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Aviv I, Shorer M, Fennig S, Aviezer H, Singer-Harel D, Apter A, Pilowsky Peleg T. The path from trait anxiety to post-concussion symptoms and posttraumatic stress symptoms in children with mTBI: the moderating role of alexithymia. Child Neuropsychol 2025:1-22. [PMID: 40139993 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2025.2482826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025]
Abstract
Post-concussion symptoms (PCS) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are common after mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) in children. Psychological factors, especially pre-injury trait anxiety, are associated with the development of PCS and PTSS. However, the underlying mechanisms are understudied. The current study aimed to explore whether alexithymia (difficulty in identifying and describing emotions) moderates the associations between children's pre-injury trait anxiety and PCS, as well as PTSS in bothchildren and parents following mTBI. Participants were 53 children aged 8-16 with mTBI and their parents, recruited from the Emergency Department. Immediate mTBI symptoms were assessed by the Emergency Department physician within 24 hours post-injury. One-week post-injury, acute PTSS (children and parents), children's pre-injury trait anxiety, and alexithymia were measured using self-reported questionnaires. PCS were measured by symptom reports (including a baseline; reported by parents) and neuropsychological tests assessing cognitive functioning, including performance validity tests. PCS and cognitive functioning were assessed one-week and four-month post-injury. We found that alexithymia significantly moderated the associations between children's pre-injury trait anxiety and both PCS and PTSS in children and parents at one-week post-injury. Higher levels of alexithymia strengthened these associations. Alexithymia was found significantly associated with PCS at four-month post-injury. However, alexithymia did not moderate the association between pre-injury trait anxiety and PCS at four-month post-injury or cognitive functioning at one-week or four months. In conclusion, pre-injury trait anxiety and alexithymia are crucial in mTBI outcomes, being associated with PCS and PTSS development. Therefore, addressing emotional factors is important in TBI recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Aviv
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Maayan Shorer
- Department of Clinical Psychology, and the Lior Tzfati Center of Mental Pain, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek-Hefer, Israel
| | - Silvana Fennig
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Hillel Aviezer
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dana Singer-Harel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Alan Apter
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Tammy Pilowsky Peleg
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Neuropsychological Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach-Tikva, Israel
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Dube S, Asim M, Gonzalez J, Dala G, Wright ML, Gray MJ, Kahn LG, Jacobvitz D, Widen EM. Everything feels just a little heavier, more wrought with implications, you know? - a mixed-methods study examining lifestyle behaviors, health, and well-being of pregnant and postpartum women during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2025; 25:9. [PMID: 39773424 PMCID: PMC11706056 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-07011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the striking impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, heath care access and lifestyle behaviors, including perceived health, diet, physical activity, and sleep has been reported, few studies have examined these domains jointly among pregnant and postpartum people in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This mixed methods study was conducted among a subset of participants (n = 22) in a cohort study in Austin, Texas, who were pregnant or had recently delivered when the outbreak occurred. Measures were from the early second trimester up to 6 months postpartum. Findings from questionnaires were complemented by qualitative interviews during Spring/Summer 2020 regarding experiences during the early pandemic. RESULTS From our quantitative data (n = 22), most participants reported that the pandemic generally had a negative impact on their lives (81%), that they shifted to eating more at home (71%), and that they were less physically active (62%). Five major themes emerged in our qualitative interviews (n = 22): (1) adaptation to pandemic restrictions; (2) psychosocial experiences, such as feelings of anxiety, guilt, sadness, isolation, and frustration; (3) health behavior changes; (4) health care experiences; and (5) where they obtained general and perinatal related pandemic information. Of those who completed both pregnancy and postpartum interviews (n = 8), all reported anxiety during both periods; however, those who delivered in Spring 2020 experienced more anxiety surrounding delivery and less social support than those who delivered in Summer 2020, who reported less anxiety surrounding hospital birth and greater social support, particularly after delivery. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings confirm prior evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic had a marked impact on stress, anxiety, and worries, as well as lifestyle behaviors among pregnant and postpartum people. Our work provides lessons for health care practitioners about support need for pregnant and postpartum persons amid societal disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Dube
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Human Ecology, College of Natural Sciences, Department of Women's Health & Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd., Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Muhammad Asim
- Department of Community Health Sciences (MA), Aga Kahn University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jennifer Gonzalez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Human Ecology, College of Natural Sciences, Department of Women's Health & Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd., Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Gracia Dala
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Human Ecology, College of Natural Sciences, Department of Women's Health & Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd., Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Michelle L Wright
- National Cancer Institute, Neuro-Oncology Branch (MLW), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Megan J Gray
- Department of Pediatrics & Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin (EMW, MJG), Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Linda G Kahn
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University (LGK), New York, NY, USA
| | - Deborah Jacobvitz
- Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin (DJ), Austin, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Widen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Human Ecology, College of Natural Sciences, Department of Women's Health & Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd., Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
- Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin (MA, EW), Austin, TX, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics & Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin (EMW, MJG), Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
- Department of Women's Health, The University of Texas at Austin (EMW), Austin, TX, USA.
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Wainipitapong S, Millman LSM, Huang X, Wieder L, Terhune DB, Pick S. Assessing dissociation: A systematic review and evaluation of existing measures. J Psychiatr Res 2025; 181:91-98. [PMID: 39603166 PMCID: PMC11904123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to assess the psychometric properties and methodological quality of existing dissociation measures. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched in May 2023 using comprehensive search terms for 'dissociation' combined with terms for 'measurement' and 'psychometric properties'. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023423485) and followed PRISMA and COSMIN guidelines. We assessed content validity, structural validity, cross-cultural validity, and different indices of reliability comprising 1) reliability (test-retest, inter-rater, intra-rater), 2) internal consistency, and 3) measurement error. RESULTS Of 7570 studies, 170 were eligible, revealing 44 measures of dissociation (86% trait dissociation, 14% state dissociation) and their 14 adapted versions. None of the measures met all COSMIN criteria for good psychometric properties and high methodological quality. Overall, methodological quality was rated as follows: 'doubtful' for content validity, 'adequate' for measurement error and cross-cultural validity, and 'very good' for structural validity and internal consistency. Most included studies did not assess the reliability of investigated measures. CONCLUSION The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), adolescent DES, Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire, Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire-20, and Cambridge Depersonalisation Scale demonstrated strong evidence for measuring general, child/adolescent, trauma-related (state) or somatoform dissociation, and depersonalisation, respectively. Future research should refine or develop dissociation measures following COSMIN guidelines to ensure robust methodology and psychometric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorawit Wainipitapong
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Center of Excellence in Transgender Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - L S Merritt Millman
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xi Huang
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lillian Wieder
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Devin B Terhune
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susannah Pick
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Cohen R, Punski-Hoogervorst JL, Maoz I, Engel-Yeger B, Tatsa-Laor L, Avital A. Emotion, attention and stress regulation as markers of resilience in male and female Israeli soldiers during the Israel-Hamas war. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01948-z. [PMID: 39733378 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01948-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 12/31/2024]
Abstract
Psychological resilience is a key factor for societal and military stability when faced with terror attacks and/or war. The research presents physiological findings-obtained with the electrodermal activity (EDA) and Auditory Sustained Attention Test (ASAT)-on stress responses, attentional and emotion regulation abilities in 57 Israel Defense Force male and female combat soldiers during the ongoing Israel-Hamas war. In addition, it shows self-reported resilience scores and post traumatic symptomatology measured by questionnaires and explores the relationship between the subjective and objective data. Compared to male soldiers, female soldiers showed significantly higher hyperarousal symptoms yet showed a tendency to a significantly lower specific skin conductance response (on the EDA) to the first startle sound. Furthermore, the self-reported acute stress symptoms positively and significantly correlated with the physiological emotion regulation measured by startle responses, and negatively correlated with attentional regulation measured by the ASAT. The lack of gender differences in stress level, resilience and self-regulation abilities emphasizes the high capabilities of women combat soldiers, especially due to gender-related risks in combat. Relatively high scores of acute stress symptomology in the population of combat soldiers invite later screening and assessment for the prevention of post traumatic disorders in vulnerable individuals. The combination of physiological measures and questionnaires highlights possible report biases, and thus underscores the importance of combining these objective/subjective measures for adequate assessment of resilience and post traumatic symptomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Cohen
- Behavioral Neurobiology Lab, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Janne L Punski-Hoogervorst
- Behavioral Neurobiology Lab, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Inon Maoz
- Behavioral Neurobiology Lab, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Batya Engel-Yeger
- Behavioral Neurobiology Lab, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Avi Avital
- Behavioral Neurobiology Lab, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave., Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel.
