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Villanueva-Blasco VJ, Iranzo B, Mateu-Mollá J, Carrascosa L, Gómez-Martínez S, Corral-Martínez M, Mitjans MT, Hernández-Jiménez MJ. Teen dating violence: predictive role of sexism and the mediating role of empathy and assertiveness based on gender. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1393085. [PMID: 38962220 PMCID: PMC11221490 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1393085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite efforts to prevent dating violence among adolescents, it remains a major problem with multiple negative consequences. Sexist beliefs, empathy, and assertiveness influence teen dating violence (TDV) with potential gender differences. Objectives (1) Determine gender disparities in TDV perpetration and victimization, including relational, verbal-emotional, and physical aspects, as well as roles; (2) Analyze gender variations in sexism, empathy, assertiveness, and their relationship with TDV; (3) Establish a predictive model of sexism in TDV with empathy and assertiveness as mediators for both genders. Participants and setting A sample of 862 secondary school students (50.2% females, 49.8% males; mean age: 14.1 years) from diverse regions in Spain participated. Methods TDV was measured using the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (CADRI) in a cross-sectional study. Sexism, empathy, and assertiveness were assessed using the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and Assertiveness Inventory for Students Questionnaire (AISQ), respectively. Results Females exhibited higher TDV perpetration, specifically verbal-emotional TDV. Males showed more relational TDV and hostile sexism, while no benevolent sexism differences were observed. Mediation models demonstrated sexism, assertiveness, and empathy as individual predictors of TDV, with varying mediation effects. Personal distress partially mediates the link between sexism and TDV perpetration or victimization in males, while practical personal ability mediates between sexism and TDV perpetration in females. Conclusion Sexism predicts both perpetration and victimization in TDV, linked to empathy and assertiveness. Notably, specific dimensions of empathy and assertiveness mediate the connection between sexism and TDV, displaying gender-specific patterns. Preventive measures should consider personal distress in male perpetrators/victims and practical personal ability in female perpetrators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group in Health and Psycho-Social Adjustment (GI-SAPS), Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Iranzo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group in Health and Psycho-Social Adjustment (GI-SAPS), Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Mateu-Mollá
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Carrascosa
- Faculty of Social and Legal Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Gómez-Martínez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- HUCASAN – Humanizing Health, Quality and Healthcare Management Research Group, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Mª Teresa Mitjans
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mª Jesús Hernández-Jiménez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group in Health, Violence and Trauma (GI-SAVITRA), Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
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Stewart SL, Withers A, Graham AA, Poss JW, Donnelly N. Examining the Biopsychosocial Factors Related to Lifetime History of Concussion in Children and Youth. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:36-47. [PMID: 35729361 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence of lifetime concussions, related psychosocial problems, and post-concussion recovery rates in a clinical sample of children and youth. Participants were 24,186 children and youth (M = 11.9 years, SD = 3.5) who completed an interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health Assessment at mental health agencies across Ontario, Canada. In addition to the expected physiological correlates, results found concussions to be more prevalent in children and youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, anxiety disorders, disruptive behaviour disorders, mood disorders, and those involved in self-harm, harm to others, destructive aggression, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. The results of this study add to our understanding of children and youth's experiences with concussions. Clinical implications and recommendations are discussed to maximize the effectiveness of evidence-based interventions related to concussion recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Stewart
- Faculty of Education, University of Western Ontario, 1137 Western Rd, London, ON, N6G 1G7, Canada
| | - Abigail Withers
- Faculty of Education, University of Western Ontario, 1137 Western Rd, London, ON, N6G 1G7, Canada.
