere service, patient oppression, emotional instability, suspension and relaxation. Conclusion: Analysis of data in this study suggested that the nurses who care patients in COVID-19 pandemic, faced many professional and psychological challenges. Healthcare managers should plan for psychological support services for the nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khademi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Elham Imani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- *Corresponding Author: Elham Imani,
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Tengilimoglu-Metin MM, Gumus D. Are depression, resilience and fear of COVID-19 related to eating behavior and nutrition status of university students? Nutrition 2023; 106:111884. [PMID: 36493550 PMCID: PMC9616475 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was designed to examine eating behaviors and their association with fear and depression states concerning COVID-19 among students in Turkey. METHODS A total number of 499 students, 336 (67.3%) female and 163 (32.7%) male, participated in an online-based cross-sectional study. The survey collected data on the Dutch eating behavior questionnaire (DEBQ), along with measuring psychological effect by using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Brief Resilience Scale. In addition, 24-h dietary records were used to calculate the daily energy and macronutrient intakes in the study. RESULTS A negative correlation between brief resilience and fear of COVID-19 was found. Total and subdomain DEBQ scores were positively correlated with fear of COVID-19; conversely, there was a negative correlation with brief resilience (P < 0.05). More than half (58.9%) of students had depression, and students who had moderate and severe depression had higher total DEBQ and emotional eating scores. Students with severe depression had the highest levels of fear of COVID-19. Students having higher daily energy intake had greater fear concerning COVID-19, and the daily energy intake was negatively correlated with restrained and external eating. CONCLUSIONS During the pandemic, negative psychological effects resulted in unfavorable dietary behavioral consequences, depending on the increasing levels of stress.
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Sommovigo V, Bernuzzi C, Finstad GL, Setti I, Gabanelli P, Giorgi G, Fiabane E. How and When May Technostress Impact Workers' Psycho-Physical Health and Work-Family Interface? A Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1266. [PMID: 36674020 PMCID: PMC9859582 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although a growing body of research has analyzed the determinants and effects of technostress, it is still unclear how and when technostress would impact workers' psycho-physical health and work-family interface during the pandemic. To fill this gap, this study tests the mediating mechanisms and the boundary conditions associated with the impact of technostress on workers' psycho-physical well-being and work-family conflict. A total of 266 Italian workers completed online questionnaires measuring (traditional vs. remote) working modalities, technostress, fear of COVID-19, working excessively, psycho-physical distress, work-family conflict, loss of a loved one due to COVID-19, and resilience. Structural equation models were performed. Results indicated that technostress was positively related to psycho-physical distress and work-family conflict, as mediated by fear of COVID-19 and working excessively, respectively. The loss of a loved one exacerbated the effects of fear of COVID-19 on psycho-physical health, while resilience buffered the effects of working excessively on work-family conflict. Since numerous organizations intend to maintain remote working also after the COVID-19 emergency, it is crucial to study this phenomenon during its peaks of adoption, to prevent its potential negative outcomes. The implications of these findings for theory and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Sommovigo
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Bernuzzi
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, Unit of Applied Psychology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Setti
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, Unit of Applied Psychology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Gabanelli
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Psychology Unit of Pavia Institute, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Giorgi
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Fiabane
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Genova Nervi Institute, 16167 Genova, Italy
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Çıkrıkçı Ö, Çıkrıkçı N, Griffiths M. Fear of COVID-19, stress and depression: A meta-analytic test of the mediating role of anxiety. Psychol Psychother 2022; 95:853-874. [PMID: 35670451 PMCID: PMC9348301 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the lives of millions of individuals physiologically, behaviorally, socially, and/or psychologically. Moreover, there is now much empirical evidence that mental health problems have increased during the pandemic period and these problems have various consequences. The changes in the mood states of individuals due to the pandemic underpins the rationale of the present study. The aim of the study was to identify the cross-sectional associations between fear of COVID-19, stress, anxiety, and depression by using two stage-meta-analytic structural equation modeling (TS-MASEM). DESIGN This is a meta-analytic structural equation modelling study. METHOD A systematic literature review initially identified 4840 studies. As a result of applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 studies comprising 28 samples (reporting 120 effect sizes) were eligible for inclusion in the current TS-MASEM (N = 16,452). RESULTS The results showed significant associations between fear of COVID-19, stress, anxiety, and depression. Additionally, the mediation role of anxiety in the association between depression and fear of COVID-19 and stress was explored. CONCLUSIONS Although the results did not allow for causal inferences regarding depression, they provide insight into the possible consequences of fear of COVID-19 and comorbid problems for clinicians and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özkan Çıkrıkçı
- Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of EducationTokat Gaziosmanpaşa UniversityTokatTurkey
| | - Neslihan Çıkrıkçı
- Department of Child Education, Pazar Vocational School of Higher EducationTokat Gaziosmanpaşa UniversityTokatTurkey
| | - Mark Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology DepartmentNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK
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Sampaio F, Salgado R, Antonini M, Delmas P, Oulevey Bachmann A, Gilles I, Ortoleva Bucher C. Workplace Wellbeing and Quality of Life Perceived by Portuguese Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Protective Factors and Stressors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14231. [PMID: 36361111 PMCID: PMC9657238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses were exposed to many stressors, which may have been associated with some mental health problems. However, most of the studies carried out on nurses' quality of life and workplace wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic took a pathogenic approach. Given that current scientific knowledge in this field presented too many gaps to properly inform preventive and therapeutic action, the aim of this study was to explore whether protective factors (resilience, perceived social support, and professional identification) and stressors (perceived stress and psychosocial risks in the workplace) influenced the quality of life and workplace wellbeing perceived by Portuguese nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data for this cross-sectional study was collected through online self-administered questionnaires. Linear regression models were used to analyze the relationships between variables. Results showed that perceived stress, resilience and job satisfaction were associated with quality of life and workplace wellbeing among Portuguese nurses. The study's findings could serve to inform health policy and should draw the attention of nursing managers to the needs and difficulties reported by nurses, to the importance of providing them with emotional support, and to the relevance of promoting a good work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Sampaio
- Higher School of Health Fernando Pessoa, Rua Delfim Maia, 334, 4200-253 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE—Center for Health Technology and Services Research/Health Research Network from the Lab to the Community, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Salgado
- La Source School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Antonini
- La Source School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Delmas
- La Source School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Annie Oulevey Bachmann
- La Source School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ingrid Gilles
- Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Ortoleva Bucher
- La Source School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Yang T, Chen W, Lu Q, Sun J. Factor structure and measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale in depressive symptoms sample during COVID-19 closure: An exploratory structural equation modeling approach. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1026294. [PMID: 36267988 PMCID: PMC9577393 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1026294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 Phobia Scale is an instrument for measuring the phobia of coronavirus. It has a stable four-factor structure and good reliability and validity in other countries and regions. In order to expand related research, this study aims to test the reliability and validity of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale in Chinese adolescents with depressive symptoms. The C19P-SC was translated into Chinese by the method of forward and back translation and tested in 1933 Chinese adolescents with depressive symptoms. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) were used to test and compare the four-factor model of the C19P-SC. Then we tested the measurement invariance of the C19P-SC across gender and time. Finally, the reliability was measured with the McDonald's omega coefficients. Consistent with previous studies, the C19P-SC showed a stable four-factor structure. The results showed that ESEM was better than CFA and more reasonable. In addition, the results of multi-group ESEM showed that the C19P-SC met the strict invariance at male and female and partial longitudinal strict invariance. The Mcdonald's omega coefficients of the C19P-SC total scale and each subscale reached the expected acceptable level. In short, the reliability and validity index of C19P-SC has reached an acceptable level, and the measurement invariance of different genders and different time points was established, but the cross-factor phenomenon of individual items was abnormal, and a further revision and testing are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Big Data Research in Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Big Data Research in Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiaodan Lu
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Big Data Research in Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiaheng Sun
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Big Data Research in Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
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Gabra MA, Mohammed KAE, Hegazy MN, Hendi AE. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among nursing staff who provided direct care to COVID-19 patients: a cross-sectional study. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9441223 DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00233-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a major physical and psychological burden on nursing staff who provide patient care in difficult circumstances with persistent exposure to infected patients. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among nursing staff working during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with different work-related variables. It was designed as a cross-sectional comparative study in which 102 nurses on duty during the past 6 months were enrolled and divided into two groups. The first group included fifty-one COVID-dealing nurses who provided direct patient care to COVID-19 patients (emergency department, isolation zone, and intensive care unit (ICU)), while the second group included fifty-one non-COVID-dealing nurses on duty during the same period but in other hospital units and not providing direct care to COVID-19 patients (inpatient and outpatient wards). Sociodemographic data, work-related variables, PTSD symptom severity, and diagnosis were all assessed. Results The COVID-dealing nurses had significantly less frequent short breaks (P = 0.007), inadequate organizational support and compensation (P = 0.024), and inadequate time off work (P = 0.004) compared to non-COVID-dealing nursing staff. They were also significantly suffering from PTSD compared to second-line staff (P = 0.025). Conclusions COVID-dealing nurses providing direct care to COVID-19 patients suffered significantly from PTSD with a variety of contributing work-related variables.