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Castro M, Aires Dias J, Madeira L. Does the media (also) keep the score? Media-based exposure to the Russian-Ukrainian war and mental health in Portugal. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:1475-1488. [PMID: 37840303 PMCID: PMC11538770 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231201242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The Russian-Ukrainian war (RUW) is responsible for extensive individual suffering and a socio-economic impact on the world and is reshaping global affairs. Many studies have focused on direct exposure to conflict and several public health policies have been devised. Nonetheless, indirect exposure through media has received minimal attention and there is limited evidence that mental health symptoms and disorders may arise as a result. We explored the role of voluntary or involuntary media-based exposure to the RUW on individuals' mental health including stress symptoms, coping strategies, daily functioning, and worries across demographic variables. In our sample, subjects with involuntary and higher amount of exposure seem to have higher stress symptoms. Also, those who had previous ruminations on war issues could be at risk of developing more post-traumatic stress symptoms. Therefore, media appears to be a conduit that spreads negative consequences of community trauma beyond directly affected communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Castro
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Aires Dias
- ICNAS/CIBIT, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luis Madeira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
- CUF Descobertas Hospital, Portugal
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Chen B, Zhang J, Yu S, Yu NX. Trajectories and determinants of acute stress disorder during the COVID-19 centralized quarantine: A latent class growth analysis. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3351. [PMID: 38018760 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 centralized quarantine may cause acute stress disorder (ASD). However, it is unknown how individuals present heterogeneous ASD trajectories during the COVID-19 centralized quarantine and what factors contribute to these patterns. This study aimed to identify the ASD trajectories and their determinants during the centralized quarantine period, and the mediating effects of resilience on these associations. A longitudinal survey with three waves was conducted in a randomly selected quarantine hotel in Shenzhen, China from October to November 2020. A total of 273 participants completed online measures assessing ASD symptoms, Eysenck's personality constructs of extraversion (E), neuroticism (N), psychoticism (P), and resilience on Day 1, and reported ASD symptoms on Days 7 and 14 during their 14-day centralized quarantine periods. Latent class growth analysis identified three trajectories: constantly high symptoms (CHS, 4.76%), decreasing symptoms (DS, 11.72%), and constantly low symptoms (CLS, 83.52%). The CHS and DS subgroups both reported lower E and higher N scores, but not P, compared with the CLS subgroup. Resilience mediated the effects of three personality constructs on ASD trajectories, except for the association between N and DS membership. Our study highlights the heterogeneity in stress responses to the COVID-19 centralized quarantine. The high-risk subgroup with persistent ASD symptoms was characterized by lower E and higher N. The resilience process accounted for the effects of personality in shaping distinct ASD trajectories. Our findings have implications to detect the populations vulnerable to ASD and provide insights for developing timely resilience enhancement intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Chen
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuxin Yu
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- The Second People's Hospital of Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nancy Xiaonan Yu
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Daughtrey HR, Lee J, Boothroyd DB, Burnside GM, Shaw RJ, Anand KJS, Sanders LM. Stress Symptoms Among Children and Their Parents After ICU Hospitalization. J Intensive Care Med 2024; 39:328-335. [PMID: 37743757 DOI: 10.1177/08850666231201836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Child survival after intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization has increased, yet many children experience acute stress that may precipitate mental/behavioral health comorbidities. Parents report stress after their child's hospitalization. Little is known about the individual and family characteristics that may moderate intergenerational relationships of acute stress. Design: Following ICU admission at a large academic medical center, a prospective cross-sectional cohort study assessed the associations between intergenerational characteristics and acute stress among children and families. Patients: Parent-child dyads (N = 88) were recruited from the pediatric ICU and pediatric cardiovascular ICU (CVICU) following ICU discharge. Eligible children were between 8 and 18 years old with ICU stays longer than 24 hours. Children with developmental delays were excluded. Caregivers were proficient in English or Spanish. Surveys were collected before hospital discharge. Measurements/Main Results: The primary outcome was "child stress" defined as a score≥17, measured by the Children's Revised Impact of Events Scale (CRIES-8). "Parent stress" was defined as an elevated composite score on the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire. We used validated scales to assess the child's clinical and family social characteristics. Acute stress was identified in 34 (39.8%) children and 50 (56.8%) parents. In multivariate linear regression analyses adjusting for social characteristics, parent stress was associated with increased risk of child stress (adjusted odds ratio 2.58, 95% confidence interval 0.69, 4.46, p < .01). In unadjusted analyses, Hispanic ethnicity was associated with greater child stress. In adjusted analyses, race, income, ICU length of stay, and language were not associated with child stress and did not moderate the parent-child stress relationship. Conclusions: Parent stress is closely correlated with child stress during ICU hospitalization. Hispanic ethnicity may be associated with increased risk for child stress, but further studies are required to define the roles of other social and clinical measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R Daughtrey
- Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Medicine, Children's National Heart Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Justin Lee
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Derek B Boothroyd
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Georgiana M Burnside
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Richard J Shaw
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford Children's Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kanwaljeet J S Anand
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford Children's Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Lee M Sanders
- Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford Children's Health, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Academic General Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Zhou Y, Zhou Y. Non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation mediates the relationship between disease uncertainty and acute stress disorder in patients with ischaemic stroke. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1319848. [PMID: 38510806 PMCID: PMC10952823 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1319848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background During epidemic outbreaks, hospitalized patients, especially those with cerebrovascular disease, were identified as a vulnerable group suffering from acute stress disorder (ASD) and consequent psychological distress. For stroke patients, not only will they suffer from physical illness, but the uncertainty of illness caused by sudden illness may also cause patients to experience different degrees of ASD. Relevant studies have shown that the impact of ASD on individuals may vary according to age, gender, disease characteristics, individual personality, treatment methods, income level, family support, cognitive psychology and other factors. However, non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation plays a crucial role in influencing individual psychological states. At present, the risk factors of ASD after stroke and the mechanism between illness uncertainty and cognitive emotion regulation are not fully understood. Therefore, we focus on exploring the predictive effects of general demographic and disease-related characteristics, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, and illness uncertainty on ASD after stroke, and make hypotheses. When a disease acts on the body, the patient will have the corresponding cognition of the disease, and ASD will appear at the same time. Then the maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation as an important mediating variable can aggravate the level of acute stress disorder and be verified. Methods We used a cross-sectional design, which can be used to investigate the distribution of a disease or health condition and its related factors in a specific population at a specific time, so as to describe the distribution of the disease or health condition and its relationship with related factors. A total of 256 hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled, including 145 males and 111 females, aged from 26 to 90 years, with a mean age of (64.71 ± 12.20) years. All patients completed and returned a self-report questionnaire that included demographic information, illness uncertainty, cognitive emotion regulation, and ASD. We then compared the differences in general demographic data, illness uncertainty, and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation in acute stress disorders. Results The majority of hospitalized stroke patients (67.6%) developed ASD due to the COVID-19 pandemic and were therefore at risk for PTSD. More than one third (39.1%) of stroke survivors also suffered from severe psychological distress. More specifically, younger stroke patients are more likely to experience ASD than older patients. Although higher illness uncertainty scores indicate more severe ASD, adaptive cognitive emotion regulation was a protective factor. Conclusion Given that individuals with ASD are susceptible to PTSD, it is critical to follow up hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke for screening for PTSD and referral to appropriate psychological services. Maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation can increase the impact of uncertainty on the traumatic experience of stroke patients. Therefore, health care institutions should increase their efforts to provide psychosocial support services to hospitalized patients and make continuous efforts to screen for symptoms of trauma and psychological distress in hospitalized stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhou
- School of Nursing, Qingdao Binhai University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yani Zhou
- The department of breast and thyroid, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Qiu AH, Tay D, Watson B. Metaphorical language and psychopathological symptoms: a case study of trauma victims' metaphor use. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:57. [PMID: 38303003 PMCID: PMC10835999 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01492-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While clinical diagnosis of mental health issues focuses on factual details represented by literal language (e.g., the onset and process of the triggering event and duration of symptom), the relationship between metaphorical language and psychopathological experiences remains an intriguing question. Focusing on psychological trauma triggered by the 2019-2020 Hong Kong social unrest, this study explored the correlations between trauma victims' quantitative metaphor usage patterns and their experience of specific Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) symptoms. METHODS Forty-six individuals with trauma exposure within 28 days were recruited through convenience sampling. Each completed a 20- to 30-minute semi-structured interview and filled out the Chinese version of the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ; 1). Metaphors in the interviews were identified using the discourse dynamic approach (2), and clinically interesting categories related to trauma and emotion expression, as revealed by previous literature, were sorted out. Standardized frequencies of the categories were correlated with participants' SASRQ scores of five major ASD symptoms, and the correlational patterns were interpreted from a discourse analytic perspective. RESULTS The study reveals how metaphor usage patterns can reflect the speakers' differentiated experiences of psychopathological symptoms. Compared with individuals who experienced less trauma, those more disturbed by the re-experiencing symptom were more inclined to use emotion-related metaphors and to metaphorize about the self and the self-society relationship. Individuals who experienced more severe anxiety and hyperarousal showed a heightened awareness of self-related issues and diminished attention to others. Those who suffered from more severe impairment in functioning produced more metaphors in the negative valence. Dissociation and avoidance, which were less experientially salient and intense than the others, were not significantly correlated with metaphor usage patterns. CONCLUSION This study establishes symptom-level metaphor usage patterns as a previously overlooked but interesting avenue in trauma evaluation, treatment, and research. While the study is confined to a single context, it nevertheless reveals the potential for metaphor research findings to be incorporated as useful materials in psychology education and therapist training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Han Qiu
- Department of Philosophy, Linguistics, and Theory of Science, Faculty of Humanities, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Dennis Tay
- International Research Centre for the Advancement of Health Communication, Department of English and Communication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bernadette Watson
- International Research Centre for the Advancement of Health Communication, Department of English and Communication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Huang J, Huang ZT, Sun XC, Chen TT, Wu XT. Mental health status and related factors influencing healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0289454. [PMID: 38241316 PMCID: PMC10798549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental health of healthcare workers during the coronavirus-2019 pandemic was seriously affected, and the risk of mental health problems was high. The present study sought to systematically evaluate the mental health problems of healthcare workers worldwide during the pandemic and to determine the latest global frequency of COVID-19 associated mental health problems. METHODS Data in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Elsevier, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO and the Web of Science before November 11, 2022, were systematically searched. Cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies were included. The meta-analysis used a random effects model to synthesize the comprehensive prevalence rate of mental health problems. Subgroup analyses were performed based on time of data collection; whether the country was or was not developed; continent; doctors and nurses; doctors/nurses vs. other healthcare workers; and psychological evaluation scale. RESULTS A total of 161 studies were included, including 341,014 healthcare workers worldwide, with women accounting for 82.8%. Occupationally, 16.2% of the healthcare workers were doctors, 63.6% were nurses and 13.3% were other medical staff. During the pandemic, 47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35-60%) of healthcare workers reported job burnout, 38% (95% CI, 35-41%) experienced anxiety, 34% (95% CI 30-38%) reported depression, 30% (95% CI, 29-31%) had acute stress disorder, and 26% (95% CI, 21-31%) had post-traumatic stress disorder. CONCLUSIONS The study found that there were common mental health problems among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common was job burnout, followed by anxiety, depression, acute stress and post-traumatic stress disorder. Although the global pandemic has been brought under control, its long-term impact on the mental health of healthcare workers cannot be ignored. Additional research is required to develop measures to prevent, monitor and treat psychological disorders among healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhu-Tang Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xin-Ce Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Robledo-Martín J, Acea-López L, Pérez-Urdiales I, Alcolea-Cosín MT, Bellon F, Oter-Quintana C, Blanco-Blanco J, Pastor-Bravo MDM, Rubinat-Arnaldo E, Briones-Vozmediano E. From students to nurses under pressure: Nursing students' entry into employment during the first COVID-19 wave. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:7209-7226. [PMID: 37335081 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To describe the experiences of nursing students and their mental health as they entered employment during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (May-June 2020). BACKGROUND As other healthcare professionals, nursing students who worked during the first COVID-19 wave suffered from dysfunctional mental health symptoms. DESIGN Sequential, mixed-method, multicentre study. METHODS The study population comprised 92 students in the third and fourth year of the Nursing degree at three Spanish universities, who entered employment during the pandemic. Data were collected between May and June 2020. In the quantitative phase, data were collected using an online questionnaire containing both validated anxiety and stress scales. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 participants. A descriptive analysis of the quantitative data and a reflexive thematic analysis of the qualitative data were carried out, and analyses were combined. COREQ checklist was used for reporting. RESULTS The combined quantitative and qualitative results were organised into five thematic areas: (1) Interruption of clinical placements, (2) Entering employment on a healthcare assistant contract, (3) Preventing contagion, (4) Adapting to the situation and managing emotions, and (5) Lessons learned. CONCLUSION The students had a positive overall experience of entering employment, as they were able to develop their nursing skills. However, they had an emotional impact in form of stress caused by excessive responsibility, academic uncertainty, lack of personal protective equipment and training in its use, and the possibility of spreading disease to their family members. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE In the current context, changes must be made in study programmes to instruct nursing students to be able to cope with extreme clinical situations, such as pandemics. The programmes should include a more extensive coverage of epidemics and pandemics and management of emotional aspects such as resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Robledo-Martín
