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Han SS, Zhang YS, Zhu W, Ye YP, Li YX, Meng SQ, Feng S, Li H, Cui ZL, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Wang GX, Lou H, Li B, Xu CY. Status and epidemiological characteristics of depression and anxiety among Chinese university students in 2023. BMC Public Health 2025; 25:1189. [PMID: 40155930 PMCID: PMC11954289 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-025-22443-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to understand the status of depression and anxiety among Chinese university students through epidemiological investigation of a large sample size and provide a foundation for identifying individuals at risk of psychological crisis and developing targeted intervention strategies. METHODS Survey participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling approach, which incorporated elements of stratification and cluster sampling. The main participants consisted of 49,717 university students from 106 Chinese universities. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess depression and anxiety levels retrospectively. RESULTS Of the 49,717 questionnaires collected, 41,620 were deemed valid after a rigorous data cleaning process, resulting in a validity rate of 83.7%. Among the respondents, 58.6% were female. The detection rates for depression, anxiety, and comorbidity of depression and anxiety among the students were 9.8%, 15.5%, and 6.5%, respectively. The detection rate of depression varied across different grades (V = 0.119) and locations of universities (V = 0.117). There were great differences in the detection rate of depression and anxiety symptoms among university students in terms of physical health (including self-rated health and vision) and health behaviors (including sleep, smoking and drinking), and physical health and healthy behaviors were important factors in the detection rate of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students. CONCLUSION Psychological health issues among Chinese university students are relatively severe, with higher grade students exhibiting particularly concerning signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Han
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yang-Sheng Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yu-Peng Ye
- School of physical education, Jing-gang-shan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Ya-Xing Li
- Physical Education College, Shangqiu University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Shu-Qiao Meng
- Department of Physical Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710126, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Feng
- College of Physical Education, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 710126 , Henan, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Physical Education, Ordos Institute of Applied Technology, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Zhong-Lei Cui
- Physical Education College of Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Institute of Sports and Health, Zhengzhou Shengda University, Zhengzhou, 451191, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guang-Xu Wang
- College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Hu Lou
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Bo Li
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
| | - Chuan-Yi Xu
- Sports department, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530022, China.
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Arthur AN, Fraikue J, Adu-Amankwah B, Ofori R, Sekyi D, Boateng AA, Asamoah E, Appiah SCY. Exploring the relationship between mental health issues and academic performance of undergraduate students in a Ghanaian tertiary institution: a cross-sectional study. DISCOVER MENTAL HEALTH 2025; 5:6. [PMID: 39836285 PMCID: PMC11751277 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-025-00130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health associations with students' academic outcomes are critical for students' well-being and excellent performance, particularly among tertiary students in their educational trajectory. This study investigated the relationship between mental health incidence and academic performance among university students in a public university in Ghana. Additionally, we study students' level of mental health awareness. METHODS The study adopted a quantitative study with an analytical cross-sectional design. Through the multistage sampling technique, structured questionnaires were administered to 384 undergraduate students at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST). Data management and analysis were performed using SPSS v.27. Descriptive data are presented in tables and reported as frequencies. Inferential analysis was conducted using a multilevel logistic regression model and a p-value of 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS Severe depression (p = 0.016, ϰ2 = 0.784) was significantly associated with students' academic performance. Severe anxiety (p = 0.020, ϰ2 = 11.700), gender (p = 0.014, ϰ2 = 5.999) and self-efficacy (p = 0.015, ϰ2 = 5.939), were found to have a statistically significant association with academic performance (p < 0.05). According the multilevel analysis, females experiencing mental health had reduced likelihood of achieving high academic performance compared to male students (AOR = 0.343, 95% CI 0.144-0.813, p = 0.015). Severely depressed students (AOR = 0.264, 95% CI 0.084-0.830, p = 0.23) are significantly less likely to increase their Cumulative Weighted Average (CWA). Self-efficacious students (AOR = 3.325, 95% CI 1.421-7.784, p = 0.06) were three times more likely to increase their CWA. CONCLUSION Severe depression causes a reduction in students' academic performance, while high academic self-efficacy among students serves as a protective factor by facilitating an increase in students' CWA when they encounter mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Nketsia Arthur
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | - Joanne Fraikue
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Bijoux Adu-Amankwah
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Richard Ofori
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Dorcas Sekyi
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Abena Afrakomah Boateng
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Elsie Asamoah
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Horne MJ, Allbright M, Galbraith DA, Patel A. Emotional Intelligence in Medicine: An Investigation of the Significance for Physicians, Residents, and Medical Students - A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2024; 81:103307. [PMID: 39471567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2024.103307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 11/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physicians, residents, and medical students consistently report higher levels of stress, anxiety, depression, burnout, and suicide compared to the general population. Emotional intelligence is a trait 1 possesses that has been shown to have associations with aspects of mental health specifically in the medical field. It has also been studied in business literature demonstrating multiple performance benefits. The purpose of this review is to investigate the relationship of emotional intelligence and mental health and well-being, clinical performance, and academic success with physicians, residents, and medical students. METHODS A systematic review was conducted of studies investigating the associations of emotional intelligence on physicians, residents, or medical students between 2013 and 2023. Studies investigating the association of empathy within the study population were also included. Studies must have used a validated measure or reported a reliable method of measuring emotional intelligence or empathy. RESULTS Thirty-nine articles were included. The trait emotional intelligence questionnaire short form was the most frequently used assessment tool (28%). Mental health and well-being was the most common study outcome (67%). Twenty articles reported lower levels of burnout in those with higher emotional intelligence levels. (p < 0.05). Other protective associations of emotional intelligence included decreased levels of anxiety, stress, and depression (p < 0.05). Emotional intelligence was associated with multiple clinical performance metrics including patient satisfaction, perceived communication ratings, patient information recall, and improved decision making under operational stress (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Emotional intelligence has beneficial associations for physicians at all levels of training. Those entering with higher levels of emotional intelligence may be better suited to handle the psychological effects described within the healthcare field. Emotional intelligence can also be improved through training. Using emotional intelligence as part of a holistic screening process may help predict and enhance the success of doctors, residents, and medical students, which can contribute to improving the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason J Horne
- Albany Medical College, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
| | | | | | - Ashit Patel
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina.
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Dodin Y, Obeidat N, Dodein R, Seetan K, Alajjawe S, Awwad M, Adwan M, Alhawari A, ALkatari A, Alqadasi AAL, Alsheyab G. Mental health and lifestyle-related behaviors in medical students in a Jordanian University, and variations by clerkship status. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:1283. [PMID: 39521969 PMCID: PMC11549786 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-06273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rigors of medical education often take a toll on students' mental well-being, resulting in heightened stress, anxiety, depression, somatization, and thoughts of self-harm. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mental health problems among Jordanian medical students (Yarmouk University), explore the links between mental state and demographic and lifestyle factors, and compare mental health profiles between pre-clinical/pre-clerkship (years 1-3) and clinical/clerkship (years 4-6) students. METHODS An online survey was distributed to undergraduate medical students at Yarmouk University. Mental health was measured using validated tools (depression: Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9; eating disorders: SCOFF; Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, GAD-7; Somatic Symptoms: Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-15; overall stress (single-item measure); ability to handle stress; stressors and coping mechanisms. Data on sociodemographic factors, academic performance, and lifestyle choices, also were collected. Bivariate and multivariable analyses evaluated the associations between academic level and mental health, accounting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS Of the 618 medical students who responded, 48.4% screened positive for depression, 36.7% for anxiety, and 63.6% for high level of stress. Slightly over half experienced somatic symptoms, and 28.6% exhibited signs of eating disorders. Roughly, 26% had suicidal thoughts, as measured by item 9 of the PHQ-9 scale. Low reported rates of healthy behaviors were observed (e.g. balanced diets, 5.7%; vigorous physical activity, 17.0%). Smoking prevalence was 24.6%, notably higher among clinical students. At the multivariable level, stress, insomnia, eating disorders and cigarette smoking were significantly associated with depression, anxiety and somatization. Higher physical activity scores were associated with lower depression risk. Females were significantly more likely than males to fall in more severe somatization categories. CONCLUSION This study highlights the need to address the alarming rates of mental health problems among Jordanian medical students. While few significant differences were observed between pre-clinical and clinical students, the high rates of depression, anxiety, stress, and negative health practices in both groups suggest the need for interventions that begin at enrollment as well as during transitions to clinical settings. Prioritizing mental health support and promoting healthier lifestyles among medical students are vital steps toward nurturing resilient, well-rounded future medical professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen Dodin
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, 11941, Jordan.
