Reference Citation Analysis: Find an Article, Find a Category, Find a Journal, Find a Scholar

For: Leeman RF, O'Malley SS, White MA, McKee SA. Nicotine and food deprivation decrease the ability to resist smoking. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2010;212:25-32. [PMID: 20585761 PMCID: PMC3111597 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-010-1902-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]

For:	Leeman RF, O'Malley SS, White MA, McKee SA. Nicotine and food deprivation decrease the ability to resist smoking. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2010;212:25-32. [PMID: 20585761 PMCID: PMC3111597 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-010-1902-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Upton S, Froeliger B. Regulation of craving and underlying resting-state neural circuitry predict hazard of smoking lapse. Transl Psychiatry 2025;15:101. [PMID: 40148270 PMCID: PMC11950297 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-025-03319-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2025] [Accepted: 03/14/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open

Baek SU, Lee YM, Won JU, Yoon JH. Association of food insecurity with the use of tobacco products and urine cotinine-measured smoking intensity: evidence from a population-based study in South Korea, 2019-2021. Tob Control 2024:tc-2024-058754. [PMID: 39455070 DOI: 10.1136/tc-2024-058754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024]

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

This study explored the association between food insecurity and tobacco product use and urine cotinine-measured smoking intensity.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 13 705 adults representative of the Korean population. The 18-item Household Food Security Survey Module was administered to the primary food managers in households with the scores applied to household members. The use of three tobacco products-combustible cigarettes, heated tobacco products and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes)-was assessed. Based on the urine cotinine level, the smoking status of each participant was classified into one of three groups: non-smoker, low-intensity smoker and high-intensity smoker. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between food insecurity and tobacco product use and urine cotinine-measured smoking intensity. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated.

RESULTS

Among the survey participants, 3.2% had mild food insecurity and 0.7% had moderate-to-severe food insecurity. Those with mild food insecurity (23.5%, OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.89) and those with moderate-to-severe food insecurity (45.1%, OR: 3.36, 95% CI: 1.87 to 6.03) compared with those with non-food insecurity (18.4%) were positively associated with combustible cigarette use. Those with moderate-to-severe food insecurity was positively associated with e-cigarette use (5.5%, OR: 3.49, 95% CI: 1.31 to 9.28). Compared with those with non-food security (7.9%), those with mild food insecurity (14.3%, OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.09 to 2.38) and moderate-to-severe food insecurity (22.1%, OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.04 to 4.86) were associated with high-intensity smoking.

CONCLUSION

Food insecurity is associated with both combustible and e-cigarette use. Those with food insecurity are associated with engagement in high-intensity smoking.

Collapse

Nemeth JM, Glasser AM, Macisco J, Hinton A, Wermert A, Patterson JG, Sucaldito A, Gilson C, Kemble H, Garbsch E, Caponi J. Identifying Novel Motivation Phase-Specific Cessation Targets for Youth Experiencing Homelessness in the United States. Nicotine Tob Res 2024;26:237-244. [PMID: 37725951 PMCID: PMC10803121 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]

Affiliation(s)

Julianna M Nemeth Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
Allison M Glasser Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA Institute for Nicotine and Tobacco Studies, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
Joseph Macisco Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Alice Hinton Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Amy Wermert Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Joanne G Patterson Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Ana Sucaldito Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA Department of Family and Community Medicine and Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Carra Gilson Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
Hannah Kemble Division of Health Sciences Management and Policy, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Ellen Garbsch Division of Health Sciences Management and Policy, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Jacob Caponi Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA Department of Sociology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

Collapse

Sloan ME, Sells JR, Vaughan CL, Morris JK, Ortega NE, Sundar S, Soundararajan S, Stangl BL, Gowin J, Chawla S, Diazgranados N, McKee SA, Waters A, Ramchandani VA. Modeling ability to resist alcohol in the human laboratory: A pilot study. DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE REPORTS 2022;5:100105. [PMID: 36844167 PMCID: PMC9948911 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2022.100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]

Affiliation(s)

Matthew E. Sloan Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Neurosciences and Clinical Translation, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Joanna R. Sells Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of Health Science, USA Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, Rm 2-2352, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Courtney L. Vaughan Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of Health Science, USA Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, Rm 2-2352, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
James K. Morris Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, Rm 2-2352, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Nancy E. Ortega Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, Rm 2-2352, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Sachin Sundar Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, Rm 2-2352, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Soundarya Soundararajan Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, Rm 2-2352, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Bethany L. Stangl Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, Rm 2-2352, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Joshua Gowin Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, Rm 2-2352, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
Sumedha Chawla Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, Rm 2-2352, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Nancy Diazgranados Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
Sherry A. McKee Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
Andrew Waters Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of Health Science, USA
Vijay A. Ramchandani Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, Rm 2-2352, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

Collapse

McKee SA, Verplaetse TL. A novel human laboratory alcohol self-administration paradigm for medication screening: Modeling the ability to resist drinking and heavy drinking. DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE REPORTS 2022;4:100085. [PMID: 36120181 PMCID: PMC9481061 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2022.100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]

Menthol Smoking and Nicotine Dependence among Black/African American Women Smokers Living in Low-Resource, Rural Communities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021;18:ijerph182010877. [PMID: 34682623 PMCID: PMC8535496 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]

Hartmann-Boyce J, Theodoulou A, Farley A, Hajek P, Lycett D, Jones LL, Kudlek L, Heath L, Hajizadeh A, Schenkels M, Aveyard P. Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021;10:CD006219. [PMID: 34611902 PMCID: PMC8493442 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd006219.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Most people who stop smoking gain weight. This can discourage some people from making a quit attempt and risks offsetting some, but not all, of the health advantages of quitting. Interventions to prevent weight gain could improve health outcomes, but there is a concern that they may undermine quitting.

OBJECTIVES

To systematically review the effects of: (1) interventions targeting post-cessation weight gain on weight change and smoking cessation (referred to as 'Part 1') and (2) interventions designed to aid smoking cessation that plausibly affect post-cessation weight gain (referred to as 'Part 2').

SEARCH METHODS

Part 1 - We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group's Specialized Register and CENTRAL; latest search 16 October 2020. Part 2 - We searched included studies in the following 'parent' Cochrane reviews: nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), antidepressants, nicotine receptor partial agonists, e-cigarettes, and exercise interventions for smoking cessation published in Issue 10, 2020 of the Cochrane Library. We updated register searches for the review of nicotine receptor partial agonists.