- Department of Nursing, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Acea-López
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Unit, Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Iratxe Pérez-Urdiales
- Department of Nursing I, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Member of the Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Filip Bellon
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Member of the Health Care Research Group (GRECS) and Society, Health, Education and Culture Research Group (GESEC), Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristina Oter-Quintana
- Department of Nursing, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Nursing and Health Care Research Group, Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana Research Institute (IDIPHISA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Blanco-Blanco
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Member of the Health Care Research Group (GRECS) and Society, Health, Education and Culture Research Group (GESEC), Lleida, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Pastor-Bravo
- Department of Nursing, University of Murcia, Member of ENFERAVANZA Research Group, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Esther Rubinat-Arnaldo
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Member of the Health Care Research Group (GRECS) and Society, Health, Education and Culture Research Group (GESEC), Lleida, Spain
| | - Erica Briones-Vozmediano
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Member of the Health Care Research Group (GRECS) and Society, Health, Education and Culture Research Group (GESEC), Lleida, Spain
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Rousseau S, Feldman T, Shlomi Polachek I, Frenkel TI. Persistent symptoms of maternal post-traumatic stress following childbirth across the first months postpartum: Associations with perturbations in maternal behavior and infant avoidance of social gaze toward mother. INFANCY 2023; 28:882-909. [PMID: 37329252 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent literature identifies childbirth as a potentially traumatic event, following which mothers may develop symptoms of Post-Traumatic-Stress-Following-Childbirth (PTS-FC). The current study examines whether stable symptoms of PTS-FC during the early postpartum period may impose risk for perturbations in maternal behavior and infant social-engagement with mother, controlling for comorbid postpartum internalizing symptoms. Mother-infant dyads (N = 192) were recruited from the general population, during the third trimester of pregnancy. 49.5% of the mothers were primipara, and 48.4% of the infants were girls. Maternal PTS-FC was assessed at 3-day, 1-month and 4-month postpartum, via self-report and clinician-administered interview. Latent Profile Analysis generated two profiles of symptomology: "Stable-High-PTS-FC" (17.0%), and "Stable-Low-PTS-FC" (83%). Membership in the "Stable-High-PTS-FC" profile associated with perturbed maternal sensitivity, which was in turn significantly associated with infant avoidance of social gaze toward mother (Indirect effect β = -0.15). Results suggest the need for early screening and inform the planning of early preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Rousseau
- School of Education, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC Herzliya), Herzliya, Israel
| | - Tamar Feldman
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC Herzliya), Herzliya, Israel
| | - Inbal Shlomi Polachek
- Be'er Ya'akov Medical Center, Beer Yaakov, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tahl I Frenkel
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC Herzliya), Herzliya, Israel
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13
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Padoa A, Tomashev R, Brenner I, Golan A, Igawa MS, Lurie I, Reicher Y, Talmon A, Ginzburg K. Obstetric outcome and emotional reactions to childbirth in women with dyspareunia: A cross-sectional study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 288:7-11. [PMID: 37413830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess obstetrical outcomes, perceptions of childbirth experience and emotional adjustment, in women with dyspareunia. STUDY DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, 440 women were recruited within 48 h postpartum in the maternity ward of a large medical center, during the period of April 2018- August 2020. Self-report questionnaires were administered which addressed demographic and reproductive background, dyspareunia, perceptions of control during labor (Labor Agentry Scale), perceived professional support (Intrapartum Care Scale), and maternal adjustment, implicated in perinatal dissociation (Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire), acute stress disorder (ASD) symptoms (Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire), bonding (Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale), anticipated maternal self-efficacy (Maternal Self-Efficacy Scale) and well-being (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). Obstetrical information was retrieved from clinical files and included pregnancy complications, week and mode of delivery, nature of labor onset, analgesia during delivery, birthweight, perineal tears. RESULTS The dyspareunia group included 71 women (18.3%) and the comparison group 317 (81.7%). Demographic data were similar among groups. No difference was observed in nature of labor onset, type of analgesia, route of delivery, perineal tears. More participants with dyspareunia had premature delivery versus comparisons (14.1% vs 5.6%, p = 0.02). Women with dyspareunia reported lower levels of control (p = 0.01) and perceived support during childbirth (p < 0.001), higher levels of perinatal dissociation (p < 0.001) ASD symptoms (p < 0.001), depression (p = 0.02), negative affect (p < 0.001), and reported lower levels of maternal bonding (p < 0.001) and anticipated maternal self-efficacy (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Dyspareunia was associated with more premature deliveries, parameters of emotional distress during childbirth and poorer maternal adjustment following childbirth. Perinatal caregivers should be cognizant of such cognitive and emotional reactions in women with dyspareunia, so as to assess for a history of dyspareunia in pregnant women and provide adequate support during pregnancy and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Padoa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir-Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Tsrifin, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Roni Tomashev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir-Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Tsrifin, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inbal Brenner
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Lev-Hasharon Medical Center, Pardesiya, Israel
| | - Ayelet Golan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir-Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Tsrifin, Israel
| | - May Shir Igawa
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Lurie
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
| | - Yael Reicher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka Medical Center, Beersheba, Israel; Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Anat Talmon
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karni Ginzburg
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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14
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Ellerkamp H, Thienemann M, Tinero J, Shaw R, Dowtin LL, Frankovich J, Borkovi TC. Group Psychotherapy for Parents of Youth with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2023; 30:660-672. [PMID: 36480109 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-022-09926-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parents of children with diagnoses of Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) may experience significant psychological distress related to their child's severe and relapsing illness and challenges with the traumatic nature of its treatment. No manualized or studied psychological interventions specifically for parents of youth with PANS have existed prior to this study. In this pilot study, we assessed the feasibility, satisfaction, and treatment fidelity of a brief 9-session group therapy intervention for parents based on principles of trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). We hypothesized that, if initially elevated, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and trauma would decrease and participants' utilization of positive coping mechanisms would increase post-intervention. We adapted an existing evidence-based group intervention developed for parents of children with premature infants to target sources of stress and coping in parents of children with PANS. Ten parents participated in the study. The 9-session intervention used a combination of techniques that included cognitive restructuring, coping skills, self-care, and a trauma narrative to address psychological stress, trust, grief, and unwanted emotions. Outcome measures included parental symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as rating of parental satisfaction with the intervention. The treatment was feasible and deliverable with high fidelity. The intervention was rated as useful and satisfactory by parents (overall average usefulness of 4.54 and satisfaction of 4.71 out of 5.0). Elevated symptoms of PTSD and depression decreased with large effect sizes (Cohen's d = 1.42 and Cohen's d = 1.38, respectively). Participating parents demonstrated significantly more active coping and acceptance behaviors and stances. A brief 9-session group therapy intervention based on principles of trauma-focused CBT was found to be effective in reducing symptoms of psychological distress in parents of children with PANS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ellerkamp
- PGSP-Stanford Psy.D. Consortium, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Northwell Health, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, USA
| | - Margo Thienemann
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Immune Behavioral Health Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA, 321 Middlefield Road, Suite 225, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
| | - Jason Tinero
- PGSP-Stanford Psy.D. Consortium, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Richard Shaw
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - LaTrice L Dowtin
- Center for Socioemotional Wellness and Development, PlayfulLeigh Psyched, Bethesda, USA
| | - Jennifer Frankovich
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Immune Behavioral Health Clinic, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tonyanna Caren Borkovi
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
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15
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Tsai SF, Wu CL, Ho YY, Lin PY, Yao AC, Yah YH, Hsiao CM, You YH, Yeh TF, Chen CH. Medical malpractice in hospitals-how healthcare staff feel. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1080525. [PMID: 37333540 PMCID: PMC10270288 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1080525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Literature is limited on quantified acute stress reaction, the impact of event scale on medical staff when facing medical malpractice (MMP), and how to individually care for staff. Methods We analyzed data in the Taichung Veterans General Hospital from October 2015 to December 2017, using the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the medical malpractice stress syndrome (MMSS). Results and Discussion Of all 98 participants, most (78.8%) were women. Most MMPs (74.5%) did not involve injury to patients, and most staff (85.7%) indicated receiving help from the hospital. The internal-consistency evaluations of the three questionnaires showed good validity and reliability. The highest score of IES-R was the construct of intrusion (30.1); the most severe construct of SASRQ was "Marked symptoms of anxiety or increased arousal," and the most were having mental and mild physical symptoms for MMES. A higher total IES-R was associated with younger age (<40 y/o), and more severe injury on patients (mortality). Those who indicated receiving very much help from the hospital were those having significantly lower SASRQ sores. Our study highlighted that hospital authorities should regularly follow up on staff's response to MMP. With timely interventions, vicious cycles of bad feelings can be avoided, especially in young, non-doctor, and non-administrative staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Feng Tsai
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Liang Wu
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Ho
- Department of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Lin
- Department of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Chu Yao
- Department of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Yah
- Department of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Hsiao
- Office of Social Work, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu Huei You
- Office of Social Work, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Feng Yeh
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsu Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Giannopoulos E, Agarwal A, Croke J, Golden DW, Hirsch AE, Jimenez RB, Malik NH, Papadakos J, Quartey NK, Samoil D, Wu CHD, Ingledew PA, Giuliani M. Exploring the Perceived Educational Impact of COVID-19 on Postgraduate Training in Oncology. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2023; 38:829-836. [PMID: 35726080 PMCID: PMC9208832 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-022-02192-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to report the degree to which postgraduate trainees in radiation oncology perceive their education has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey was administered from June to July 2020 to trainee members of the Canadian Association of Radiation Oncology (CARO) (n = 203). Thirty-four trainees responded with a 17% response rate. Just under half of participants indicated that COVID-19 had a negative/very negative impact on training (n = 15; 46%). The majority agreed/strongly agreed that they feared family/loved ones would contract COVID-19 (n = 29, 88%), felt socially isolated from friends and family because of COVID-19 (n = 23, 70%), and had difficulty concentrating on tasks because of concerns about COVID-19 (n = 17, 52%). Changes that had a negative/very negative impact on learning included limitations to travel and networking (n = 31; 91%) and limited patient contact (n = 19; 58%). Virtual follow-ups (n = 25: 76%) and in-patient care activities (n = 12; 36%) increased. Electives were cancelled in province (n = 10; 30%), out-of-province (n = 16; 49%), and internationally (n = 15; 46%). Teaching from staff was moderately reduced to completely suppressed (n = 23, 70%) and teaching to medical students was moderately reduced to completely suppressed (n = 27, 82%). Significant changes to radiation oncology training were wrought by the pandemic, and roughly half of trainees perceive that these changes had a negative impact on training. Innovations in training delivery are needed to adapt to these new changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankit Agarwal
- Western Radiation Oncology/El Camino Health, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Croke
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel W Golden
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ariel E Hirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel B Jimenez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nauman H Malik
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Janet Papadakos
- Cancer Education, Princess Margret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Cancer Care Ontario, Ontario Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Diana Samoil
- Cancer Education, Princess Margret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Paris-Ann Ingledew
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Meredith Giuliani
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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17
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Shaw RJ, Moreyra A, Simon S, Wharton E, Dowtin LL, Armer E, Goldman LW, Borkovi T, Neri E, Jo B, Hintz S, Van Meurs K, Horwitz SM. Group trauma focused cognitive behavior therapy for parents of premature infants compared to individual therapy intervention. Early Hum Dev 2023; 181:105773. [PMID: 37119727 PMCID: PMC10182567 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2023.105773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study compares results of a group-based intervention developed to reduce symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety in parents of premature infants with a prior study using an individual version of the treatment manual. METHODS 26 mothers of preterm infants (25-34 weeks' gestational age; >600 g) received 6 sessions of trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Outcomes were compared with those of a previously published RCT, which tested an individual therapy based on the same model in a group of 62 mothers. Results were also compared across in-person and telehealth treatment. RESULTS From baseline to follow up, the individual intervention showed greater improvement in trauma symptoms assessed with the Davidson Trauma Scale (d = 0.48, p = 0.016), although both conditions showed clinically significant improvement. Similar patterns were found for maternal depression and anxiety. In-person treatment was found to be superior to telehealth treatment administered during the COVID-19 pandemic, although the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Group-based trauma focused CBT is an effective treatment modality for parents of premature infants with symptoms of psychological distress but not as effective as individual therapy using the same treatment model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Shaw
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America.