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Yang J, Xiang L, Zheng S, Liang H. Learning Stress, Involvement, Academic Concerns, and Mental Health among University Students during a Pandemic: Influence of Fear and Moderation of Self-Efficacy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10151. [PMID: 36011786 PMCID: PMC9408668 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has had a profound impact on the mental health and well-being of students. An effective method that can enable students to cope with difficult times is to help them realize their inner potential. Following the stimulus-organism-response model, this study developed a theoretical framework that deepens our understanding of an environmental stimulus (fear of COVID-19) that is experienced by students; struggle within the organism (learning stress, learning involvement, and academic concerns); and the psychological response (psychological well-being). The findings clarified how the fear of COVID-19 affects the psychological well-being of university students and revealed the moderate role of academic self-efficacy in this process. Some systematic practical advice was provided to higher education institutions to develop effective interventions to protect the mental health of college students and establish strategies to promote their inner potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ling Xiang
- School of Shipping Economics and Trade, Guangzhou Maritime University, Guangzhou 510725, China
| | - Shaobang Zheng
- School of Journalism and Communication, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huijing Liang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Zhang Y, Pi DD, Liu CJ, Li J, Xu F. Psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic among healthcare workers in paediatric intensive care units in China. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265377. [PMID: 35622819 PMCID: PMC9140227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To perform a mental health evaluation and an early psychological intervention for healthcare workers (HCWs) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, an online survey was conducted among 3055 HCWs in the paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) of 62 hospitals in China on March 26, 2020, by the Neurology and Sedation Professional Group, Emergency Department, Paediatrics Branch, Chinese Medical Association. The questionnaire was divided into three parts, including general information, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The results show that a total of 970 HCWs (45.99%) were considered to meet the clinical cut-off scores for posttraumatic stress (PTS), and the proportions of participants with mild to extremely severe symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were 39.69%, 36.46% and 17.12%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the psychological impact among HCWs of different genders. Married HCWs were 1.48 times more likely to have PTS than unmarried HCWs (95% Cl: 1.20-1.82, p <0.001). Compared with junior professional title participants, the PTS-positive rate of HCWs with intermediate professional titles was 1.91 times higher (90% Cl: 1.35-2.70, p<0.01). Those who had been in contact with confirmed COVID-19 cases were 1.40 times (95% Cl: 1.02-1.92, p <0.05) more likely to have PTS than those who did not have contact with COVID-19 cases or did not know the relevant conditions. For depression, the proportion of HCWs with intermediate professional titles was significantly higher, at 1.65 times (90% Cl: 1.17-2.33, p <0.01) that of those with junior professional titles. The depression of HCWs at work during the epidemic was 1.56 times that of HCWs on vacation (95% Cl: 1.03-2.37, p <0.05), and their anxiety was 1.70 times greater (95% Cl: 1.10-2.63, p <0.05). Participants who had been in contact with confirmed COVID-19 cases had more pronounced anxiety, 1.40 times that of those who did not have contact with COVID-19 cases or did not know the relevant conditions (95% Cl: 1.02-1.92, p <0.05). There was no significant correlation between the variables and the positive results of stress symptoms. In total, 45.99%, 39.69%, 36.46% and 17.12% of PICU HCWs were affected by PTS, depression, anxiety and stress, respectively, to varying degree. Married status, intermediate professional titles and exposure history were independent risk factors for PTS. Intermediate professional titles and going to work during the epidemic were independent risk factors for depression, and going to work and exposure history during the epidemic were independent risk factors for anxiety. In the face of public health emergencies, HCWs not only specialize in paediatric intensive care but also, as a high-risk group, must actively take preventive measures and use mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China
| | - Dan-Dan Pi
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China
| | - Cheng-Jun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China
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Delanerolle G, Zeng Y, Shi JQ, Yeng X, Goodison W, Shetty A, Shetty S, Haque N, Elliot K, Ranaweera S, Ramakrishnan R, Raymont V, Rathod S, Phiri P. Mental health impact of the Middle East respiratory syndrome, SARS, and COVID-19: A comparative systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:739-765. [PMID: 35663292 PMCID: PMC9150040 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i5.739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last few decades, 3 pathogenic pandemics have impacted the global population; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2. The global disease burden has attributed to millions of deaths and morbidities, with the majority being attributed to SARS-CoV-2. As such, the evaluation of the mental health (MH) impact across healthcare professionals (HCPs), patients and the general public would be an important facet to evaluate to better understand short, medium and long-term exposures.
AIM To identify and report: (1) MH conditions commonly observed across all 3 pandemics; (2) Impact of MH outcomes across HCPs, patients and the general public associated with all 3 pandemics; and (3) The prevalence of the MH impact and clinical epidemiological significance.
METHODS A systematic methodology was developed and published on PROSPERO (CRD42021228697). The databases PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were used as part of the data extraction process, and publications from January 1, 1990 to August 1, 2021 were searched. MeSH terms and keywords used included Mood disorders, PTSD, Anxiety, Depression, Psychological stress, Psychosis, Bipolar, Mental Health, Unipolar, Self-harm, BAME, Psychiatry disorders and Psychological distress. The terms were expanded with a ‘snowballing’ method. Cox-regression and the Monte-Carlo simulation method was used in addition to I2 and Egger’s tests to determine heterogeneity and publication bias.
RESULTS In comparison to MERS and SARS-CoV, it is evident SAR-CoV-2 has an ongoing MH impact, with emphasis on depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder.
CONCLUSION It was evident MH studies during MERS and SARS-CoV was limited in comparison to SARS-CoV-2, with much emphasis on reporting symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress and sleep disturbances. The lack of comprehensive studies conducted during previous pandemics have introduced limitations to the “know-how” for clinicians and researchers to better support patients and deliver care with limited healthcare resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Delanerolle
- Nuffield Department of Primary Health Care Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6ED, United Kingdom
| | - Yutian Zeng
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Qing Shi
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China
- The Alan Turing Institute, London NW1 2DB, United Kingdom
| | - Xuzhi Yeng
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Will Goodison
- University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London NW1 2PG, United Kingdom
| | - Ashish Shetty
- University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London NW1 2PG, United Kingdom
- University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Suchith Shetty
- Department of Research and Innovation, Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO30 3JB, United Kingdom
| | - Nyla Haque
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6ED, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn Elliot
- Department of Research and Innovation, Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO30 3JB, United Kingdom
| | - Sandali Ranaweera
- Department of BioSystems Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10100, Sri Lanka
| | - Rema Ramakrishnan
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa Raymont
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6ED, United Kingdom
| | - Shanaya Rathod
- Department of Research and Innovation, Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO30 3JB, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Phiri
- Department of Research and Innovation, Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO30 3JB, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Psychology Department, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1PS, United Kingdom
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Mokhtari R, Yaghoobzadeh A, Abdi K, Sajadi M, Jaras M, Golitaleb M. The Experiences of Nurses in Care Provision to COVID-19 Patients: A Qualitative Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:766880. [PMID: 35570892 PMCID: PMC9099096 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.766880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionNurses are key fighters in the forefront of care provision to COVID-19 patients. Due to the diversity of nurses' experiences in different countries because of variable nursing resources, health care systems, and cultural contexts, the present study aimed to divulge a deep understanding of the essence of health system problems based on nurses' experiences of care provision to COVID-19 patients in Iran.MethodsThe present study was conducted based on the conventional content analysis method and Graneheim & Lundman approach. The participants included the nurses working in the COVID-19 wards and were recruited by purposeful sampling and based on inclusion criteria. The data were collected by conducting semi-structured, one-to-one interviews, and taking field notes, until reaching data saturation.ResultsIn-depth interviews with 12 nurses. represented four main categories and six subcategories. Sudden exposure to an unknown threat (nurses' feelings and concerns and nurses' reactions), being involved in an unequal war (a vicious virus and weary nurses), stressful working conditions, and efforts to confine the threat (seeking for new and adequate information and gathering all forces) were among the emerged data.ConclusionThe nurses' experiences showed that despite passing a while since the coronavirus pandemic, there are still individual and professional concerns that all root in organizational and governmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Mokhtari
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ameneh Yaghoobzadeh
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Kamel Abdi
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulimaniya, Iraq
| | - Mahbobeh Sajadi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mitra Jaras
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Department of Nursing, Shazand School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mohamad Golitaleb
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohamad Golitaleb ;
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ÜNAL L, TUYDES-YAMAN H, ÖZDEK N, SANDIRAZ C. Early Responses of Intercity Travelers to The Threat of COVID-19: The Case of Turkey. GAZI UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.35378/gujs.1015878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic created a “New Normal (NN)” concept including a new paradigm aspect of health concerns for travel and mode choices. Analyzing changes in intercity mobility characteristics during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey based on online survey conducted by the General Directorate of Turkish Highways, 1012 participants were investigated revealing their intercity travel decisions and modes before, during early restriction and “new normal” periods. Results showed the stronger modal shifts to private modes and increased inequality among females and elderly. Travelers stated to return back to their original modes after pandemic, more likely in the air travel than bus or rail.