SELECTION CRITERIA

Part 1 - trials of interventions that targeted post-cessation weight gain and had measured weight at any follow-up point or smoking cessation, or both, six or more months after quit day. Part 2 - trials included in the selected parent Cochrane reviews reporting weight change at any time point.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

Screening and data extraction followed standard Cochrane methods. Change in weight was expressed as difference in weight change from baseline to follow-up between trial arms and was reported only in people abstinent from smoking. Abstinence from smoking was expressed as a risk ratio (RR). Where appropriate, we performed meta-analysis using the inverse variance method for weight, and Mantel-Haenszel method for smoking.

MAIN RESULTS

Part 1: We include 37 completed studies; 21 are new to this update. We judged five studies to be at low risk of bias, 17 to be at unclear risk and the remainder at high risk. An intermittent very low calorie diet (VLCD) comprising full meal replacement provided free of charge and accompanied by intensive dietitian support significantly reduced weight gain at end of treatment compared with education on how to avoid weight gain (mean difference (MD) -3.70 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI) -4.82 to -2.58; 1 study, 121 participants), but there was no evidence of benefit at 12 months (MD -1.30 kg, 95% CI -3.49 to 0.89; 1 study, 62 participants). The VLCD increased the chances of abstinence at 12 months (RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.73; 1 study, 287 participants). However, a second study found that no-one completed the VLCD intervention or achieved abstinence. Interventions aimed at increasing acceptance of weight gain reported mixed effects at end of treatment, 6 months and 12 months with confidence intervals including both increases and decreases in weight gain compared with no advice or health education. Due to high heterogeneity, we did not combine the data. These interventions increased quit rates at 6 months (RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.96; 4 studies, 619 participants; I2 = 21%), but there was no evidence at 12 months (RR 1.25, 95% CI 0.76 to 2.06; 2 studies, 496 participants; I2 = 26%). Some pharmacological interventions tested for limiting post-cessation weight gain (PCWG) reduced weight gain at the end of treatment (dexfenfluramine, phenylpropanolamine, naltrexone). The effects of ephedrine and caffeine combined, lorcaserin, and chromium were too imprecise to give useful estimates of treatment effects. There was very low-certainty evidence that personalized weight management support reduced weight gain at end of treatment (MD -1.11 kg, 95% CI -1.93 to -0.29; 3 studies, 121 participants; I2 = 0%), but no evidence in the longer-term 12 months (MD -0.44 kg, 95% CI -2.34 to 1.46; 4 studies, 530 participants; I2 = 41%). There was low to very low-certainty evidence that detailed weight management education without personalized assessment, planning and feedback did not reduce weight gain and may have reduced smoking cessation rates (12 months: MD -0.21 kg, 95% CI -2.28 to 1.86; 2 studies, 61 participants; I2 = 0%; RR for smoking cessation 0.66, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.90; 2 studies, 522 participants; I2 = 0%). Part 2: We include 83 completed studies, 27 of which are new to this update. There was low certainty that exercise interventions led to minimal or no weight reduction compared with standard care at end of treatment (MD -0.25 kg, 95% CI -0.78 to 0.29; 4 studies, 404 participants; I2 = 0%). However, weight was reduced at 12 months (MD -2.07 kg, 95% CI -3.78 to -0.36; 3 studies, 182 participants; I2 = 0%). Both bupropion and fluoxetine limited weight gain at end of treatment (bupropion MD -1.01 kg, 95% CI -1.35 to -0.67; 10 studies, 1098 participants; I2 = 3%); (fluoxetine MD -1.01 kg, 95% CI -1.49 to -0.53; 2 studies, 144 participants; I2 = 38%; low- and very low-certainty evidence, respectively). There was no evidence of benefit at 12 months for bupropion, but estimates were imprecise (bupropion MD -0.26 kg, 95% CI -1.31 to 0.78; 7 studies, 471 participants; I2 = 0%). No studies of fluoxetine provided data at 12 months. There was moderate-certainty that NRT reduced weight at end of treatment (MD -0.52 kg, 95% CI -0.99 to -0.05; 21 studies, 2784 participants; I2 = 81%) and moderate-certainty that the effect may be similar at 12 months (MD -0.37 kg, 95% CI -0.86 to 0.11; 17 studies, 1463 participants; I2 = 0%), although the estimates are too imprecise to assess long-term benefit. There was mixed evidence of the effect of varenicline on weight, with high-certainty evidence that weight change was very modestly lower at the end of treatment (MD -0.23 kg, 95% CI -0.53 to 0.06; 14 studies, 2566 participants; I2 = 32%); a low-certainty estimate gave an imprecise estimate of higher weight at 12 months (MD 1.05 kg, 95% CI -0.58 to 2.69; 3 studies, 237 participants; I2 = 0%).

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS

Overall, there is no intervention for which there is moderate certainty of a clinically useful effect on long-term weight gain. There is also no moderate- or high-certainty evidence that interventions designed to limit weight gain reduce the chances of people achieving abstinence from smoking.

Collapse

Blanco-Gandia MC, Montagud-Romero S, Rodríguez-Arias M. Binge eating and psychostimulant addiction. World J Psychiatry 2021;11:517-529. [PMID: 34631457 PMCID: PMC8475000 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i9.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Sheira LA, Frongillo EA, Hahn J, Palar K, Riley ED, Wilson TE, Adedimeji A, Merenstein D, Cohen M, Wentz EL, Adimora AA, Ofotokun I, Metsch L, Turan JM, Tien PC, Weiser SD. Relationship between food insecurity and smoking status among women living with and at risk for HIV in the USA: a cohort study. BMJ Open 2021;11:e054903. [PMID: 34489299 PMCID: PMC8422493 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

People living with HIV (PLHIV) in the USA, particularly women, have a higher prevalence of food insecurity than the general population. Cigarette smoking among PLHIV is common (42%), and PLHIV are 6-13 times more likely to die from lung cancer than AIDS-related causes. This study sought to investigate the associations between food security status and smoking status and severity among a cohort of predominantly low-income women of colour living with and without HIV in the USA.

DESIGN

Women enrolled in an ongoing longitudinal cohort study from 2013 to 2015.

SETTING

Nine participating sites across the USA.