| | - Angelica Moreyra
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Simon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - Emily Wharton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - LaTrice L Dowtin
- PlayfulLeigh Psyched, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
| | - Erin Armer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Tonyanna Borkovi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - Eric Neri
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - Booil Jo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - Susan Hintz
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Krisa Van Meurs
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Sarah M Horwitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
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18
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Savu C, Armaș I, Burcea M, Dobre D. Behind the scenes of the healthcare COVID-19 pandemic crisis: potential affecting factors of healthcare work sustainability in Romania during 2020-2022. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1179803. [PMID: 37324811 PMCID: PMC10267456 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1179803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The COVID-19 pandemic represented a great disturbance for medical systems around the world, putting medical personnel on the front lines of the fight against the SARS-Cov2 virus. This fight was particularly impactful in countries with medical systems already facing various challenges, including Romania; where the pandemic unfolded in five waves that severely affected the psychological and physical well-being of medical professionals in terms of overload and continuous exposure to health threats. Against this background, our research aims to identify the mediating role of potential affecting factors of healthcare work sustainability during the change-related uncertainty conditions generated by the COVID 19 crisis. Dynamics and relations of nine carefully selected constructs were tracked along all five pandemic waves in Romania, which span from March 2020 to April 2022. The tested variables and constructs are perception of healthcare workers of their own state of health, their workplace safety, the work-family conflict, the satisfaction of basic needs, the work meaningfulness and work engagement, patient care, pandemic stress and burnout. Methods This cross-sectional study is based on an online snowball sampling of 738 health workers from 27 hospitals. Panel research is limited to a maximum of 61 respondents for two successive waves. The analytical part is built on means comparison of analysed variables between all five pandemic waves and an in-depth model to explain the relationships between the variables. Results The results indicate statistically significant correlations between the perception of health risks and all selected factors excluding patient care, which seems to be above the own health perception. The factors' dynamics was followed along all five pandemic waves. The developed model identified that one's health status satisfaction is a mediator of the family-work conflict and, together, of work engagement. In turn, work engagement plays a significant role in satisfying basic psychological needs and supporting work meaningfulness. Also, work meaningfulness influences the satisfaction of basic psychological needs. Discussion Health workers with higher levels of positive perceived health are better at managing pandemic stress, burnout effects and work-family imbalances. Adaptive behaviors and attitudes towards COVID-19 pandemic threats could be identified in later pandemic waves due to the progress in terms of medical protocols and procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Savu
- Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliana Armaș
- Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marin Burcea
- Faculty of Administration and Business, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Dobre
- Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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19
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Bogliacino F, Codagnone C, Folkvord F, Lupiáñez-Villanueva F. The impact of labour market shocks on mental health: evidence from the Covid-19 first wave. ECONOMIA POLITICA (BOLOGNA, ITALY) 2023; 40:1-32. [PMID: 37361479 PMCID: PMC10213601 DOI: 10.1007/s40888-023-00304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we estimate the effect of a negative labour market shock on individuals' levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. We use a dataset collected during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, on a representative sample of citizens from Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom, interviewed on three occasions. We measure stress, anxiety and depression and labour shocks using validated scales. Our research design is a standard difference-in-differences model: we leverage the differential timing of shocks to identify the impact on mental health. In our estimations, a negative labour shock increases the measure of stress, anxiety, and depression by 16% of a standard deviation computed from the baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bogliacino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Università Degli Studi Di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Cristiano Codagnone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Sociali e Politiche, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Frans Folkvord
- Tillburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Yi X, Jing C, Meimei M, Jianhui X, Jihong H, Ding X, Lihui Z. Acute stress reaction, depression anxiety stress, and job withdrawal behavior in non-frontline pediatric nurses during the pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1123445. [PMID: 37265551 PMCID: PMC10230301 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1123445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds The COVID-19 pandemic has brought an unprecedented healthy crisis to people worldwide. It is crucial to assess the psychological status of non-frontline nurses. More attention to the mental and physical health of non-frontline nurses during a public health emergency is necessary for a full understanding of the implications. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors that influence the acute stress reaction of non-frontline pediatric nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This study aimed to explore factors associated with acute stress reactions of non-frontline pediatric nurses in Hunan province during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional design. Five hundred eighteen pediatric nurses from Hunan province, China, completed the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ), Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), and Job Withdrawal Behavior Scales (JWB). Multiple linear regression analyses and Pearson's correlation were used to analyze the results. Results The mean scores of DASS-21, JWB, SASRQ were 1.443 ± 0.500, 1.601 ± 0.544, and 1.858 ± 0.805, respectively. Stress, anxiety, depression (three sub-dimensions of DASS-21), JWB, monthly income and department were the major predictive factors for SASRQ (Adjusted R2 = 0.579, p < 0.001). Pearson's correlation showed that the mean score of SASRQ was positively correlated with JWB, DASS-21, and all its dimensions (p < 0.01). Conclusion The study indicated that the SASRQ was greater with higher levels of DASS-21 and JWB. It revealed an acute stress reaction in non-frontline pediatric nurses and recommends more focus on the factors influencing the SASRQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Cao Jing
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Ma Meimei
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Xie Jianhui
- Department of Nursing, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Hu Jihong
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- International Affairs Department, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Zhu Lihui
- Department of Nursing, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Hunan, China
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21
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Smrdu M, Kuder A, Turk E, Čelik T, Šet J, Kralj-Fišer S. COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown: Associations With Personality and Stress Components. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:727-758. [PMID: 34674582 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211043451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines the role of personality traits, interpersonal relationships, and sociodemographic factors on perceived stress, related to COVID-19, and compliance with measures to mitigate its spread. Data were collected in the midst of the 'first wave' lockdown, with the survey completed in full by 963 participants. We measured stress, directly related to the pandemic, rather than general stress, and were able to distinguish between symptoms of emotional, behavioural, cognitive, physical stress, and alienation with high concordance. We included personality scoring with standardized T-scores, allowing for cross-study comparison, and a broader questionnaire on the participants' support for COVID-19 mitigation measures. Results of the multiple regression models indicated that low emotional stability and introversion, and high conscientiousness, common conflicts with loved ones, and some demographics (female gender, middle age, chronic health problems) correspond to elevated stress. Conscientiousness was positively associated with total stress and some of its components, whereas opposite results were found for emotional stability. Extraversion was negatively correlated to total stress, its emotional and physical components, and alienation. Surprisingly, increased stress was not related to greater measure adherence. The present results shed light on how personality, interpersonal relationships, and sociodemographic factors influence people's stress response during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Smrdu
- The Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Department of Psychology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Kuder
- The Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Department of Psychology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
- The Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Department of Psychology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Eva Turk
- The Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Department of Psychology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tatjana Čelik
- The Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Department of Psychology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janko Šet
- Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- The Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Department of Psychology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simona Kralj-Fišer
- The Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Department of Psychology, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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22
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Deshwali A, Dadhwal V, Vanamail P, Sagar R, Sharma A, Agarwal R, Malhotra N, Bharti J. Prevalence of mental health problems in mothers of preterm infants admitted to NICU: A cross-sectional study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 160:1012-1019. [PMID: 36115010 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of mental health problems among mothers of preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS In this cross-sectional two-arm study, 130 mothers in each group, with either term infants not in NICU or preterm infants admitted to NICU, underwent mental health assessment using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire and Modified Parental Stress Scale-NICU. Their coping styles and quality of life were also assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS IBM 25.0. RESULTS Anxiety (66.2% versus 46.9%) and depression (45.4% versus 23.1%) were more common among NICU mothers. Regarding subdomains of acute stress reaction, a higher number of NICU mothers showed symptoms of anxiety, re-experience and functional impairment. For mothers with infants in NICU, sight, sound, and parental role alterations were stressful. They had reduced quality of life scores in domains of physical health, psychological health, and social relationships. Also, a higher number of these mothers exhibited problem-solving and emotion-focused coping. CONCLUSION Preterm birth with NICU admission of the infant is more stressful for a mother than the term birth of a healthy neonate. It affects her mental health and quality of life. Both the obstetrician and the pediatrician should be mindful of this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Deshwali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vatsla Dadhwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Perumal Vanamail
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Sagar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aparna Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Agarwal
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neena Malhotra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Juhi Bharti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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23
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Cooper-Bribiesca D, Rascón-Martínez DM, Miguel-Puga JA, Juárez-Carreón MK, Sánchez-Hurtado LA, Colin-Martinez T, Anda-Garay JC, Espinosa-Poblano E, Jáuregui-Renaud K. Physicians' Distress Related to Moral Issues and Mental Health In-Between Two Late Waves of COVID-19 Contagions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3989. [PMID: 36901003 PMCID: PMC10002359 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the sanitary constrains implemented due to the pandemic, frontline physicians have faced increased workloads with insufficient resources, and the responsibility to make extraordinary clinical decisions. In 108 physicians who were at the forefront of care of patients with COVID-19 during the first two years of the pandemic, mental health, moral distress, and moral injury were assessed twice, in between two late waves of COVID-19 contagions, according to their adverse psychological reactions, in-hospital experience, sick leave due to COVID-19, quality of sleep, moral sensitivity, clinical empathy, resilience, and sense of coherence. Three months after the wave of contagions, the adverse emotional reactions and moral distress decreased, while moral injury persisted. Moral distress was related to clinical empathy, with influence from burnout and sick leave due to COVID-19, and moral injury was related to the sense of coherence, while recovery from moral distress was related to resilience. The results suggest that measures to prevent physician infection, as well as strengthening resilience and a sense of coherence, may be helpful to prevent persistent mental damage after exposure to a sanitary crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis Cooper-Bribiesca
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Otoneurología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Dulce María Rascón-Martínez
- Departamento de Anestesiología, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - José Adan Miguel-Puga
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Otoneurología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - María Karen Juárez-Carreón
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Luis Alejandro Sánchez-Hurtado
- Departamento de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Tania Colin-Martinez
- Departamento de Admisión Continua, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Anda-Garay
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Eliseo Espinosa-Poblano
- Departamento de Inhaloterapia y Neumología, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Kathrine Jáuregui-Renaud
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Otoneurología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
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24
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Jibb LA, Nanos SM, Alexander S, Malfitano C, Rydall A, Gupta S, Schimmer AD, Zimmermann C, Hales S, Nissim R, Marmar C, Schultebraucks K, Mah K, Rodin G. Traumatic stress symptoms in family caregivers of patients with acute leukaemia: protocol for a multisite mixed methods, longitudinal, observational study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e065422. [PMID: 36332954 PMCID: PMC9639100 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The diagnosis, progression or recurrence of cancer is often highly traumatic for family caregivers (FCs), but systematic assessments of distress and approaches for its prevention and treatment are lacking. Acute leukaemia (AL) is a life-threatening cancer of the blood, which most often presents acutely, requires intensive treatment and is associated with severe physical symptoms. Consequently, traumatic stress may be common in the FCs of patients with AL. We aim to determine the prevalence, severity, longitudinal course and predictors of traumatic stress symptoms in FCs of patients with AL in the first year after diagnosis, and to understand their lived experience of traumatic stress and perceived support needs. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This two-site longitudinal, observational, mixed methods study will recruit 223 adult FCs of paediatric or adult patients newly diagnosed with AL from two tertiary care centres. Quantitative data will be collected from self-report questionnaires at enrolment, and 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after admission to hospital for initial treatment. Quantitative data will be analysed using descriptive and machine learning approaches and a multilevel modelling (MLM) approach will be used to confirm machine learning findings. Semi-structured qualitative interviews will be conducted at 3, 6 and 12 months and analysed using a grounded theory approach. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR number PJT 173255) and has received ethical approval from the Ontario Cancer Research Ethics Board (CTO Project ID: 2104). The data generated have the potential to inform the development of targeted psychosocial interventions for traumatic stress, which is a public health priority for high-risk populations such as FCs of patients with haematological malignancies. An integrated and end-of-study knowledge translation strategy that involves FCs and other stakeholders will be used to interpret and disseminate study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Jibb
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie M Nanos
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Alexander
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carmine Malfitano
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne Rydall
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sumit Gupta
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron D Schimmer
- Department of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Camilla Zimmermann
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Hales
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rinat Nissim
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles Marmar
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Katharina Schultebraucks
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth Mah
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gary Rodin
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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25
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CampBell T, Hurwitz A, Bartel R, Rose R, Dean J, Markle T. COVID-19 nightmare response and stress: A new Mexico sample based survey. Sleep Med 2022; 99:23-29. [PMID: 35930935 PMCID: PMC9296252 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Studies conducted during the COVID-19 Pandemic have reported increased rates of mental illnesses including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [1]. A common symptom of mental illness is change in Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep, the phase of sleep associated with dreaming and nightmares. The COVID-19 pandemic offers a unique opportunity to evaluate the effects of systemic stress on nightmares. In this study, we investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic affects nightmare frequency and content using a web-based survey within the state of New Mexico. The survey returned 197 responses showing an increase in the quantity of both bad dreams and nightmares. Furthermore, significant changes in nightmare themes were reported compared to relative rates prior to the pandemic (RR 1,42, p < 0.01; RR 5, p < 0.001). This novel data supports that increased stress from the COVID-19 pandemic has altered dream and nightmare content and frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim CampBell
- University of New Mexico, 1 University Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, 87110, USA
| | - Ariel Hurwitz
- University of New Mexico, 1 University Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, 87110, USA
| | - Robyn Bartel
- University of New Mexico, 1 University Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, 87110, USA
| | - Rachel Rose
- University of New Mexico, 1 University Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, 87110, USA
| | - Jeremy Dean
- University of New Mexico, 1 University Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, 87110, USA
| | - Tom Markle
- University of New Mexico, 1 University Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, 87110, USA.