| | - Nour Obeidat
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, 11941, Jordan
| | - Razan Dodein
- Department of Dermatology, St. George's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khaled Seetan
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Manar Awwad
- Medical Student, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Majd Adwan
- Medical Student, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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Alahiane L, Ikrou A, Ventriglio A, Essaffani H, Zaam Y, Abouqal R, Belayachi J. Psychological distress among nurses: Exploring the role of support in the work-place in Morocco. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024:207640241294200. [PMID: 39485077 DOI: 10.1177/00207640241294200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to assess the psychological distress, specifically anxiety and depression, among nurses employed at University Hospital Center of Rabat in Morocco and tested the associations between support in the workplace and nurses' psychological well-being. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at University Hospital Center of Rabat in Morocco, based on a prospective data collection employing an ad-hoc self-report questionnaire. 223 nurses were enrolled with a minimum of 1 year of practice in any care unit. Socio-demographic and professional characteristics of each participant were included. A validated tool was utilized to measure the support from superiors and colleagues in the workplace, while the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was employed to evaluate anxiety and depression. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between different independent and dependent variables. RESULTS Significant socio-demographic and professional factors associated with increased anxiety included female gender, age over 41 years old, Baccalaureate level of education, intention to leave the hospital, and less support from superiors. Regarding the levels of depression, the Baccalaureate level of education was significantly associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms (β 2.444; CI [1.203, 3.686]). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that ensuring support from superiors was crucial for safeguarding the psychological well-being of nurses. Therefore, hospital managers should prioritize addressing the workplace support for professionals, and the organizational enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Alahiane
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical, and Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
- Department of Nursing and Health Techniques, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ali Ikrou
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical, and Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Hicham Essaffani
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical, and Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
- Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Redouane Abouqal
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical, and Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
- Acute Medical Unit, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Jihane Belayachi
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical, and Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
- Acute Medical Unit, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
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Obilade TT, Koleoso PO, Nwenendah-Mpi EW. An investigative study on the causes of depression and the coping strategies among clinical medical students in private universities in North Central Nigeria. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:726. [PMID: 39443895 PMCID: PMC11515504 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is among known mental health conditions and students in schools of medicine are not immune to it. In this investigative study, 211 clinical medical students of two private universities from North-Central Nigeria were examined on depression prevalence, the contributory factors and their coping strategies. METHODS The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), the Medical Student's Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ) and identified coping strategies according to Coping Oriented to Problems Experienced Inventory (COPE) were instruments of data collection. RESULTS The results were obtained by both descriptive analysis and test of association between some categorical variables. The depression prevalence amongst the participants was 159 (75.4%). Females (124 (78.0%)) were more depressed than males (35 (22.0%)). Factors identified as contributing to depression were the heavy academic workload (124 (78.5%)), insufficient family time (93 (58.1%)) and financial constraints (54 (34.0%)). The most utilized method of coping with their stress was engaging on social media (133 (84.2%)), followed by talking with relatives or friends (99 (62.7%)) and use of recreational drugs (20 (12.8%)). The findings from this study have shown that more than three-quarters of the respondents suffered from varying degrees of depression from mild, 63 (29.9%), moderate, 53 (25.1%) to severe, 43 (20.4%). CONCLUSIONS The heavy academic workload was a major source of depression. Colleges of Medicine should take pro-active steps towards their students' mental health and academic workload should be well spaced to reduce the stress imposed by the frequency of examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titilola T Obilade
- Department of Community Medicine, Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Peter O Koleoso
- Department of Computer Science, Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Andargeery SY. The perception and association between depression and academic stress among female undergraduate nursing students: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1414469. [PMID: 38957210 PMCID: PMC11217312 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1414469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Academic demands and stressors put nursing students at increasing risk of depression. The aims of the study examine the perceived level of depression and academic stress and investigate the association between these variables among nursing students in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional design was used in this study. Data was collected using depression subscale from DASS-21 scale and the Academic Stress Inventory scale. Results A total of 237 students participated in the study. Nursing students perceived normal to mild levels of depression. Students perceived moderate levels of academic stress in all subscales, except for time management and test stress which were high. All academic stress subscales had a positive statistically significant correlation with depression. The regression model explains 49.0% of the variance in the depression scale and indicated that the main significant predictor of depression is studying in group stress, followed by self-inflected stress, study year, and sleep problem. The mean score of depression for first year students was significantly different than students in other study years. Discussion Nurse educators should facilitate group formation and teach students about time-management, problem-solving, negotiation, and coping strategies to deal with academic expectations and demanding situations. Understanding the causes, limiting the exposure to negative influences, and seeking support as needed are important. To enhance the quality of sleep, students should maintain a consistent sleep schedule, while avoiding stimulating activities before bedtime. Future research should focus on a longitudinal study and other variables such as quality of life, satisfaction with the quality of teaching, and support from others.
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Fentahun S, Takelle GM, Rtbey G, Andualem F, Tinsae T, Nakie G, Melkam M, Tadesse G. Prevalence of depression and its associated factors among Ethiopian students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e076580. [PMID: 38834322 PMCID: PMC11163678 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to estimate the overall pooled prevalence of depression and its associated factors among high school, college and university students in Ethiopia. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Direct, African Journal Online and Google Scholar. The primary articles were searched from 2 April 2023 to 11 May 2023. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Observational studies such as cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies that reported the prevalence and associated factors of depression among students in Ethiopia were included. Both published and unpublished primary studies were included in this review. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two authors independently extracted all the important data using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and exported it to Stata V.14 for analysis. The statistical heterogeneity among the included articles was assessed by the I2 statistics test. Publication bias was checked using the funnel plot and Egger's regression test. RESULTS A total of 17 primary studies with 8798 study participants were included in the current study to estimate the combined prevalence of depression. The pooled prevalence of depression among Ethiopian students was 35.52% with a 95% CI (30.54% to 40.51%). Subgroup analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of depression was higher in Addis Ababa, which was 40.43%, with a 95% CI (28.02% to 52.83%). Female sex, first-year educational level, family history of mental illness, alcohol drinking and parental neglect were significantly associated with depression in this study. CONCLUSION In this review, the overall pooled prevalence of depression among students in Ethiopia was high compared with the general population. Therefore, it is necessary to make more efforts to provide mental healthcare and psychosocial support to students to improve their mental health and decrease the overall burden of depression. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023424301.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setegn Fentahun
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Girmaw Medfu Takelle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gidey Rtbey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fantahun Andualem
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Techilo Tinsae
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Girum Nakie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mamaru Melkam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gebresilassie Tadesse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Nkyi AK, Ninnoni JPK. Purpose in life, loneliness and depression among patients with substance use disorders in the psychiatric hospitals in Ghana. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299391. [PMID: 38635509 PMCID: PMC11025759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Substance use disorder is a global mental health issue. Purpose in life, Loneliness and depression are key indicators of poor mental health, and people with substance use disorder are more likely to experience low purpose in life, depression, and loneliness. This study aims to further the understanding of purpose in life, depression and loneliness among substance use disorders (SUD) patients in three hospitals in Ghana. It uses a cross-sectional survey design. A total of 425 SUD inpatients were screened. Beck Depression Inventory-II, the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the Purpose in Life Test were utilised to measure depression, loneliness, and purpose in life respectively. Data were analysed using the SPSS version 23 for Windows. Data from 378 participants were collected for this study using a cross sectional survey design; after data cleaning, frequency tables (for categorical variables) and descriptive statistics (for continuous variables) were used to summarise the demographics and the three outcome variables depression, purpose in life, and loneliness. Our findings indicate that overall, participants are more likely to experience low sense of purpose in life, depression, and loneliness compared to the general population. There was no statistically significant relationship between depression and loneliness (r = 0.030, p = 0.567). There was a statistically significant negative relationship between depression and purpose in life (r = -0.514, p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant positive relationship between purpose in life and loneliness (r = 0.147, p = 0.004). There was no gender difference in depression, purpose in life, and loneliness among SUDs patients in psychiatric hospitals. There were no significant differences in purpose in life, depression and loneliness based on marital status. It is anticipated that the findings of this study will inform policies and clinical practice regarding service provision for patients with SUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Kwabena Nkyi
- Department of Guidance and Counselling, Faculty of Educational Foundation, College of Education Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Jerry Paul K. Ninnoni
- Department of Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Ngoc NB, Tuan NV. Stress among nursing students in Vietnam: Prevalence and associated factors. Int Nurs Rev 2024; 71:28-34. [PMID: 36696254 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM To describe stress and analyze its associated factors among nursing students. INTRODUCTION Stress is a common mental health problem among medical students, especially nursing students. Therefore, understanding stress and its associated factors is necessary to improve stress in students. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 nursing students using the stratified sampling method. This study used questionnaires such as demographic form, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, and the Stressors in Nursing Students scale. The STROBE checklist was used for reporting this study. RESULTS Results showed that nearly half of the nursing students were stressed at various levels. Students experienced stress the most due to financial stressors, followed by education, clinical, and confidence stressors. Most of the factors in the four groups-clinical, education, confidence, and finance-increased the risk of stress in nursing students. There was a close relationship between personal problems other than health and the students' risk of stress (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that stress in nursing students was at a high level. Determining the prevalence and associated factors of stress in nursing students will help schools, families, and society take measures to reduce stress among students. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY Educational administrators need to develop policies to support nursing students, such as reviewing the academic load of nursing students, improving the design of curricula, and supporting finance for students with difficult situations. Support services should be organized and make it easier for students to access mental health counseling services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Bich Ngoc
- Faculty of Nursing, Hai Phong Medical College, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Tuan
- Dean of the Psychiatry Department, Hanoi Medical University, and a Director of National Institute of Mental Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Levante A, Quarta S, Massaro M, Calabriso N, Carluccio M, Damiano F, Pollice F, Siculella L, Lecciso F. Physical activity habits prevent psychological distress in female academic students: The multiple mediating role of physical and psychosocial parameters. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26626. [PMID: 38420440 PMCID: PMC10901019 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psychological distress is recognised as the most common mental health difficulty in emerging adult (18-to-24-year-old) female academic students. This study aimed to test a novel model positing physical activity habits as a protective factor for psychological distress through the mediating role of physical and psychological parameters. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and self-reported physical health status were included as physical parameters. Self-reported psychological health status and time spent on leisure activities were the psychological parameters considered. Method Data were collected between April and May 2021. Correlation analyses and a multiple mediation model were computed on 411 online questionnaires filled out by 18-to-24-year-old female students from the University of blind (Italy). Results The multiple indirect effects were significant (β = -0.088; p < 0.001). This means that physical activity habits reduce psychological distress through high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, a good self-assessment of one's physical and psychological health status, and more time spent on leisure activities outdoors, with friends, and with family members. Conclusions Results show that academic policies should be adopted so as to design physical activity programmes that may improve the students' healthy behaviours and social interactions, which, in turn, mitigate the detrimental effects of psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Levante