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Kranenburg LW, de Veer MR, Oude Hengel KM, Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij TA, de Pagter AP, Hoogendijk WJ, Busschbach JJ, van Mol MM. Need for support among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study at an academic hospital in the Netherlands. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059124. [PMID: 35210349 PMCID: PMC8882635 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the current study is to gain insight into the factors that benefit vitality and resilience of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, to develop and direct specific support strategies. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This study applies a qualitative design, consisting of six focus groups and five interviews among 38 frontline healthcare workers in a large Dutch academic hospital. Included were professionals of the intensive care unit, COVID-19 departments, infection prevention units and facility management services. The study was conducted in October and November 2020, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. DATA ANALYSIS Thematic analysis was applied to focus group and interview data to gain insight into the factors that contribute to maintaining vitality and resilience, and to assess specific support needs. RESULTS Data analysis of the focus groups and individual interviews resulted in a thematic map of the factors that contribute to maintaining resilience and vitality. The map stretches over two axes: one ranging from a healthy basis to adequate professional functioning and the other from individual to organisation, resulting in four quadrants: recharge and recover (healthy basis, individual), safety and connectedness at work (healthy basis, organisational), collaboration (professional functioning, organisational) and professional identity (professional functioning, individual). CONCLUSION Areas for organisational support strategies to increase vitality and resilience among healthcare professionals are: consistent communication, realistic job performance expectations, monitor and improve mental resilience, showing appreciation and act upon practical support requests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonieke W Kranenburg
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs R de Veer
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Karen M Oude Hengel
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
- Department of Work, Health and Technology, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anne Pj de Pagter
- Challenge and Support Programme, Erasmus MC Sophia Children Hospital, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Witte Jg Hoogendijk
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Jv Busschbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Margo Mc van Mol
- Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
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18
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Marceau M, Ledoux I, Lavoie S, Benyamina Douma N, Mailhot-Bisson D, Gosselin É. Exploration of the occupational and personal dimensions impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic for nurses: A qualitative analysis of survey responses. J Adv Nurs 2022; 78:2150-2164. [PMID: 35133027 PMCID: PMC9111505 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aim To explore the occupational and personal life dimensions that have been impacted by the COVID‐19 pandemic for registered nurses (RN) and licensed practical nurses (LPN). Design Qualitative interpretive description approach. Methods Between July and September 2020, a web‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted among RNs and LPNs in Quebec, Canada. Included in this survey was an open‐ended question allowing nurses to describe the occupational and personal life dimensions that were impacted by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the qualitative data from this open‐ended question. Reporting followed the Standards For Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR). Results Of the 1860 survey respondents, 774 RNs and 43 LPNs responded to the open‐ended question (total n = 819). For the occupational dimension, six themes were identified: impacts of infection control on work, change in daily work tasks, offloading and reorganization of care, deterioration of working conditions, increased stress at work and issues related to the profession. For the personal dimension, four themes were found: impacts on the family, dealing with changes about leisure and personal life, impacts on physical and psychological health. Conclusion Knowing the dimensions affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic could help to identifying appropriate interventions to support RNs and LPNs. Impact The COVID‐19 pandemic has significantly impacted the occupational and personal lives RNs and LPNs working in the Quebec healthcare system. More specifically, Quebec's nurses experienced a major reorganization of care generated by important government decisions. Knowing how the pandemic affected different life dimensions will help in the development of support adapted to nurses' realities. Even in a pandemic context, improvements in the work environment or appropriate support could lead to an improved psychological health for nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Marceau
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Ledoux
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Stéphan Lavoie
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Nabiha Benyamina Douma
- Health Sciences Department, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, Canada
| | - Didier Mailhot-Bisson
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Émilie Gosselin
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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Kuru Alici N, Ozturk Copur E. Anxiety and fear of COVID-19 among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive correlation study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:141-148. [PMID: 34018195 PMCID: PMC8242853 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess current situations regarding anxiety and fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) level among nursing students. DESIGN AND METHODS A descriptive correlation design was adopted. The sample consisted of 234 nursing students. Data were collected using sociodemographic form, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Fear of COVID-19 scale. FINDINGS The mean BAI score of the students was 26.56 ± 8.86 and Fear of COVID-19 total score was 18.95 ± 7.00. A positive correlation between total scores of the BAI and Fear of COVID-19. The results of this study reveal that anxiety and fear of COVID-19 levels were high among nursing students. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS These findings have underlined there is an urgent need for interventions to reduce anxiety and fear of COVID-19 among nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilgun Kuru Alici
- Department of Public Health NursingHacettepe University Faculty of NursingAnkaraTurkey
| | - Ebru Ozturk Copur
- Department of Nursing, Yusuf Şerefoğlu Health Sciences FacultyKilis 7 Aralık UniversityKilisTurkey
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Alzahrani NS, Almarwani AM, Asiri SA, Alharbi HF, Alhowaymel FM. Factors influencing hospital anxiety and depression among emergency department nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-center cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:912157. [PMID: 35990067 PMCID: PMC9387387 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.912157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The emergency department (ED) is a highly stressful environment, which exposes nurses to infection. ED nurses handle life-threatening conditions, endure long working hours, and deal with anxious patients and their families. AIM This study aimed to examine factors, which may influence anxiety and depression levels among ED nurses during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional design was used with 251 participants from six hospitals in Saudi Arabia (mean age = 32.7 ± 6.59, range = 21-54 years, 70.5% females). Data were collected using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling (SEM). RESULTS Based on the HADS scores, 29.1 and 25.5% of ED nurses were identified as doubtful cases for depression and anxiety, respectively. Additionally, 34.7 and 43.3% of ED nurses were identified as definite cases for depression and anxiety, respectively. Higher anxiety levels were observed among female nurses, nurses with lower physical activity levels, and nurses who worked in urban areas. Low physical activity levels and more than 6 years of work experience correlated with a higher level of depression. None of the hypothesized paths in the anxiety and depression models were significant, except for two observed variables-namely, work location and physical exercise in the anxiety model and physical exercise in the depression model. CONCLUSION Emergency department nurses expressed high levels of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may negatively affect their performance and reduce care quality. Therefore, health care leaders should implement specialized mental health education programs focused on nursing occupational safety and support to improve ED nurses' psychological well-being. Specific attention should be paid to ED female nurses who work in urban areas, especially those with more than 6 years of experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif S Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saeed A Asiri
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan F Alharbi
- Department of Maternity and Child Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Kishor M, Solanki A, Solunke H, Sathyanarayana Rao TS. Perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on postgraduate residents. ANNALS OF INDIAN PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/aip.aip_47_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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22
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Bapolisi A, Maurage P, Rubambura RB, Tumaini HM, Baguma M, Cikomola C, Maheshe G, Bisimwa G, Petit G, de Timary P. Psychopathological states among Congolese health workers during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic: links with emotion regulation and social support. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2101346. [PMID: 35936869 PMCID: PMC9351560 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2022.2101346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented stressor for frontline healthcare workers, notably increasing acute stress disorder and depression rates. Emotion regulation and social support could be major protective factors against such psychopathological states, but their role has not been explored outside Western contexts. Objective: To assess the association between emotion regulation, social support, acute stress disorder, and depression among healthcare workers directly confronted with the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Method: A cross-sectional study assessed acute stress disorder, depression, adaptive (i.e. acceptance, positive refocusing, …) and maladaptive (i.e. self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing, …) emotion regulation strategies, social support (instrumental, emotional, and informational levels), as well as self-reported situations and feelings related to COVID-19, in a population of 252 frontline healthcare workers (121 women; 131 men; mean age: 39 ± 11 years old) at the Referral General Hospital of Bukavu. We also explored the relations between these variables through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Forty percent of participants presented symptoms of depression, and 16% presented acute stress disorder. In bivariate logistic regression, these psychiatric outcomes were associated with the availability of a COVID-19 protection kit [OR = 0.24 (0.12-0.98)], hostility toward health workers [OR = 3.21 (1.23-4.21)], putting into perspective [OR = 0.91 (0.43-0.98)], self-blame [OR = 1.44 (1.11-2.39)], catastrophizing [OR = 1.85 (1.01-4.28)], blaming others [OR = 1.77 (1.04-3.32)], emotional support [OR = 0.83 (0.49-0.98)], instrumental support [OR = 0.74 (0.28-0.94)], and informational support [OR = 0.73 (0.43-0.98)]. In multivariate logistic regression, hostility [OR = 2.21 (1.54-3.78)], self-blame [OR = 1.57 (1.02-2.11)], rumination [OR = 1.49 (1.11-3.13)] and emotional support [OR = 0.94 (0.65-0.98)] remained significantly associated with psychiatric outcomes. Conclusion: Depression and acute stress disorder were highly prevalent among Congolese healthcare workers during the first wave of the COVID-19 health pandemic. Hostility, self-blame, rumination, and social support were associated with depression and/or acute stress disorder and should be targeted by interventions aiming to support health workers' wellbeing. HIGHLIGHTS Frontline health workers presented high prevalence of acute stress disorder (16%) and depression (40%) during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, as they were working in hostile environment without enough protection kits.Acute stress disorder and depression were negatively associated with adaptive emotion regulation and social support; and positively with maladaptive emotion regulation.Intervention aiming to support health workers in pandemics should target emotion regulation and social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Bapolisi