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26
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Demers LA, Wright NM, Kopstick AJ, Niehaus CE, Hall TA, Williams CN, Riley AR. Is Pediatric Intensive Care Trauma-Informed? A Review of Principles and Evidence. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9101575. [PMID: 36291511 PMCID: PMC9600460 DOI: 10.3390/children9101575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric critical illness and injury, along with the experience of recovering from critical illness are among the most potentially traumatic experiences for children and their families. Additionally, children often come to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) with pre-existing trauma that may sensitize them to PICU-related distress. Trauma-informed care (TIC) in the PICU, while under-examined, has the potential to enhance quality of care, mitigate trauma-related symptoms, encourage positive coping, and provide anticipatory guidance for the recovery process. This narrative review paper first describes the need for TIC in the PICU and then introduces the principles of TIC as outlined by the American Academy of Pediatrics: awareness, readiness, detection and assessment, management, and integration. Current clinical practices within PICU settings are reviewed according to each TIC principle. Discussion about opportunities for further development of TIC programs to improve patient care and advance knowledge is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Demers
- Pediatric Critical Care and Neurotrauma Recovery Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Division of Pediatric Psychology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Naomi M. Wright
- Division of Pediatric Psychology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Avi J. Kopstick
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 97705, USA
| | - Claire E. Niehaus
- Division of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Trevor A. Hall
- Pediatric Critical Care and Neurotrauma Recovery Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Division of Pediatric Psychology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-503-418-2134
| | - Cydni N. Williams
- Pediatric Critical Care and Neurotrauma Recovery Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Division of Pediatric Psychology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Andrew R. Riley
- Division of Pediatric Psychology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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27
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O'Toole S, Suarez C, Adair P, McAleese A, Willis S, McCormack D. A Systematic Review of the Factors Associated with Post-Traumatic Growth in Parents Following Admission of Their Child to the Intensive Care Unit. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2022; 29:509-537. [PMID: 35526209 PMCID: PMC9399044 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-022-09880-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review aims to identify the demographic, clinical and psychological factors associated with post-traumatic growth (PTG) in parents following their child's admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Papers published up to September 2021 were identified following a search of electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PTSDpubs and EMBASE). Studies were included if they involved a sample of parents whose children were previously admitted to ICU and reported correlational data. 1777 papers were reviewed. Fourteen studies were eligible for inclusion; four were deemed to be of good methodological quality, two were poor, and the remaining eight studies were fair. Factors associated with PTG were identified. Mothers, and parents of older children, experienced greater PTG. Parents who perceived their child's illness as more severe had greater PTG. Strong associations were uncovered between PTG and post-traumatic stress, psychological well-being and coping. PTG is commonly experienced by this population. Psychological factors are more commonly associated with PTG in comparison with demographic and clinical factors, suggesting that parents' subjective ICU experience may be greater associated with PTG than the objective reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Toole
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, 18-30 Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, UK.
| | - C Suarez
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, 18-30 Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, UK
| | - P Adair
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, 18-30 Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, UK
| | - A McAleese
- Clinical Psychology Department, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - S Willis
- Clinical Psychology Department, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - D McCormack
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, 18-30 Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, UK
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Palmborg Å, Lötvall R, Cardeña E. Acute Stress among Nurses in Sweden during the COVID-19 Pandemic. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA & DISSOCIATION 2022; 6:100283. [PMID: 37521718 PMCID: PMC9153182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejtd.2022.100283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sweden was hit hard in the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic with deaths per capita among the highest in Europe. The pandemic was a stressful time especially for healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients. Various studies have evaluated whether nurses caring for these patients had higher levels of acute stress, but typically with measures that either used older DSM-IV criteria for Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) or general measures of acute stress. We recruited an online sample (N = 101) of nurses in Sweden from COVID-19 specialized units (ICU), Emergency (ER), and other units (Other), and asked them to answer questionnaires retrospectively to the peak of infections in Sweden. We aimed to evaluate: 1) the psychometric properties of the translation of the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire-II (SASRQ-II, which follows DSM-5 criteria for ASD) into Swedish, 2) whether nurses in COVID-19 units had experienced more acute stress than nurses in other units, and 3) the extent of potential acute stress disorder. The SASRQ-II evidenced good construct, convergent and divergent validity, and good reliability. It showed that ICU nurses reported significantly more acute stress than the other two groups, a difference that could not be accounted for by demographic or other variables. A retrospective diagnosis of ASD using the SASRQ-II suggested that 60% of nurses might have fulfilled ASD criteria, but no differences across groups were found.
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29
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A 20-years+ review of the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ): Psychometric properties and findings. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA & DISSOCIATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejtd.2022.100269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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30
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Ji R, Zhang L, Ji Y, Li G, Wang R, Xu C. Association of Self-Leadership With Acute Stress Responses and Acute Stress Disorders in Chinese Medics During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:836950. [PMID: 35770059 PMCID: PMC9235357 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.836950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The outbreak of the highly infectious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) renders a huge physical and psychological risk to the public, especially to the medics. Additionally, self-leadership has proven to improve self-efficacy and mediate tension, such as nervousness and depression. Therefore, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to explore the association of self-leadership with acute stress responses (ASRs) and acute stress disorders (ASDs) in medics during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods Self-reported online questionnaires were administered, and 627 participants were finally included. The data were analyzed using the univariate analysis and the logistical regression model to identify whether self-leadership and sociodemographic and epidemic characteristics were associated with mental health, including ASRs and ASDs. Results Initially, 790 medics responded. Of these, 627 remained after excluding for invalid questionnaires and those with a substantial amount of missing data. Therefore, the participation validity rate was 79.37%. Frontline medical staff (β = 0.338; p < 0.001), possibility of infection among people around the medic being mild (β = 0.141; p < 0.001), subjective estimation of epidemic duration being 3-6 months (β = 0.074; p < 0.05), self-sets (β = -0.022; p < 0.001), self-punishment (β = 0.229; p < 0.001), belief hypothesis and evaluation (β = -0.147; p < 0.05), and successful foresight (β = 0.105; p < 0.05) were statistically significant with ASRs. Marital status [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =1.813; 95% CI (1.141, 2.881); p = 0.012], being a frontline worker [AOR = 25.760; 95% CI (14.220, 46.667); p < 0.001], visiting Hubei in the previous 14 days [AOR = 3.656; 95% CI (1.500, 8.911); p = 0.004], self-punishment [AOR = 1.352; 95% CI (1.180, 1.548); p < 0.001], and self-dialogue [AOR = 1.256; 95% CI (11.063, 1.483); p = 0.007] were the risk factors for ASD. Conversely, having frontline medical staff in one's family [AOR = 0.523; 95% CI (0.297, 0.923); p = 0.025], self-sets [AOR = 0.814; 95% CI (0.715, 0.826); p = 0.002], and belief hypothesis and evaluation [AOR = 0.796; 95% CI (0.672, 0.943); p = 0.038] were the protective factors. Conclusion The special working environment of the COVID-19 epidemic resulted in ASR and ASD. Notably, findings revealed a positive association between ASR symptoms and frontline medical staff, the subjective estimation of epidemic duration, self-punishment, and successful foresight. Nevertheless, marital status, having visited Hubei in the previous 14 days, and self-dialogue were the risk factors accounting for ASD symptoms. Surprisingly, having frontline medical staff in one's family, self-sets, and belief hypothesis and evaluation had potential benefits for ASD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjian Ji
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Nursing, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Ji
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Guangzhao Li
- Department of Nursing, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Renxiu Wang
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Cuiping Xu
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Nursing, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Liu Q, Liu Z, Lin S, Zhao P. Perceived accessibility and mental health consequences of COVID-19 containment policies. JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH 2022; 25:101354. [PMID: 35251936 PMCID: PMC8882410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2022.101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals have experienced various degrees of accessibility loss during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may consequently have influenced their mental health. Although efforts have been made to understand the mental health consequences of the pandemic and corresponding containment measures, the impacts of accessibility loss remain underexplored. METHODS Based on 186 family interviews, a 569-respondent panel survey was designed and distributed monthly from February to October 2020 in Kunming, China. A 3-wave cross-lagged panel model was developed to understand the causal relationship between mental health and perceived accessibility of daily necessities, key services, and social activities. RESULTS Goodness-of-fit indicators imply that the hypothesised model fits the observed data well: χ2/df = 2.221, AGFI = 0.910, NFI = 0.907, CFI = 0.933, RMSEA = 0.052. The results indicate that perceived accessibility of daily necessities and social activities had lagged effects on mental health status. The within-wave effects show that perceived accessibility of daily necessities (0.619, p < 0.01) and social activities (0.545, p < 0.01) significantly influenced respondents' mental health during the peak of the pandemic whilst perceived accessibility of social activities dominantly influenced their mental health after restrictions were lifted (0.779, p < 0.01). Perceived accessibility of public services such as healthcare did not significantly influence respondents' mental health in any wave. COVID-19 containment policies had different mental outcomes across population groups. Disadvantaged people experienced mental health issues due to accessibility loss for daily necessities and social activities until the lifting of compulsory QR-code-for-buses, whilst better-off populations had better mental health during the early phase of the outbreak and rapidly recovered their mental health after mobility restrictions eased. CONCLUSION Reduced perceived accessibility of daily necessities and social activities may be an underlying cause of mental health problems. Relative accessibility deprivation exacerbated mental health inequities during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyang Liu
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, China
- Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Human-Erath Relations of Ministry of Natural Resources of China, China
| | - Zhengying Liu