PARTICIPANTS

2553 participants enrolled in the Food Insecurity Sub-Study of the Women's Interagency HIV Study, a multisite cohort study of US women living with HIV and demographically similar HIV-seronegative women.

OUTCOMES

Current cigarette smoking status and intensity were self-reported. We used cross-sectional and longitudinal logistic and Tobit regressions to assess associations of food security status and changes in food security status with smoking status and intensity.

RESULTS

The median age was 48. Most respondents were African-American/black (72%) and living with HIV (71%). Over half had annual incomes ≤US$12 000 (52%). Food insecurity (44%) and cigarette smoking (42%) were prevalent. In analyses adjusting for common sociodemographic characteristics, all categories of food insecurity were associated with greater odds of current smoking compared with food-secure women. Changes in food insecurity were also associated with increased odds of smoking. Any food insecurity was associated with higher smoking intensity.

CONCLUSIONS

Food insecurity over time was associated with smoking in this cohort of predominantly low-income women of colour living with or at risk of HIV. Integrating alleviation of food insecurity into smoking cessation programmes may be an effective method to reduce the smoking prevalence and disproportionate lung cancer mortality rate particularly among PLHIV.

Collapse

Affiliation(s)

Lila A Sheira Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
Edward A Frongillo Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina System, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
Judith Hahn Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
Kartika Palar Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
Elise D Riley Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
Tracey E Wilson Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
Adebola Adedimeji Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
Daniel Merenstein Family Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
Mardge Cohen Medicine, John H Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Eryka L Wentz School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Adaora A Adimora School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
Ighovwerha Ofotokun School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Lisa Metsch Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, New York, USA
Janet M Turan Department of Health Care Organization and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Phyllis C Tien Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
Sheri D Weiser Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA

Collapse

Pericot-Valverde I, Heo M, Litwin AH, Niu J, Gaalema DE. Modeling the effect of stress on vaping behavior among young adults: A randomized cross-over pilot study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021;225:108798. [PMID: 34091155 PMCID: PMC8504555 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]

Lydon-Staley D, MacLean R, Falk E, Bassett D, Wilson S. The feasibility of an in-scanner smoking lapse paradigm to examine the neural correlates of lapses. Addict Biol 2021;26:e13001. [PMID: 33508880 PMCID: PMC8225575 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]

Converging vulnerability factors for compulsive food and drug use. Neuropharmacology 2021;196:108556. [PMID: 33862029 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]

Cole CA, Powers S, Tomko RL, Froeliger B, Valafar H. Quantification of Smoking Characteristics Using Smartwatch Technology: Pilot Feasibility Study of New Technology. JMIR Form Res 2021;5:e20464. [PMID: 33544083 PMCID: PMC7895644 DOI: 10.2196/20464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open

Abstract

Background

While there have been many technological advances in studying the neurobiological and clinical basis of tobacco use disorder and nicotine addiction, there have been relatively minor advances in technologies for monitoring, characterizing, and intervening to prevent smoking in real time. Better understanding of real-time smoking behavior can be helpful in numerous applications without the burden and recall bias associated with self-report.

Objective

The goal of this study was to test the validity of using a smartwatch to advance the study of temporal patterns and characteristics of smoking in a controlled laboratory setting prior to its implementation in situ. Specifically, the aim was to compare smoking characteristics recorded by Automated Smoking PerceptIon and REcording (ASPIRE) on a smartwatch with the pocket Clinical Research Support System (CReSS) topography device, using video observation as the gold standard.

Methods

Adult smokers (N=27) engaged in a video-recorded laboratory smoking task using the pocket CReSS while also wearing a Polar M600 smartwatch. In-house software, ASPIRE, was used to record accelerometer data to identify the duration of puffs and interpuff intervals (IPIs). The recorded sessions from CReSS and ASPIRE were manually annotated to assess smoking topography. Agreement between CReSS-recorded and ASPIRE-recorded smoking behavior was compared.

Results

ASPIRE produced more consistent number of puffs and IPI durations relative to CReSS, when comparing both methods to visual puff count. In addition, CReSS recordings reported many implausible measurements in the order of milliseconds. After filtering implausible data recorded from CReSS, ASPIRE and CReSS produced consistent results for puff duration (R²=.79) and IPIs (R²=.73).

Conclusions

Agreement between ASPIRE and other indicators of smoking characteristics was high, suggesting that the use of ASPIRE is a viable method of passively characterizing smoking behavior. Moreover, ASPIRE was more accurate than CReSS for measuring puffs and IPIs. Results from this study provide the foundation for future utilization of ASPIRE to passively and accurately monitor and quantify smoking behavior in situ.

Collapse

Zhang X, Wang S, Liu Y, Chen H. More restriction, more overeating: conflict monitoring ability is impaired by food-thought suppression among restrained eaters. Brain Imaging Behav 2020;15:2069-2080. [PMID: 33033984 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]

The Transdiagnostic Nature of Cravings: Smoking Cessation and Food Craving in Pregnancy. Midwifery 2020;87:102730. [PMID: 32434103 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]

Fasting may increase incentive signaling for nonfood rewards. Nutr Res 2020;77:43-53. [PMID: 32315894 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]

Gass JC, Tiffany ST. Assessment of the Choice Behavior Under Cued Conditions (CBUCC) paradigm as a measure of motivation to smoke under laboratory conditions. Addiction 2020;115:302-312. [PMID: 31390087 DOI: 10.1111/add.14771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

The Choice Behavior under Cued Conditions (CBUCC) task uses three indices of tobacco use (consumption, money spent to access a cigarette and latency to reach for a cigarette) to assess motivation to smoke under laboratory conditions. Initial research with this procedure has shown that it can evince cue-specific craving and differential responding for smoking versus a neutral cue. This study aimed to replicate these findings and assess the interaction of cue-specific craving and behavior with abstinence prior to testing.

DESIGN

A mixed repeated-measures between-groups factorial design was used. Participants attended a morning laboratory session in which they were randomized to remain abstinent or smoke as usual (between-groups factor) and returned in the afternoon to complete CBUCC. In this, participants were exposed to 40 experimental trials. In each trial they were exposed to a cigarette or water cue behind a movable glass door (repeated-measures factor).

SETTING

University at Buffalo, New York, USA.

PARTICIPANTS

Participants were 106 daily non-treatment-seeking cigarette smokers, data from 102 were used.