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Via di Valesio, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Lab of Applied Psychology, Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Via di Valesio, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - S. Quarta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - M. Massaro
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - N. Calabriso
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - M.A. Carluccio
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - F. Damiano
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - F. Pollice
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Via di Valesio, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - L. Siculella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - F. Lecciso
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Via di Valesio, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Lab of Applied Psychology, Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Salento, Via di Valesio, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Muhammad Khir S, Wan Mohd Yunus WMA, Mahmud N, Wang R, Panatik SA, Mohd Sukor MS, Nordin NA. Efficacy of Progressive Muscle Relaxation in Adults for Stress, Anxiety, and Depression: A Systematic Review. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:345-365. [PMID: 38322293 PMCID: PMC10844009 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s437277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The rise in the prevalence of mental health problems among adults worldwide has raised concerns, highlighting the critical need for evidence-based mental health interventions that are accessible, comprehensive, and effective. Previous research suggests that Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) is a promising intervention widely used to reduce mental health problems. Nevertheless, the current literature on the efficacy of PMR among adults globally is fragmented, indicating a potential gap in this research area. Hence, this paper aims to systematically compile the research evidence on the efficacy of PMR in adults for stress, anxiety, and depression. Methods The Scopus, Web of Sciences, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from the earliest available evidence to 28th March 2023. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines were followed, and the protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools were used to assess the quality of the included studies. Results A total of forty-six (46) publications from sixteen (16) countries covering more than 3402 adults were included in the review. The results show that PMR are effective in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression in adults. When PMR is combined with other interventions, the combined techniques have also consistently exhibited enhanced efficacy. Moreover, findings also indicate that the efficacy of PMR is heightened when implemented in conjunction with other interventions, surpassing its standalone efficacy. Funding and Registration This research was supported/funded by the Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE) under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) (FRGS/1/2020/SS0/UTM/02/23). The review was registered on Open Science Framework (OSF) on the 7th of March 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/U2HZP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syazwina Muhammad Khir
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Mohd Azam Wan Mohd Yunus
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
- INVEST Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Norashikin Mahmud
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aisyah Panatik
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Saipol Mohd Sukor
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Akmar Nordin
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Resource Development and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Gao W, Cao X. Developmental trajectories of depression, anxiety, and stress among college students: a piecewise growth mixture model analysis. HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 10:736. [DOI: 10.1057/s41599-023-02252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
AbstractMental health issues are becoming increasingly common among college students, but not all students follow the same developmental trends of mental health. This study aims to identify the developmental trajectories of depression, anxiety, and stress among college students and the related factors for different trajectory classes. The data were collected from a longitudinal survey of college students over four consecutive years, and 2473 students were included in the analysis. The study used a piecewise growth mixture model to determine the subtrajectories, and a multinomial logistic regression model was constructed to investigate the related factors affecting students in subtrajectories. The results revealed that subtrajectories include the low and stable class, increasing class, decreasing then stable class, increasing then decreasing class, and decreasing and high class. The decreasing and high class only presents in the trajectories of anxiety and stress. Regarding related factors, high BMI and high sleep hours were identified as related factors for the increasing class of depression; gender and high sleep hours were associated with the increasing class of anxiety; and hometown location was related to the increasing class of stress. Extroversion personality, relationship with classmates, siblings, and father’s education level are related factors for other subtrajectories. Considering that college students experience multiple trajectories of depression, anxiety, and stress, mental health education and psychological intervention should be carried out for students in each class.
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Amamou B, Alouani S, Ben Haouala A, Alouani S, Tlili MA, Mhalla A, Zaafrane F, Gaha L. Depression among medical students in Tunisia: Prevalence and associated factors. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:772-783. [PMID: 38058690 PMCID: PMC10696287 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i10.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical school is known for its lengthy process, which is both physically and emotionally draining. Students' mental balance would shrink as they progress in their medical training. A systematic review and meta-analysis reported that the prevalence of depressive symptoms among medical students remained relatively constant at 27.2%. AIM To assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms among Tunisian medical students and evaluate its associated factors. METHODS This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out in the second semester of the academic year 2017/2018, between April 2018 and July 2018 among 1138 medical students. Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). RESULTS Sixty-four percent (n = 728) of the participants had depressive symptoms, of which 266 (23.4%) met the criteria for mild, 271 (23.8%) for moderate, and 191 (16.8%) for severe depressive symptoms. Female gender, low socio-economic level, smoking habits and history of mental disorder, performing leisure and physical activities, satisfaction toward a career choice, and happiness perception were the main prognostic factors for depression among medical students. Although academic grades may not be considered a prognostic factor, final-year students appeared to be less depressive than their colleagues. CONCLUSION These findings give insight into mental health issues and comorbidities among Tunisian medical students. It is a hopeful request for decision-makers and academic authorities to set serious measures and draw effective interventions to minimize the currency of psychological distress among this subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badii Amamou
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Sondess Alouani
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Amjed Ben Haouala
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Saoussen Alouani
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ayoub Tlili
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Mhalla
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Ferid Zaafrane
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Gaha
- Department of Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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Barbour EK, Smallwood SW, Hurt Y. Examining social activity, need to belong, and depression among college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2263-2271. [PMID: 34449282 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1967357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prior research suggests that social connectedness is associated with lower levels of depression among college students. The aim of this exploratory study was to determine if an association existed between social activity, need to belong, and depression. Variations in study measures by race, gender, and student status were also explored. PARTICIPANTS Data was collected from students attending a large university in the southeastern United States during the Spring 2019 academic semester (N = 299). METHODS Participants completed an anonymous self-administered survey, which was offered in both electronic and paper formats. RESULTS Need to belong significantly predicted depression among college students even when accounting for social activity and response bias. Study measures varied significantly based on race, gender, and student status. CONCLUSION Belonging and social connectedness may be utilized by collegiate stakeholders to increase student and university outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Barbour
- Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
| | - Stacy W Smallwood
- Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
| | - Yanise Hurt
- Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
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Seid J, Gebrehiwot B, Andualem F, Kassaye A, Mohammed J, Akele M. Factors associated with stress-related symptoms among people with epilepsy in Ethiopia, a cross-sectional study. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1218448. [PMID: 37583951 PMCID: PMC10425181 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1218448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stress is a common psychological problem present in people with epilepsy and has a serious impact on the health-related satisfaction of people with epilepsy and their cohabiters. This study aimed to assess the magnitude and related factors of stress. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 301 systematically chosen people with epilepsy. The seven stress-related items of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress -21 questionnaire was used to measure stress. Data were entered using Epi Info and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Predictors with a p-value < 0.20 in the bivariate logistic regression were transferred into the multivariate model. A p-value of less than 0.05 was viewed as statistically significant. Result The prevalence of stress symptoms in this study was 23.9%. Daily labor occupational status with Adjusted Odds ratio [(AOR) = 0.042, 95% CI: 0.004, 0.469], onset of illness at the age of 18 years and above (AOR = 0.188, 95% CI: 0.046, 0.771), perceived stigma (AOR = 3.320, 95% CI: 1.345, 8.200), the presence of anxiety symptoms (AOR = 8.275, 95% CI: 3.345, 20.471), and belief that the condition is untreatable (AOR = 6.360, 95% CI: 1.647, 24.562) were significantly associated factors. Conclusion The occurrence of stress was high, and it reinforced that there is a requisite for the identification and handling of stress-related symptoms among people with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemal Seid
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Birhane Gebrehiwot
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Fantahun Andualem
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
| | - Abenet Kassaye
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
| | - Jemal Mohammed
- Department of Medicine, Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Akele
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan, Ethiopia
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Tasneem T, Begum A, Chowdhury MRK, Rahman S, Macassa G, Manzoor J, Rashid M. Effects of acne severity and acne-related quality of life on depressive symptoms among adolescents and young adults: a cross-sectional study in Bangladesh. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1153101. [PMID: 37554134 PMCID: PMC10405733 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1153101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is a common mental health disorder and one of the major causes of disability. This study aimed at investigating the relationship of acne severity and acne-related quality of life with depressive symptoms, and the mediating effect of acne-related quality of life in a relationship between acne severity and depressive symptoms. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from acne patients attending a tertiary-level hospital, using a questionnaire that comprised three validated instruments - Investigator's Global Assessment (a single item) scale, Cardiff Acne Disability Index, and Beck Depression Inventory for measuring acne severity, acne-related quality of life, and depressive symptoms, respectively. Logistic regression and linear regression were used to examine the association between acne severity and depressive symptoms and a correlation between the acne-related quality of life and depressive symptoms, respectively. A mediation analysis was also performed to see the mediation effects of acne-related quality of life in a relationship between acne severity and depressive symptoms. RESULTS A total of 185 acne patients (155 females, 83.8%) with a mean age was 22.55 ± 8.67 years were included in the study. Adolescents and young adults with severe and moderate acne had 6.14-and 2.28 times higher odds of depression compared to their peers with mild acne, respectively. Patients with low levels of acne-related quality of life had a higher level of depressive symptoms (β = 0.42, p < 0.001). The total effect (direct + indirect) was also significant (β = 0.27, 95% CI: 1.29-4.09), implying the effect of acne severity on depression. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that acne severity and acne-related quality of life were associated with depressive symptoms among patients with acne vulgaris. The study also indicates that the relationship between acne severity and depressive symptoms might occur through a chain-mediating effect of acne disability in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takfi Tasneem
- International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afroza Begum
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rocky Khan Chowdhury
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Syed Rahman
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gloria Macassa
- Department of Public Health and Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Manzoor
- Department of Dermatology, Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Public Health and Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
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Vicent M, Suriá R, Gonzálvez C, Aparicio-Flores MDP, Sanmartín R, García-Fernández JM. Emotional Profiles of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress: Differences in School Anxiety. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231184384. [PMID: 37328429 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231184384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to confirm the existence of profiles according to the combinations of anxiety, depression, and stress, and looks to examine the differences between profiles according to the mean scores obtained in school anxiety. METHODS A total of 1,234 Spanish students at the secondary education level with an age range of 13-16 years old (M = 14.52; SD = 1.24) participated in the study by completing the abbreviated version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the School Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS The results showed positive, statistically significant, and moderate-sized correlations between all the variables analyzed. The Latent Profile Analysis identified four distinct profiles of depression, anxiety, and stress: Low DAS, Moderate DAS, High DAS, and Very High DAS. The results of the MANOVA showed statistically significant differences between these profiles regarding the school anxiety dimensions, with the profiles Very High DAS and Low DAS being the ones that reported, respectively, the highest and lowest levels in all the school anxiety components. Post hoc analyses revealed significant differences for the large part of profile comparisons, with there being large and moderate differences observed in the majority of cases (d = .30 and 1.66). CONCLUSIONS The results show the importance of considering social anxiety as a construct that is strongly associated with emotional problems such as depression, anxiety, and stress when developing effective actions to detect them and intervene with adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Vicent
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Raquel Suriá
- Department of Communication and Social Psychology, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Carolina Gonzálvez