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, China
- Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Human-Erath Relations of Ministry of Natural Resources of China, China
| | - Siyi Lin
- Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Pengjun Zhao
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, China
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences of Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Human-Erath Relations of Ministry of Natural Resources of China, China
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Wu M, Wang W, Zhang X, Li J. The prevalence of acute stress disorder after acute myocardial infarction and its psychosocial risk factors among young and middle-aged patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7675. [PMID: 35538120 PMCID: PMC9091242 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Young and middle-aged people are vulnerable to developing acute stress disorder (ASD) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aims to explore the factors that contribute to ASD in young and middle-aged AMI patients. 190 AMI patients aged 18 to 60 years were enrolled in this study. We assessed the association between ASD and demographic data, adult attachment, and social support. This study examined a total of 190 young and middle-aged people. Among them, 65 participants were diagnosed with ASD, representing a 34.21% positive rate. Multivariate stepwise regression showed that adult attachment, infarct-related artery, social support, in-hospital complications are the main factors affecting ASD. Path analysis showed that social support had mediated the relationship between adult attachment and ASD. The incidence of ASD in young and middle-aged patients with AMI is high. Social support plays an important role in adult attachment and ASD relationships. Adult attachment and social support should be incorporated into post-traumatic cardiac rehabilitation to help patients cope with traumatic occurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjuan Wu
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenqin Wang
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingwei Zhang
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China. .,The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Junhua Li
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
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Li B, Yang Q. The effect of an ICU liaison nurse-led family-centred transition intervention program in an adult ICU. Nurs Crit Care 2022; 28:435-445. [PMID: 35396917 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ICUs follow a restrictive companionship policy, especially after the COVID-19 outbreak. This strategy often limits the time families spend with patients, hinders their knowledge and skills in caregiving, and the sudden transfer of ICU patients to assist with disease monitoring and daily care can be very stressful for families. It is beneficial to use the transition period of transferring ICU patients to help families adjust to the role of caregiver. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To develop and implement a patient- and family-centered transitional care intervention plan for patients transferred to the ICU. DESIGN Prospective, pretest and posttest design. METHODS The experimental group received an individualized family-centered transition plan led by the ICU liaison nurse that included 1) communication with health care professionals; distribution of a transfer booklet; 2) identification of nursing issues and communication with the ward nurse; invitation of family members to participate in the patient's rehabilitation; 3) follow-up instruction on bedside range of motion exercises; and provision of a patient rehabilitation diary. Patients in the control group received only routine care. Data were collected using the General Information Questionnaire, Family Satisfaction with ICU Patients (FS-ICU), the Family Relocation Stress Scale (FRSS), and the Stanford Acute Stress Response Questionnaire (SASRQR). RESULTS After the intervention, the total family satisfaction score of ICU patients in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (87.18 ± 8.38 vs 78.74 ± 10.63, p<0.001), and the satisfaction with the care and information provided was significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.001), with no significant difference between the two groups in terms of satisfaction with decision making (p>0.001). The level of relocation stress of patients' families was significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group after the intervention (p < 0.001). And there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of patients' acute stress disorder scores (p>0.001). CONCLUSION The implementation of a family-involved transition care programme significantly improved the satisfaction of ICU patients' families and reduced the stress of relocation for patients' families. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Focusing on the transition of ICU patients to ensure continuity of critical care and improve the quality of care for ICU patient transfers can be accomplished through a family-centered transition care plan led by the ICU liaison nurse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyu Li
- Department of Comprehensive Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou First People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Nursing College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Comprehensive Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou First People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Nursing College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Canal-Rivero M, Armesto-Luque L, Rubio-García A, Rodriguez-Menéndez G, Garrido-Torres N, Capitán L, Luque A, Crespo-Facorro B, Ruiz-Veguilla M. Trauma and stressor-related disorders among health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic and the role of the gender: A prospective longitudinal survey. J Affect Disord 2022; 302:110-122. [PMID: 35032507 PMCID: PMC8755453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health-care Workers (HCW) are facing a critical situation caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) which could impact on their mental health status. In addition, HCW women have been identified as a group at high-risk of developing psychological distress, although no previous longitudinal studies have explored this issue in a sample of HCW. AIMS The main aim of the study was to observe the temporal pattern of the stress reactions among HCW as well as to explore its potential predictors of poor outcome. Moreover, we analyzed possible gender differences in stress reaction responses. METHODS One thousand for hundred and thirty-two HCW responded an online survey including sociodemographic, clinical, and psychometric tests in May 2020 while 251 HCW answered in November 2020. Bivariate and multivariate analyses as well as repeated measures analyses were used to achieve the aims of the study. RESULTS The proportion of HCW who fulfilled Acute Stress Disorder criteria did not change over the follow-up period, although we observed a significant improvement in stress reactions responses among HCW. Proximal factors were the most salient predictors of traumatic reactions. Repeated analyses revealed significant gender differences in acute stress reactions. In addition, women showed significantly greater improvement than men in re-experiencing the traumatic event and hyperarousal dimensions. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring of working conditions as well as emotional reactions in HCW facing major disasters should be carried out to prevent the development of peritraumatic stress reactions. In addition, HCW women are characterized by a different pattern of progression in stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Canal-Rivero
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain; Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Rubio-García
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain
| | | | - Nathalia Garrido-Torres
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain; Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Capitán
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Asunción Luque
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain; Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Veguilla
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain; Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Irwin E, Chapman T, Johanson E, Robinson L. Early Intervention Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Following Major Musculoskeletal Trauma: How Soon Is Too Soon? JOURNAL OF EMDR PRACTICE AND RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1891/emdr-2021-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Major trauma centers have increased survival following serious physical injury, resulting in increased demand for specialist multidisciplinary rehabilitation. We aimed to explore the feasibility of using early intervention eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in an acute inpatient setting, using a non-concurrent, multiple-baseline, pre-post test case-series design. Unfortunately, no patients were recruited. This paper sets out the challenges and reflections of setting up a psychological intervention study in this setting and provides suggestions for further research.
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Shorey S, Ang E, Baridwan NS, Bonito SR, Dones LBP, Flores JLA, Freedman-Doan R, Fukahori H, Hirooka K, Koy V, Lee WL, Lin CC, Luk TT, Nantsupawat A, Nguyen ATH, Nurumal MS, Phanpaseuth S, Setiawan A, Shibuki T, Sumaiyah Jamaluddin TS, Tq H, Tun S, Wati NDNK, Xu X, Kunaviktikul W. Salutogenesis and COVID-19 pandemic impacting nursing education across SEANERN affiliated universities: A multi-national study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2022; 110:105277. [PMID: 35101809 PMCID: PMC8785336 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the lives of many. Particularly, nursing students experience greater stress as their normal curriculum is interrupted and some of them face the risk of being infected as frontline workers. Nursing faculty members may face similar struggles, in addition to developing teaching materials for online learning. Thus, it is important to examine the faculty members' and students' views on their ability to adapt during the pandemic to obtain a holistic view of how learning and training has been affected. DESIGN The descriptive cross-sectional quantitative design was used. SETTINGS Data were collected from Southeast and East Asian Nursing Education and Research Network (SEANERN) affiliated nursing institutions from January 2021 to August 2021. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1897 nursing students and 395 faculty members from SEANERN-affiliated nursing institutions in Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam were recruited for this study. METHODS Quantitative surveys were used to explore the satisfaction levels in education modalities, confidence levels, psychosocial well-being, sense of coherence and stress levels of nursing students and faculty members during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS Participants were mostly satisfied with the new education modalities, although most students felt that their education was compromised. Both groups showed positive levels of psychosocial well-being, despite scoring low to medium on the sense of coherence scale and experiencing great stress. The participants' sense of coherence was positively correlated with their psychosocial well-being and negatively correlated with stress levels. CONCLUSIONS While the COVID-19 pandemic had negatively impacted the lives of nursing students and faculty members, most of them had a healthy level of psychosocial well-being. Having a strong sense of coherence was associated with better psychosocial health and lower stress levels. As such, it may be helpful to develop interventions aimed at improving the sense of coherence of nursing students and staff to help them manage stressors better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefaly Shorey
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Block MD11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597
| | - Emily Ang
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Block MD11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597
| | - Ns Syamikar Baridwan
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Sheila R Bonito
- College of Nursing, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Jo Leah A Flores
- College of Nursing, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | - Kayo Hirooka
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Japan
| | - Virya Koy
- Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand; Department of Hospital Services, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Wan Ling Lee
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia
| | - Chia-Chin Lin
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong; Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Charity Foundation, Hong Kong
| | - Tzu Tsun Luk
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Mohd Said Nurumal
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia
| | | | - Agus Setiawan
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Takuma Shibuki
- Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Japan
| | | | - Huy Tq
- Vietnam Nurses Association, Vietnam; Thang Long University, Vietnam
| | - Sreypeov Tun
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Puthisastra University, Cambodia
| | | | - Xinyi Xu
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Wipada Kunaviktikul
- Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Thailand; Panyapiwat Institute of Management. Thailand.
