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Epstein LH, Apolzan JW, Moore M, Neuwald NV, Faith MS. Using Metabolic Testing to Personalize Behavioral Obesity Treatment. Obes Sci Pract 2025; 11:e70065. [PMID: 40070464 PMCID: PMC11894463 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.70065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Revised: 12/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Background There are large individual differences in weight loss and maintenance. Metabolic testing can provide phenotypical information that can be used to personalize treatment so that people remain in negative energy balance during weight loss and remain in energy balance during maintenance. Behavioral testing can assess the reinforcing value and change in the temporal window related to the personalized diet and exercise program to motivate people to maintain engagement in healthier eating and activity programs. Objective Provide an expository overview of how metabolic testing can be used to personalize weight control. Ideas about incorporating behavioral economic concepts are also included. Methods A broad overview of how resting metabolic rate, thermic effect of food and respiratory quotient can be used to improve weight control. Also discussed are behavioral economic principles that can maximize adherence to diet and activity protocols. Results Research suggests that measuring metabolic rate can be used to set calorie goals for weight loss and maintenance, thermic effect of food to increase energy expenditure, and respiratory quotient to guide macronutrient composition of the diet and maximize fat loss. Developing programs that foster a strong motivation to eat healthier and be active can maximize treatment success. Conclusion Incorporating metabolic measures can personalize behavioral weight loss programs, and the use of behavioral economic principles can increase the probability of adherence and long-term success in weight control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard H. Epstein
- Department of PediatricsJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNew YorkUSA
| | - John W. Apolzan
- Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State University SystemBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Molly Moore
- Department of CounselingSchool and Educational PsychologyUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNew YorkUSA
| | - Nicholas V. Neuwald
- Department of PediatricsJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNew YorkUSA
| | - Myles S. Faith
- Department of CounselingSchool and Educational PsychologyUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNew YorkUSA
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Zickgraf HF. Editorial: Limitations on the Predictive Validity of the Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Diagnosis. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2025; 64:117-119. [PMID: 39153720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) first entered the psychiatric nosology with the 2013 publication of DSM-5. Unlike binge eating disorder (BED), which was also new to DSM-5 but which had first been described by Stunkard in 1959,1,2 ARFID had never been described in the psychiatric literature as a single diagnostic entity. The new diagnosis encompassed clinical constructs that were previously proposed and studied but not described in DSM (ie, causes of "non-organic failure to thrive" including infantile anorexia and post-traumatic feeding disorder,3 and extreme food selectivity in children with autism spectrum disorder4) and the DSM-IV Feeding Disorder of Infancy and Early Childhood (FDIEC).5 The ARFID diagnosis supplanted FDIEC and incorporated earlier descriptions of pediatric feeding problems into a lifespan diagnosis for patients with restrictive eating characterized by food selectivity, poor appetite/lack of interest in eating, or fear of aversive consequences of eating that led to significant weight loss or failure to grow, nutritional deficiency, supplement dependence, and/or psychosocial impairment. Because the diagnosis was so new when DSM-5 was published, the ARFID criteria were not yet supported by descriptive psychopathology research in population-based or clinical samples. Kambanis et al.6 have made an important contribution to the descriptive psychopathology of ARFID by describing the naturalistic illness course over 2 years in a well-characterized adolescent and adult sample.6 In addition to providing novel information about the course of ARFID, findings from Kambanis et al.6 highlight and illustrate 3 limitations of the predictive validity of the current DSM-5-TR ARFID criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana F Zickgraf
- Rogers Behavioral Health, Oconomowoc, Wisconsin and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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3
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Pereira T, Mocellin MC, Curioni C. Association between ultraprocessed foods consumption, eating disorders, food addiction and body image: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e091223. [PMID: 39806616 PMCID: PMC11664383 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 11/28/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the association between ultraprocessed foods (UPF) consumption, eating disorders (EDs), food addiction and body image concerns. DESIGN Systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. DATA SOURCES Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, LILACS and APA PsycInfo databases, for studies published between 2009 and July 2024. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA We included cross-sectional and cohort studies involving individuals of all ages, evaluating the association between UPF consumption, classified by the 'NOVA system', EDs, food addiction and body image. No restrictions were placed on diagnostic criteria, age and gender. Studies that modelled UPF consumption as both an exposure and an outcome were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. RESULTS We did not identify any longitudinal studies. Nine cross-sectional studies were included (n=54 367 participants). One study assessed EDs types, including restrictive, bulimic, binge eating and other (not otherwise specified); three studies examined body dissatisfaction, while five studies investigated food addiction. The consumption of UPF was significantly associated with bulimic, binge eating and other ED and food addiction. No significant associations were identified between restrictive ED and body dissatisfaction. CONCLUSION This systematic review highlights a significant gap in research on this topic. Although some associations have been found, the findings are limited to cross-sectional studies with methodological limitations. The lack of longitudinal studies emphasises the need for more rigorous research to accurately assess the direction of these relationships. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022365154.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamíris Pereira
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michel Carlos Mocellin
- Fundamental Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cintia Curioni
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Weissman RS, Martin-Wagar CA, Attaway S, Penwell T, Hogan A, Pruscino I. Taking Steps Toward a Consensus on Night Eating Syndrome Diagnostic Criteria. Int J Eat Disord 2024; 57:2341-2358. [PMID: 39431409 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Night eating syndrome (NES) is included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 5th edition, as an example of "Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders" with minimal guidance about how to define and operationalize NES. The literature suggests that research practices vary widely, making it difficult to draw conclusions about the public health burden of, effective interventions for, or policy implications relevant to NES. This Forum article seeks to illustrate the lack of definitional agreement to underscore the need for a consensus about NES diagnostic criteria, and to propose steps toward closing knowledge gaps and achieving consensus. METHOD We searched PubMed and PsycINFO titles and abstracts, using "NES" as the search term, for research articles published in English between January 1, 2013 to August 12, 2024 with sample sizes of NES > 10 and ages 18 or older. Eligible articles were coded for NES definitions and assessment method used to diagnose participants with NES and for information about comorbidity of NES and any other eating disorder (ED). RESULTS Seventy-three articles met inclusion criteria. Most commonly, NES was diagnosed using a diagnostic criteria set (35/73) or a symptom score threshold (34/73); among the former, only eight studies employed DSM-5 NES criteria. Thirteen studies, varying widely in methodology, examined comorbidity with other EDs, most commonly binge-eating disorder where comorbidity was high. CONCLUSION Heterogeneity of definitions and assessment impede progress in the study of NES. We propose strategies for developing a consensus definition and addressing research gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah Attaway
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | - Taylor Penwell
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | - Ava Hogan
- Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, USA
| | - Isabella Pruscino
- Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, USA