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Sanmartín
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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Juanico-Morales L, Nava-Aguilera E, Morales-Pérez A, Morales-Nava L, Valdez-Bencomo MA, Emigdio-Vargas A, Serrano-de Los Santos FR, Andersson N. Depression and associated factors in medical students in Acapulco during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285903. [PMID: 37228004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is common in medical students and the Mexican state of Guerrero has the highest rates of depression in the country. Acapulco, the seat of the state medical school, is a tourist destination that experienced early high rates of COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic closed all schools in Mexico, obliging a shift from face-to-face to virtual education. In this new context, medical students faced challenges of online teaching including inadequate connectivity and access technologies. Prolonged isolation during the pandemic may have had additional mental health implications. AIM Assess depression prevalence and its associated factors affecting medical students in Acapulco, Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of students of the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, in November 2020. After informed consent, students completed a self-administered questionnaire collating socio-demographic, academic and clinical variables, major life events and changes in mood. The Beck inventory provided an assessment of depression. Bivariate and multivariate analyses relied on the Mantel-Haenszel procedure to identify factors associated with depression. We estimated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS 33.8% (435/1288) of student questionnaires showed evidence of depression in the two weeks prior to the study, with 39.9% (326/817) of young women affected. Factors associated with depression included female sex (OR 1.95; 95%CI 1.48-2.60), age 18-20 years (OR 1.36; 95%CI 1.05-1.77), perceived academic performance (OR 2.97; 95%CI 2.16-4.08), perceived economic hardship (OR 2.18; 95%CI 1.57-3.02), and a family history of depression (OR 1.85; 95%CI 10.35-2.54). Covid-19 specific factors included a life event during the pandemic (OR 1.99; 95%CI 1.54-2.59), connectivity problems during virtual classes and difficulties accessing teaching materials (OR 1.75; 95%CI 1.33-2.30). CONCLUSIONS The high risk of depression in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with perceived academic performance and technical barriers to distance learning, in addition to known individual and family factors. This evidence may be useful for the improvement of programs on prevention and control of depression in university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Juanico-Morales
- Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Acapulco, Guerrero, México
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Acapulco, Guerrero, México
| | - Elizabeth Nava-Aguilera
- Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Acapulco, Guerrero, México
| | - Arcadio Morales-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Acapulco, Guerrero, México
| | - Liliana Morales-Nava
- Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Acapulco, Guerrero, México
| | | | | | | | - Neil Andersson
- Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET), Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Acapulco, Guerrero, México
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Rabby MRA, Islam MS, Orthy MT, Jami AT, Hasan MT. Depression symptoms, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate entrance admission seeking students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1136557. [PMID: 37181689 PMCID: PMC10169692 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1136557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intense academic pressure and unhealthy competition have turned the university entrance exam scenario in Bangladesh into a Pandora's Box, which might cause mental health difficulties among young students. However, there is a severe scarcity of studies concerning such issues of university entrance examination-seeking students in Bangladesh. Methods This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression symptoms, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate entrance admission-seeking students in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study design was followed using an online tool including socio-demographic questions, and the 21-item Bangla Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (BDASS-21). The survey form was completed by 452 Bangladeshi students who passed the higher secondary certificate (HSC) examination in 2020 and were planning to get admission to the undergraduate level during the data collection. Results The prevalence of mild to extremely severe levels of depression symptoms, anxiety, and stress was 57.7%, 61.4%, and 44.6%, respectively. Females were more likely to have depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms than males. The students from science backgrounds were at higher risk of developing depression and stress symptoms when compared with students from business studies backgrounds. Besides, students with a previous history of mental illness, a preference for getting admitted into the public university, and less monthly family income (<25,000 BDT) were more likely to develop depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. In addition, students with a previous history of neurological disorders were more likely to develop anxiety symptoms than those without. Conclusion This study revealed a high level of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among undergraduate entrance admission-seeking students, which calls for in-depth exploratory investigations. Adequate low-intensity interventions should be designed to support this young population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Reza-A Rabby
- Department of Educational & Counseling Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- BRAC Institute of Educational Development, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ahmad Tousif Jami
- School of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, School of Business and Entrepreneurship, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M. Tasdik Hasan
- Action Lab, Department of Human Centred Computing, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Public Health, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Ahmed I, Hazell CM, Edwards B, Glazebrook C, Davies EB. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies exploring prevalence of non-specific anxiety in undergraduate university students. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:240. [PMID: 37041470 PMCID: PMC10088287 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety is a common mental health problem in the general population, and is associated with functional impairment and negative impacts upon quality of life. There has been increased concern about university students' mental health in recent years, with a wide range of non-specific anxiety rates reported worldwide in undergraduate university students. We aimed to explore prevalence of non-specific anxiety in undergraduate university student populations. METHODS Four databases were searched to identify studies published between 1980 and 2020 which investigated prevalence of non-specific anxiety in undergraduate university students. Each study's quality was appraised using a checklist. Sub-analyses were undertaken reflecting outcome measure utilized, course of study, location of study, and whether study was before or during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS A total of 89 studies - representing approx. 130,090 students-met inclusion criteria. Eighty-three were included in meta-analysis, calculating a weighted mean prevalence of 39.65% (95% CI: 35.72%-43.58%) for non-specific anxiety. Prevalence from diagnostic interview studies ranged from 0.3%-20.8% 12-month prevalence. Prevalence varied by outcome measure used to assess non-specific anxiety, the type of course studied by sample, and by study location. In half the studies, being female was associated with being more likely to have higher non-specific anxiety scores and/or screening above thresholds. Few of the included studies met all quality appraisal criteria. CONCLUSION The results suggest that approximately a third of undergraduate students are experiencing elevated levels of non-specific anxiety. Results from sub-analyses have identified some methodological issues that need consideration in appraising prevalence in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irtiqa Ahmed
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Cassie M Hazell
- Department of Psychological Interventions, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| | - Bethany Edwards
- School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Cris Glazebrook
- Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - E Bethan Davies
- Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR MindTech MedTech Co-Operative, Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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22
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Liu XQ, Guo YX, Xu Y. Risk factors and digital interventions for anxiety disorders in college students: Stakeholder perspectives. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:1442-1457. [PMID: 36926387 PMCID: PMC10011984 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i7.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of anxiety disorders among college students is high, which negatively affects countries, schools, families, and individual students to varying degrees. This paper reviews the relevant literature regarding risk factors and digital interventions for anxiety disorders among college students from the perspectives of different stakeholders. Risk factors at the national and societal levels include class differences and the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. College-level risk factors include the indoor environment design of the college environment, peer relationships, student satisfaction with college culture, and school functional levels. Family-level risk factors include parenting style, family relationship, and parental level of education. Individual-level risk factors include biological factors, lifestyle, and personality. Among the intervention options for college students' anxiety disorders, in addition to traditional cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, psychological counseling, and group counseling, digital mental health interventions are increasingly popular due to their low cost, positive effect, and convenient diagnostics and treatment. To better apply digital intervention to the prevention and treatment of college students' anxiety, this paper suggests that the different stakeholders form a synergy among themselves. The nation and society should provide necessary policy guarantees, financial support, and moral and ethical supervision for the prevention and treatment of college students' anxiety disorders. Colleges should actively participate in the screening and intervention of college students' anxiety disorders. Families should increase their awareness of college students' anxiety disorders and take the initiative to study and understand various digital intervention methods. College students with anxiety disorders should actively seek psychological assistance and actively accept and participate in digital intervention projects and services. We believe that in the future, the application of methods such as big data and artificial intelligence to improve digital interventions and provide individualized treatment plans will become the primary means of preventing and treating anxiety disorders among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiao Liu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yu-Xin Guo
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yi Xu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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23
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Avila-Carrasco L, Díaz-Avila DL, Reyes-López A, Monarrez-Espino J, Garza-Veloz I, Velasco-Elizondo P, Vázquez-Reyes S, Mauricio-González A, Solís-Galván JA, Martinez-Fierro ML. Anxiety, depression, and academic stress among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1066673. [PMID: 36710743 PMCID: PMC9874103 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1066673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The social distancing policies implemented by the health authorities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico and elsewhere led to major changes in teaching strategies for college undergraduates. So far, there is limited data regarding the impact of the lockdown on the academic stress and mental health of these students. Objective To assess the occurrence of academic difficulties, anxiety, depression, and academic stressors resulting in somatization with subsequent coping strategies linked to the pandemic. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 728 medical students (years 1-5). A purposely designed questionnaire to assess academic difficulties associated with the pandemic was administered electronically. The validated Goldberg anxiety and depression scale was also used, as well as the SISCO-II inventory on academic stress. Results Screening for anxiety and depression led to a prevalence of 67.9 and 81.3%, respectively. Most relevant stressors, reported always or nearly always, included professors' evaluations (63.9%), and reading overload of academic papers (50.6%). Factorial analyses showed that women were more prone to stress than men (p < 0.001). Somatization symptomatology included drowsiness or increased need of sleep, anxiety, anguish, desperation, chronic fatigue, and sleep disorders. Common coping strategies included practicing a hobby, done always or nearly always by 65% of students with high stress, and 34% of those with low stress (p < 0.001). Conclusion There was a relevant impact of the mandatory lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of medical students reflected in the high prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and stressors in the studied population pointing to the need for designing and implementing preventive strategies to deal with the effects of lockdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Avila-Carrasco
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,*Correspondence: Lorena Avila-Carrasco, ✉
| | - Daisy Lorena Díaz-Avila
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Adrian Reyes-López
- Pathology and Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory, Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Joel Monarrez-Espino
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Perla Velasco-Elizondo
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Academic Unit of Electric Engineering, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Sodel Vázquez-Reyes
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Academic Unit of Electric Engineering, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Mauricio-González
- Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Academic Unit of Electric Engineering, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Jorge Alfonso Solís-Galván
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Zacatecas Autonomous University, Zacatecas, Mexico,Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro, ✉
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24
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Anxiety, Depression, and Stress among Radiography Undergraduates During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2022; 54:S29-S37. [PMCID: PMC9715492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted education and other aspects of life, causing psychological distress. The current study aims to identify anxiety, depression, and stress among radiography undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2021 on a sample of 140 radiography undergraduates at the Department of Radiography/Radiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of xxx, xx. An online survey with two sections: demographic characteristics and a psychometric scale (DASS-42) was used for data collection. Results A total of 107 undergraduates responded to the questionnaire giving a response rate of 76.2%. The results revealed that the majority of radiography undergraduate students suffered from mild to extremely severe depression (87.85%), anxiety (92.52%), and stress (73.83%) levels. In addition, more than two-thirds of the students (>73 % of participants) reported at least one symptom of depression, anxiety, or stress to varying degrees. Scores for depression, anxiety, and stress did not differ significantly across gender and academic year. However, a significant difference was observed between the two age groups, 23-26 years and > 27 years, regarding depression. The older students reported severe depression, whereas younger students reported moderate depression. Conclusion A high prevalence of negative psychological impact was observed among radiography undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. This necessitates taking proactive steps to address, safeguard, and nurture undergraduates’ mental health and well-being during the current and future pandemic crises to mitigate the negative impacts.