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Adult Psychiatry, Department and Institute of Neuroscience, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Rebecca Bora Rubambura
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Hubert Mukunda Tumaini
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Marius Baguma
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Center for Tropical Diseases and Global Health (CTDGH), Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Cirhuza Cikomola
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ghislain Maheshe
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ghislain Bisimwa
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Ecole régionale de santé publique, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Géraldine Petit
- Adult Psychiatry, Department and Institute of Neuroscience, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Adult Psychiatry, Department and Institute of Neuroscience, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Latif F, Ahmed SR, Farhan S, Watt F, Azeem MW. Predictors of Psychological Distress in Health Care Staff in Qatar during COVID-19 Pandemic. Pak J Med Sci 2021; 37:1782-1787. [PMID: 34912395 PMCID: PMC8613030 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.37.7.4533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Objective The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused widespread psychological distress. The aims of the study were a) to assess mental health symptoms experienced by expatriate hospital staff and b) to determine the impact of staff wellbeing interventions specific to pandemic related stress. Methods The study was conducted from June 2020 until August 2020. A 16-question survey was disseminated online via Survey Monkey to assess the mental health needs of hospital staff during the pandemic. Based on results, a virtual, tiered mental health support model was developed, and staff feedback was collected. Results Almost 46.2% of respondents (N: 1001) reported at least one mental health symptom in the initial survey. The most common symptoms were anxiety, low mood and feelings of isolation. Being single and in poor health status were predictors of developing mental health symptoms (P <0.01). Female gender was a predictor for experiencing fear of getting infected. Time constraints at work was the most common reason for not accessing mental health support. Conclusions As in other parts of the world, hospital staff in Qatar experienced mental health symptoms and significant fear related to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Being single and in poor health status were risk factors. Mental health interventions at work must take into account time constraints experienced by staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finza Latif
- Finza Latif, MD, DFAACAP. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Sidra Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sawssan R Ahmed
- Sawssan R. Ahmed, PhD. Clinical Psychologist, Department of Psychiatry, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sumera Farhan
- Sumera Farhan, MBA. Occupational Health Specialist, Department of Occupational Health, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Felice Watt
- Felice Watt, MBBS. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Sidra Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Waqar Azeem
- Muhammad Waqar Azeem, MD, DFAACAP, DFAPA. Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Sidra Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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24
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Jin M, Zhang X, He H, Zeng L, Yuan Z, Xie W, Tang P, Wang J. Psychological Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth Among the General Population in Wuhan, China During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2021; 60:39-46. [PMID: 34846228 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20211118-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate psychological symptoms and post-traumatic growth (PTG) among the general population in Wuhan, China during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. An online survey was conducted using convenience sampling. Participants were invited to fill out this questionnaire, which included information on sociodemographic characteristics and other survey objectives. The Psychological Questionnaire for Emergent Events of Public Health (PQEEPH) and the Chinese version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) were used. The prevalence of depression, neurasthenia, fear, obsessive-anxiety, and hypochondriasis among 311 participants were 61.1%, 69.8%, 97.8%, 57.2%, and 45%, respectively. Results indicated that a substantial proportion of the general population may have experienced psychological symptoms as well as PTG, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings demonstrate the importance of developing targeted psychological interventions for those at risk for mental health symptoms. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(xx), xx-xx.].
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25
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Ullah I, Tahir MJ, Ali S, Waseem R, Griffiths MD, Mamun MA, Lin CY, Pakpour AH. COVID-19 Fear Among Pakistanis: Psychometric Evaluation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale Using Item Response Theory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021; 21:1240-1255. [PMID: 34867122 PMCID: PMC8628831 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00656-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) assesses the fear of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and has been translated and validated into over 20 languages. The present study conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory (IRT) analyses on the FCV-19S among a sample of 937 Pakistani adults (mean [SD] age of 25.83 [11.80] years; 537 [57.3%] females). The CFA and IRT confirmed the unidimensionality of the FCV-19S. The Likert-type scale used in the FCV-19S was supported by the proper threshold orderings. Additionally, no DIF contrast had an absolute value larger than 0.5 regarding the participants' characteristics of gender, age, living status, and education in the IRT findings. The FCV-19S was found to be valid and reliable with strong psychometric properties among the Pakistani adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ullah
- Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Rabia Waseem
- Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mohammed A. Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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26
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Moussa ML, Moussa FL, Alharbi HA, Omer T, Khallaf SA, Al Harbi HS, Albarqi AA. Fear of Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Assessment. Front Psychol 2021; 12:736103. [PMID: 34721205 PMCID: PMC8551625 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.736103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to assess the level of fear among nurses in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted from June to August 2020. All nurses currently working in public and private hospitals in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic were invited to complete an online survey. We used the 7-item unidimensional Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) to assess the level of fear of COVID-19. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify predictors associated with fear of COVID-19. Results: A total of 969 nurses participated in this study. The participants were relatively young with a mean age of 35.5 ± 10.46 years. About two-thirds of the participants were women (65.9%), married (57.2%), and were non-Saudi nationals (67%). The total mean score for the FCV-19S was 19.7 SD 7.03 (range 7–35), which is near the mid-point, indicating a moderate level of fear of COVID-19. Out of the eight variables measured in the analysis, three variables emerged as a significant predictor (i.e., gender, marital status, and age). A higher level of fear (FCV-19S) was associated with being a woman, married, and older age (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the level of fear of COVID-19 among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Overall, nurses in Saudi reported moderate levels of fear of COVID-19. Assessing the level of fear of nurses who work during the COVID-19 pandemic should be a priority to health care administrators to prevent mental health difficulties or psychological injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tagwa Omer
- College of Nursing, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hamad Samran Al Harbi
- Nursing Administration Hemodialysis Center Hankyah General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Resilience, well-being, and organizational outcomes of Croatian, Thai, and US workers during COVID-19. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2021. [PMCID: PMC8593378 DOI: 10.1017/jmo.2021.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AbstractDrawing on social cognitive theory (SCT), this study examines the effects of employee resilience, through well-being, on job productivity, and relational satisfaction among extraverted versus introverted workers in Croatia, Thailand, and the United States during the early period of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Participants included 832 working adults from various industries. Moderated mediation analyses revealed employee resilience positively predicted psychological well-being which, in turn, positively predicted both productivity and relational satisfaction. Regardless of culture, extraverted workers reported less productivity but greater satisfaction with coworkers compared to introverted workers. Also, resilience dampened the negative effects of introversion on relational satisfaction. The findings support the multilevel perspective of resilience and SCT assertion that behavioral outcomes are determined by an interaction between personal and environmental factors and highlight the need to promote employee resilience and well-being during times of crisis. Recommendations on how managers can support employees during this unprecedented global health crisis are provided.