MEASUREMENTS

On each of 40 trials, participants rated cigarette craving, and behavioral measures from the CBUCC (money spent, latency to access the cue, puff duration) were recorded.

FINDINGS

Craving and CBUCC behavioral measures showed high internal reliability across trials (Cronbach alphas ranged from 0.88 to 0.98). Craving and money spent were higher in trials with the cigarette cue than the water cue (F₍₁₁₀₀₎ = 45.49, P < 0.001 and F₍₁₁₀₀₎ = 116.26, P < 0.001). Other CBUCC measures did not show a significant effect of cue type. The difference in spending between cigarette and water cues was larger for abstinent participants than non-abstinent participants (F₍₁₁₀₀₎ = 5.0, P = 0.03). Other CBUCC measures did not show a significant interaction between abstinence and cue type. Craving on smoking trials was significantly correlated with cigarette spending (r = 0.54, P < 0.001) in the non-abstinence condition but not in the abstinence condition.

CONCLUSIONS

Craving and 'money spent' in the Choice Behavior under Cued Conditions task (CBUCC) appears to be responsive to cigarette versus water cues, and money spent appears to show greater difference in responsiveness to cigarette than water cues after abstinence.

Collapse

Lycett D, Aveyard P, Farmer A, Lewis A, Munafò M. Referral to Slimming World in UK Stop Smoking Services (SWISSS) versus stop smoking support alone on body weight in quitters: results of a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020;10:e032271. [PMID: 31988226 PMCID: PMC7045045 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Most people who stop smoking gain weight. Dietary modification may seem an obvious solution, but food restriction may increase cigarette craving and smoking relapse.

TRIAL DESIGN

An unblinded parallel randomised controlled trial.

METHODS

Participants were adult smokers with a body mass index greater or equal to 23 kg/m². Setting was National Health Service commissioned Stop Smoking Services, interventions were referral to a commercial weight management programme, plus stop smoking support (treatment group), compared with stop smoking support alone (control group). Objective was to compare weight change between interventions in smoking abstainers and not abstinent rates in all. Primary outcome was change in weight (kg) at 12 weeks. Randomisation sequence was computer generated and concealed until allocation.

RESULTS

Seventy-six participants were recruited, 37 were randomised to the treatment group and 39 to the control group. Change in weight was analysed in long-term abstainers (13 treatment, 14 control) only because the aim was to prevent weight gain associated with smoking cessation. Abstinence was analysed on an intention-to-treat basis (37 treatment, 39 control). At 12 weeks weight gain was less in the treatment than the control group with an adjusted mean difference of -2.3 kg 95% CI (-4.4 to -0.1). Craving scores were lower (Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale craving domain -1.6 (-2.7 to -0.5)) and quit rates were higher in the treatment than the control group (32% vs 21%), although the trial was not powered to superiority in cravings and quit rates. No adverse events or side effects were reported.

CONCLUSION

In people who are obese and want to quit smoking, these data provide modest encouragement that providing weight management at the time of quitting may be helpful. Those who are not obese, but who are informed about potential weight gain during their quit attempt, were uninterested in a weight management programme.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER

ISRCTN65705512.

Collapse

Powers JM, LaRowe LR, Heckman BW, Ditre JW. Pain characteristics and nicotine deprivation as predictors of performance during a laboratory paradigm of smoking cessation. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2019;34:341-350. [PMID: 31750703 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]

Abstract

Although smokers with co-occurring pain report expectations for experiencing greater nicotine withdrawal and difficulty quitting, limited work has examined the role of pain in cessation-related outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine clinically relevant pain characteristics (pain persistence, pain intensity, pain-related disability) as predictors of withdrawal and smoking lapse/relapse outcomes using a laboratory paradigm of cessation. Participants (N = 120 daily cigarette smokers; 48% male; M_age = 36.17, SD = 12.16; M_{Cigarettes Per Day} = 20.51, SD = 6.99) were randomized to either nondeprived or 12-hr nicotine deprivation conditions prior to an experimental study visit. Upon arrival to the laboratory, participants completed measures of pain characteristics and nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Primary outcomes included nicotine withdrawal scores and analogues of smoking lapse (latency to initiating smoking) and relapse (number of cigarettes smoked). We hypothesized that smokers with greater pain persistence, pain intensity, and pain-related disability would endorse more severe nicotine withdrawal and greater lapse/relapse behavior, and that these positive associations would be stronger among those who were nicotine deprived. Results indicated that, above and beyond the effect of nicotine deprivation, persistent pain predicted more severe nicotine withdrawal, and that greater pain-related disability predicted quicker latency to lapse during the laboratory paradigm. Contrary to expectation, nicotine deprivation did not moderate effects of pain characteristics on withdrawal or lapse/relapse outcomes. Clinical implications include that different pain processes may influence different cessation outcomes, and that smokers in pain may benefit from the provision of pharmacological aids to better control withdrawal symptoms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Collapse

Cortland CI, Shapiro JR, Guzman IY, Ray LA. The ironic effects of stigmatizing smoking: combining stereotype threat theory with behavioral pharmacology. Addiction 2019;114:1842-1848. [PMID: 31140666 DOI: 10.1111/add.14696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]

Effects of the Nicotinic Partial Agonist Varenicline on Smoking Lapse Behaviour in Schizophrenia. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ADDICTION 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/cxa.0000000000000052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]

De La Garza R, Shuman SL, Yammine L, Yoon JH, Salas R, Holst M. A Pilot Study of E-Cigarette Naïve Cigarette Smokers and the Effects on Craving After Acute Exposure to E-Cigarettes in the Laboratory. Am J Addict 2019;28:361-366. [PMID: 31066987 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open

Ovarian Hormones and Transdermal Nicotine Administration Independently and Synergistically Suppress Tobacco Withdrawal Symptoms and Smoking Reinstatement in the Human Laboratory. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018;43:828-837. [PMID: 28905874 PMCID: PMC5809791 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]

Boyraz G, Cherry ML, Cherry MA, Aarstad-Martin S, Cloud C, Shamp LM. Posttraumatic Stress, Coping Flexibility, and Risky Drinking Among Trauma-Exposed Male and Female College Students: The Mediating Effect of Delay of Gratification. Subst Use Misuse 2018;53:508-520. [PMID: 28857646 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1342658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]