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Pandya A, Lodha P. Mental health consequences of COVID-19 pandemic among college students and coping approaches adapted by higher education institutions: A scoping review. SSM - MENTAL HEALTH 2022; 2:100122. [PMID: 35665095 PMCID: PMC9148268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus - SARS CoV 2 (COVID 19) has posed a dire threat, not only to physical health but also to mental health, impacting our overall lifestyles. In addition to these threats, there have been unique challenges for different subsets of the population. Likewise, college students including research scholars are facing a variety of challenges in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. The scoping review maps existing literature on the mental health of college students in the times of COVID-19, approaches adopted by universities and academic institutions to help students cope with challenges posed by COVID-19 and draws lessons learnt and potential opportunities for integrating mental health promotion as part of routine services, particularly in low-and-middle-income countries context such as India. Four electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus and Google Scholar) were searched following Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review process. Out of the total 1038 screened records, thirty-six studies were included in the review. Data characteristics such as the type of document, intervention and outcome were extracted. Data were synthesized using thematic content analysis. The fact that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the mental health of students, accentuates the urgent need to understand these concerns to inform the action and public mental health interventions that can better support college students to cope with the crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurvakumar Pandya
- Parul Institute of Public Health, Parul University, Waghodia, Gujarat, 391760, India
| | - Pragya Lodha
- Practicing Mental Health Professional, B-59, Hastiraj Building, Bapubhai Vashi Road, Vile Parle West, Mumbai, 400056, India
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26
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Rafie F, Habibi M, Nekouei AH, Kakoei S, kakoei S. Oral health-related quality of life and associated factors in athlete and non-athlete students. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-00995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cheong WS, Degeras K, Suliman KR, Selvaraju M, Subramaniam K. The prevalence of depression among students in higher education institution: a repeated cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC MENTAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/jpmh-12-2021-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Undergraduate students are known to be a high-risk group for mental health problems. The purpose of this paper is to constitute a repeated cross-sectional study on the trend of depression over the years and factors associated with depression among undergraduates.
Design/methodology/approach
Cross-sectional data from five surveys between 2013 and 2020 (N = 1,578) among the undergraduates of Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, a private university in Kampar Malaysia, were combined. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 was used to screen for depression. Cochran’s Armitage test was used to detect trend in depression. Logistic regression, random forest regression and extra gradient boosting regression were used to identify risk factors and classification.
Findings
The prevalence of depressive symptoms was found to be between 26.4% and 36.8% between the years with an average of 29.9%. There was no significant time trend in the prevalence. The risk of depressive symptoms was higher among female students, those who were dependent on family for financial support and those who were stressed.
Practical implications
Periodical screening for depression is warranted for the identification of students at risk for depression. Professional cognitive-behavioral therapies, peer support and consulting services should be made available to the students in need.
Originality/value
Depression among students had been studied widely, but the trend over years remains unexplored, especially in developing countries.
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28
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Sayed M, Naiim CM, Aboelsaad M, Ibrahim MK. Internet addiction and relationships with depression, anxiety, stress and academic performance among Egypt pharmacy students: a cross-sectional designed study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1826. [PMID: 36163012 PMCID: PMC9513952 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pharmacy students represent the future of healthcare professionals and with daily use of the internet for different activities has made internet addiction (IA) of a growing concern. The main objectives of this study were to 1) assess internet addiction among pharmacy undergraduate students as well as factors associated with it; 2) assess the relationships between internet addiction and common mental disorders (depression, anxiety, and stress), in addition to academic performance and body mass index factors. METHODS We utilized a cross-sectional questionnaire that was conducted among 808 students of Egypt university pharmacy students across the country. The surveys used included: Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 21). RESULTS YIAT average score was 44.75 (19.72%); prevalence rate of potential IA was 311 (38.5%) with no gender significant difference. We couldn't detect any type of correlation between potential IA and GPA. However, a robust correlation was found between internet addiction vs depression, anxiety and stress collectively. CONCLUSIONS Internet addiction is usually associated with mental related disorders thus it is of paramount important to identify it among students. Different therapeutic interventions could include management to IA and common psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Sayed
- Clinical Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, P.O. Box 43, Cairo, Egypt. .,Center of Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Christina Medhat Naiim
- Clinical Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, P.O. Box 43, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marina Aboelsaad
- Clinical Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, P.O. Box 43, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Michael Kamal Ibrahim
- Department of Developmental Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt
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29
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McKinley B, Daines B, Allen M, Pulsipher K, Zapata I, Wilde B. Mental health and sleep habits during preclinical years of medical school. Sleep Med 2022; 100:291-297. [PMID: 36148761 PMCID: PMC9461239 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this non interventional study was to define changes in anxiety, depression, and sleep quality of medical students in their first two years of medical school while considering potential risk factors of self-reported chronic disease, sleep quantity, year of medical school and exercise habits. Since this study was ongoing during the COVID-19 pandemic, its effect was also evaluated. PARTICIPANTS /METHODS: A cohort of 197 medical students was evaluated longitudinally using survey methods to quantify changes from pre-medical school and summer break to each semester in medical school throughout years one and two. This study was performed from July 2019 through June 2021. Data was analyzed using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) on the numeric responses of General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Sleep Quality (SQ-3) and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Additional assessments evaluated exercise habits, chronic disease, and impact of COVID-19 Pandemic. The COVID-19 Pandemic was evaluated directly in the model (pre- and post-COVID-19 period variable), and through additional questions on their perceived effect. RESULTS Depression, anxiety, and sleep habits displayed a cyclical change that was associated with the academic/seasonal cycle. The COVID-19 pandemic was never found significant. Medical students who had a chronic disease diagnosis and fewer hours of sleep had increased severity. Exercise did not play a role. CONCLUSION Based on our sample, the main driver for depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality appears to be the academic/seasonal cycle, while the COVID-19 pandemic did not have an impact on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake McKinley
- Department of Primary Care, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ivins, UT, 84738, USA
| | - Bryan Daines
- Department of Primary Care, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ivins, UT, 84738, USA
| | - Mitchell Allen
- Department of Primary Care, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ivins, UT, 84738, USA
| | - Kayd Pulsipher
- Department of Primary Care, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ivins, UT, 84738, USA
| | - Isain Zapata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine Parker, CO, 80134, USA.
| | - Benjamin Wilde
- Department of Primary Care, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ivins, UT, 84738, USA.