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28
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van Mol M, de Veer M, de Pagter A, Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij TA, Hoogendijk WJG, Busschbach JJV, Oude Hengel K, Kranenburg L. Vitality, resilience and the need for support among hospital employees during the COVID-19 pandemic: study protocol of a mixed-methods study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e049090. [PMID: 34625413 PMCID: PMC8503920 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the physical and mental functioning of healthcare professionals, especially those working on the 'frontline', and other hospital workers. At the onset of the crisis, various interventions were introduced to promote resilience and offer mental support to these professionals. However, it is unknown whether the interventions will meet the needs of professionals as the COVID-19 pandemic continues.The goal of this exploratory study is to gain insight in factors that protect the vitality and resilience of Dutch hospital employees during the so-called 'second wave' of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper describes the study protocol. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This exploratory study applies a mixed-methods design, using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. The first part of the study (substudy I) consists of surveys among doctors and nurses in COVID-19 departments and non-COVID-19 departments, and other professionals in the hospital (ie, managers and homeworkers) in 2020 and 2021. The second part of the study (substudy II) consists of focus groups and interviews among professionals of the intensive care unit, COVID-19 departments and infection prevention units. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The research protocol for this study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee (MEC-2020-0705). The outcomes of this study will be used to develop and implement interventions to support hospital employees maintaining their vitality and resilience during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Employees with vitality experience less work-related stress and make a positive contribution to healthcare quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo van Mol
- Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs de Veer
- Department of Psychiatry, Section Medical Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne de Pagter
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jan J van Busschbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Section Medical Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Oude Hengel
- Netherlands Organization for Applied Scrientific Research TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Leonieke Kranenburg
- Department of Psychiatry, Section Medical Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Özçevik Subaşi D, Akça Sümengen A, Şimşek E, Ocakçı AF. Healthcare workers' anxieties and coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1820-1828. [PMID: 33650693 PMCID: PMC8013878 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the anxiety levels of healthcare workers and the coping strategies they used for stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN AND METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in April 2020 in Turkey with 444 healthcare workers via three online questionnaires: A participant information form, the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. FINDINGS: Healthcare workers might be considered to experience more anxiety during the pandemic than shown in the studies conducted before the pandemic. Significant differences in SAI score were found in terms of age, gender, and education status. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Age, gender, and some variables related to the pandemic affected the anxiety levels and coping strategies of healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Özçevik Subaşi
- PhD student in Nursing, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aylin Akça Sümengen
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Enes Şimşek
- Master's student in Nursing, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Ferda Ocakçı
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Haghgoshayie E, Faridaalaee G, Hasanpoor E. Nurses have a heightened sense of duty and dedication to patient care during pandemics and epidemics. Evid Based Nurs 2021; 24:140. [PMID: 33106245 DOI: 10.1136/ebnurs-2020-103316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Haghgoshayie
- Department of Healthcare Management, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Faridaalaee
- Department of Healthcare Management, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
- Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Edris Hasanpoor
- Department of Healthcare Management, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
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Baraka AAE, Ramadan FH, Hassan EA. Predictors of critical care nurses' stress, anxiety, and depression in response to COVID-19 pandemic. Nurs Crit Care 2021; 28:177-183. [PMID: 34463007 PMCID: PMC8662302 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic directly affects the psychological well-being of critical care nurses. Several studies had investigated the psychological impact of the pandemic on nurses caring for patients with COVID-19, but few were conducted to identify the predictors of this impact. AIMS The objective of this study is to identify the predictors of critical care nurses' stress, anxiety, and depression in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey was conducted in five intensive care units in five hospitals in Alexandria, Egypt. METHODS An online questionnaire was distributed. It included socio-demographic and work-related data and the depression, anxiety, and stress scale scores of the nurses under study. A multiple linear regression model was developed to identify the predictors of critical care nurses' stress, anxiety, and depression in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS Two hundred (64%) of 308 nurses completed the electronic questionnaire. Significant predictors of stress included the number of infected colleagues (P < .001) and availability of hospital resources (P = .01). Significant predictors of anxiety were age, gender, satisfactory income (P < .001), years of experience, time spent caring for patients with COVID-19 (P = .04), continuous training, number of infected colleagues (P = .01), and availability of hospital resources (P = .02). Finally, significant predictors of depression included gender, history of physical problems (P = .04), educational attainment, availability of hospital resources, history of psychological problems (P < .001), and number of infected colleagues (P = .001). CONCLUSION The hospital's lack of human and physical resources and the number of colleagues infected with COVID-19 were the strongest predictors of stress, anxiety, and depression among nurses. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Identifying the predictors of stress, anxiety, and depression among nurses who care for patients with COVID-19 is a vital step in developing mental health promotion strategies to support nurses during this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Abd Elrazek Baraka
- Critical Care and Emergency Nursing Department, Faculty of NursingAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Fatma Hussein Ramadan
- Psychiatric Nursing and mental health Department, Faculty of NursingAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Eman Arafa Hassan
- Critical Care and Emergency Nursing Department, Faculty of NursingAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
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Alsolami F. Working experiences of nurses during the novel coronavirus outbreak: A qualitative study explaining challenges of clinical nursing practice. Nurs Open 2021; 9:2761-2770. [PMID: 34273252 PMCID: PMC8441724 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore the clinical working experiences of Saudi nurses during the novel Coronavirus outbreak, identify the challenges and determine how these challenges affect their nursing practice. Background From the current experience of working during the novel Coronavirus outbreak, it is statistically significant to identify the challenges that nurses in Saudi Arabia face in their clinical practice and determine how these challenges affected their practice. Designs A qualitative descriptive study. Methods An in‐depth interview with eight Registered Nurses in Saudi Arabia who worked in areas where the novel Coronavirus patients are treated were conducted between 10 and 23 April. Results The following eight major themes were identified from this study: physical exhaustion, fear of infection, providing care with uncertainty, uncomfortable use of personal protective equipment, missed nursing care, prolonged procedures, lack of guidance during the outbreak and lack of managerial support. Conclusion The results suggest that nurses’ leaders should take active roles in empowering nursing staff. The absence of direct monitoring for nursing performance during their practice compromises patient safety and jeopardises the quality of care through missed nursing care. This study also revealed that nurses who worked during the outbreak need psychological support that can enhance their emotional resilience.
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Howell BAM. Battling Burnout at the Frontlines of Health Care Amid COVID-19. AACN Adv Crit Care 2021; 32:195-203. [PMID: 33882576 DOI: 10.4037/aacnacc2021454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Nursing is a physically and emotionally demanding profession. Grueling job roles and challenging work environments, specifically in acute or critical care settings, place health care professionals at risk of burnout. Burnout in health care professionals results from a chronic negative work experience, leading to job dissatisfaction and, ultimately, poor patient outcomes. Symptoms and prevalence of burnout can be alleviated by implementing individual-focused strategies and minor modifications in work environments, job demands, and responsibilities. Currently, risk for burnout is increasing as COVID-19 challenges health care systems in which advanced practice nurses and other health care professionals struggle continuously to deliver high-quality patient care. In this article, the circumstances surrounding COVID-19 are considered and an overview is provided of burnout phenomenon, its causal factors, and its consequences. With consideration of current evidence in literature, I discuss some suggested strategies to improve resilience and facilitate well-being among health care professionals at individual and organizational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Ann M Howell
- Beverly Ann M. Howell is a Lieutenant, Nurse Corps, US Navy, Naval Medical Leader and Professional Development Command, PSC 482, Box 170, FPO, AP 96362
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Islam MR, Sultana MS, Khan AH, Hossain S, Sikder MT, Hasan MT, Li Z. Fear and depressive symptoms amid COVID-19: A cross-sectional pilot study among adult population in Bangladesh. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07395. [PMID: 34189288 PMCID: PMC8225288 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear is a primary emotional reaction to the deadly coronavirus disease which might be an associated factor for developing depressive symptoms. This study aimed to assess the level and associated factors of fear and depression amid the COVID-19 pandemic among the adult population of Bangladesh. METHODS After providing informed consent, 1050 participants completed the cross-sectional online survey tool. Depressive symptoms and fear were assessed through the PHQ-9 and validated fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S), respectively. Linear regression analysis was performed to predict potential factors of fear and depression. RESULTS The study finds that females had higher scores for fear of COVID-19 scale (β1' = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.47) and Patient Health Questionnaire (β2' = 1.92; 95% CI: 0.95 to 2.88) than their male counterpart. Respondents considering the virus to be extremely dangerous had higher scores for FCV-19S (β1' = 1.55; 95% CI: 0.66 to 2.44) and PHQ-9 (β2 = 1.59; 95% CI: 0.25 to 2.92). Similarly, respondents considering themselves unsafe and very worried about the virus had increased scores for both FCV-19S and PHQ-9. On other hand, people those were reluctant to use masks (β1' = -1.58; 95% CI: -3.12 to -0.04) or seek doctors' advice (β1' = -0.93; 95% CI: -1.83 to -0.02) if COVID-19 symptoms appear, had comparatively lower scores for FCV-19S. CONCLUSIONS Fear of COVID-19 and depression were found to be associated with some specific knowledge, attitude & preparedness towards COVID-19 which should be adequately addressed in public health strategies to prevent the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Raisul Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Sadia Sultana
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abid Hasan Khan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sahadat Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M. Tasdik Hasan
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Public Health Foundation, Bangladesh
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Yaunin Y, Liza RG, Yenny SW, Julia DS. The Mental Health Impact of the Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic on Resident Doctors at M. Jamil Hospital Padang, Indonesia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The first case of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China at the end of December 2019 and soon spread to all corners of the world in early 2020. As the number of case increases, healthcare workers who come into contact with COVID-19 patients are to provide care under unprecedented physical and psychological pressure. Several studies have shown that such gravity lead healthcare workers to experience depression, anxiety and stress disorders.