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Himmerich H, Gravina D, Schalinski I, Willmund GD, Zimmermann PL, Keeler JL, Treasure J. Eating- and Weight-Related Disorders in the Armed Forces. Metabolites 2024; 14:667. [PMID: 39728448 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14120667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2024] [Revised: 11/17/2024] [Accepted: 11/28/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Like in the general population, the prevalences of eating- and weight-related health issues in the armed forces are increasing. Relevant medical conditions include the eating disorders (EDs) anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), as well as body dysmorphic disorder, muscle dysmorphia, and the relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) syndrome. METHODS We performed a narrative literature review on eating- and weight-related disorders in the armed forces. RESULTS Entry standards might exclude people with obesity, with EDs, or at high risk for EDs from entering the armed forces for military reasons and to protect the individual's health. Relevant potential risk factors of eating- and weight-related disorders in the military are the emphasis on appearance and fitness in the military, high levels of stress, military sexual trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, deployment, relocation, long commutes, consumption of ultra-processed foods and beverages, limitations on food selection and physical exercise, and intensive combat training and field exercises. Eating- and weight-related disorders negatively impact professional military appearance and lead to problems with cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular fitness; daytime sleepiness; and a higher risk of musculoskeletal injuries, and other physical and mental health problems. Current and potential future therapeutic options include occupational health measures, psychosocial therapies, neuromodulation, and drug treatments. CONCLUSIONS Even though randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been performed to test treatments for obesity in the armed forces, RCTs for the treatment of EDs, body dysmorphic disorder, muscle dysmorphia, and RED-S syndrome are lacking in the military context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubertus Himmerich
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham BR3 3BX, UK
- Bundeswehr Center for Military Mental Health, Military Hospital Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Davide Gravina
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Inga Schalinski
- Department of Human Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Gerd-Dieter Willmund
- Bundeswehr Center for Military Mental Health, Military Hospital Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Lutz Zimmermann
- Bundeswehr Center for Military Mental Health, Military Hospital Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Federal Ministry of Defence, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Louise Keeler
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Janet Treasure
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham BR3 3BX, UK
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Hay P, de Moraes CEF, Appolinario JC. Can we effectively manage binge eating disorder with pharmacotherapy? Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:2235-2241. [PMID: 39568427 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2428371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pharmacological and other treatments for binge eating disorder (BED) predate its inclusion as the third main eating disorder in the 2013 DSM-5. Currently, second in line to psychological therapy are psychotropics such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants and stimulants. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the evidence and emerging evidence on the pharmacotherapies for BED and their potential for wider use. EXPERT OPINION Pharmacotherapy has utility as an alternative or adjunctive treatment for those exhibiting insufficient response to, or not preferencing, psychological interventions. Medications may also benefit individuals with BED and other co-occurring mental health conditions, such as depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In addition, there are several agents (e.g. glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists and the combination of naltrexone-bupropion) displaying promise for weight and binge eating reduction in people with BED and high BMI. Future research should extend the understanding of the role of medication in BED, focusing on their sustained effects over time, when and if they may be ceased, their effectiveness in people with adequate weight, and the risks associated with weight loss in those with BED and high weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
- Mental Health Services, South West Sydney Local Health District (SWSLHD), Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Jose Carlos Appolinario
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group (GOTA), Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Burak MF, Stanley TL, Lawson EA, Campbell SL, Lynch L, Hasty AH, Domingos AI, Dixit VD, Hotamışlıgil GS, Sheedy FJ, Dixon AE, Brinkley TE, Hill JA, Donath MY, Grinspoon SK. Adiposity, immunity, and inflammation: interrelationships in health and disease: a report from 24th Annual Harvard Nutrition Obesity Symposium, June 2023. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 120:257-268. [PMID: 38705359 PMCID: PMC11347817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapidly evolving field of immunometabolism explores how changes in local immune environments may affect key metabolic and cellular processes, including that of adipose tissue. Importantly, these changes may contribute to low-grade systemic inflammation. In turn, chronic low-grade inflammation affecting adipose tissue may exacerbate the outcome of metabolic diseases. Novel advances in our understanding of immunometabolic processes may critically lead to interventions to reduce disease severity and progression. An important example in this regard relates to obesity, which has a multifaceted effect on immunity, activating the proinflammatory pathways such as the inflammasome and disrupting cellular homeostasis. This multifaceted effect of obesity can be investigated through study of downstream conditions using cellular and systemic investigative techniques. To further explore this field, the National Institutes of Health P30 Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard, in partnership with Harvard Medical School, assembled experts to present at its 24th Annual Symposium entitled "Adiposity, Immunity, and Inflammation: Interrelationships in Health and Disease" on 7 June, 2023. This manuscript seeks to synthesize and present key findings from the symposium, highlighting new research and novel disease-specific advances in the field. Better understanding the interaction between metabolism and immunity offers promising preventative and treatment therapies for obesity-related immunometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Furkan Burak
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Molecular Metabolism and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Takara L Stanley
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Lawson
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sophia L Campbell
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lydia Lynch
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alyssa H Hasty
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Ana I Domingos
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vishwa D Dixit
- Department of Pathology, Department of Comparative Medicine, Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, and Yale Center for Research on Aging, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Gökhan S Hotamışlıgil
- Department of Molecular Metabolism and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Frederick J Sheedy
- School of Biochemistry & Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne E Dixon
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Tina E Brinkley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Marc Y Donath
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Steven K Grinspoon
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Lewis YD, Bergner L, Steinberg H, Bentley J, Himmerich H. Pharmacological Studies in Eating Disorders: A Historical Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:594. [PMID: 38474723 PMCID: PMC11154472 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are serious mental health conditions characterised by impaired eating behaviours and nutrition as well as disturbed body image, entailing considerable mortality and morbidity. Psychopharmacological medication is an important component in the treatment of EDs. In this review, we performed a historic analysis of pharmacotherapeutic research in EDs based on the scientific studies included in the recently published World Federation of Societies for Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for ED treatment. This analysis focuses on early approaches and trends in the methods of clinical pharmacological research in EDs, for example, the sample sizes of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We found the development of psychopharmacological treatments for EDs followed advancements in psychiatric pharmacotherapy. However, the application of RCTs to the study of pharmacotherapy for EDs may be an impediment as limited participant numbers and inadequate research funding impede generalisability and statistical power. Moreover, current medication usage often deviates from guideline recommendations. In conclusion, the RCT model may not effectively capture the complexities of ED treatment, and funding limitations hinder research activity. Novel genetically/biologically based treatments are warranted. A more comprehensive understanding of EDs and individualised approaches should guide research and drug development for improved treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael D. Lewis
- Hadarim Eating Disorders Unit, Shalvata Mental Health Centre, Hod Hasharon 4534708, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Lukas Bergner
- Forschungsstelle für die Geschichte der Psychiatrie, Klinik und Poliklinik Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (L.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Holger Steinberg
- Forschungsstelle für die Geschichte der Psychiatrie, Klinik und Poliklinik Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (L.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Jessica Bentley
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (J.B.); (H.H.)