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Aymerich C, Pedruzo B, Pérez JL, Laborda M, Herrero J, Blanco J, Mancebo G, Andrés L, Estévez O, Fernandez M, Salazar de Pablo G, Catalan A, González-Torres MÁ. COVID-19 pandemic effects on health worker's mental health: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Psychiatry 2022; 65:e10. [PMID: 35060458 PMCID: PMC8828390 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (HCWs) exposed to coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) are at high risk of developing mental health concerns across several domains. The aim of this study is to determine the updated, global frequency of these outcomes. METHODS A multistep literature search was performed from database inception until March 1, 2021. PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant systematic review and PROSPERO protocol were used to identify studies reporting on depression, anxiety, acute stress, post-traumatic symptoms, insomnia, and burnout in HCWs exposed to COVID-19. A quantitative meta-analysis with random effects was conducted to analyze the proportion rate of the mental health disorders. Sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate the effect of the different continents and scales. Meta-regression analyses were conducted to examine the effect of gender, age, and work position. RESULTS 239 articles were included (n = 271,319 HCWs, mean age = 36.08 ± 8.33 (66.99% female). 33% HCWs exposed to COVID-19 reported depressive symptoms (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 28-38%), 42% anxiety features (95% CI = 35-48), 40% acute stress (95% CI = 32-47), 32% post-traumatic symptoms (95% CI = 26-37%), 42% insomnia (95% CI = 36-48), 37% burnout (95% CI = 31-42). Sensitivity analyses did not show statistically significant differences. Meta-regressions found a statistically significant lower prevalence of post-traumatic symptoms in Asia. CONCLUSIONS HCWs exposed to COVID-19 were found to have a significant prevalence of mental health concerns in all domains analyzed. The effects of COVID-19 on HCWs' mental health could be underestimated and the future consequences dismissed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Aymerich
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Borja Pedruzo
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jose Luís Pérez
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maria Laborda
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jon Herrero
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jorge Blanco
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Mancebo
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Lucía Andrés
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Olatz Estévez
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Catalan
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Neuroscience Department, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Ángel González-Torres
- Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Neuroscience Department, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
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Bapolisi A, Maurage P, Cishugi MT, Musilimu CS, Kabakuli A, Budema P, Cikomola FG, Mudekereza PS, Mubenga LE, Petit G, de Timary P. Predictors of acute stress disorder in victims of violence in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2109930. [PMID: 36016843 PMCID: PMC9397411 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2022.2109930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Democratic Republic of the Congo underwent more than 25 years of war resulting in millions of deaths and in survivants struggling with trauma related disorders. The factors contributing to acute stress disorder following a traumatic event remain little understood. Emotion regulation might play a role in the development of acute stress disorder among victims of war-related violence. Objectives: We assessed the association between acute stress disorder expression and cognitive strategies of emotion regulation among injured victims of violence in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 120 patients (77% males, mean age 30 ± 11 years) with traumatic wounds admitted at the Bukavu General Hospital. We assessed acute stress disorder through the Stanford Acute Reaction Stress Questionnaire and emotion regulation strategies through the Cognitive emotional regulation questionnaire. Results: Using Pearson Chi2 and Student t-test we found that compared with patients without acute stress disorder (N = 56), patients with acute stress disorder (N = 64) were more likely to be victims of armed robbery (p = .02), of a bullet (p = .04), of having wounds with fracture (p = .03) or neurological damage (p = .05). In multivariate logistic regression, wounds with neurological damage [OR = 2.23 (1.03-6.05)] and maladaptive emotion regulation, namely self-blame [OR = 1.71 (1.01-3.21)] and rumination [OR = 1.97 (1.04-4.13)], were significant predictors of acute stress disorder. Conclusion: Acute stress disorder was prevalent in the aftermath of violence induced injuries and might be associated with emotion regulation strategies such as self-blame and rumination. HIGHLIGHTS Acute stress disorder is strongly associated with maladaptive emotion regulation strategies such as self-blame and rumination.Interventions targeting emotion regulation may reduce acute stress reactions in the aftermath of violence induced injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Bapolisi
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Adult Psychiatry, Department and Institute of Neuroscience, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Marie-Tatiana Cishugi
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Costa Sudi Musilimu
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Alain Kabakuli
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Paul Budema
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Fabrice Gulimwentuga Cikomola
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Paterne Safari Mudekereza
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Léon-Emmanuel Mubenga
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Géraldine Petit
- Adult Psychiatry, Department and Institute of Neuroscience, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Adult Psychiatry, Department and Institute of Neuroscience, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Rousseau S, Polachek IS, Frenkel TI. A machine learning approach to identifying pregnant women's risk for persistent post-traumatic stress following childbirth. J Affect Disord 2022; 296:136-149. [PMID: 34601301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRO Recent literature identifies childbirth as a potentially traumatic event, following which mothers may develop symptoms of Post-Traumatic-Stress-Following-Childbirth (PTS-FC). Especially when persistent, PTS-FC may interfere with mothers' caregiving and associated infant development, underscoring the need for accurate predictive screening of risk. Drawing on recent developments in advanced statistical modeling, the aim of the current study was to identify a set of prenatal indicators and prediction rules that may accurately identify pregnant women's risk for developing symptoms of PTS-FC which persist throughout the early postpartum period. METHODS 182 women from the general population completed a comprehensive set of approximately 200 potentially predictive questions during pregnancy, and subsequently reported on their acute stress and PTS-FC at three days, one month, and three months postpartum (self-report and clinician-administered interview). Based on the postpartum acute stress and PTS-FC data, women were classified into profiles of "Stable-High-PTS-FC" and "Stable-Low-PTS-FC" by means of Latent-Class Analyses. Prenatal data were modeled to identify women at risk for "Stable-High PTS-FC". RESULTS Employing machine-learning decision-tree analyses, a total of 36 questions and 7 prediction-rules were selected. Based on a cost-rate of 15 versus 100 for false-negative "Stable-Low-PTS-FC" versus false-negative "Stable-High-PTS-FC", the final model showed 80.6% accuracy for "Stable-High-PTS-FC" prediction. DISCUSSION This study identifies a short set of questions and prediction rules that may be included in future large-scale validation studies aimed at developing and validating a brief PTS-FC screening instrument that could be implemented in general population prenatal healthcare practice. Accurate screening would allow for selective administering of preventive interventions towards women at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Rousseau
- Ziama Arkin Infancy Institute, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Hanadiv 71, 1st floor, Herzliya 46485, Israel; Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, HaUniversity 8, Herzliya 4610101, Israel
| | - Inbal Shlomi Polachek
- Be'er Ya'akov Medical Center, Israel; Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tahl I Frenkel
- Ziama Arkin Infancy Institute, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Hanadiv 71, 1st floor, Herzliya 46485, Israel; Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, HaUniversity 8, Herzliya 4610101, Israel.
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Geoffrion S, Goncalves J, Robichaud I, Sader J, Giguère CÉ, Fortin M, Lamothe J, Bernard P, Guay S. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Acute Stress Disorder: Rates Following Different Types of Traumatic Events. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2022; 23:213-223. [PMID: 32588756 DOI: 10.1177/1524838020933844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Studies investigating rates of acute stress disorder following exposure to a traumatic event report widely varying results, even when examining the same types of traumatic events. The first purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to describe rates of acute stress disorder following five different types of traumatic events. The second goal was to assess the methodological and trauma-related factors influencing these rates. Between May 2017 and October 2019, studies were identified by searching through the PsychINFO, PubMed/Medline, OVID, CINAHL, Scopus, and PILOTS databases. Records were included if (1) participants were 16 years old and over, (2) the assessment was completed within 30 days of the event, (3) a standardized assessment instrument was utilized, (4) the type of traumatic event was specified, and (5) the acute stress disorder rate was reported. The list of traumatic events used for the search strategy was based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and was complemented by those listed in the Life Events Checklist and the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Seventy-three samples from 70 studies totaling 20,065 participants met inclusion criteria. Results revealed that rates of acute stress disorder ranged from 14.1% for war-related trauma to 36.0% for interpersonal trauma. Interpersonal trauma was significantly more likely to lead to acute stress disorder than other types of events, except for disaster-related trauma. Differing assessment instruments, types of exposure and geographical locations, and the intentional nature of certain events contributed to heterogeneity in rates within each type of traumatic event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Geoffrion
- Trauma Studies Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jane Goncalves
- Trauma Studies Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Robichaud
- Trauma Studies Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Josette Sader
- Trauma Studies Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Maxime Fortin
- Trauma Studies Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Josianne Lamothe
- Trauma Studies Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Criminology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paquito Bernard
- Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Guay
- Trauma Studies Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Criminology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Bapolisi A, Maurage P, Rubambura RB, Tumaini HM, Baguma M, Cikomola C, Maheshe G, Bisimwa G, Petit G, de Timary P. Psychopathological states among Congolese health workers during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic: links with emotion regulation and social support. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2101346. [PMID: 35936869 PMCID: PMC9351560 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2022.2101346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented stressor for frontline healthcare workers, notably increasing acute stress disorder and depression rates. Emotion regulation and social support could be major protective factors against such psychopathological states, but their role has not been explored outside Western contexts. Objective: To assess the association between emotion regulation, social support, acute stress disorder, and depression among healthcare workers directly confronted with the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Method: A cross-sectional study assessed acute stress disorder, depression, adaptive (i.e. acceptance, positive refocusing, …) and maladaptive (i.e. self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing, …) emotion regulation strategies, social support (instrumental, emotional, and informational levels), as well as self-reported situations and feelings related to COVID-19, in a population of 252 frontline healthcare workers (121 women; 131 men; mean age: 39 ± 11 years old) at the Referral General Hospital of Bukavu. We also explored the relations between these variables through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Forty percent of participants presented symptoms of depression, and 16% presented acute stress disorder. In bivariate logistic regression, these psychiatric outcomes were associated with the availability of a COVID-19 protection kit [OR = 0.24 (0.12-0.98)], hostility toward health workers [OR = 3.21 (1.23-4.21)], putting into perspective [OR = 0.91 (0.43-0.98)], self-blame [OR = 1.44 (1.11-2.39)], catastrophizing [OR = 1.85 (1.01-4.28)], blaming others [OR = 1.77 (1.04-3.32)], emotional support [OR = 0.83 (0.49-0.98)], instrumental support [OR = 0.74 (0.28-0.94)], and informational support [OR = 0.73 (0.43-0.98)]. In multivariate logistic regression, hostility [OR = 2.21 (1.54-3.78)], self-blame [OR = 1.57 (1.02-2.11)], rumination [OR = 1.49 (1.11-3.13)] and emotional support [OR = 0.94 (0.65-0.98)] remained significantly associated with psychiatric outcomes. Conclusion: Depression and acute stress disorder were highly prevalent among Congolese healthcare workers during the first wave of the COVID-19 health pandemic. Hostility, self-blame, rumination, and social support were associated with depression and/or acute stress disorder and should be targeted by interventions aiming to support health workers' wellbeing. HIGHLIGHTS Frontline health workers presented high prevalence of acute stress disorder (16%) and depression (40%) during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, as they were working in hostile environment without enough protection kits.Acute stress disorder and depression were negatively associated with adaptive emotion regulation and social support; and positively with maladaptive emotion regulation.Intervention aiming to support health workers in pandemics should target emotion regulation and social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Bapolisi
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Adult Psychiatry, Department and Institute of Neuroscience, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Rebecca Bora Rubambura
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Hubert Mukunda Tumaini
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Marius Baguma
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Center for Tropical Diseases and Global Health (CTDGH), Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Cirhuza Cikomola
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ghislain Maheshe
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ghislain Bisimwa
- Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Ecole régionale de santé publique, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Géraldine Petit
- Adult Psychiatry, Department and Institute of Neuroscience, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Adult Psychiatry, Department and Institute of Neuroscience, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Acute Stress in Health Workers during Two Consecutive Epidemic Waves of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010206. [PMID: 35010465 PMCID: PMC8751091 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has provoked generalized uncertainty around the world, with health workers experiencing anxiety, depression, burnout, insomnia, and stress. Although the effects of the pandemic on mental health may change as it evolves, the majority of reports have been web-based, cross-sectional studies. We performed a study assessing acute stress in frontline health workers during two consecutive epidemic waves. After screening for trait anxiety/depression and dissociative experiences, we evaluated changes in acute stress, considering resilience, state anxiety, burnout, depersonalization/derealization symptoms, and quality of sleep as cofactors. During the first epidemic wave (April 2020), health workers reported acute stress related to COVID-19, which was related to state anxiety. After the first epidemic wave, acute stress decreased, with no increase during the second epidemic wave (December 2020), and further decreased when vaccination started. During the follow-up (April 2020 to February 2021), the acute stress score was related to bad quality of sleep. However, acute stress, state anxiety, and burnout were all related to trait anxiety/depression, while the resilience score was invariant through time. Overall, the results emphasize the relevance of mental health screening before, during, and after an epidemic wave of infections, in order to enable coping during successive sanitary crises.