METHODS: Data collection was carried out on July 13–July 31, 2020, when participants – resident doctors at the Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Indonesia – could download and complete the online questionnaire uploaded on the Google form application. It reveals demographic characteristics and assessing the level of depression, anxiety and stress using the “Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-42.”
RESULTS: Out of 494 residents in total who are in training and based in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang, Indonesia, 448 residents (90.7%) agreed to participate in this research. In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, majority of the residents – 355 people (79.2%) from 12 branches of specialization – were assigned to man the emergency unit. The analysis of the collected data shows that 57 residents suffer from mild-moderate depression (12.7%) and 19 residents (4.2%) struggle with severe-very severe depression. The other 58 residents (12.9%) experience mild-moderate anxiety while 12 residents (2.7%) labor under severe-very severe anxiety. Mild-moderate stress affects 89 residents (19.9%) and severe-very severe stress impact 20 residents (4.5%).
CONCLUSION: This study finds that residents experience mild-moderate depression, anxiety and stress as well as severe-very severe due to working in a pandemic situation.
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Chigwedere OC, Sadath A, Kabir Z, Arensman E. The Impact of Epidemics and Pandemics on the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6695. [PMID: 34206264 PMCID: PMC8296866 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that healthcare workers (HCWs) experience significant psychological distress during an epidemic or pandemic. Considering the increase in emerging infectious diseases and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it is timely to review and synthesize the available evidence on the psychological impact of disease outbreaks on HCWs. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to examine the impact of epidemics and pandemics on the mental health of HCWs. METHOD PubMed, PsycInfo, and PsycArticles databases were systematically searched from inception to June-end 2020 for studies reporting the impact of a pandemic/epidemic on the mental health of HCWs. RESULTS Seventy-six studies were included in this review. Of these, 34 (45%) focused on SARS, 28 (37%) on COVID-19, seven (9%) on MERS, four (5%) on Ebola, two (3%) on H1N1, and one (1%) on H7N9. Most studies were cross-sectional (93%) and were conducted in a hospital setting (95%). Common mental health symptoms identified by this review were acute stress disorder, depression, anxiety, insomnia, burnout, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The associated risk factors were working in high-risk environments (frontline), being female, being a nurse, lack of adequate personal protective equipment, longer shifts, lack of knowledge of the virus, inadequate training, less years of experience in healthcare, lack of social support, and a history of quarantine. CONCLUSION HCWs working in the frontline during epidemics and pandemics experience a wide range of mental health symptoms. It is imperative that adequate psychological support be provided to HCWs during and after these extraordinary distressful events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anvar Sadath
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland; (A.S.); (Z.K.); (E.A.)
- National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Zubair Kabir
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland; (A.S.); (Z.K.); (E.A.)
| | - Ella Arensman
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland; (A.S.); (Z.K.); (E.A.)
- National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
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Al-Shannaq Y, Mohammad AA, Khader Y. Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) Among Jordanian Adults. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021; 20:3205-3218. [PMID: 34177393 PMCID: PMC8212791 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00574-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to assess the impacts of the Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) outbreak on mental health among the general population such as the Fear of COVID-19. The current study aimed to provide further validation of the Arabic version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) for use among Jordanian adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymous online survey between 1 and 12 May 2020. The forward-backward translation method was adopted to translate the FCV-19S into Arabic. The study sample included 725 Jordanian adults. The internal consistency (Cronbach's α) was 0.91 indicating excellent internal consistency. As for convergent validity, a significant positive correlation was found between the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and the three subscales of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), with the highest correlation being between the FCV-19S and the anxiety subscale (r = 0.54, p < .05), followed by the stress subscale (r = 0.51, p < .05), and lastly, the depression subscale (r = 0.46, p < .05). Construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and item response theory (IRT). The unidimensional factor structure of the FCV-19S was confirmed on the study sample. The Arabic version of the FCV-19S is a reliable and valid instrument with good psychometric properties. The use of this scale for assessing the severity of fear related to the COVID-19 pandemic among Arabic-speaking populations is recommended. The findings may guide future COVID-19-related research and further validation testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Al-Shannaq
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Anas A. Mohammad
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Bharatharaj J, Alyami M, Henning MA, Alyami H, Krägeloh CU. Tamil Version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021; 20:2448-2459. [PMID: 34155437 PMCID: PMC8208065 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohsen Alyami
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marcus A. Henning
- Centre of Medical and Health Sciences Education, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hussain Alyami
- College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christian U. Krägeloh
- PAIR Lab, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Alhurishi SA, Almutairi KM, Vinluan JM, Aboshaiqah AE, Marie MA. Mental Health Outcomes of Healthcare Providers During COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Public Health 2021; 9:625523. [PMID: 34123984 PMCID: PMC8193120 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.625523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In this descriptive cross-sectional study we aimed, to assess the level of depression, anxiety, insomnia and distress symptoms experienced by healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Methods: All healthcare providers currently working in different hospitals were invited to participate in this study. Data gathering started in March 2020 to May 2020. The participants answered a five-part questionnaire which includes demographic data, a 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, a 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder, a 7-item Insomnia Severity Index, and a 22-item Impact of Event Scale-Revised, which assess the level of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress. Results: Out of 200 healthcare providers, 40% were males. 52% were aged 31-40 years old, 61% were married. The majority of the participants were Saudi nationals (84%), 74% were nurses, 11% were physicians and 15% were other healthcare providers. More than half of the participants worked as front-liners (57%). Overall, 73, 69, 62, and 83% of all healthcare providers reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress, respectively. The analysis showed severe symptoms level of depression for physicians and nurses was 35% and 20% (p < 0.05), respectively. Only three of the independent variables made a unique contribution to the model (gender, profession, and working position) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the mental health of healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia. Female nurses and healthcare providers working in the frontline who were directly treating patients with COVID-19 are at increased risk of severe depression, anxiety and distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana A Alhurishi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Almutairi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jason M Vinluan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed A Marie
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Amer RM, Malak MZ, Aburumman G, Darwish M, Nassar MS, Darwish M, Randall S. Prevalence and predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress among Jordanian nurses during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2021.1916701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Malakeh Z. Malak
- Faculty of Nursing, Community Health Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ghaida Aburumman
- Faculty of Engineering, Health Geography, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Motasem Darwish
- Faculty of Engineering, Health Geography, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | - Sue Randall
- Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Temsah MH, Al Huzaimi A, Alrabiaah A, Alamro N, Al-Sohime F, Al-Eyadhy A, Alhasan K, Kari JA, Alhaboob A, Alsalmi A, AlMuhanna W, Almaghlouth I, Aljamaan F, Halwani R, Saddik B, Barry M, Al-Zamil F, AlHadi AN, Al-Subaie S, Jamal A, Somily AM. Changes in healthcare workers' knowledge, attitudes, practices, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25825. [PMID: 33950990 PMCID: PMC8104280 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused an unprecedented health crisis around the world, not least because of its heterogeneous clinical presentation and course. The new information on the pandemic emerging daily has made it challenging for healthcare workers (HCWs) to stay current with the latest knowledge, which could influence their attitudes and practices during patient care.This study is a follow-up evaluation of changes in HCWs' knowledge, attitudes, and practices as well as anxiety levels regarding COVID-19 since the beginning of the pandemic. Data were collected through an anonymous, predesigned, self-administered questionnaire that was sent online to HCWs in Saudi Arabia.The questionnaire was sent to 1500 HCWs, with a 63.8% response rate (N = 957). The majority of respondents were female (83%), and the most common age group was 31 to 40 years (52.2%). Nurses constituted 86.3% of the respondents. HCWs reported higher anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic which increased from 4.91 ± 2.84 to 8.6 ± 2.27 on an 11-point Likert scale compared to other viral outbreaks. HCWs believed that their own preparedness as well as that of their hospital's intensive care unit or emergency room was higher during the COVID-19 pandemic than during the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus pandemic (2012-2015). About 58% of HCWs attended one or more simulations concerning the management of COVID-19 patients in their intensive care unit/emergency room, and nearly all had undergone N95 mask fit testing. The mean score of HCWs' knowledge of COVID-19 was 9.89/12. For most respondents (94.6%), the perception of being at increased risk of infection was the main cause of anxiety related to COVID-19; the mean score of anxiety over COVID-19 increased from 4.91 ± 2.84 before to 8.6 ± 2.27 during the pandemic in Saudi Arabia.HCWs' anxiety levels regarding COVID-19 have increased since a pandemic was declared. It is vital that healthcare facilities provide more emotional and psychological support for all HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Coeliac Disease Chair, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University