| | - Hubertus Himmerich
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (J.B.); (H.H.)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London BR3 3BX, UK
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Sze KYP, Yeung JSK, So LK, Kim JH. Factors Associated With Binge Eating Among Chinese University Students in Hong Kong. Asia Pac J Public Health 2023; 35:433-436. [PMID: 37635379 DOI: 10.1177/10105395231197898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Binge eating (BE), defined as uncontrolled overconsumption of food, is associated with poorer health status. We aimed to characterize the factors associated with BE among Chinese college students. University students from two universities in Hong Kong (n = 267) completed an anonymous online questionnaire that contained background questions, the Binge Eating Disorder Screener-7, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), and Adolescent Lifestyle Questionnaire (ALQ) between June and August 2022. Multiple logistic regression and two-sample independent t-test were conducted to test the association of study variables with BE. In this university sample, 36.8% of males and 21.4% of females were classified as engaging in BE in the last three months. BE was statistically significantly associated with higher body mass index (BMI), more depressive symptoms, and lower ALQ nutrition scores among males and lower BMI, more depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms among females. BE was significantly associated with various factors in both male and female university students in Hong Kong; thereby, university health promotion programs should include the management of BE. BE should be a prominent focus of health promotion interventions in conjunction with mental health promotion in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Y P Sze
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha tin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Juni S K Yeung
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha tin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Lai Kit So
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha tin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jean H Kim
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sha tin, Hong Kong SAR
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10
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Moraes CEFD, Antunes MML, Mourilhe C, Sichieri R, Hay P, Appolinario JC. Food Consumption during Binge Eating Episodes in Binge Eating Spectrum Conditions from a Representative Sample of a Brazilian Metropolitan City. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071573. [PMID: 37049413 PMCID: PMC10096673 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of binge eating spectrum conditions (BESC) are increasing globally. However, there is a lack of data from general population samples in low- and middle-income countries. Thus, this study described the food consumption during objective binge eating episodes (OBE) in people with BESC from a metropolitan city in Brazil. Participants comprised 136 adults (18 years old-60 years old) with Binge Eating Disorder (BED), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), or recurrent binge eating (RBE) from a two-phase epidemiological survey. They were interviewed in their homes by trained lay interviewers using the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns updated for the DSM-5 to assess BESC diagnosis and food consumption during a typical OBE. Overall, participants consumed a mean of 1067 kcal during the episodes. For the most part, these calories were derived from carbohydrates (58%) and lipids (30%), irrespective of the diagnosis. Regarding food item consumption, individuals with BED and RBE consumed staple foods (mainly rice and beans) more frequently than those with BN. Conversely, participants with BN ingested sugar-sweetened beverages more frequently than the BED group. In conclusion, there were differences in the eating patterns of individuals with BESC in Brazil. BED and RBE participants consumed more typical foods, whereas those with BN preferred foods with a high content of energy during their OBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de Moraes
- Group of Obesity and Eating Disorders (GOTA), Psychiatry Institute (IPUB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Marina Maria Leite Antunes
- Group of Obesity and Eating Disorders (GOTA), Psychiatry Institute (IPUB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Carla Mourilhe
- Group of Obesity and Eating Disorders (GOTA), Psychiatry Institute (IPUB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Department of Epidemiology, Social Medicine Institute (IMS), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 28625-570, Brazil
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2750, Australia
- Mental Health Services, South West Sydney Local Health District (SWSLHD), Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Jose Carlos Appolinario
- Group of Obesity and Eating Disorders (GOTA), Psychiatry Institute (IPUB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
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11
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Bray B, Sadowski A, Bray C, Bradley R, Zwickey H. Clinical aspects of binge eating disorder: A cross-sectional mixed-methods study of binge eating disorder experts' perspectives. Front Psychiatry 2023; 13:1087165. [PMID: 36864846 PMCID: PMC9971930 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1087165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Research on binge eating disorder continues to evolve and advance our understanding of recurrent binge eating. Methods This mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey aimed to collect information from experts in the field about clinical aspects of adult binge eating disorder pathology. Fourteen experts in binge eating disorder research and clinical care were identified based on receipt of relevant federal funding, PubMed-indexed publications, active practice in the field, leadership in relevant societies, and/or clinical and popular press distinction. Anonymously recorded semi-structured interviews were analyzed by ≥2 investigators using reflexive thematic analysis and quantification. Results Identified themes included: (1) obesity (100%); (2) intentional/voluntary or unintentional/involuntary food/eating restriction (100%); (3) negative affect, emotional dysregulation, and negative urgency (100%); (4) diagnostic heterogeneity and validity (71%); (5) paradigm shifts in understanding binge eating disorder (29%); and (6) research gaps/future directives (29%). Discussion Overall, experts call for a better understanding of the relationship between binge eating disorder and obesity, including a need for clarification around the extent to which the two health issues are separate vs. related/overlapping. Experts also commonly endorse food/eating restriction and emotion dysregulation as important components of binge eating disorder pathology, which aligns with two common models of binge eating disorder conceptualization (e.g., dietary restraint theory and emotion/affect regulation theory). A few experts spontaneously identified several paradigm shifts in our understanding of who can have an eating disorder (beyond the anorexi-centric "thin, White, affluent, cis-gendered neurotypical female" stereotype), and the various factors that can drive binge eating. Experts also identified several areas where classification issues may warrant future research. Overall, these results highlight the continual advancement of the field to better understand adult binge eating disorder as an autonomous eating disorder diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna Bray
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Adam Sadowski
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Chris Bray
- Wilder Research Division, Amherst H. Wilder Foundation, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Ryan Bradley
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Heather Zwickey
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
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12
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Hyperpalatable Foods Consumption in a Representative Sample of the General Population in Brazil: Differences of Binge and Non-Binge Eating Meals. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13020149. [PMID: 36829377 PMCID: PMC9952327 DOI: 10.3390/bs13020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The availability of hyper-palatable foods (HPF) increased over the past three decades worldwide, a period when eating disorders (ED) and obesity have become global public health concerns. The present study aimed to assess HPF consumption during binge and non-binge meals in a representative sample of adults with and without ED from a metropolitan city in Brazil. A total of 2297 individuals were interviewed in their homes by trained lay interviewers to assess the presence of binge eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa (BN), and recurrent binge eating (RBE). Information on their food consumption in objective and subjective binge eating episodes (OBE and SBE, respectively), as well as in the 24 h food recall were obtained. Individuals from the general population consumed 56% of their total calories from HPF. In non-binge meals, people with BN consumed substantially fewer calories from HPF than BED (63% vs. 48%) and RBE (63% vs. 48%) groups. During OBE, participants consumed an average of 70% of the calories from HPF, with no between-group differences. During SBE, subjects with BN consumed substantially fewer calories from HPF than those with BED (76% vs. 50%). In conclusion, HPF were highly consumed by the Brazilian population. However, there was a greater impact on BED and RBE subjects and during binge eating episodes.
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13
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McMaster CM, Franklin J, Hart M, Matthews-Rensch K, Pursey K, Hart S. The Role of the Dietitian. Eat Disord 2023:385-410. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-16691-4_92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
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14
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Suchta K, Smolarczyk R, Czajkowski K, Rudnicka E, Kokoszka A. Binge Eating Disorder-The Point Prevalence among Polish Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Validity of Screening Tool for This Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:546. [PMID: 36612867 PMCID: PMC9819692 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders which is associated with an increased risk of metabolic dysregulation. The elevated prevalence of obesity has been observed in women with PCOS. Since obesity is commonly associated with eating disturbances, including the binge eating disorder (BED), and since the hormonal changes in PCOS patients could influence the food intake model, we decided to estimate the prevalence of BED in PCOS patients and to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the Questionnaire for Binge Eating Screening (QBES) in PCOS patients. METHODS A total of 122 hospitalized women with PCOS aged 16-45 (M = 26; SD = 5.22) took part in the study. Binge eating disorder (BED) was diagnosed according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. QBES was used as a screening tool for BED. RESULTS The point prevalence of BED in PCOS women according to DMS-5 criteria was 51 (42%). At least two positive answers to four QBES items had 100% sensitivity and 91% specificity. Positive answers to even only the first two questions from QBES had 98% sensitivity and 85% specificity. CONCLUSIONS Women with polycystic ovary syndrome are at a very high risk of binge eating behaviors. Screening for eating disorders should be a routine procedure in women with PCOS. The first two questions from QBES are a brief and relatively reliable screening tool that may be used in everyday practice with POSC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Suchta
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2 Str., 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roman Smolarczyk
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2 Str., 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czajkowski
- II Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2 Str., 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Rudnicka
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2 Str., 00-315 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kokoszka
- II Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Zyoud SH, Shakhshir M, Abushanab AS, Koni A, Shahwan M, Jairoun AA, Al-Jabi SW. Mapping the landscape and structure of global research on binge eating disorder: Visualization and bibliometric analysis. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:982-994. [PMID: 36051594 PMCID: PMC9331445 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i7.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge-eating disorder (BED) is a clinical syndrome and is considered the most common type of eating disorder. However, our understanding of the global performance and progress of BED research is limited.
AIM To describe and perform a bibliometric analysis of the state of BED research.