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43
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Zhou T, Guan R, Rosenthal SL, Moerdler S, Guan Z, Sun L. Supporting Health-Care Workers and Patients in Quarantine Wards: Evidence From a Survey of Frontline Health-Care Workers and Inpatients With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Front Public Health 2021; 9:705354. [PMID: 34733814 PMCID: PMC8558351 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.705354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Frontline health-care workers and patients with COVID-19 have been identified as high-risk groups for psychological problems. Experience of working or staying in quarantine wards generated psychological stressors for health-care workers and patients with COVID-19. The present study aimed to investigate the psychological symptoms of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and the health-care workers treating them during the outbreak period, examine the effects of psychological stressors on mental health in both populations and perceived coping resources for both sides. Methods: Three hundred and eleven health-care workers working in a COVID-19 designated hospital in Wuhan, China, and 148 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in the same hospital participated in this cross-sectional survey conducted in February 2020. Psychological symptoms, psychological stressors, and perceived coping resources were reported by both groups. Results: Thirty-three percent of health-care workers and 35.2% of patients with COVID-19 had significant psychological symptoms that were indicative of a high risk for psychological disorders. Pandemic-related psychological stressors contributed to psychological symptoms for both populations. Concern about patients was one aspect of psychological stressors of frontline health-care workers and both groups perceived support from the opposite side as an important external coping resource. Conclusion: The results shed light on the need to provide psychological support to both frontline health-care workers and patients with COVID-19 and suggest enhancing the treatment alliance might be effective to improve mental health for both populations during the crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyuan Guan
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Susan L Rosenthal
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center-Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott Moerdler
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Ziqi Guan
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Liqun Sun
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Ugas MA, Samoil D, Avery L, Berlin A, Giuliani ME, Papadakos TJ, Quartey NKL, Papadakos JK. COVID-19 and patients with cancer: Investigating treatment impact, information sources, and COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Cancer 2021; 128:746-761. [PMID: 34705287 PMCID: PMC8653138 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused enormous strain on public health. Patients with cancer are particularly susceptible to the disease, and their treatment plans have been threatened by public health restrictions designed to contain the spread. METHODS This study examined the effects of the pandemic on cancer patients' psychology, knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning COVID-19 as well as their perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 on their cancer health care services. A survey was sent to 5800 patients at a cancer center in Toronto, Canada. Descriptive results were summarized. Qualitative feedback was coded and summarized. To examine for potential associations, regression models were tested for the outcomes of patient psychological well-being, knowledge, attitudes, and practices, and they accounted for several demographic, health literacy, and disease variables. RESULTS A total of 1631 surveys were completed. Most patients saw their appointments shifted to virtual visits, and for a substantial minority, there was no change. A majority of the patients (62%) expressed fears about contracting the virus. There were no independent predictors of COVID-19-related knowledge. Fears were more pronounced among patients who did not speak English and those who used social media more often. Female participants, those who scored higher on knowledge questions, and those who used cancer center materials were more likely to take preventative measures against infection. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a snapshot of the state of cancer patient treatment and the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of patients between the first 2 waves of the pandemic. The study's results can inform our understanding of adaptation to conditions during and after the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Ugas
- Cancer Health Literacy Research Centre, Cancer Education, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diana Samoil
- Cancer Health Literacy Research Centre, Cancer Education, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Avery
- Biostatistics Department, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alejandro Berlin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meredith E Giuliani
- Cancer Health Literacy Research Centre, Cancer Education, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tina J Papadakos
- Cancer Health Literacy Research Centre, Cancer Education, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Patient Education, Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Naa Kwarley Linda Quartey
- Cancer Health Literacy Research Centre, Cancer Education, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janet K Papadakos
- Cancer Health Literacy Research Centre, Cancer Education, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Patient Education, Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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45
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Rousseau S, Katz D, Shlomi-Polachek I, Frenkel TI. Prospective risk from prenatal anxiety to post traumatic stress following childbirth: The mediating effects of acute stress assessed during the postnatal hospital stay and preliminary evidence for moderating effects of doula care. Midwifery 2021; 103:103143. [PMID: 34610495 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2021.103143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Growing literature has identified childbirth as a potentially traumatic event, following which mothers may develop symptoms of Post-Traumatic-Stress-Following-Childbirth. The current study is the first to prospectively examine a pathway of risk from mothers' prenatal trait-anxiety, to Acute-Stress-Immediately-Following-Childbirth, and later symptoms of Post-Traumatic-Stress-Following-Childbirth, in a low-risk community sample. Auxiliary analyses explored whether doula care during childbirth moderated risk. METHOD 149 pregnant women were randomly selected. Prenatal trait-anxiety was assessed toward the end of pregnancy, Acute-Stress-Immediately-Following-Childbirth at two-days post-partum, and symptoms of Post-Traumatic-Stress-Following-Childbirth at one-month post-partum. RESULTS Results indicated a significant indirect pathway from prenatal trait-anxiety to Post-Traumatic-Stress-Following-Childbirth, through Acute-Stress-Immediately-Following-Childbirth. Two groups were generated ad hoc for auxiliary analyses: participants who opted to receive doula care during childbirth (n=21; 14%) versus participants who received care as usual (n=128; 86%). Analyses provided preliminary support for doula care as a potential moderator of risk. CONCLUSIONS Results point toward prenatal trait-anxiety and Acute-Stress-Immediately-Following-Childbirth as significant risk factors for Post-Traumatic-Stress-Following-Childbirth. Findings inform preventive screening implicating the prenatal period as well as the postnatal hospital stay as important time windows for preventive screening. Finally, preliminary support for moderating effects of doula care suggest that preventive interventions administered during the perinatal period may effectively reduce anxiety-related risk for Post-Traumatic-Stress-Following-Childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Rousseau
- Ziama Arkin Infancy Institute, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Hanadiv Street 71, Herzliya, Israel; Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), HaUniversita 8, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Danielle Katz
- Ziama Arkin Infancy Institute, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Hanadiv Street 71, Herzliya, Israel; Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), HaUniversita 8, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Inbal Shlomi-Polachek
- Be'er Ya'akov Medical Center, Be'er Ya'akov, Israel; Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tahl I Frenkel
- Ziama Arkin Infancy Institute, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Hanadiv Street 71, Herzliya, Israel; Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), HaUniversita 8, Herzliya, Israel.
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46
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Sleep Habits during COVID-19 Confinement: An Exploratory Analysis from Portugal. INFORMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/informatics8030051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic consequences are tragic, and many problems will persist after the health problem ends. Some studies have focused on mental health issues, reporting worrying percentages. It is known that there is a bidirectional relationship between mental health and sleep quality, and it would be expected that sleep would be affected by the pandemic. In order to know the Portuguese people’s habits before and during the confinement, we carried out a survey of 188 people aged 13 to 84 (38 ± 15) to find out the most frequent sleep patterns, habits and disorders before and during confinement. With this survey it was also intended to measure the most frequent changes in sleep patterns, habits, and disturbances on the general population and according to demographic data (gender, age group and professional status), sleep disorders arise, perceptions about sleep during confinement and if Portuguese think that in the future the sleep patterns will be the pre or during outbreak. Results indicate that, comparing before and during confinement, there is a slight correlation between gender and sleep disorders (before vs. during), a correlation between age group and professional status time to wake up, and between professional status and sleep disorders, and a strong correlation between the professional situation and changes in the invigorated feeling level (p < 0.001). Support for mental health and interventions to improve sleep quality should be offered to the population in general, and, according to our study, the Portuguese population.
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47
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Högbeck I, Möller A. Female sexual function six months after sexual assault: post-traumatic stress disorder strongest risk factor for impaired function. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2021; 48:112-120. [PMID: 34338163 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2021.1958964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the effect of sexual assault on sexual function in adult women. Participants consisted of 136 women recruited from the Emergency Clinic for Rape Victims in Stockholm. Seventy-three women returned for follow-up six months after the assault and completed the Female Sexual Function Index, assessing their current sexual function compared to that before the assault. A majority (44/73) reported impaired function, which was associated with a simultaneous diagnosis of PTSD (OR 5.7; 95% CI 1.7-19.1, p = .005) or moderate-severe depressive symptoms (OR 4.6; 95% CI 1.6-13.7, p = .006). 27% of women reported improved function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Högbeck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stockholm South General Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Möller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stockholm South General Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
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48
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Anchan J, Jones S, Aden J, Ditch S, Fagiana A, Blauvelt D, Gallup MC, Carr N. A different kind of battle: the effects of NICU admission on military parent mental health. J Perinatol 2021; 41:2038-2047. [PMID: 33850280 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-021-00994-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of mental health symptoms in military families after prolonged NICU admission. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study of military-affiliated NICU parents participating in serial electronic surveys, which included validated screening tools for acute stress (ASD), post-traumatic stress (PTSD), and depression disorders. RESULTS Among 106 military parents surveyed after NICU admission, 24.5% screened positive for ASD and 28.3% for depression. 77 (72.6%) parents continued participation beyond discharge, with 7.8% screening positive for PTSD and 15.6% for late depression. Positive ASD correlated with later symptoms of PTSD (OR 8.4 [2.4-30]) and early depression with both PTSD symptoms (OR 5.7 [1.7-18.8]) and late depression (OR 8.4 [2.4-30]) after discharge. Secondary analysis determined these findings were independent of deployment and other military related factors. CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential mental health burden experienced by military-affiliated NICU parents. Early ASD and depression screening may identify parents at risk for mental health symptoms after discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Anchan
- Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA. .,Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Shallimar Jones
- Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jay Aden
- Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah Ditch
- Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA.,Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Donia Blauvelt
- Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA.,Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Carr
- Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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49
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Zhang L, Qi H, Wang L, Wang F, Huang J, Li F, Zhang Z. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute stress disorder and career planning among healthcare students. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2021; 30:907-916. [PMID: 34002465 PMCID: PMC8242478 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on the prevalence of acute stress disorder and subsequent effects on career planning among healthcare students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1158 healthcare students across five medical universities in February 2020. Acute stress disorder was assessed using the Stanford Acute Stress Response Questionnaire. Further data regarding COVID-19 knowledge, individual behaviours, occupational choices, and career planning were collected. Based on the results of the Stanford Acute Stress Response Questionnaire, the students were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups for acute stress disorder. The correlation between acute stress disorder and the impact on career planning was analysed. The high-risk group comprised 143 (12.3%) participants, while 1015 (87.7%) participants were in the low-risk group. Two factors increased the risk of acute stress disorder in the students, including 'I think the pandemic is far away from me' (B: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.60-7.87) and 'Physical contact with confirmed or suspected cases' (B: 2.49, 95%CI: 3.42-42.44). Those who obtained pandemic information from official media sources indicated a lower risk of acute stress disorder (B: -0.24, 95%CI: 0.49-1.26). The high-risk group was more likely to quit the medical profession after graduation. The COVID-19 pandemic may cause acute stress disorder among healthcare students and affect their career planning. Universities and relevant departments should provide more information and moral support for these students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Longqiong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fulan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feifei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Chongqing Nursing Vocational College, Chongqing, China
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50
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Maffly-Kipp J, Flanagan P, Kim J, Rivera G, Friedman MD, Vess M, Hicks JA. Meaning-Making, Psychological Distress, and the Experience of Meaning in Life Following a Natural Disaster. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550620942688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of meaning-making in response to collective trauma. In the aftermath of Hurricane Harvey, we recruited participants ( N = 570) to test the hypothesis that searching for meaning (vs. finding meaning) in the event would be associated with greater (vs. lower) levels of acute and post-traumatic stress symptoms. We further hypothesized that searching for (and finding) meaning in the event would predict global search for (and presence of) meaning in life (MIL). Consistent with our hypotheses, we found that searching for meaning in the event was associated with greater psychological distress at both time points and predicted global search for MIL at one of the time points. Finding meaning in the event was unexpectedly not consistently associated with lower levels of stress; however, across analyses, finding meaning in Hurricane Harvey was associated with greater levels of MIL. Implications and possible explanations for these unexpected results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Maffly-Kipp
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Patricia Flanagan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jinhyung Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Grace Rivera
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matthew D. Friedman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Vess
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Joshua A. Hicks
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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