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Ashrafi A, Kadhum M, Molodynski A, Bhugra D. Mental health and wellbeing among Iranian medical students: a descriptive study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1248-1252. [PMID: 34553630 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211047880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psychological wellbeing and stresses on medical students are currently under a global spotlight. Under a wider initiative supported by the British Medical Association (BMA), international surveys have been conducted to understand and begin to tackle these issues. METHOD This study aimed at describing the mental wellbeing and levels of burnout of Iranian medical students. A total of 179 medical students from 19 different cities participated voluntarily in the survey by answering an online questionnaire between April and August 2020. We detected a trend toward higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders (namely depressive disorders) and substance misuse when compared to previous national studies. RESULTS About 6% of students screened positive for alcohol problems with the CAGE questionnaire. About 77% of medical students screened positive for mental health problems with the GHQ12 questionnaire. Very high rates of burnout were also reported. These findings emphasize the urgent need to define methods to screen at risk medical students and implement local and national initiatives to curtain their potential detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agaah Ashrafi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Murtaza Kadhum
- Oxford University Clinical Academic Graduate School, University of Oxford, UK
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31
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Korolkiewicz PK, Skrzypkowska P, Ali S, Grabowski J. A descriptive study of welfare and mental health issues among health-related sciences undergraduate students at the Medical University of Gdansk. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1184-1191. [PMID: 34991380 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211068982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE AND METHODS We surveyed a large sample of health-related sciences undergraduate students at the Medical University of Gdańsk (MUG), Poland in a pilot study to assess self-reported somatic/mental health-related issues, measure the level of burnout using Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), the presence of depressive symptoms with Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9) and assess the problematic alcohol intake (CAGE questionnaire). Additionally, stress coping mechanisms were investigated. RESULTS A total of 864 students participated in the survey. The mean total OLBI and PHQ-9 scores equalled 43.3 ± 2.7 and 11.3±5.8 points, respectively. The CAGE questionnaire was positive in 21.6% of students. Three most prevalent stress coping mechanisms included TV binge-watching, binge-eating and cigarette chain smoking (51.0%, 45.0% and 28.0% respectively). CONCLUSIONS Future studies are required to confirm the obtained results, assess, and monitor trends and set-up interventions to improve the welfare of health-related science MUG students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł K Korolkiewicz
- Adult Psychiatry Scientific Circle, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paulina Skrzypkowska
- Adult Psychiatry Scientific Circle, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Shan Ali
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jakub Grabowski
- Division of Developmental Psychiatry, Psychotic and Geriatric Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Almutairi A, Jahan S. Prevalence of Anxiety among Qassim university female medical students during Covid-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Health Psychol Res 2022; 10:37016. [PMID: 35910242 DOI: 10.52965/001c.37016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Anxiety disorders are common but under-recognized psychiatric disorders. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of anxiety and factors associated with anxiety during the Covid 19 pandemic among female medical students at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. Methods An online cross-sectional survey, using a self-administered questionnaire, was conducted from August to December 2021. The questionnaire using Google Forms, submitted to the WhatsApp groups of female medical students, gathered personal data and information related to the Covid19 pandemic effects. Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used for measuring the severity of anxiety. Results Out of 278 invited students, 179 responded (response rate: 64.4%). Mean age of the respondents was 22.45 (±1.57) years, 89.9% were living with their parents, and 46.9% perceived their academic performance as 'Good'. A total of 34 (19%) suffered from COVID-19, and 50.3% (n=90) of students reported family members affected by COVID-19, and 24.4% of the affected family members were hospitalized. The prevalence of anxiety among study participants was 26.8% (n=48); 31 (17.3%) participants had moderate and 17 (9.5%) had severe anxiety. The overall median anxiety score was 11 (IQR=21). In the younger age group (18-22 years), those who perceived their academic performance as 'poor or fair, and those living alone or with relatives and friends had higher anxiety scores, and the differences were statistically significant at p=0.042, p=0.018, and p=0.01, respectively. Conclusion Anxiety among female medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic was high. Mental health services including counseling and mental health education in universities are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saulat Jahan
- Research and Innovation Unit, Family Medicine Academy, Qassim Health Cluster, Saudi Arabia
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Estructura factorial y datos normativos del Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI-II) en población general peruana. ACTA COLOMBIANA DE PSICOLOGIA 2022. [DOI: 10.14718/acp.2022.25.2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar la dimensionalidad del BDI-II, así como demostrar la invarianza según el sexo y construir datos normativos en población general peruana. Para ello, se contó con la participación de 1665 personas (51.83 % mujeres) procedentes de diferentes regiones del Perú (75.92 % de Cajamarca, 11.05 % de Lima, 6.42 % de La Libertad y 2.62 % de Lambayeque), con un rango de edad de 18 a 54 años (M = 24.99; DE = 8.73), a quienes se les administró el BDI-II. Mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio se probaron catorce modelos basados en estudios previos. Los resultados indicaron que los modelos bifactor y de segundo orden tenían problemas de convergencia, mientras que los bidimensionales y el unifactorial presentaban adecuados índices de ajuste. Se seleccionó el modelo unidimensional debido a su coherencia teórica, pues los creadores del BDI-II señalan que la prueba se debe interpretar de manera global, sumando los 21 ítems, y desaconsejan la interpretación mediante el cálculo de puntajes separados por dimensiones. Incluso, los antecedentes indican que la varianza explicada del segundo factor es muy baja, por lo cual dicha práctica estaría injustificada. Además, los estudios previos han señalado correlaciones interfactoriales muy altas. Finalmente, se demostró invarianza según el sexo, y los datos normativos, calculados mediante percentiles, mostraron que las puntuaciones superiores a 11 serían clínicamente relevantes. En conclusión, el BDI-II muestra buenas propiedades psicométricas en una estructura unidimensional con 21 ítems, la cual es invariante según el sexo y tiene datos normativos adecuados para población general peruana.
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Thang NT, Linh DTD, Anh TN, Phuong NT, Giang ND, Long NX, Nhung DTC, Long KQ. Severe Symptoms of Mental Disorders Among Students Majoring in Foreign Languages in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:855607. [PMID: 35712280 PMCID: PMC9196266 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.855607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental health disorders among university students have been a serious issue in many countries and can negatively affect academic performance and all aspects of daily living, relationships, and physical health. In this study, we aim to estimate the prevalence of severe symptoms of mental disorders and examine associated factors among students majoring in foreign languages in Vietnam. We used the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) to detect severe symptoms of mental disorders in 1,788 students, including severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. The Financial-Study-Family-Friend (FSFF) scale was utilized to assess how much students worried about finance, academic, and social support from family and friends. Multiple logistic regressions were carried out to evaluate the relationship between severe symptoms of mental disorders and FSFF factors. The prevalence of severe levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were 21.1, 35.0, and 16.3%, respectively. While varying somewhat due to students' demographic characteristics, all four aspects of the FSFF scale were related to the severe symptoms of mental disorders of students. Concerns about study had the largest effects (ORs ranging from 2.84 to 3.72) while difficulty in finance had the smallest effects (ORs ranging from 1.23 to 1.37) on students' depression, anxiety, and stress. The prevalence of severe symptoms of mental disorders in students was high in our study. Teachers and universities should focus more attention on students' mental health. Social support from family and friends also plays a crucial role in the mental health of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Thang
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dao Thi Dieu Linh
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ta Nhat Anh
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thị Phuong
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Duc Giang
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Long
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dao Thi Cam Nhung
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khuong Quynh Long
- Center for Population Health Science, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Wróbel-Knybel P, Flis M, Rog J, Jalal B, Karakuła-Juchnowicz H. Risk factors of sleep paralysis in a population of Polish students. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:383. [PMID: 35672736 PMCID: PMC9171979 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep paralysis (SP) is a transitional dissociative state associated with the REM sleep phase that affects approximately 28.3% of the student population during their lifetime. The reasons for the high prevalence of SP in the student population are not entirely clear. Research indicates possible influencing factors such as the intensification of anxiety symptoms, a tendency to worry, the presence of PTSD symptoms, and behavioral factors such as the consumption of psychoactive substances (caffeine, alcohol, nicotine), sleep deprivations and poor sleep hygiene. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of SP and determine the risk factors for the occurrence of SP in the population of Polish students. METHODS The study used a battery online consisting of a set of questionnaires 1) a personal questionnaire, 2) the SP-EPQ, 3) the PCL -5, 4) the STAI-T, 5) the PSWQ. The questionnaire was sent via Facebook to 4500 randomly selected students from different universities in Poland. The questionnaire was completed by 2598 students. To unify the participant sample, people over 35 were excluded from the study (45 students). Ultimately, data from 2553 students were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 33.14% of individuals experienced at least one episode of SP in their lives. The highest odds ratio for SP was associated with: the presence of three or more health problems (OR: 2.3; p = 0.002), the presence of any mental disorder (OR: 1.77; p = 0.002), including mood disorders (OR: 2.07; p = 0.002), suffering from at least one somatic disease (OR: 1.34; p = 0.002), a high level of anxiety as a constant personality trait (OR: 1.20; p = 0.035) and smoking (OR: 1.48; p = 0.0002), alcohol consumption (OR: 1.52; p < 0.0001), physical activity (OR: 1.31; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results of our research indicate that a large proportion of students experienced isolated sleep paralysis. Mental and somatic health problems and lifestyle factors were found to predispose individuals to this disorder. Due to the numerous risk factors for SP, it is necessary to conduct additional research to confirm the impact of these factors and to investigate the mechanisms of their influence on SP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Wróbel-Knybel
- I Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Głuska 1 Street, 20-439, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Michał Flis
- grid.411484.c0000 0001 1033 7158I Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Głuska 1 Street, 20-439 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Rog
- grid.411484.c0000 0001 1033 7158I Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Głuska 1 Street, 20-439 Lublin, Poland
| | - Baland Jalal
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA ,grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EB UK
| | - Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz
- grid.411484.c0000 0001 1033 7158I Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Głuska 1 Street, 20-439 Lublin, Poland
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Zhang X, Yue H, Sun J, Liu M, Li C, Bao H. Regulatory emotional self-efficacy and psychological distress among medical students: multiple mediating roles of interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:283. [PMID: 35421953 PMCID: PMC9011952 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03338-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological distress (depression, anxiety and stress) is more common among medical students than in the general population, and is an important cause of insomnia, internet addiction, substance abuse, decreased academic performance and increased suicidality in medical students. METHODS To examine the mechanism by which regulatory emotional self-efficacy affects medical students' psychological distress, a questionnaire of 539 medical students using an interpersonal adaptability scale, regulatory emotional self-efficacy scale, self-acceptance scale and depression-anxiety-stress scale was conducted. RESULTS ① Regulatory emotional self-efficacy, interpersonal adaptability and self-acceptance are positively correlated, but they are negatively correlated with psychological distress. ② The mediation model shows that interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance are the mediation variables of the effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy on psychological distress, and the total mediation effect value is -0.37, accounting for 86.05% of the total effect (-0.43). Specifically, the effect involves three paths: first, regulatory emotional self-efficacy indirectly affects psychological distress through interpersonal adaptation (effect value-0.24); second, regulatory emotional self-efficacy indirectly affects psychological distress through interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance (effect value-0.08); and third, regulatory emotional self-efficacy indirectly affects psychological distress through self-acceptance (effect value -0.05). CONCLUSIONS Interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance have a significant mediating effect between regulatory emotional self-efficacy and psychological distress, and the chain mediating effect of interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance is also significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Zhang
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan District, Hohhot, 010022, China
- School of Humanity, Baotou Medical College, No.31 Jianshe Road, East District, Baotou, 014040, China
| | - Heng Yue
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan District, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Junfang Sun
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan District, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan District, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Cuiyun Li
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan District, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Hugejiletu Bao
- School of Physical Education, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan District, Hohhot010022, China.