METHODS The term ‘Binge eating’ was searched in the title throughout the previous year’s up to December 31, 2020. We searched the Scopus and Reference Citation Analysis for publications on Binge eating. The VOSviewer software version 1.6.17 was used to produce the network visualization map of the most frequent author, collaborative relationships between countries/regions, and to determine the hotspots related to binge eating research. In addition, conventional bibliometric indicators were generated.
RESULTS The search strategy found 2713 total articles and an average of 62 articles per year. Among them, ‘Article’ represented 82.49% of the publications (n = 2238 articles) and was the most frequent type, followed by reviews (n = 243; 8.96%). The number of publications increased steadily during the last decade of the study period. One hundred and thirty-two countries contributed to binge eating research, with 1495 (55.11%) articles published in the United States, followed by Italy with 256 (9.44%), the United Kingdom with 183 (6.75%), and Germany with 182 (6.71%). Currently, the main hot topics related to BED are ‘type of treatment and management and treatment provided to BED”; “processes and pathways to binge eating”; and ‘diagnosis, signs and symptoms, comorbidities and prevalence and associated factors with BED’.
CONCLUSION The number of publications has increased noticeably during the previous decade. There are indeed relatively few publications on BED from low-and middle-income nations, so much is to be learned from the experience of all countries. Studies on this topic are critical in all countries to discover risk factors and effective intervention measures. Although our findings are preliminary, they imply that the future prospects for interventions aimed at BED management are bright, focusing on complex models of care and long-term maintenance of therapeutic gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sa'ed H Zyoud
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
- Poison Control and Drug Information Center, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
- Clinical Research Centre, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Muna Shakhshir
- Department of Nutrition, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Amani S Abushanab
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Amer Koni
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Hematology and Oncology Pharmacy Department, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus 44839, Palestine
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of Medical and Bio allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Samah W Al-Jabi
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 44839, Palestine
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16
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Appolinario JC, Kaplan A, Hay PJ. Editorial: Neurocognitive and Translational Science of Binge Eating: Understanding Mechanisms of Change. Front Psychol 2022; 13:904103. [PMID: 35548552 PMCID: PMC9083402 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.904103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Carlos Appolinario
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Allan Kaplan
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine at the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Phillipa Jane Hay
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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17
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Giel KE, Bulik CM, Fernandez-Aranda F, Hay P, Keski-Rahkonen A, Schag K, Schmidt U, Zipfel S. Binge eating disorder. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2022; 8:16. [PMID: 35301358 PMCID: PMC9793802 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-022-00344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by regular binge eating episodes during which individuals ingest comparably large amounts of food and experience loss of control over their eating behaviour. The worldwide prevalence of BED for the years 2018-2020 is estimated to be 0.6-1.8% in adult women and 0.3-0.7% in adult men. BED is commonly associated with obesity and with somatic and mental health comorbidities. People with BED experience considerable burden and impairments in quality of life, and, at the same time, BED often goes undetected and untreated. The aetiology of BED is complex, including genetic and environmental factors as well as neuroendocrinological and neurobiological contributions. Neurobiological findings highlight impairments in reward processing, inhibitory control and emotion regulation in people with BED, and these neurobiological domains are targets for emerging treatment approaches. Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for BED. Recognition and research on BED has increased since its inclusion into DSM-5; however, continuing efforts are needed to understand underlying mechanisms of BED and to improve prevention and treatment outcomes for this disorder. These efforts should also include screening, identification and implementation of evidence-based interventions in routine clinical practice settings such as primary care and mental health outpatient clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin E Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Cynthia M Bulik
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, SWSLHD, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Kathrin Schag
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
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Eom H, Lee D, Cho Y, Moon J. The association between meal regularity and weight loss among women in commercial weight loss programs. Nutr Res Pract 2022; 16:205-216. [PMID: 35392532 PMCID: PMC8971826 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2022.16.2.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES While many obesity studies have pointed out the importance of meal regularity, few have conducted empirical analyses using data from food diaries. We examined the association between meal regularity (i.e., meal time regularity [MTR] and calorie intake regularity [CIR]) and weight loss. SUBJECTS/METHODS We collected food diary data from 637 women who had participated in commercial weight loss programs for 28–168 days (4–24 weeks). This study defined “meal regularity” in terms of two concepts: MTR and CIR. MTR refers to how regularly people eat their meals (i.e., at certain times each day), whereas CIR refers to how regularly people consume a certain amount of calories at each meal. We conducted multiple regression analyses. RESULTS MTR (model 1: β = −2,576.526, P < 0.001; model 2: β = −1511.447, P < 0.05; model 3: β = −1,721.428, P < 0.05) and CIR (model 1: β = −1,231.551, P < 0.01; model 2: β = −2,082.353, P < 0.001; model 3: β = −1,343.490, P < 0.01) turned out to be significant determinants of the amount of weight loss in breakfast, lunch, and dinner contexts. While meal regularity (i.e., MTR and CIR) was significantly associated with weight loss, daily calorie intake from meals was not significantly associated with the amount of weight loss (model 1: β = 0.13, P > 0.05; model 2: β = 0.11, P > 0.05; model 3: β = 0.14, P > 0.05). Subjects who consumed an equal amount of calories per meal throughout the day lost more weight than those who did not (model 4: β = −3,675.51, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Eating each meal (i.e., breakfast, lunch, and dinner) at a certain time every day may increase weight loss success. Also, consuming the same amount of calories at each meal may help weight loss success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haram Eom
- Department of Agricultural Economics & Rural Development, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dongmin Lee
- Department of Food Processing and Distribution, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea
| | | | - Junghoon Moon
- Department of Agricultural Economics & Rural Development, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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19
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Appolinario JC, Sichieri R, Lopes CS, Moraes CE, da Veiga GV, Freitas S, Nunes MAA, Wang YP, Hay P. Correlates and impact of DSM-5 binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa and recurrent binge eating: a representative population survey in a middle-income country. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:1491-1503. [PMID: 35044479 PMCID: PMC9246799 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Binge eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa (BN) and recurrent binge eating (RBE) are binge eating spectrum conditions causing a significant impact in individual's health and functioning. Information regarding those conditions came mostly from high-income countries. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of DSM-5 BED, BN and RBE and correlates in a representative sample from a metropolitan area of a middle-income country. METHODS The data were obtained from a cross-sectional population-based household survey in two stages in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Noninstitutionalized residents aged 18-60 years were assessed by lay interviewers using the Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns-5 (QEWP-5). Positive cases and a paired sample screen-negative cases were reassessed by phone with the Eating Disorders Section of SCID-I-P (adapted for DSM-5). The data were collected from September 2019 to February 2020. RESULTS Overall, 2297 individuals were interviewed. Prevalence of BED was 1.4%, BN 0.7%, RBE 6.2%. Psychiatric comorbidities, such as depression, anxiety and ADHD were significantly more prevalent in people with BED, BN and RBE than in people without these eating problems. Several medical conditions, when controlling for body mass index, were significantly more prevalent in people with BED, BN and RBE. People with BED and BN had marked impairments in work/school, social and family life, reduced mental and physical HRQoL and under half had sought treatment. CONCLUSION As in high income countries, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, BED, BN and RBE are prevalent conditions and are associated with elevated BMI, functional impairment, psychiatric and medical comorbidity and poorer HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C. Appolinario
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Professor Gastão Bahiana, 496 ap1809, Rio de Janeiro, 22071-030 Brazil
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia S. Lopes
- Social Medicine Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos E. Moraes
- Obesity and Eating Disorders Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Professor Gastão Bahiana, 496 ap1809, Rio de Janeiro, 22071-030 Brazil
| | - Gloria V. da Veiga
- Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvia Freitas
- State Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Yuan-Pang Wang
- Instituto de Psiquiatria (LIM-23), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia ,Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, SWSLHD, Campbelltown, Australia
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20
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Sleep dysregulation in binge eating disorder and "food addiction": the orexin (hypocretin) system as a potential neurobiological link. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:2051-2061. [PMID: 34145404 PMCID: PMC8505614 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that binge eating reflects a pathological compulsion driven by the "addictive" properties of foods. Proponents of this argument highlight the large degree of phenomenological and diagnostic overlap between binge eating disorder (BED) and substance use disorders (SUDs), including loss of control over how much is consumed and repeated unsuccessful attempts to abstain from consumption, as well as commonalities in brain structures involved in food and drug craving. To date, very little attention has been given to an additional behavioral symptom that BED shares with SUDs-sleep dysregulation-and the extent to which this may contribute to the pathophysiology of BED. Here, we review studies examining sleep outcomes in patients with BED, which collectively point to a heightened incidence of sleep abnormalities in BED. We identify the orexin (hypocretin) system as a potential neurobiological link between compulsive eating and sleep dysregulation in BED, and provide a comprehensive update on the evidence linking this system to these processes. Finally, drawing on evidence from the SUD literature indicating that the orexin system exhibits significant plasticity in response to drugs of abuse, we hypothesize that chronic palatable food consumption likewise increases orexin system activity, resulting in dysregulated sleep/wake patterns. Poor sleep, in turn, is predicted to exacerbate binge eating, contributing to a cycle of uncontrolled food consumption. By extension, we suggest that pharmacotherapies normalizing orexin signaling, which are currently being trialed for the treatment of SUDs, might also have utility in the clinical management of BED.