| | - Alana A Graham
- Faculty of Education, University of Western Ontario, 1137 Western Rd, London, ON, N6G 1G7, Canada
| | - Jeffrey W Poss
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G5, Canada
| | - Nicholas Donnelly
- Faculty of Education, University of Western Ontario, 1137 Western Rd, London, ON, N6G 1G7, Canada
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Guo Z, Hu Q, Chen J, Hong D, Huang Y, Lv J, Xu Y, Zhang R, Jiang S. The developmental characteristics of proactive and reactive aggression in late childhood: The effect of parental control. Aggress Behav 2024; 50:e22112. [PMID: 37672595 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has confirmed that parental control is related to children's aggressive behavior. However, few studies have focused on proactive and reactive aggression to distinguish the different effects of parental psychological and behavioral control. Moreover, additional longitudinal evidence is needed to understand these links. In the current paper, a three-wave longitudinal study was conducted to examine the developmental characteristics of proactive and reactive aggression and the role of parental control in China. A total of 484 4th- and 7th-grade students participated at wave 1 (51.65% in 4th-grade, Mage = 11.66 ± 1.52 years), 465 students (52.04% in 4th-grade) at wave 2, and 447 children (51.90% in 4th-grade) at wave 3. The results showed that: (1) Proactive aggression in late childhood remained stable overall, while reactive aggression displayed a clear upward trend. (2) In proactive aggression, boys and girls had a consistent developmental trend. The initial level of boys was higher than that of girls. In reactive aggression, the growth rate was inversely associated with their initial level and the initial level of boys in 7th-grade was significantly higher than that of girls. (3) Both parental psychological and behavioral control positively predicted students' reactive aggression in 4th- and 7th-grade, whereas only parental behavioral control positively predicted proactive aggression in 7th-grade students, with no gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Guo
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of English, School of Foreign Languages, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Development Planning, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Defan Hong
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suo Jiang
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang, Institute of Medical Humanities, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Valdivia-Salas S, Lombas AS, Jiménez TI, Lucas-Alba A, Villanueva-Blasco VJ. Profiles and Risk Factors for Teen Dating Violence in Spain. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:4267-4292. [PMID: 35942946 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221114305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Teen dating violence (TDV) refers to a wide range of partner-directed harmful behaviors among adolescents. Since it was first documented in the 1980s, there is a growing interest in TDV due to its potentially devastating mid- and long-term consequences. Aiming at the early detection of TDV onset with prevention purposes, research has focused on the detection of typologies of perpetrators and/or victims as well as on identifying risk and protective factors for its occurrence. Research with Spanish adolescents, however, is very limited. To fill this gap, we recruited a total of 2,319 adolescents from different regions in Spain, out of which, 1,079 reported having had a romantic partner during the last year. These filled out measures of TDV (perpetration and victimization), school aggression, hostile and benevolent sexism, empathy, assertiveness, psychological inflexibility (general measures), and psychological inflexibility with prejudice thoughts. A cluster analysis revealed that adolescents could be divided into two clusters as a function of their TDV profile: Cluster 1, including close to 76% of the sample (boys and girls), presented low TDV perpetration and victimization; Cluster 2, including 24% of the sample (boys and girls), presented higher TDV perpetration and victimization. Regression analyses revealed that, as compared to those in Cluster 1, adolescents in Cluster 2 were more likely to be older boys who scored high in benevolent sexism, overt and relational school aggression, and personal distress, and low in behavior regulation skills, perspective taking, and practical personal ability. We discuss the implications of these findings for the design of evidence-based TDV prevention campaigns.
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The mediating effect of student-teacher relationships for the relationship between empathy and aggression: insights from Slovenia and Croatia. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Simon P, Nader-Grosbois N. Preschoolers' Empathy Profiles and Their Social Adjustment. Front Psychol 2021; 12:782500. [PMID: 34956001 PMCID: PMC8704132 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.782500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Preschoolers face new challenges in their social life: the development of social and emotional abilities in order to have positive relationships with peers and adults. Empathy, the ability to share and understand the emotions of others, contributes to this socio-emotional adjustment. This exploratory study examines mothers and fathers' perceptions of their child's empathy and individual factors, such as age, gender, and personality, which are related to cognitive and affective empathy in 63 typically developing preschoolers. Links between children's individual characteristics (empathy and personality) and their social adjustment on the one hand and risk of developing internalized vs. externalized behaviors on the other were also investigated. Parents completed four questionnaires about their child's empathy, personality, and social (mal)adjustment. The results showed that mothers and fathers perceived their children's cognitive and affective empathy, attention to others' feelings, and social actions (such as helping), in the same way, except for emotion contagion. Gender differences appeared specifically for some components of empathy: girls were said to pay more attention to others' emotions while boys had better cognitive empathy. Moreover, children's empathy as perceived by mothers or fathers was positively linked with their age, and with personality factors (extraversion, emotional stability, agreeableness, and openness to experience). Cognitive empathy and personality were found to be partly related to higher social skills and lower externalized and internalized behaviors. The results nuanced specific links between cognitive and affective empathy and social adjustment as well as behavior problems at preschool age. These results may have some implications for future research and prevention in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poline Simon