Kim JE, Flentje A, Tsoh JY, Riley ED. Cigarette Smoking among Women Who Are Homeless or Unstably Housed: Examining the Role of Food Insecurity. J Urban Health 2017;94:514-524. [PMID: 28589340 PMCID: PMC5533665 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-017-0166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]

Millar BM. Clocking self-regulation: why time of day matters for health psychology. Health Psychol Rev 2017;11:345-357. [DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2017.1316673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]

Heckman BW, MacQueen DA, Marquinez NS, MacKillop J, Bickel WK, Brandon TH. Self-control depletion and nicotine deprivation as precipitants of smoking cessation failure: A human laboratory model. J Consult Clin Psychol 2017;85:381-396. [PMID: 28333537 PMCID: PMC5364802 DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]

Murphy CM, Owens MM, Sweet LH, MacKillop J. The substitutability of cigarettes and food: A behavioral economic comparison in normal weight and overweight or obese smokers. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2016;30:857-867. [PMID: 27736143 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]

Schepis TS, Tapscott BE, Krishnan-Sarin S. Stress-related increases in risk taking and attentional failures predict earlier relapse to smoking in young adults: A pilot investigation. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2016;24:110-9. [PMID: 26901590 PMCID: PMC4795968 DOI: 10.1037/pha0000066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]

Leventhal AM, Trujillo M, Ameringer KJ, Tidey JW, Sussman S, Kahler CW. Anhedonia and the relative reward value of drug and nondrug reinforcers in cigarette smokers. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015;123:375-86. [PMID: 24886011 DOI: 10.1037/a0036384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]

Heggen E, Svendsen M, Klemsdal TO, Tonstad S. Low Carbohydrate and Moderately Fat-Reduced Diets Similarly Affected Early Weight Gain in Varenicline-Treated Overweight or Obese Smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2015;18:1440-8. [PMID: 26242289 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntv164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Weight gain is common when stopping smoking. This study compared the effect of advising smokers to follow a diet low in carbohydrates versus a usual fat-reduced diet on weight gain and nicotine withdrawal.

METHODS

In a randomized clinical trial, 122 men and women smokers with body mass index 25-40kg/m(2) were assigned low-carbohydrate versus moderately fat-reduced diets. Within a week thereafter all participants started treatment with a 12-week course of varenicline 10 days prior to the target quit date. Brief dietary and motivational counseling was given at all visits. Self-reported abstinence was validated.

RESULTS

Protein intake in the low-carbohydrate versus fat-reduced diets was 26.4% of total energy versus 20.0%, fat 38.2% versus 30.1%, and carbohydrates 29.0% versus 41.7% (all P < .001). Mean weight changes for the low-carbohydrate versus fat-reduced groups were -1.2 (SD 2.2) versus -0.5 (SD 2.0) kg, -0.2 (SD 3.3) versus 0.5 (SD 2.6) kg, and 2.2 (SD 4.5) versus 2.1 (SD 3.9) kg at 4, 12, and 24 weeks after the target quit date, respectively (not statistically significant). Smoking abstinence rates did not differ between diets. In the combined groups, point prevalence abstinence rates were 71.0% at 12 weeks and 46.3% at 24 weeks. The Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms score was lower in the fat-reduced group compared with the low-carbohydrate group at weeks 4 and 12.

CONCLUSIONS

In overweight or obese smokers using varenicline a low-carbohydrate diet was no better than a fat-reduced diet in reducing weight gain but may result in more severe nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Compared to previous studies, cessation rates with varenicline were not impaired by dietary counseling.

IMPLICATIONS

The study implies that a popular low-carbohydrate diet does not result in greater weight loss than a moderately fat-reduced diet in overweight and obese smokers who are attempting to quit smoking with the aid of varenicline. Dietary counseling combined with varenicline treatment did not appear to unfavorably influence quit rates compared to previous studies in smokers not selected for overweight or obesity. Notably, the withdrawal symptoms score was lower in the fat-reduced dietary group than the low-carbohydrate group, suggesting a venue for further study.

Collapse

Roseberry AG. Acute fasting increases somatodendritic dopamine release in the ventral tegmental area. J Neurophysiol 2015;114:1072-82. [PMID: 26084913 DOI: 10.1152/jn.01008.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open

A preliminary study assessment of the nutritional status of alcohol dependent inpatients – cigarette smokers and non-smokers. ALCOHOLISM AND DRUG ADDICTION 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0867-4361(14)70025-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open

Langdon KJ, Leventhal AM. Posttraumatic stress symptoms and tobacco abstinence effects in a non-clinical sample: evaluating the mediating role of negative affect reduction smoking expectancies. J Psychopharmacol 2014;28:1009-17. [PMID: 25142407 PMCID: PMC4407802 DOI: 10.1177/0269881114546708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]

Zvolensky MJ, Farris SG, Guillot CR, Leventhal AM. Anxiety sensitivity as an amplifier of subjective and behavioral tobacco abstinence effects. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014;142:224-30. [PMID: 25015688 PMCID: PMC4127105 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Anxiety sensitivity, a transdiagnostic cognitive vulnerability factor described as an amplifier of negative emotional states, is implicated in the maintenance of cigarette smoking and cessation difficulties. The current study aimed to examine the role of anxiety sensitivity in predicting abstinence-induced changes in nicotine withdrawal, smoking urges and smoking behavior during an experimental relapse analogue task (RAT).

METHOD

Participants were 258 non-treatment seeking smokers (M [SD] age=44.0 [10.73]; 69.8% male). Participants attended two counterbalanced experimental sessions including smoking deprivation (16 h of smoking abstinence) and smoking as usual. The Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) and Brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU) were completed at each session in addition to the RAT. Hierarchical regressions were conducted to examine the predictive impact of anxiety sensitivity on withdrawal and urges during smoking deprivation. Follow-up mediational analyses were conducted to examine whether abstinence-induced withdrawal and urges mediated responding during the RAT.

RESULTS

Anxiety sensitivity amplified the effects of experimentally manipulated acute abstinence on subjective nicotine withdrawal symptoms and smoking urges. Additionally, higher levels of anxiety sensitivity indirectly predicted shorter latency to smoking initiation after deprivation during the RAT through the effects of greater abstinence-induced nicotine withdrawal and smoking urges. Anxiety sensitivity was unrelated to increased smoking during the RAT, although this may be partially attributed to the type of laboratory assessment employed.