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21
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Moustafa AF, Quigley KM, Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, Chao AM. A systematic review of binge eating, loss of control eating, and weight loss in children and adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:1259-1271. [PMID: 34227229 PMCID: PMC8319063 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review synthesizes literature on changes in binge eating (BE) and loss of control eating (LOC) following weight loss and the association between BE/LOC and weight loss in children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and PsycInfo. Eligible studies included all peer-reviewed journal articles of primary research that assessed BE/LOC and weight change following a weight-loss intervention in individuals under 18 years of age. RESULTS The 29 articles included studies on behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, and surgical interventions. Of the 14 studies that assessed the relationship between weight loss and BE/LOC at baseline, 4 showed that higher baseline BE/LOC was associated with less weight loss, whereas 10 showed no significant association. BE/LOC behaviors significantly decreased following weight-loss interventions in 20 of 21 studies. A greater decrease in BE/LOC was associated with improved weight loss in 4 of 9 studies that assessed this change. CONCLUSIONS Weight-loss interventions are associated with improved BE/LOC in youth with obesity. The persistence of BE/LOC symptoms may be associated with less weight loss. These results can aid in guiding future treatment for youth with BE/LOC seeking weight-loss treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kerry M. Quigley
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, US
| | - Thomas A. Wadden
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, US
| | - Robert I. Berkowitz
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, US
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ariana M. Chao
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, US
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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22
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Mourilhe C, Moraes CED, Veiga GD, Q da Luz F, Pompeu A, Nazar BP, Coutinho ESF, Hay P, Appolinario JC. An evaluation of binge eating characteristics in individuals with eating disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Appetite 2021; 162:105176. [PMID: 33639247 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to provide an updated synthesis of studies in individuals with eating disorders that examined the following components of binge eating episodes (BEEs): caloric intake, episode duration, and also the association of BEE size with psychopathology. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed following the PRISMA guidelines. Searches were conducted on PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, SciELO, ScienceDirect and ProQuest databases. Meta-analysis was performed using random effects models and meta-regression. Forty-three studies were included. There was a paucity of information regarding BEE in individuals with anorexia nervosa. The pooled caloric intake of participants with bulimia nervosa (BN) during BEE in laboratory studies was significantly greater in comparison to the caloric intake during BEE in clinical studies [(3070 (95%CI 2596, 3544) vs. 1789 (95%CI 1498, 2081)], respectively. In participants with binge eating disorder (BED), the pooled means were 2088 (95%CI 1819, 2358) kcal in laboratory studies and 1903 (95%CI 1622, 2184) kcal in clinical studies, with no statistically significant difference between groups. Overall, BEE had a mean duration of 37.3 min in participants with BN and 41.7 min in those with BED. We found a positive correlation between the average caloric intake and level of depression (β = 55.5; p = 0.019). BEE in individuals with BN or BED were characterized by the consumption of extremely large quantities of calories. This was mainly found in laboratory studies of individuals with BN. BEE had a mean duration of less than 1 h in individuals with BN or BED. BEE size was positively associated with depression severity. Future research should explore the relevance of binge size as a core component of binge eating in clinical samples, in males, and in pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Mourilhe
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Psychiatry, Obesity and Eating Disorders Group - Av. Venceslau Brás, 71, Botafogo, CEP:22290-140, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Nutrition Josue de Castro, Department of Social and Applied Nutrition - Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - bloco J, 2° andar - Cidade Universitária, CEP:21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Carlos EduardoFerreira de Moraes
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Psychiatry, Obesity and Eating Disorders Group - Av. Venceslau Brás, 71, Botafogo, CEP:22290-140, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - GloriaValeria da Veiga
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Nutrition Josue de Castro, Department of Social and Applied Nutrition - Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - bloco J, 2° andar - Cidade Universitária, CEP:21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Q da Luz
- University of São Paulo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM), São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Pompeu
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Psychiatry, Obesity and Eating Disorders Group - Av. Venceslau Brás, 71, Botafogo, CEP:22290-140, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Palazzo Nazar
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Psychiatry, Obesity and Eating Disorders Group - Av. Venceslau Brás, 71, Botafogo, CEP:22290-140, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Evandro Silva Freire Coutinho
- The State University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Social Medicine - R. São Francisco Xavier, 524 - Maracanã, CEP:20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, School of Medicine - David Pilgrim Avenue, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia.
| | - Jose Carlos Appolinario
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Psychiatry, Obesity and Eating Disorders Group - Av. Venceslau Brás, 71, Botafogo, CEP:22290-140, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Harris SR, Carrillo M, Fujioka K. Binge-Eating Disorder and Type 2 Diabetes: A Review. Endocr Pract 2021; 27:158-164. [PMID: 33554873 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To familiarize health care providers with diagnosis and treatment of binge-eating disorder (BED), a common comorbidity of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS Literature review of binge eating and T2DM. Key words used in search include BED, T2DM, obesity, and treatment. RESULTS The prevalence of BED in patients with T2DM appears to be much higher than the 2% to 3.5% prevalence seen in the general population. Studies suggest that up to 20% of patients with T2DM have an underlying eating disorder, the most common of which is binge eating. BED is probably underdiagnosed, even though there are multiple simple tools that providers can use to improve screening for the disorder. Though the relationship between BED and hemoglobin A1c control can vary, it appears that binge-eating behaviors can worsen metabolic markers, including glycemic control. Various medications used by patients with diabetes have been associated with new-onset BED, and treatment may be as simple as removing or replacing such agents. Several medications have been found to significantly reduce binge-eating frequency, and potentially, weight. Patients with BED generally benefit from psychotherapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy. CONCLUSION BED, only recently added to the International Classification of Disease-10 diagnostic list, is very common in patients with obesity and T2DM. The diagnosis is important to establish, as treatment or referral for treatment, could potentially improve many of the comorbidities and metrics of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R Harris
- Scripps Clinic Medical Group, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, La Jolla, California
| | - Maritza Carrillo
- Scripps Clinic Medical Group, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, La Jolla, California.