- Chair Baron Frère in Special Education, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Nader-Grosbois
- Chair Baron Frère in Special Education, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
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Sesso G, Brancati GE, Fantozzi P, Inguaggiato E, Milone A, Masi G. Measures of empathy in children and adolescents: A systematic review of questionnaires. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:876-896. [PMID: 34733649 PMCID: PMC8546775 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i10.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empathy has long been considered a multidimensional construct, encompassing cognitive, affective and behavioral domains. Deficits in empathic competences in early childhood contribute to psychopathology, and have been variably implicated in several clinical conditions, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and conduct disorders. AIM To identify and describe empirically validated questionnaires assessing empathy in children and adolescents and to provide a summary of related theoretical perspectives on empathy definitional issues. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Three bibliographic databases were searched. A total of 47 studies were selected for final analysis and 16 distinct measures were identified and described. RESULTS Questionable to excellent levels of internal consistency were observed, while few studies assessed test-retest reliability. Although construct definitions only partially overlapped, affective and cognitive domains of empathy were the commonest internal factors that were often separately evaluated. New facets of the construct (i.e., somatic empathy and sympathy) and specific clinical populations (i.e., ASD) could be specifically addressed through more recent instruments. CONCLUSION The combination of different assessment methods is recommended in order to foresee further improvements in this field and try to overcome the problem of limited convergence with more objective measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Sesso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy
| | | | - Pamela Fantozzi
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone 56128, Italy
| | - Emanuela Inguaggiato
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone 56128, Italy
| | - Annarita Milone
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone 56128, Italy
| | - Gabriele Masi
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone 56128, Italy
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Ying PX, Li H, Tan JW. The superiority of high level of father presence on empathy and sympathy in early adolescents in south-eastern China: A person-centered perspective. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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van Dijk A, Hubbard JA, Deschamps PKH, Hiemstra W, Polman H. Do Distinct Groups of Reactively and Proactively Aggressive Children Exist? A Confirmatory Latent Profile Approach. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2021; 49:1303-1317. [PMID: 33881665 PMCID: PMC8380234 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-021-00813-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined whether there are distinct groups of children with reactive versus proactive motives for their aggressive behavior. We extended previous research by using a person-based analytical approach on data from a questionnaire assessing children's motives independently from the severity of their aggression. Two competing hypotheses were tested. The both subtypes hypothesis holds that both reactive and proactive subtypes exist, as well as a mixed subtype. The reactive only hypothesis holds that only reactive and mixed subtypes exist. Hypotheses were tested on existing data from a community sample of children displaying aggression (Study 1: n = 228, ages 10-13, 54% boys), and two clinical samples of children with aggressive behavior problems (Study 2: n = 115, ages 8-13, 100% boys; Study 3: n = 123, ages 6-8, 78% boys). Teachers reported on children's reactive and proactive motives. We selected measures available from peers, parents, teachers, and children themselves to compare the supported subtypes on variables that previous literature suggests uniquely correlate with reactive versus proactive aggression. Confirmatory latent profile analyses revealed that the both subtypes hypothesis best fit the data of all three samples. Most children were classified as reactive (55.7-61.8% across samples), with smaller percentages classified as proactive (10.4-24.1%) and mixed (18.0-33.9%). However, these subtypes only differed in expected directions on 7 out of 34 measures. Overall, results support the existence of both reactive and proactive subtypes of aggressive children, but the distinctiveness of these subtypes in terms of social-emotional characteristics warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk van Dijk
- Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Julie A Hubbard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Peter K H Deschamps
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wieteke Hiemstra
- Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke Polman
- Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Valdivia-Salas S, Martín-Albo J, Cruz A, Villanueva-Blasco VJ, Jiménez TI. Psychological Flexibility With Prejudices Increases Empathy and Decreases Distress Among Adolescents: A Spanish Validation of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Stigma. Front Psychol 2021; 11:565638. [PMID: 33551895 PMCID: PMC7862551 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.565638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Empathy is an emotional response that may facilitate prosocial behavior and inhibit aggression by increasing empathic concern for others. But the vicarious experience of other’s feelings may also turn into personal distress when the person has poor regulation skills and holds stigmatizing beliefs. In thinking about the processes that may trigger the experience of personal distress or empathic concern, research on the influence of psychological flexibility and inflexibility on stigma is showing promising results. Both processes are assessed with the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–Stigma (AAQ-S). The current study sought to carry out a validity study of a Spanish version of the AAQ-S with a sample of adolescents aged 11–17 years. The study included an expanded test of its predictive validity with measures at three times to evaluate the role of psychological flexibility and inflexibility as risk or protective variables for the development of personal distress and/or empathic concern in the stigmatizer. Statistical analyses confirmed a two-correlated-factor solution, the adequate reliability of both factors, and their construct and predictive validity in the expected direction. The stigmatizer’s inflexible reaction to their stigmatizing thoughts predicted the occurrence of personal distress, whereas the stigmatizer’s flexible reaction to their stigmatizing thoughts predicted the occurrence of empathic concern for others. These findings confirm the importance of considering the role of regulatory skills in the experience of empathic concern or personal distress in the presence of stigmatizing thoughts, with possible implications for the promotion of prosocial behavior and the reduction of aggressive behavior among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Martín-Albo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Araceli Cruz