| | | | - Abdulkarim Alrabiaah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City
| | - Nurah Alamro
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City
- Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz Research Chair for Epidemiology and Public Health, King Saud University, Riyadh
| | - Fahad Al-Sohime
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City
| | - Ayman Al-Eyadhy
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City
| | - Khalid Alhasan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City
| | - Jameela A. Kari
- Paediatric Nephrology Centre of excellence, Department of Paediatrics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah
| | - Ali Alhaboob
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City
| | - Amro Alsalmi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City
| | | | - Ibrahim Almaghlouth
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- College of Medicine Research Center, King Saud University
| | - Fadi Aljamaan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Adult Critical Care Department, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City/King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basema Saddik
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mazin Barry
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University
| | - Fahad Al-Zamil
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City
| | - Ahmad N. AlHadi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Saud University Medical City
- SABIC Psychological Health Research and Applications Chair, College of Medicine
| | - Sarah Al-Subaie
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City
| | - Amr Jamal
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City
- Evidence-Based Health Care & Knowledge Translation Research Chair, King Saud University
| | - Ali Mohammed Somily
- College of Medicine, King Saud University
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ohta R, Matsuzaki Y, Itamochi S. Overcoming the challenge of COVID-19: A grounded theory approach to rural nurses' experiences. J Gen Fam Med 2021; 22:134-140. [PMID: 33362984 PMCID: PMC7753682 DOI: 10.1002/jgf2.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study inquires into nurses' changing perceptions with regard to the efforts in preparation for working in a COVID-19 ward in the rural Japanese context. Methods Data were collected using ethnographic methods and semi-structured interviews among 16 nurses working in the COVID-19 ward of a rural community hospital in Japan. A grounded theory approach was used for the qualitative analysis. Results In total, 70 hours' observation and participation were completed, and 27 pages of field notes were taken and used for the analysis. In addition, 32 interviews were conducted with 16 participants. Four themes emerged from the data: pre-COVID-work perceptions, overcoming fear, shadow cast by working in the COVID-19 ward, and an integrated approach to the fear of COVID-19. The nurses initially felt unpredictable fear. However, the establishment of standard approaches and practices for COVID-19 gave them confidence in their safety and helped them regain sympathy for patients. Nevertheless, working on COVID-19 cases negatively affected their activities outside of the ward, and some of them developed an identity crisis as they feared for the future. Conclusion Better teamwork, comprehensive understanding of COVID-19, and continuous provision of proper knowledge in rural hospitals should be driven by appropriate understanding and sympathy for nurses and patients in COVID-19 wards. The results of this study can be applied to mitigate nurses' fear, improve teamwork, and ensure understanding of COVID-19 by all medical staff in rural hospitals.
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Ohta R, Ryu Y, Sano C. Fears Related to COVID-19 among Rural Older People in Japan. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9050524. [PMID: 33946911 PMCID: PMC8146122 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9050524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected people’s social lives by inhibiting their movement; this seriously impacts the lives of older people in particular. Rural older people may have been particularly affected because they live dispersedly and in isolation. This study explored rural older people’s perceptions of how COVID-19 has impacted their social lives. This qualitative study assessed participants who were 65 years and older and residing in rural Japanese communities. Five focus group discussions were conducted with 53 participants to explore their perceptions and challenges during COVID-19. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and four themes were developed: the beginning of suffering, social cognitive suppression, reflection on rural contexts, and critical approaches to the pandemic based on rural standards. The daily activities of rural older people were suppressed due to social norms and pandemic-related standard precautionary measures based on urban areas. Specific infection control standards for rural areas and the provision of direct information to individuals in the community to sustain social support are needed. To effectively maintain rural social support, as well as the trust and accountability of rural citizens, constant dialog among local governments and rural citizens is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Ohta
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 699-1221 96-1 Iida, Daito-cho, Unnan 699-1221, Shimane, Japan;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +81-90-5060-5330
| | - Yoshinori Ryu
- Community Care, Unnan City Hospital, 699-1221 96-1 Iida, Daito-cho, Unnan 699-1221, Shimane, Japan;
| | - Chiaki Sano
- Department of Community Medicine Management, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya cho, Izumo 693-8501, Shimane, Japan;
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Jalili M, Niroomand M, Hadavand F, Zeinali K, Fotouhi A. Burnout among healthcare professionals during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 94:1345-1352. [PMID: 33864490 PMCID: PMC8052946 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To describe the prevalence of burnout among healthcare professionals dealing with COVID-19 patients and the associated factors. Methods In this cross-sectional survey, healthcare workers at six university-affiliated hospitals, who had been taking care of COVID-19 patients were studied. Age, gender, marital status, having children, hospital, job category, experience, and work load, as well as the level of burnout in each subscale were measured. Results 326 persons (53.0%) experienced high levels of burnout. The average score in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of personal accomplishment was 26.6, 10.2, and 27.3, respectively. The level of burnout in the three subscales varied based on the personal as well as work-related factors and gender was the only variable that was associated with high levels of all three domains. Conclusions Burnout is prevalent among healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients. Age, gender, job category, and site of practice contribute to the level of burnout that the staff experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jalili
- Emergency Medicine Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahtab Niroomand
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 7th Floor, Bldg. No.2 SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, 19839-63113, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fahimeh Hadavand
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kataun Zeinali
- Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Fotouhi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Varghese A, George G, Kondaguli SV, Naser AY, Khakha DC, Chatterji R. Decline in the mental health of nurses across the globe during COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Glob Health 2021; 11:05009. [PMID: 33884193 PMCID: PMC8053406 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.11.05009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses represent the major proportion of frontline health care professionals delivering 24/7 services to patients with an increased vulnerability towards COVID-19 infection. Mental health issues among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic are poorly reported across the globe. Henceforth, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to explore the prevalence and determinants of mental health outcomes (anxiety, stress, depression, PTSD, insomnia) among nurses across the globe due to the COVID-19. METHODS A PRISMA compliant systematic review (PROSPERO-CRD 42020204120) was carried out to identify articles from multiple databases reporting the prevalence of mental health outcomes among nurses. Proportion random effect analysis, I2 statistic, quality assessment, and sensitivity analysis were carried out. RESULTS Pooled data on mental health outcomes were generated from 25 cross-sectional studies: 32% anxiety (95% confidence interval (CI) = 21%-44%, n (number of studies) = 21, N (sample size) = 13 641), 40.6% stress (95% CI = 25.4%-56.8%, n = 10, N = 4204), 32% depression (95% CI = 21%-44%, n = 17, N = 12 294), 18.6% PTSD (95% CI = 4.8%-38%, n = 3, N = 638), 38.3% insomnia (95% CI = 5.8%-78.6%, n = 2, N = 261) and significant risk factors for mental ailments includes; caring for COVID-19 patients, being a female, low self-efficacy, resilience, social support and having physical symptoms (sore-throat, breathlessness, cough, lethargy, myalgia, fever). CONCLUSION The study results highlighted a higher proportion of poor mental health outcomes namely, anxiety, stress, depression, PTSD and insomnia among nurses from different parts of the world. Poor mental health outcomes among nurses warrants the need to implement proactive psychological interventions to deter the collapse of health care systems in responding to the pandemic and in particular all possible efforts should be undertaken to mitigate the risk factors. Health care organizations should provide support to nurses with sufficient flexibility. The disaster preparedness plan envisaged by nations should have provisions to address the mental health of nurses. Greater investment in addressing the global shortage of nurses should be given priority in national health policies. Attractive salary packages should be offered to nurses to prevent their emigration from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42020204120).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abin Varghese
- Bhopal Nursing College, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, ICMR, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Gigini George
- Bhopal Nursing College, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, ICMR, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sharat V Kondaguli
- Bhopal Nursing College, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, ICMR, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Deepika C Khakha
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajni Chatterji