CONCLUSIONS

Elevated anxiety sensitivity appears to impact initiation of smoking after nicotine deprivation through the effects of abstinence-induced withdrawal and smoking urges.

Collapse

Day AM, Kahler CW, Spillane NS, Metrik J, Rohsenow DJ. Length of smoking deprivation moderates the effects of alcohol administration on urge to smoke. Addict Behav 2014;39:976-9. [PMID: 24556154 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]

Factors associated with weight changes in successful quitters participating in a smoking cessation program. Addict Behav 2014;39:239-45. [PMID: 24140303 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]

Stein KF, Chen DG(D, Corte C, Keller C, Trabold N. Disordered eating behaviors in young adult Mexican American women: prevalence and associations with health risks. Eat Behav 2013;14:476-83. [PMID: 24183140 PMCID: PMC5731461 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]

Elman I, Borsook D, Volkow ND. Pain and suicidality: insights from reward and addiction neuroscience. Prog Neurobiol 2013;109:1-27. [PMID: 23827972 PMCID: PMC4827340 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]

Abstract

Suicidality is exceedingly prevalent in pain patients. Although the pathophysiology of this link remains unclear, it may be potentially related to the partial congruence of physical and emotional pain systems. The latter system's role in suicide is also conspicuous during setbacks and losses sustained in the context of social attachments. Here we propose a model based on the neural pathways mediating reward and anti-reward (i.e., allostatic adjustment to recurrent activation of the reward circuitry); both are relevant etiologic factors in pain, suicide and social attachments. A comprehensive literature search on neurobiology of pain and suicidality was performed. The collected articles were critically reviewed and relevant data were extracted and summarized within four key areas: (1) physical and emotional pain, (2) emotional pain and social attachments, (3) pain- and suicide-related alterations of the reward and anti-reward circuits as compared to addiction, which is the premier probe for dysfunction of these circuits and (4) mechanistically informed treatments of co-occurring pain and suicidality. Pain-, stress- and analgesic drugs-induced opponent and proponent states of the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathways may render reward and anti-reward systems vulnerable to sensitization, cross-sensitization and aberrant learning of contents and contexts associated with suicidal acts and behaviors. These findings suggest that pain patients exhibit alterations in the brain circuits mediating reward (depressed function) and anti-reward (sensitized function) that may affect their proclivity for suicide and support pain and suicidality classification among other "reward deficiency syndromes" and a new proposal for "enhanced anti-reward syndromes". We suggest that interventions aimed at restoring the balance between the reward and anti-reward networks in patients with chronic pain may help decreasing their suicide risk.

Collapse

Acker J, MacKillop J. Behavioral economic analysis of cue-elicited craving for tobacco: a virtual reality study. Nicotine Tob Res 2013;15:1409-16. [PMID: 23322768 PMCID: PMC3715390 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/nts341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]

Leeman RF, Corbin WR, Nogueira C, Krishnan-Sarin S, Potenza MN, O'Malley SS. A human alcohol self-administration paradigm to model individual differences in impaired control over alcohol use. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2013;21:303-14. [PMID: 23937598 PMCID: PMC4131292 DOI: 10.1037/a0033438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]

Abstract

We developed an alcohol self-administration paradigm to model individual differences in impaired control. The paradigm includes moderate drinking guidelines meant to model limits on alcohol consumption, which are typically exceeded by people with impaired control. Possible payment reductions provided a disincentive for excessive drinking. Alcohol use above the guideline, despite possible pay reductions, was considered to be indicative of impaired control. Heavy-drinking 21- to 25-year-olds (n = 39) were randomized to an experimental condition including the elements of the impaired control paradigm or to a free-drinking condition without these elements. Alcohol self-administration was compared between these two conditions to establish the internal validity of the experimental paradigm. In both conditions, participants self-administered beer and nonalcoholic beverages for 3 hours in a bar setting with 1-3 other participants. Experimental condition participants self-administered significantly fewer beers and drank to lower blood-alcohol concentrations (BACs) on average than those in the free-drinking condition. Experimental condition participants were more likely than free-drinking condition participants to intersperse nonalcoholic beverages with beer and to drink at a slower pace. Although experimental condition participants drank more moderately than those in the free-drinking condition overall, their range of drinking was considerable (BAC range = .024-.097), with several participants drinking excessively. A lower initial subjective response to alcohol and earlier age of alcohol use onset were associated with greater alcohol self-administration in the experimental condition. Given the variability in response, the impaired control laboratory paradigm may have utility for preliminary tests of novel interventions in future studies and for identifying individual differences in problem-drinking risk.

Collapse

Pang RD, Leventhal AM. Sex differences in negative affect and lapse behavior during acute tobacco abstinence: a laboratory study. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2013;21:269-76. [PMID: 23834551 PMCID: PMC3962304 DOI: 10.1037/a0033429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]

Lycett D, Aveyard P, Farmer A, Lewis A, Munafò M. Slimming World in Stop Smoking Services (SWISSS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2013;14:182. [PMID: 23782870 PMCID: PMC3698185 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-14-182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open

Abstract

Background

Quitting smokers gain weight. This deters some from trying to stop smoking and may explain the increased incidence of type 2 diabetes after cessation. Dieting when stopping smoking may be counterproductive. Hunger increases cravings for smoking and tackling two behaviours together may undermine quitting success. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed individualized dietary support may prevent weight gain, although there is insufficient evidence whether it undermines smoking cessation. Commercial weight management providers (CWMPs), such as Slimming World, provide individualized dietary support for National Health Service (NHS) patients; however, there is no evidence that they can prevent cessation-related weight gain.

Our objective is to determine whether attending Slimming World from quit date, through referral from NHS Stop Smoking Services, is more effective than usual care at preventing cessation-related weight gain.

Methods

This RCT will examine the effectiveness of usual cessation support plus referral to Slimming World compared to usual cessation support alone. Healthy weight, overweight and obese adult smokers attending Stop Smoking Services will be included. The primary outcome is weight change in quitters 12 weeks post-randomization. Multivariable linear regression analysis will compare weight change between trial arms and adjust for known predictors of cessation-related weight gain.