| | - Ken Fujioka
- Scripps Clinic Medical Group, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, La Jolla, California
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Bergner L, Himmerich H, Kirkby KC, Steinberg H. Descriptions of Disordered Eating in German Psychiatric Textbooks, 1803-2017. Front Psychiatry 2021; 11:504157. [PMID: 33519534 PMCID: PMC7840701 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.504157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common eating disorders (EDs) according to DSM-5 are anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). These disorders have received increasing attention in psychiatry due to rising prevalence and high morbidity and mortality. The diagnostic category "anorexia nervosa," introduced by Ernest-Charles Lasègue and William Gull in 1873, first appears a century later in a German textbook of psychiatry, authored by Gerd Huber in 1974. However, disordered eating behavior has been described and discussed in German psychiatric textbooks throughout the past 200 years. We reviewed content regarding eating disorder diagnoses but also descriptions of disordered eating behavior in general. As material, we carefully selected eighteen German-language textbooks of psychiatry across the period 1803-2017. Previously, in German psychiatry, disordered eating behaviors were seen as symptoms of depressive disorders, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, or as manifestations of historical diagnoses no longer used by the majority of psychiatrists such as neurasthenia, hypochondria and hysteria. Interestingly, 19th and early 20th century psychiatrists like Kraepelin, Bumke, Hoff, Bleuler, and Jaspers reported symptom clusters such as food refusal and vomiting under these outdated diagnostic categories, whereas nowadays they are listed as core criteria for specific eating disorder subtypes. A wide range of medical conditions such as endocrinopathies, intestinal or brain lesions were also cited as causes of abnormal food intake and body weight. An additional consideration in the delayed adoption of eating disorder diagnoses in German psychiatry is that people with EDs are commonly treated in the specialty discipline of psychosomatic medicine, introduced in Germany after World War II, rather than in psychiatry. Viewed from today's perspective, the classification of disorders associated with disordered eating is continuously evolving. Major depressive disorder, schizophrenia and physical diseases have been enduringly associated with abnormal eating behavior and are listed as important differential diagnoses of EDs in DSM-5. Moreover, there are overlaps regarding the neurobiological basis and psychological and psychopharmacological therapies applied to all of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bergner
- Archiv für Leipziger Psychiatriegeschichte, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hubertus Himmerich
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth C. Kirkby
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Holger Steinberg
- Archiv für Leipziger Psychiatriegeschichte, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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25
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Bogusz K, Kopera M, Jakubczyk A, Trucco EM, Kucharska K, Walenda A, Wojnar M. Prevalence of alcohol use disorder among individuals who binge eat: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Addiction 2021; 116:18-31. [PMID: 32533728 PMCID: PMC7736190 DOI: 10.1111/add.15155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Binge eating disorder (BED) is correlated with substance use. This study aimed to estimate the life-time prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) among individuals with non-compensatory binge eating and determine whether their life-time prevalence of AUD is higher than in non-bingeing controls. DESIGN A systematic search of databases (PubMed, Embase and Web of Science) for studies of adults diagnosed with BED or a related behavior that also reported the life-time prevalence of AUD was conducted. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was followed. The protocol was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). SETTING Studies originating in Canada, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. PARTICIPANTS Eighteen studies meeting the inclusion criteria were found, representing 69 233 individuals. MEASUREMENTS Life-time prevalence of AUD among individuals with binge eating disorder and their life-time relative risk of AUD compared with individuals without this disorder. RESULTS The pooled life-time prevalence of AUD in individuals with binge eating disorder was 19.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 13.7-27.9]. The risk of life-time AUD incidence among individuals with binge eating disorder was more than 1.5 times higher than controls (relative risk = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.41-1.79). Life-time AUD prevalence was higher in community samples than in clinical samples (27.45 versus 14.45%, P = 0.041) and in studies with a lower proportion of women (β = -2.2773, P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Life-time alcohol use disorder appears to be more prevalent with binge eating disorder than among those without.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maciej Kopera
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Jakubczyk
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elisa M Trucco
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Katarzyna Kucharska
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Walenda
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Wojnar
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Psychiatry, Addiction Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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26
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Citrome L. Binge Eating Disorder: A Psychiatrist's Commentary on Clinical Considerations. Clin Ther 2020; 43:7-16. [PMID: 33308878 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Of the 3 major eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder (BED), BED is the most common and exists in the practices of most primary care and psychiatric clinicians. However, BED often goes unrecognized and thus untreated. METHODS Reviewed in this commentary are the basic elements in the diagnosis of BED, demographic and clinical characteristics, screening options, the importance of comorbidities, pathophysiology, and available treatments. FINDINGS Psychological treatments, including cognitive-behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and behavioral weight loss, have been recommended as first-line options and are supported by several different meta-analytic reviews. Lisdexamfetamine is currently the only medication approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of BED. Effect sizes for lisdexamfetamine versus placebo for response, remission, and avoidance of relapse in BED are robust, but its use may be limited by tolerability. This is also the case for topiramate, an anticonvulsant that has been used "off-label" to treat BED. IMPLICATIONS Additional medication choices approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of BED are needed. Moving forward, opportunities to leverage modern technology to broaden access to treatment are highly desirable.
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27
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Flynn MC, Kraakman MJ, Tikellis C, Lee MKS, Hanssen NMJ, Kammoun HL, Pickering RJ, Dragoljevic D, Al-Sharea A, Barrett TJ, Hortle F, Byrne FL, Olzomer E, McCarthy DA, Schalkwijk CG, Forbes JM, Hoehn K, Makowski L, Lancaster GI, El-Osta A, Fisher EA, Goldberg IJ, Cooper ME, Nagareddy PR, Thomas MC, Murphy AJ. Transient Intermittent Hyperglycemia Accelerates Atherosclerosis by Promoting Myelopoiesis. Circ Res 2020; 127:877-892. [PMID: 32564710 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.316653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Treatment efficacy for diabetes mellitus is largely determined by assessment of HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin A1c) levels, which poorly reflects direct glucose variation. People with prediabetes and diabetes mellitus spend >50% of their time outside the optimal glucose range. These glucose variations, termed transient intermittent hyperglycemia (TIH), appear to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but the pathological basis for this association is unclear. OBJECTIVE To determine whether TIH per se promotes myelopoiesis to produce more monocytes and consequently adversely affects atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS To create a mouse model of TIH, we administered 4 bolus doses of glucose at 2-hour intervals intraperitoneally once to WT (wild type) or once weekly to atherosclerotic prone mice. TIH accelerated atherogenesis without an increase in plasma cholesterol, seen in traditional models of diabetes mellitus. TIH promoted myelopoiesis in the bone marrow, resulting in increased circulating monocytes, particularly the inflammatory Ly6-Chi subset, and neutrophils. Hematopoietic-restricted deletion of S100a9, S100a8, or its cognate receptor Rage prevented monocytosis. Mechanistically, glucose uptake via GLUT (glucose transporter)-1 and enhanced glycolysis in neutrophils promoted the production of S100A8/A9. Myeloid-restricted deletion of Slc2a1 (GLUT-1) or pharmacological inhibition of S100A8/A9 reduced TIH-induced myelopoiesis and atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data provide a mechanism as to how TIH, prevalent in people with impaired glucose metabolism, contributes to cardiovascular disease. These findings provide a rationale for continual glucose control in these patients and may also suggest that strategies aimed at targeting the S100A8/A9-RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) axis could represent a viable approach to protect the vulnerable blood vessels in diabetes mellitus. Graphic Abstract: A graphic abstract is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Flynn
- From the Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (M.C.F., M.J.K., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., D.D., A.A.-S., F.H., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology (M.C.F., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael J Kraakman
- From the Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (M.C.F., M.J.K., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., D.D., A.A.-S., F.H., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York (M.J.K.)