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Chowdhury U, Suvro MAH, Farhan SMD, Uddin MJ. Depression and stress regarding future career among university students during COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266686. [PMID: 35413076 PMCID: PMC9004757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Students generally struggle to build a good career after their graduation in developing countries like Bangladesh. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, such struggle increased and faced with stress and depression. We aimed to inquire about the amplitude of depression and stress among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic regarding their future careers and to identify the factors associated with this depression and stress.
Methods
A total of 516 students at various universities participated in this cross-sectional survey. From October 2020 to February 2021, data was collected through an online survey. An e-questionnaire with socio-demographic, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) questions was created using Google Forms and distributed via Facebook, WhatsApp, and other social media platforms. The universities included into the sample were selected randomly from eight divisions of Bangladesh. Descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square tests were carried out and the association between the risk factors and the outcome (e.g. depression and stress) was assessed by the odds ratio (OR) including 95% confidence interval (CI) obtained from the binary logistic regression model.
Results
Among 516 participants, 380 (73.6%) were male and 136 (26.4%) were female. Around 414 (80.2%) participants had mild to severe depression and 399 (77.3%) reported having low to moderately perceived stress. Female students were 2.1 (95% CI: 1.21–3.76) times more depressed and 3.6 (95% CI: 1.87–6.76) times more stressed than the counterpart. Students, who think delaying graduation due to COVID-19 will reduce the chance of getting a job, were 1.72 (95% CI: 1.07–2.76) times more depressed. Respondents, whose department offers any internship were 36% less depressed (p = 0.053), while skilled students were 46% less stressed though it was not statistically significant (p = 0.43).
Conclusion
According to our findings, there is an increasing prevalence of depression and stress among students, particularly among female students and those who do not receive job-related facilities from their institutions or who are unskilled. Universities can provide mental health programs and strive to have enough space for students to participate in internships. In addition, the government and educational institutions should work together to address the growing challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upama Chowdhury
- Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ahosan Habib Suvro
- Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Syed M. D. Farhan
- Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
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El-Qirem FA, Malak MZ, Bani Salameh AK, Ali R, Alsswey A. Effect of virtual reality therapy on stress and anxiety symptoms, and physiological measures among University students: an experimental study in Jordan. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02939-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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El-Gabry DA, Okasha T, Shaker N, Elserafy D, Yehia M, Aziz KA, Bhugra D, Molodynski A, Elkhatib H. Mental health and wellbeing among Egyptian medical students: a cross-sectional study. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Medical students are prone to experience high levels of stress during their studies, which can lead to burnout and mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression, that can affect their academic performance and ability to practice. We therefore conducted an online survey to collect data on demographics, sources of stress, mental health problems, burnout, and substance use in 547 medical students from two universities in Cairo. We used the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), the General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12), and the CAGE questionnaire.
Results
Our results indicated that 16% of participants were diagnosed with a mental illness while in medical school, with 88% screening positive for burnout on the OLBI, 63% reaching the threshold as cases on the GHQ-12 and 9% screening positive on the CAGE questionnaire. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between scores on the OLBI and the GHQ-12.
Conclusions
Our study indicated that there were very high levels of psychological distress (burnout, mental illness) among medical students, with high rates of disengagement and exhaustion.
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El-Monshed AH, El-Adl AA, Ali AS, Loutfy A. University students under lockdown, the psychosocial effects and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross sectional study in Egypt. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:679-690. [PMID: 33651672 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1891086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the psychosocial effects and coping strategies of university students during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Between 30 May and 6 June 2020, an online cross-sectional survey was fulfilled by 612 university students. The University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale, version 3, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Brief COPE scale were used. Results: Different degrees of depression, anxiety, and stress were reported by 74.5%, 47.1%, and 40.5% of the surveyed students, respectively. Dysfunctional coping strategies including venting, denial, and substance use had the lowest scores on Brief COPE while problem-focused coping strategies including planning and active coping strategies had the highest scores on Brief COPE. Conclusion: Undergraduate university students are very prone to experience psychosocial problems during the current pandemic. Educational institutions should work together with the authorities to promote measures to improve mental health and academic performance of their students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hashem El-Monshed
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Anwer El-Adl
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Salah Ali
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Loutfy
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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Yu Y, Yan W, Yu J, Xu Y, Wang D, Wang Y. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Complains on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in University Students: An Extensive Population-Based Survey in China. Front Psychol 2022; 13:842378. [PMID: 35418921 PMCID: PMC8995560 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.842378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental health issues are becoming increasingly prevalent amongst university students. However, research on the psychological profile of the general university population is relatively limited. Thus, this study analyses the current state of university students' psychological conditions; the demographic differences in depression, anxiety, and stress and the influencing factors. The objectives are to provide additional appropriate guidance in mental health for university students with different demographic characteristics. A cross-sectional study of 6,032 university students nationwide was conducted from October 2020 to January 2021. A randomized whole-group sampling method was used to select the study participants, and the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS) was used. P < 0.05 in the final model were considered statistically significant. The number of university students with no complain of depression, anxiety, or stress was 3,751 (62.2%). The odds of developing complain of depression were higher amongst anxious respondents (AOR = 23.417, 95% CI: 19.706, 27.826) and senior year (AOR = 2.210, 95% CI: 1.657, 2.947) than their counterparts. Students with "myopia" were 1.263 times more likely to be anxious (AOR = 1.263, 95% CI: 1.042-1.530). In terms of "impaired" or not, impaired is defined as any injury, such as sprain, strain, and fracture, "impaired" university students were 1.321 times more likely to be anxious (AOR = 1.321, 95% CI: 1.064-1.641). Furthermore, history of impairment and myopia increased the odds of stress by 1.305 (AOR = 1.305, 95% CI: 1.022-1.667) and 1.305 (AOR = 1.305, 95% CI: 1.012-1.683), respectively. Myopia, physical-activity-related injury (PARI) and irrational eating habits are risk factors for complain of anxiety and stress. Males, upper grades, low parental education, and irrational eating habits are risk factors for complain of depression. Low physical activity levels are also an influential factor for complain of depression. DASS consists of interchangeable risk factors and multiple complains of DASS may coexist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Yu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangwang Yan
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiadan Yu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangfan Xu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Medicine, Changsha Social Work College, Changsha, China
| | - Yuling Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Hossain MM, Alam MA, Masum MH. Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among students of Jahangirnagar University in Bangladesh. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e559. [PMID: 35308418 PMCID: PMC8918926 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Anxiety and depression, as well as stress, are well-known problems observed across the world, particularly among students. This study intends to identify the level of anxiety, depression, and stress among university students and determine its association with their sociodemographic characteristics. Methods The primary data were collected from 351 students with the help of a self-administrated questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic information and contains the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) instrument over the period December 8, 2019-January 23, 2020. The χ 2 test is employed to find the association between the status of stress, anxiety, and depression level with selected sociodemographic variables, and confirmatory factor analysis is used to find interrelationships between DASS items. Results The results illustrate that no students have an extremely severe level of stress. However, the majority have a mild or moderate level of stress and it is associated with sex and residence (urban or rural). More than 40% of students have extremely severe anxiety. Results reveal that gender, residence (urban or rural), and family type of the students are linked with the anxiety level. The results also suggest that the type of accommodation of the students, their family type, and birth order are related to their depression level at a 5% level of significance. The findings also disclose that female students have more levels of depression, stress, and anxiety than their counterparts. Conclusion Considering the finding, the authors think that the university authority should pay a need for greater interest to the mental well-being of students to enhance their quality of life. Given the harmful impacts of stress on academic performance and health, university administrators should be incorporating anxiety, stress, and depression management training in orientation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Asraful Alam
- Department of Statistics Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Monirul Hasan Masum
- Faculty of Business Administration International Standard University Dhaka Bangladesh
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Balderas-Vazquez CL, Bernal-Morales B, Garcia-Montalvo EA, Vega L, Herrera-Huerta EV, Rodríguez-Landa JF, Velázquez-Hernández JF, Xotlanihua-Gervacio MDC, Valenzuela OL. Association Between Socio-Affective Symptoms and Glutathione and CD4 and CD8 Lymphocytes in College Students. Front Psychol 2022; 12:666347. [PMID: 35069302 PMCID: PMC8766728 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.666347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of anxiety and depression in young students is associated with biosocial factors and scholastic stress. However, few studies have evaluated emotional-affective symptoms that are related to the immune system and antioxidant parameters in young individuals without diagnoses of affective disorders. Aim: This study aims to assess the relationship between emotional-affective symptoms and glutathione concentrations and CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte counts in college students. Methods: College students (n = 177) completed standardized psychometric instruments, including the Perceived Stress Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Familiar Social and Friends Support Scale, and Rosenberg Scale. Blood samples were biochemically analyzed. Analyses of variance were conducted between four groups according to symptom severity. Results: A considerable prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms was observed and negatively correlated with self-esteem and socio-familiar support. Perceived stress was sexually dimorphic. Although biochemical parameters were within reference ranges, glutathione, CD4, and CD8 tended to be lower in participants with anxiety and depression symptoms, which may be of predictive value. Conclusion: The relationship between antioxidant/immune parameters and socio-affective scores is latent in undiagnosed college students who might develop affective disorders. The findings suggest that during the initial development of affective disorders, stress management strategies should be implemented to help college students cope with the academic load and monitor negative changes in their physiological state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blandina Bernal-Morales