We will recruit 320 participants, with 160 participants in each arm. An alpha error rate of 5% and 90% power will detect a 2 kg (SD = 2.5) difference in weight gain at 12 weeks, assuming 20% remain abstinent by then.

Discussion

This trial will establish whether referral to the 12-week Slimming World programme plus usual care is an effective intervention to prevent cessation-related weight gain. If so, we will seek to establish whether weight control comes at the expense of a successful quit attempt in a further non-inferiority trial.

Positive results from both these trials would provide a potential solution to cessation-related weight gain, which could be rolled out across England within Stop Smoking Services to better meet the needs of 0.75 million smokers stopping with NHS support every year.

Trial registration

Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN65705512

Collapse

Sweitzer MM, Denlinger RL, Donny EC. Dependence and withdrawal-induced craving predict abstinence in an incentive-based model of smoking relapse. Nicotine Tob Res 2012;15:36-43. [PMID: 22513801 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/nts080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Understanding factors that render some individuals more vulnerable to smoking relapse during the early stages of a quit attempt is critical to tailoring treatment efforts. Development of laboratory models of relapse can provide a framework for identifying underlying mechanisms that may contribute to vulnerability. Here, we explored predictors of abstinence in a novel incentive-based model of relapse.

METHODS

Fifty-six nontreatment seeking daily smokers completed several nicotine dependence measures prior to participating in a 1-week abstinence incentive test. During the abstinence procedure, participants earned monetary reinforcement for each biochemically verified day of abstinence according to a descending schedule of reinforcement.

RESULTS

Compliance with the procedure was excellent. All but 3 participants were able to initiate abstinence; nearly 70% lapsed as incentives were reduced. Scores on the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), number of cigarettes smoked per day, and self-reported craving on the first day of abstinence each independently predicted time to lapse. The single item of time to first cigarette in the morning on the FTND significantly predicted time to lapse, even when controlling for other significant predictors just listed. The Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS) and Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives did not predict lapse, but the NDSS did predict reinitiation of abstinence among those experiencing an initial lapse.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings partially replicate those of previous full-scale clinical trials and support the feasibility and validity of an incentive-based model of relapse. The time-limited and laboratory-based nature of this model has the potential to further investigations of underlying mechanisms contributing to relapse.

Collapse

MacKillop J, Brown CL, Stojek MK, Murphy CM, Sweet L, Niaura RS. Behavioral economic analysis of withdrawal- and cue-elicited craving for tobacco: an initial investigation. Nicotine Tob Res 2012;14:1426-34. [PMID: 22416117 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/nts006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The role of craving in nicotine dependence remains controversial and may be a function of measurement challenges. The current study used behavioral economic approach to test the hypotheses that subjective craving from acute withdrawal and exposure to tobacco cues dynamically increases the relative value of cigarettes.

METHODS

Using a 2 (1-hr/12-hr deprivation) × 2 (neutral/tobacco cues) within-subjects design, 33 nicotine dependent adults completed 2 laboratory sessions. Assessment included subjective craving and behavioral economic indices of cigarette demand, namely Intensity (i.e., cigarette consumption at zero cost), O(max) (i.e., maximum total expenditure), Breakpoint (i.e., highest acceptable price for cigarettes), P(max) (i.e., price at which consumption becomes sensitive to price), and elasticity (i.e., price sensitivity). Behavioral economic indices were generated using a Cigarette Purchase Task in which participants selected between cigarettes for a subsequent 2-hr self-administration period and money.

RESULTS

Main effects of deprivation and tobacco cues were present for subjective craving and multiple behavioral economic indices of cigarette demand. Interestingly, deprivation significantly increased Breakpoint (p ≤ .01) and P(max) (p ≤ .05) and had trend-level effects on Intensity and O(max) (p ≤ .10); whereas cues significantly reduced elasticity (p ≤ .01), reflecting lower sensitivity to increasing prices. Heterogeneous associations were evident among the motivational variables but with aggregations suggesting variably overlapping motivational channels.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings further support a behavioral economic approach to craving and a multidimensional conception of acute motivation for addictive drugs. Methodological considerations, including potential order effects, and the need for further refinement of these findings are discussed.

Collapse

Blunted vagal reactivity predicts stress-precipitated tobacco smoking. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012;220:259-68. [PMID: 21938416 PMCID: PMC3260347 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2473-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]

Abstract

RATIONALE

Long-term smoking can lead to changes in autonomic function, including decreased vagal tone and altered stress responses. One index of the inability to adapt to stress may be blunted vagal reactivity. Stress is a primary mechanism involved in relapse to smoking, but mechanisms leading to stress-precipitated relapse are not well understood.

OBJECTIVES

Using an experimental paradigm of stress-precipitated smoking behavior, we examined whether autonomic reactivity mediates the relationship between stress and smoking. High-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), a putative measure of vagal tone, and the ratio of low-to-high frequency HRV (LF/HF), a measure of sympathovagal balance, were assessed.

METHODS

Using a within-subjects design, 32 nicotine-dependent, 15-h abstinent smokers (a subgroup from McKee et al. (J Psychopharmacol 25(4):490-502, 2011)) were exposed to individualized script-driven imagery of stressful and relaxing scenarios and assessed on the ability to resist smoking and subsequent ad-lib smoking. HRV was monitored throughout each laboratory session (maximum 60 min following imagery).

RESULTS

As expected, stress and ad-lib smoking additively decreased HF-HRV and increased LF/HF. Blunted stress-induced HF-HRV responses reflecting decreased vagal reactivity were associated with less time to initiate smoking and increased craving relief and reinforcement from smoking. These relationships were specific to HF-HRV following stress as neither baseline HF-HRV, HF-HRV following relaxing imagery, or LF/HF predicted smoking behavior.

CONCLUSIONS

The current findings are the first to experimentally demonstrate that stress-precipitated decreased vagal reactivity predicts the ability to resist smoking. Findings suggest that strategies that normalize vagal reactivity in early abstinent smokers may lead to improved smoking cessation outcomes.

Collapse

Farley AC, Hajek P, Lycett D, Aveyard P. Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;1:CD006219. [PMID: 22258966 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd006219.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Most people who stop smoking gain weight. There are some interventions that have been designed to reduce weight gain when stopping smoking. Some smoking cessation interventions may also limit weight gain although their effect on weight has not been reviewed.