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | | | - Teresa I Jiménez
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
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Tuerk C, Anderson V, Bernier A, Beauchamp MH. Social competence in early childhood: An empirical validation of the SOCIAL model. J Neuropsychol 2020; 15:477-499. [DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carola Tuerk
- Department of Psychology University of Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute The Royal Children’s Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Science and Department of Pediatrics University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Annie Bernier
- Department of Psychology University of Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Miriam H. Beauchamp
- Department of Psychology University of Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
- Sainte‐Justine Hospital Research Center Montreal Quebec Canada
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Tampke EC, Fite PJ, Cooley JL. Bidirectional associations between affective empathy and proactive and reactive aggression. Aggress Behav 2020; 46:317-326. [PMID: 32227484 DOI: 10.1002/ab.21891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Preliminary evidence indicates that affective empathy is differentially related to proactive and reactive functions of aggression. However, additional longitudinal research is needed to understand the potential reciprocal nature of these links. The current study examined the bidirectional associations between affective empathy and proactive and reactive aggression over a 6-month period during middle childhood, with attention to potential gender differences. Data were collected from 294 elementary school children (52% girls; M = 9.25 years; SD = 0.944 years) and their homeroom teachers. Affective empathy was assessed using self-reports, and teachers provided ratings of children's functions of aggression. Data were collected during the fall and spring of one academic year. Overall, results suggest some evidence that affective empathy and functions of aggression are reciprocally linked over time. As predicted, Time 1 empathy was inversely associated with Time 2 proactive aggression and Time 1 reactive aggression was inversely associated with Time 2 empathy. Contrary to expectations, Time 1 proactive aggression was marginally positively associated with Time 2 empathy, and Time 1 empathy was not significantly associated with Time 2 reactive aggression. These prospective links did not differ according to gender. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula J. Fite
- Clinical Child Psychology ProgramUniversity of Kansas Lawrence Kansas
| | - John L. Cooley
- Developmental Psychobiology Research GroupUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado
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Wendt GW, Bartoli AJ. Understanding the psychopathy-stress association in typical developing adults: The role of emotional deficits. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Castro-Sánchez M, Zurita-Ortega F, Ruiz GRR, Chacón-Cuberos R. Explanatory model of violent behaviours, self-concept and empathy in schoolchildren. Structural equations analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217899. [PMID: 31419233 PMCID: PMC6697324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased visibility of bullying cases has led the scientific community to be more interested in analysing the factors affecting these behaviours in order to reduce bullying cases and their negative consequences. The aim of this study was to define and contrast an explanatory model that makes it possible to analyse the relationships between self-concept, empathy and violent behaviours in schoolchildren through structural equation analysis. The sample of this study is made up of 734 schoolchildren from the province of Granada (Spain), both male and female, aged between 10 and 12, and it consists of analysing self-concept (AF-5), empathy levels (TECA) and violent behaviour at schools (ECV). A structural equation model was performed and successfully adjusted (χ2 = 563.203; DF = 59; p < 0.001; CFI = 0.943; NFI = 0.937; IFI = 0.943; RMSEA = 0.076). A positive and direct relationship between self-concept and cognitive empathy has been found; manifest aggression is negatively related to self-concept. Similarly, affective empathy has a negative relationship with relational aggression. The main conclusions of this study are that the levels of self-concept and empathy represent protective factors against the development of violent and victimisation behaviours in schoolchildren.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Castro-Sánchez
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Félix Zurita-Ortega
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Ramón Chacón-Cuberos
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Chaves CMCM, Cavalcanti APR, Alves EDO, Mateus KS, Aguiar AAD, Fonsêca PND. Comportamentos Agressivos de Crianças na Escola: Evidência de Validade Interna da EPPCACE. PSICO-USF 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-82712019240204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar se os padrões psicométricos da Escala de percepção, por professores, dos comportamentos agressivos de crianças na escola (EPPCACE) evidenciavam sua validade interna. No Estudo 1 (n = 210), foi realizada a adaptação do instrumento e executada uma análise fatorial exploratória. No Estudo 2 (n = 203), efetuou-se uma análise fatorial confirmatória. Participaram professores do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas e particulares. Esses responderam à EPPCACE e a perguntas sociodemográficas. Os resultados indicaram que o instrumento é composto por três fatores: Agressividade direcionada ao âmbito geral (α = 0,95), Comportamentos pró-sociais (α = 0,90) e Agressividade direcionada aos professores (α = 0,90). Conclui-se que a EPPCACE é válida e fidedigna, podendo auxiliar na avaliação do contexto escolar a partir da percepção do professor acerca do comportamento agressivo dos alunos.
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