- Department of Psychiatry, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, ICMR, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Basheti IA, Mhaidat QN, Mhaidat HN. Prevalence of anxiety and depression during COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare students in Jordan and its effect on their learning process: A national survey. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249716. [PMID: 33819301 PMCID: PMC8021185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONAL During pandemics, including the most recent COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of university healthcare students' is expected to be affected negatively, impacting the students' learning process. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the level of anxiety and depression of healthcare students living in Jordan, and the effect on their learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey completed by students studying a healthcare-oriented degree in a university in Jordan. Participants were recruited through social media (Facebook and WhatsApp). The validated previously published Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire was used as a part of the online survey to assess students' anxiety/depression scores. Students' responses regarding their learning process during the COVID-19 was also assessed. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 21.62 (SD = 4.90), with the majority being females (67.1%). The HADs' assessment revealed that 43.8% and 40.0% of participants had normal anxiety and depression scores, while 22.4% showed borderline abnormal anxiety/depression scores (33.8%). Many students (33.8%) were classified to have abnormal anxiety scores, while a smaller proportion (26.2%) was classified to have abnormal depression scores. Smoking (p = 0.022), lower family income (p = 0.039), and use of medications (p = 0.032) were positively associated with higher (worse) anxiety scores. Ranking the learning process during COVID-19 showed that 45.8% of the participants believed it was a 'good/very good/excellent' process. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety and depression levels amongst university healthcare students in Jordan were found to be high when assessed during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the learning process during the pandemic was not accepted by more than half of the students. Implementing psychological interventions for healthcare students during pandemics is strongly recommended in order to optimize students' mental health and their learning process alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman A. Basheti
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Qassim N. Mhaidat
- School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hala N. Mhaidat
- School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Heesakkers H, Zegers M, van Mol MMC, van den Boogaard M. The impact of the first COVID-19 surge on the mental well-being of ICU nurses: A nationwide survey study. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2021; 65:103034. [PMID: 33863609 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2021.103034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the impact of the first COVID-19 surge (March through June 2020) on mental well-being and associated risk factors among intensive care unit nurses. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY In September 2020, a nationwide cross-sectional survey study among Dutch intensive care nurses was carried out to measure prevalence rates of symptoms of anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and need for recovery (NFR), objectified by the HADS-A, HADS-D, IES-6 and NFR questionnaires, respectively. Associated risk factors were determined using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Symptoms of anxiety, depression, and post traumatic stress disorder were reported by 27.0%, 18.6% and 22.2% of the 726 respondents, respectively. The NFR was positive, meaning not being recovered from work, in 41.7%. Working in an academic hospital, being afraid of infecting relatives and experiencing insufficient numbers of colleagues were associated with more mental symptoms, while having been on holiday was associated with reduced depression symptoms and need for recovery. CONCLUSION The first COVID-19 surge had a high impact on the mental well-being of intensive care nurses, increasing the risk for drop out and jeopardising the continuity of care. Effort should be made to optimize working conditions and decrease workload to guarantee care in the next months of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidde Heesakkers
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department Intensive Care, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Marieke Zegers
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department Intensive Care, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Margo M C van Mol
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Intensive Care Adults, the Netherlands
| | - Mark van den Boogaard
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department Intensive Care, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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48
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McBride O, Murphy J, Shevlin M, Gibson‐Miller J, Hartman TK, Hyland P, Levita L, Mason L, Martinez AP, McKay R, Stocks TVA, Bennett KM, Vallières F, Karatzias T, Valiente C, Vazquez C, Bentall RP. Monitoring the psychological, social, and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the population: Context, design and conduct of the longitudinal COVID-19 psychological research consortium (C19PRC) study. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2021; 30:e1861. [PMID: 33166018 PMCID: PMC7992290 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The C19PRC study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the adult population of the UK, Republic of Ireland, and Spain. This paper describes the conduct of the first two waves of the UK survey (the "parent" strand of the Consortium) during March-April 2020. METHODS A longitudinal, internet panel survey was designed to assess: (1) COVID-19 related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors; (2) the occurrence of common mental health disorders as well as the role of (3) psychological factors and (4) social and political attitudes, in influencing the public's response to the pandemic. Quota sampling (age, sex, and household income) was used to recruit a nationally representative sample of adults. RESULTS Two thousand and twenty five adults were recruited at baseline, and 1406 were followed-up one-month later (69.4% retention rate). The baseline sample was representative of the UK population in relation to economic activity, ethnicity, and household composition. Attrition was predicted by key socio-demographic characteristics, and an inverse probability weighting procedure was employed to ensure the follow-up sample was representative of the baseline sample. CONCLUSION The C19PRC study data has strong generalizability to facilitate and stimulate interdisciplinary research on important public health questions relating to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ryan McKay
- Royal HollowayUniversity of LondonLondonEngland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Richard P. Bentall
- University of SheffieldSheffieldEngland
- University of LiverpoolLiverpoolEngland
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49
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Busch IM, Moretti F, Mazzi M, Wu AW, Rimondini M. What We Have Learned from Two Decades of Epidemics and Pandemics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Psychological Burden of Frontline Healthcare Workers. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2021; 90:178-190. [PMID: 33524983 PMCID: PMC8018214 DOI: 10.1159/000513733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In light of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and potential future infectious disease outbreaks, a comprehensive understanding of the negative effects of epidemics and pandemics on healthcare workers' mental health could inform appropriate support interventions. Thus, we aimed to synthesize and quantify the psychological and psychosomatic symptoms among frontline medical staff. We searched four databases up to March 19, 2020 and additional literature, with daily search alerts set up until October 26, 2020. Studies reporting psychological and/or psychosomatic symptoms of healthcare workers caring for patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome, H1N1, Ebola, Middle East respiratory syndrome, or COVID-19 were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently conducted the search, study selection, quality appraisal, data extraction, and synthesis and involved a third reviewer in case of disagreement. We used random effects modeling to estimate the overall prevalence rates of psychological/psychosomatic symptoms and the I2 statistic. We included 86 studies, reporting data from 75,991 participants. Frontline staff showed a wide range of symptoms, including concern about transmitting the virus to the family (60.39%, 95% CI 42.53-76.96), perceived stress (56.77%, 95% CI 34.21-77.95), concerns about own health (45.97%, 95% CI 31.08-61.23), sleeping difficulties (39.88%, 95% CI 27.70-52.72), burnout (31.81%, 95% CI 13.32-53.89), symptoms of depression (25.72%, 95% CI 18.34-33.86), symptoms of anxiety (25.36%, 95% CI 17.90-33.64), symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (24.51%, 95% CI 18.16-31.46), mental health issues (23.11%, 95% CI 15.98-31.10), and symptoms of somatization (14.68%, 95% CI 10.67-19.18). We found consistent evidence for the pervasive and profound impact of large-scale outbreaks on the mental health of frontline healthcare workers. As the CO-VID-19 crisis continues to unfold, guaranteeing easy access to support structures for the entire healthcare workforce is vitally important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isolde M. Busch
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Moretti
- Direzione Medica di Presidio Ospedale di Legnago, AULSS 9 Scaligera, Legnago, Italy
| | - Mariangela Mazzi
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Albert W. Wu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michela Rimondini
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy,
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50
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Khan S, Siddique R, Xiaoyan W, Zhang R, Nabi G, Sohail Afzal M, Liu J, Xue M. Mental health consequences of infections by coronaviruses including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Brain Behav 2021; 11:e01901. [PMID: 33314732 PMCID: PMC7882169 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and stress like mental illnesses are the common outcomes of viral epidemics and pandemics. Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in Wuhan, China, and then spread all over the world in a short time. OBJECTIVES To highlight and discuss the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental or psychological health. METHOD Literature search and collection of the information were performed using PubMed, the reports from the World health organization, and the Center for disease control and prevention. RESULTS COVID-19 infection has already been declared as a global pandemic, which in association with infodemic has increased the risk of psychiatric/psychological disorders. A large population of the world is prone to develop anxiety, depressive disorders, and other mental abnormalities. Therefore, timely psychological interventions and preventive strategies are required. Moreover, the infection has been reported to be linked with cerebrovascular conditions; therefore, patients with underlying cerebrovascular diseases should be given attention. CONCLUSION COVID-19-mediated mental health complications and cerebrovascular conditions may cause a huge burden on healthcare communities in the future. Therefore, timely intervention and the development or application of preventive strategies are required to decrease the risk of neurological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- The Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rabeea Siddique
- The Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wang Xiaoyan
- Child Health Department, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruiyi Zhang
- The Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ghulam Nabi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Muhammad Sohail Afzal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jianbo Liu
- Deparmtent of respiratory diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- The Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
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