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | | | - Libia Vega
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Rayan A, Harb AM, Baqeas MH, Al.Khashashneh OZ, Harb E. The Relationship of Family and School Environments with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Jordanian Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221138432. [PMID: 36419775 PMCID: PMC9677291 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221138432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression, anxiety, and stress are highly prevalent among adolescents. The role of impaired family and school environments in adolescents' depression, anxiety, and stress in Jordan has yet to be established. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the association of family and school environments with the depression, anxiety, and stress of adolescents in Jordan. METHODS A cross-sectional correlational survey was used. A sample of 220 adolescents aged 12-18 years completed the study. Data were collected about family and school environments and adolescents' depression, anxiety, and stress. RESULTS School climate had a strong significant relationship with both general family functioning (r = .53, p < 0.01) and family process (r = .58, p < 0.01). General family functioning and school climate were uniquely associated with stress, anxiety, and depression (Β = -.280 or higher), p < 0.05, controlling for demographics. CONCLUSION The general family functioning and overall school climate were shown to play important role in adolescents' depression, anxiety, and stress. School nurses and psychiatric nurses may want to respond to the needs of adolescents with depression, anxiety, and stress through campaigns, lectures, and conferences and encourage them to access professional psychological counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Rayan
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa
University Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Alaa Mohamad Harb
- Community Health Department, School of
Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Manal Hassan Baqeas
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Eman Harb
- Department of community and mental health, Princess Salma Faculty of
Nursing, Al Albayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
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Prevalence of Anxiety in University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010062. [PMID: 35010323 PMCID: PMC8750929 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a dearth of evidence synthesis on the prevalence of anxiety among university students even though the risk of psychological disorders among this population is quite high. We conducted a quantitative systematic review to estimate the global prevalence of anxiety among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search for cross-sectional studies on PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO, using PRISMA guidelines, was conducted from September 2020 to February 2021. A total of 36 studies were included, using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled proportion of anxiety. A meta-analysis of the prevalence estimate of anxiety yielded a summary prevalence of 41% (95% CI = 0.34–0.49), with statistically significant evidence of between-study heterogeneity (Q = 80801.97, I2 = 100%, p ≤ 0.0001). A subgroup analysis reported anxiety prevalence in Asia as 33% (95% CI:0.25–0.43), the prevalence of anxiety in Europe as 51% (95% CI: 0.44–0.59), and the highest prevalence of anxiety in the USA as 56% (95% CI: 0.44–0.67). A subgroup gender-based analysis reported the prevalence of anxiety in females as 43% (95% CI:0.29–0.58) compared to males with an anxiety prevalence of 39% (95% CI:0.29–0.50). University students seem to have a high prevalence of anxiety, indicating an increased mental health burden during this pandemic.
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Análisis psicométrico del Cuestionario de Regulación Conductual de las Emociones en universitarios peruanos. ACTA COLOMBIANA DE PSICOLOGIA 2021. [DOI: 10.14718/acp.2022.25.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo traducir e identificar las propiedades psicométricas del Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (BERQ) en 315 universitarios de Lima, Perú, entre los 16 y 44 años (Medad = 21.31; DE edad = 3.39; 59.7 % hombres). Para la evaluación se aplicó el BERQ y el Inventario Multicultural de Depresión Estado Rasgo (IMUDER), y las evidencias de validez de la estructura interna se obtuvieron por medio de un análisis factorial confirmatorio y un modelamiento exploratorio de ecuaciones estructurales, mientras que las evidencias de validez en relación con otras variables se obtuvieron a través de un análisis de regresión lineal. Los resultados indican que la estructura pentafactorial se replica en la muestra peruana, que las estrategias adaptativas predicen significativamente el eutrés, y que las estrategias desadaptativas predicen el distrés; además, los valores de confiabilidad fueron aceptables. Al final se discuten aspectos teóricos y prácticos de los hallazgos y la importancia de continuar brindando evidencia para su utilización en diferentes poblaciones y contextos, teniendo en cuenta que esta la primera vez que se analiza una versión en español del BERQ.
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Ocampo González ÁA, Castillo García JF, Pabón Sandoval LC, Tovar Cuevas JR, Hidalgo Ibarra SA, Calle Sandoval DA, Cortés González E, Garcia Chica KS, Pabón Lozano JS, Muñoz Rico MDC. Depressive symptomatology in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Investig Med 2021; 70:436-445. [PMID: 34810229 PMCID: PMC8610615 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-001992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Depression entails changes in the mental health of individuals worldwide. Episodes of depression lead to mood swings and changes in the motivational dimension. Our research focused on the prevalence of depression in the adult population and on how it affected the social and affective dimensions. Owing to the current pandemic, we deemed it necessary to explore how protective measures against COVID-19 infection, such as quarantines, could be related to mental health. Moreover, we found it important to determine the prevalence of depressive and anxious symptomatology in adults from the Valle del Cauca region in Colombia during the social isolation connected to COVID-19. Our study was descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional, and involved 1248 subjects. As tools, we used the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. The data demonstrated that women were more likely to display symptoms of depression and that individuals aged between 24 and 29 were less likely to reveal symptoms of anxiety than those aged between 18 and 23. Moreover, childless or economically dependent individuals proved to be more likely to display symptoms of depression during the pandemic.
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Chan HWQ, Sun CFR. Irrational beliefs, depression, anxiety, and stress among university students in Hong Kong. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2021; 69:827-841. [PMID: 32149578 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1710516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Academic stress, depression, and anxiety among university students has been a great concern globally. Literature review shows that university students may harbor irrational beliefs that could play a significant role in causing emotional disturbances. Objective: The aims of this study were to examine the relationship of irrational beliefs with emotional disturbances in university students, and the differences in irrational beliefs and depression, anxiety, and stress between students with different socio-demographic and academic backgrounds. Participants and method: Data was collected from 655 local Hong Kong university students. Results and conclusions: University students having higher levels of irrational beliefs were more likely to have depression, anxiety, and stress. Two-way MANOVA results showed that second-year students had more awfulizing beliefs than third-year students in the faculties of Engineering and Education. Results of ANOVA and the Independent Sample t-test revealed that male students, students from low income families, Law students, those pursuing 5-year programs, or those in the second year of study were likely to have more irrational beliefs. In addition, male students, medical students, those studying 5-year programs were found having significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Limitations and implications were discussed.
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Saha A, Dutta A, Sifat RI. The mental impact of digital divide due to COVID-19 pandemic induced emergency online learning at undergraduate level: Evidence from undergraduate students from Dhaka City. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:170-179. [PMID: 34298222 PMCID: PMC8433598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 outbreak has drawn out institutions to closure with several challenges for university students of undergraduate level in Dhaka city including an emergency shift from traditional learning to online learning, which associated digital divide, left several arguments in response to technological inefficiency, pedagogic inefficiency of teachers, inappropriate study environment and so on. Previous literature shows that the COVID-19 is imposing a threat to mental health all over the nation since its spread. This study intended to evaluate the emerging reasons for psychological distress among university students of undergraduate level in Dhaka, also assess the execution methods, barriers of online learning, and lastly, the attitudes of students regarding online learning throughout the pandemic. METHODS A mixed methodology was used to conduct the research. Primary data has been collected using simple purposive sampling on 180 undergraduate students, 9 interviews were taken including 6 in-depth interviews of different university undergraduates from Dhaka city and also 3 (KIIs) from specialists of pedagogy and medical anthropology, and a high official from Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC). RESULTS Based on the Kessler K-10 distress scale, the study found that the prevalence of no psychological distress (16.67%) followed by mild (40%), moderate (30.56%), and severe psychological distress (12.78%). CONCLUSION The results concluded considering several reasons for mild to severe psychological distress. The findings suggest some recommendations to accumulate the process of online learning effectively and also strategies to regulate the preferred mode of learning in future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ridwan Islam Sifat
- Department of Development Studies, Bangladesh University of Professionals; Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Kalbus A, Boenecke J, Holt M, Powell S, Reintjes R. Exploring Trends and Differences in Health Behaviours of Health Sciences University Students from Germany and England: Findings from the "SuSy" Project. Public Health Rev 2021; 42:1603965. [PMID: 34692174 PMCID: PMC8500191 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2021.1603965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This research aimed to explore the health behaviours of health sciences students over time and across different settings. Methods: A health behaviour surveillance system has been implemented in Hamburg and Manchester among under- and postgraduate health sciences students. Trends among the Hamburg sample were described. In a cross-sectional assessment, health behaviours across both universities were examined using multivariate regression analysis. Results: Between 2014 and 2018, increasing trends in physical activity and cannabis and alcohol consumption were observed in Hamburg (n = 1,366). While fruit and vegetable intake was constantly low, tobacco smoking decreased. No clear trend was observed for stress perception. The comparison (n = 474) revealed that Manchester students had higher odds of smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and fruit and vegetable consumption; and lower odds of being physically active, and consuming cannabis. No difference in stress perception was observed. Conclusions: Varying trends and potential areas of intervention were identified for health behaviours in Hamburg. The comparison with Manchester students revealed differences in behaviours, which could be further explored to help inform health promotion strategies in both settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Kalbus
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Boenecke
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maxine Holt
- Department of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Powell
- Department of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ralf Reintjes
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany
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