| | - Christos Tikellis
- Diabetes (C.T., R.J.P., A.E.-O., M.E.C., M.C.T.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Man K S Lee
- From the Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (M.C.F., M.J.K., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., D.D., A.A.-S., F.H., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology (M.C.F., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nordin M J Hanssen
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM, School of Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (N.M.J.H., C.G.S.)
| | - Helene L Kammoun
- From the Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (M.C.F., M.J.K., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., D.D., A.A.-S., F.H., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology (M.C.F., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Raelene J Pickering
- Diabetes (C.T., R.J.P., A.E.-O., M.E.C., M.C.T.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dragana Dragoljevic
- From the Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (M.C.F., M.J.K., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., D.D., A.A.-S., F.H., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Annas Al-Sharea
- From the Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (M.C.F., M.J.K., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., D.D., A.A.-S., F.H., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tessa J Barrett
- Division of Cardiology (T.J.B., E.A.F., I.J.G.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Fiona Hortle
- From the Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (M.C.F., M.J.K., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., D.D., A.A.-S., F.H., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Frances L Byrne
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (F.L.B., E.O., K.H.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Ellen Olzomer
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (F.L.B., E.O., K.H.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Domenica A McCarthy
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia (D.A.M., J.M.F.)
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM, School of Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (N.M.J.H., C.G.S.)
| | - Josephine M Forbes
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia (D.A.M., J.M.F.)
| | - Kyle Hoehn
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (F.L.B., E.O., K.H.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Liza Makowski
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia (L.M.)
| | - Graeme I Lancaster
- From the Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (M.C.F., M.J.K., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., D.D., A.A.-S., F.H., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology (M.C.F., M.K.S.L., H.L.K., G.I.L., A.J.M.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Diabetes (C.T., R.J.P., A.E.-O., M.E.C., M.C.T.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (A.E.-O.).,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics (A.E.-O.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Prince of Wales Hospital (A.E.-O.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences (A.E.-O.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Edward A Fisher
- Division of Cardiology (T.J.B., E.A.F., I.J.G.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Ira J Goldberg
- Division of Cardiology (T.J.B., E.A.F., I.J.G.), New York University School of Medicine
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Diabetes (C.T., R.J.P., A.E.-O., M.E.C., M.C.T.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Merlin C Thomas
- Diabetes (C.T., R.J.P., A.E.-O., M.E.C., M.C.T.), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Australia (A.J.M.)
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Tanofsky-Kraff M, Schvey NA, Grilo CM. A developmental framework of binge-eating disorder based on pediatric loss of control eating. AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020; 75:189-203. [PMID: 32052994 PMCID: PMC7027731 DOI: 10.1037/amp0000592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although binge-eating disorder may manifest in childhood, a significantly larger proportion of youth report episodes involving a loss of control while eating, the hallmark feature of binge eating that predicts excess weight gain and obesity. Adults with binge-eating disorder often report that symptoms emerged during childhood or adolescence, suggesting that a developmental perspective of binge eating may be warranted. Thus, loss of control eating may be a marker of prodromal binge-eating disorder among certain susceptible youth. The present article offers a broad developmental framework of binge-eating disorder and proposes areas of future research to determine which youths with loss of control eating are at risk for persistent and exacerbated behavior that may develop into binge-eating disorder and adult obesity. To this end, this article provides an overview of loss of control eating in childhood and adolescence, including its characterization, etiology, and clinical significance, with a particular focus on associations with metabolic risk, weight gain, and obesity. A conceptual model is proposed to further elucidate the mechanisms that may play a role in determining which youths with loss of control are at greatest risk for binge-eating disorder and obesity. Ways in which treatments for adult binge-eating disorder may inform approaches to reduce loss of control eating and prevent excess weight gain in youth are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
| | - Natasha A Schvey
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
| | - Carlos M Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine
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Abstract
Binge eating disorder onset often occurs during adolescence, yet the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder in this age group has been inadequately studied. Criteria and challenges in making the diagnosis in children and adolescents are reviewed, as well as prevalence rates, current treatment options, and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Bohon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA 94305-5719, USA.
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30
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Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common type of eating disorder. According to the most recent data available, the estimated lifetime prevalence of BED among US adults in the general population is 0.85% (men 0.42% and women 1.25%). Among psychiatric treatment populations, prevalence is several-fold higher. Although many people with BED are obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), roughly half are not. In the DSM-5, BED is defined by recurrent episodes of binge eating (eating in a discrete period of time, an amount of food larger than most people would eat in a similar amount of time under similar circumstances and a sense of lack of control over eating during the episode), occurring on average at least once a week for 3 months, and associated with marked distress. BED often goes unrecognized and thus untreated; in one study, 344 of 22,387 (1.5%) survey respondents met DSM-5 criteria for BED, but only 11 out of the 344 had ever been diagnosed with BED by a health-care provider. Psychiatric comorbidities are very common, with most adults with BED also experiencing anxiety disorders, mood disorders, impulse control disorders, or substance use disorders, suggesting that clinicians have patients in their practice with unrecognized BED. Multiple neurobiological explanations have been suggested for BED, including dysregulation in reward center and impulse control circuitry. Additionally, there is interplay between genetic influences and environmental stressors. Psychological treatments such as cognitive behavioral interventions have been recommended as first line and are supported by meta-analytic reviews; however, access to such treatments may be limited because of local availability and/or cost, and these treatments generally lead to little to no weight loss, although successfully eliminating binge eating can protect against future weight gain. Routine medication treatments for anxiety and depression do not necessarily ameliorate the symptoms of BED, but there are approved and emerging medication options, lisdexamfetamine and dasotraline, respectively, that specifically address the core drivers behind binge eating, namely obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors regarding food, resulting in marked decreases in binge eating behaviors as well as weight loss.
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Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder and an important public health problem. Lifetime prevalence of BED in the United States is 2.6%. In contrast to other eating disorders, the female to male ratio in BED is more balanced. BED co-occurs with a plethora of psychiatric disorders, most commonly mood and anxiety disorders. BED is also associated with obesity and its numerous complications. Although BED is similar in men and women in presentation and treatment outcomes, there are some key neurobiological differences that should be taken in consideration when personalizing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Guerdjikova
- Lindner Center of HOPE, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA.
| | - Nicole Mori
- Lindner Center of HOPE, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA
| | - Leah S Casuto
- Lindner Center of HOPE, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA
| | - Susan L McElroy
- Lindner Center of HOPE, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA
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Lee AY, Reynolds KD, Stacy A, Niu Z, Xie B. Family functioning, moods, and binge eating among urban adolescents. J Behav Med 2019; 42:511-521. [PMID: 30554301 PMCID: PMC10411965 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-018-9994-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study builds upon prior research on associations between moods, family functioning, and binge eating, using ecological momentary assessment to examine moderating effects of family functioning on associations between moods and binge eating. This study was conducted among a nonclinical sample of urban adolescents. Family functioning was assessed using five constructs adopted from the FACES-IV measure: 'family cohesion,' 'family flexibility' 'family communication,' 'family satisfaction,' and 'family balance.' Mood data was gathered using 13 items from a daily affect scale. Binge eating was assessed using two subscales from the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale-binge eating associated with 'embarrassment' (BE1), and binge eating associated with a sense of 'loss of control' (BE2). A multilevel modeling approach was employed to examine how associations between momentary moods and binge eating behaviors were moderated by family functioning. Results indicated that measures of negative affect, stress/frustration, and tiredness/boredom were significantly and positively associated with two measures of binge eating (BE1 and BE2; p values ≤ 0.05), and that multiple factors of family functioning buffered the positive predictive effects of moods on binge eating. Findings indicate the importance of inclusion of family functioning in the development of eating behavior interventions for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Yu Lee
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 W. Foothill Blvd., Ste. 310, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA.