OBJECTIVES

To systematically review the effect of: (1) Interventions targeting post-cessation weight gain on weight change and smoking cessation.(2) Interventions designed to aid smoking cessation that may also plausibly affect weight on post-cessation weight change.

SEARCH METHODS

Part 1 - We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group's Specialized Register and CENTRAL in September 2011.Part 2 - In addition we searched the included studies in the following "parent" Cochrane reviews: nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), antidepressants, nicotine receptor partial agonists, cannabinoid type 1 receptor antagonists and exercise interventions for smoking cessation published in Issue 9, 2011 of the Cochrane Library.

SELECTION CRITERIA

Part 1 - We included trials of interventions that were targeted at post-cessation weight gain and had measured weight at any follow up point and/or smoking cessation six or more months after quit day.Part 2 - We included trials that had been included in the selected parent Cochrane reviews if they had reported weight gain at any time point.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

We extracted data on baseline characteristics of the study population, intervention, outcome and study quality. Change in weight was expressed as difference in weight change from baseline to follow up between trial arms and was reported in abstinent smokers only. Abstinence from smoking was expressed as a risk ratio (RR). We used the most rigorous definition of abstinence available in each trial. Where appropriate, we performed meta-analysis using the inverse variance method for weight and Mantel-Haenszel method for smoking using a fixed-effect model.

MAIN RESULTS

Part 1: Some pharmacological interventions tested for limiting post cessation weight gain (PCWG) resulted in a significant reduction in WG at the end of treatment (dexfenfluramine (Mean difference (MD) -2.50 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.98 to -2.02, 1 study), phenylpropanolamine (MD -0.50 kg, 95% CI -0.80 to -0.20, N=3), naltrexone (MD -0.78 kg, 95% CI -1.52 to -0.05, N=2). There was no evidence that treatment reduced weight at 6 or 12 months (m). No pharmacological intervention significantly affected smoking cessation rates.Weight management education only was associated with no reduction in PCWG at end of treatment (6 or 12m). However these interventions significantly reduced abstinence at 12m (Risk ratio (RR) 0.66, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.90, N=2). Personalised weight management support reduced PCWG at 12m (MD -2.58 kg, 95% CI -5.11 to -0.05, N=2) and was not associated with a significant reduction of abstinence at 12m (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.43, N=2). A very low calorie diet (VLCD) significantly reduced PCWG at end of treatment (MD -3.70 kg, 95% CI -4.82 to -2.58, N=1), but not significantly so at 12m (MD -1.30 kg, 95% CI -3.49 to 0.89, N=1). The VLCD increased chances of abstinence at 12m (RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.73, N=1). There was no evidence that cognitive behavioural therapy to allay concern about weight gain (CBT) reduced PCWG, but there was some evidence of increased PCWG at 6m (MD 0.74, 95% CI 0.24 to 1.24). It was associated with improved abstinence at 6m (RR 1.83, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.13, N=2) but not at 12m (RR 1.25, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.86, N=2). However, there was significant statistical heterogeneity.Part 2: We found no evidence that exercise interventions significantly reduced PCWG at end of treatment (MD -0.25 kg, 95% CI -0.78 to 0.29, N=4) however a significant reduction was found at 12m (MD -2.07 kg, 95% CI -3.78 to -0.36, N=3).Both bupropion and fluoxetine limited PCWG at the end of treatment (bupropion MD -1.12 kg, 95% CI -1.47 to -0.77, N=7) (fluoxetine MD -0.99 kg, 95% CI -1.36 to -0.61, N=2). There was no evidence that the effect persisted at 6m (bupropion MD -0.58 kg, 95% CI -2.16 to 1.00, N=4), (fluoxetine MD -0.01 kg, 95% CI -1.11 to 1.10, N=2) or 12m (bupropion MD -0.38 kg, 95% CI -2.00 to 1.24, N=4). There were no data on WG at 12m for fluoxetine.Overall, treatment with NRT attenuated PCWG at the end of treatment (MD -0.69 kg, 95% CI -0.88 to -0.51, N=19), with no strong evidence that the effect differed for the different forms of NRT. There was evidence of significant statistical heterogeneity caused by one study which reported a 4.3 kg reduction in PCWG due to NRT. With this study removed, the difference in weight change at end of treatment was -0.45 kg (95% CI -0.66 to -0.27, N=18). There was no evidence of an effect on PCWG at 12m (MD -0.42 kg, 95% CI -0.92 to 0.08, N=15).We found evidence that varenicline significantly reduced PCWG at end of treatment (MD -0.41 kg, 95% CI -0.63 to -0.19, N=11), but this effect was not maintained at 6 or 12m. Three studies compared the effect of bupropion to varenicline. Participants taking bupropion gained significantly less weight at the end of treatment (-0.51 kg (95% CI -0.93 to -0.09 kg), N=3). Direct comparison showed no significant difference in PCWG between varenicline and NRT.

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS

Although some pharmacotherapies tested to limit PCWG show evidence of short-term success, other problems with them and the lack of data on long-term efficacy limits their use. Weight management education only, is not effective and may reduce abstinence. Personalised weight management support may be effective and not reduce abstinence, but there are too few data to be sure. One study showed a VLCD increased abstinence but did not prevent WG in the longer term. CBT to accept WG did not limit PCWG and may not promote abstinence in the long term. Exercise interventions significantly reduced weight in the long term, but not the short term. More studies are needed to clarify whether this is an effect of treatment or a chance finding. Bupropion, fluoxetine, NRT and varenicline reduce PCWG while using the medication. Although this effect was not maintained one year after stopping smoking, the evidence is insufficient to exclude a modest long-term effect. The data are not sufficient to make strong clinical recommendations for effective programmes to prevent weight gain after cessation.

Collapse

Hogarth L. The role of impulsivity in the aetiology of drug dependence: reward sensitivity versus automaticity. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011;215:567-80. [PMID: 21301818 PMCID: PMC3090566 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]

Donny EC, Caggiula AR, Weaver MT, Levin ME, Sved AF. The reinforcement-enhancing effects of nicotine: implications for the relationship between smoking, eating and weight. Physiol Behav 2011;104:143-8. [PMID: 21549139 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]

Gold MS. From bedside to bench and back again: a 30-year saga. Physiol Behav 2011;104:157-61. [PMID: 21530563 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]