| | - Kim D Reynolds
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 W. Foothill Blvd., Ste. 310, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Alan Stacy
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 W. Foothill Blvd., Ste. 310, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Zhongzheng Niu
- University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Bin Xie
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 W. Foothill Blvd., Ste. 310, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
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Tess BH, Maximiano-Ferreira L, Pajecki D, Wang YP. BARIATRIC SURGERY AND BINGE EATING DISORDER: SHOULD SURGEONS CARE ABOUT IT? A LITERATURE REVIEW OF PREVALENCE AND ASSESSMENT TOOLS. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2019; 56:55-60. [PMID: 31141066 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.201900000-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating pathologies among bariatric surgery candidates are common and associated with adverse surgical outcomes, including weight regain and low quality of life. However, their assessment is made difficult by the great variety and inconsistent use of standardized measures. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was to synthesize current knowledge on the prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) in presurgical patients and to make a critical appraisal of assessment tools for BED. METHODS A search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from January 1994 to March 2017. Data were extracted, tabulated and summarized using a narrative approach. RESULTS A total of 21 observational studies were reviewed for data extraction and analysis. Prevalence of BED in bariatric populations ranged from 2% to 53%. Considerable variation in patient characteristics and in BED assessment measures was evident among the studies. In addition, several methodological weaknesses were recognized in most of the studies. Ten different psychometric instruments were used to assess BED. Clinical interviews were used in only 12 studies, though this is the preferred tool to diagnose BED. CONCLUSION Study heterogeneity accounted for the variability of the results from different centers and methodological flaws such as insufficient sample size and selection bias impaired the evidence on the magnitude of BED in surgical settings. For the sake of comparability and generalizability of the findings in future studies, researchers must recruit representative samples of treatment-seeking candidates for bariatric surgery and systematically apply standard instruments for the assessment of BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz H Tess
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Denis Pajecki
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Disciplina de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Yuan-Pang Wang
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Instituto de Psiquiatria (LIM-23), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Okamoto S. Hours of work and health in Japan. Ann Epidemiol 2019; 33:64-71. [PMID: 30879967 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This article aimed to examine the causal relationships of hours of work with health behaviors and health outcomes. METHOD The data were derived from Japan Household Panel Survey/Keio Household Panel Survey. In total, data from 2677 men and 2170 women were analyzed to show the effects of hours of work on body mass index, smoking, and sleeping hours. To deal with the potential endogeneity of decisions about hours of work, the instrumental variable approach was used. RESULTS Hours of work had a negative impact on hours of sleep among men (coefficient [coef.], -0.371; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.519 to -0.223). Longer hours of work also increased the probability of men being obese (coef., 1.108; 95% CI, 0.234-1.981) and the number of cigarettes they smoked each day (coef., 1.007; 95% CI, 0.037-1.978). For women, longer hours of work increased the probability of being obese (coef., 0.029; 95% CI, 0.009-0.050) and decreased the hours of sleep (coef., -0.416; 95% CI, -0.618 to -0.214). CONCLUSIONS This article suggests that the health consequences of long hours of work include health behaviors and health outcomes that can lead to higher risks of morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Okamoto
- Graduate School of Economics, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Badrasawi MM, Zidan SJ. Binge eating symptoms prevalence and relationship with psychosocial factors among female undergraduate students at Palestine Polytechnic University: a cross-sectional study. J Eat Disord 2019; 7:33. [PMID: 31592130 PMCID: PMC6774213 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-019-0263-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders pose a serious challenge to health services due to psychosocial and medical problems. Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized as a pattern of overeating episodes followed by shame, distress and guilty feelings. Among eating disorders, BED has the highest prevalence, especially among females. The literature reported that BED is associated with nutritional status, socio-demographic factors, and psychological factors in different countries. This study aims to examine the prevalence of binge eating symptoms and its relationship with selected variables (i.e. socio-demographics, nutritional status and dietary habits). METHODS One hundred fifty-four female undergraduate students, from three different faculties at Palestine Polytechnic University, participated in the study. All the students who consented to join the study were assessed in terms of weight status using body mass index, dietary habits and medical profile. The screening for presence of binge eating symptoms was done using BEDS-7. The psychosocial factors were assessed by validated Arabic version of DASS-21. RESULTS Half of the participants (50%) had binge eating symptoms. No association between binge eating symptoms and socio-demographic variables was found. Similarly, binge eating symptoms was not related to body weight status, however, it was associated with eating between meals and number of snacks. A significantly higher score on depression, stress and anxiety was found among binge eaters than non-binge eaters. CONCLUSION It was concluded that binge eating symptoms have considerable prevalence among the study participants, and it was significantly correlated with psychosocial factors. Future studies are needed to examine other risk factors and correlations. Educational programs are also recommended to increase the awareness of eating disorders as well as to promote healthy eating patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal M Badrasawi
- Department of Nutrition and Food technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Tulkarm, West Bank, PO Box 7, Palestine
| | - Souzan J Zidan
- Department of Nutrition and Food technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Tulkarm, West Bank, PO Box 7, Palestine
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Qasim A, Mayhew AJ, Ehtesham S, Alyass A, Volckmar AL, Herpertz S, Hinney A, Hebebrand J, Meyre D. Gain-of-function variants in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene confer susceptibility to binge eating disorder in subjects with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2019; 20:13-21. [PMID: 30306707 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The association between coding variants in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene (MC4R) and binge eating disorder (BED) in patients with obesity is controversial. Two independent reviewers systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, BIOSIS Previews, Web of Science Core Collection and Google Scholar up to February 2018, using terms describing the MC4R gene and BED. Six of 103 identified references were included. Studies examined associations between at least one coding variant/mutation in MC4R and BED and screened for BED as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Risk of bias was assessed using a modified version of the Q-Genie tool, and overall quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidance. Meta-analysis was conducted via logistic regression models. A positive association between gain-of-function (GOF) variants in the MC4R and BED was observed (odds ratio [OR] = 3.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.82, 5.04; p = 1.7 × 10-5 ), while no association was detected between loss-of-function (LOF) mutations and BED (OR = 1.50; 95% CI: 0.73, 2.96; p = 0.25). Similar results were found after accounting for study quality (GOF variants: OR = 3.15; 95% CI: 1.76, 5.66; p = 1.1 × 10-4 ; LOF mutations: OR = 1.50; 95% CI: 0.73, 2.97; p = 0.25). Our systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence that GOF variants as opposed to LOF mutations in MC4R are associated with BED in subjects with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Qasim
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A J Mayhew
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S Ehtesham
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A Alyass
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A-L Volckmar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg - Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - S Herpertz
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL University Clinic, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - A Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg - Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - J Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg - Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - D Meyre
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Kibitov АО, Мazo GE. [Genetics factors in pathogenesis and clinical genetics of binge eating disorder]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018. [PMID: 28635940 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201611671113-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Genetic studies have shown that binge eating disorder (ВЕD) aggregates in families, heritability was estimated as about 60% and additive genetic influences on BED up to 50%. Using a genetic approach has proved useful for verifying the diagnostic categories of BED using DSM-IV criteria and supporting the validity of considering this pathology as a separate nosological category. The results confirmed the genetic and pathogenic originality of BED as a separate psychopathological phenomenon, but not a subtype of obesity. It seems fruitful to considerate BED as a disease with hereditary predisposition with significant genetic influence and a complex psychopathological syndrome, including not only eating disorders, but also depressive and addictive component. A possible mechanism of pathogenesis of BED may be the interaction of the neuroendocrine and neurotransmitters systems including the active involvement of the reward system in response to a variety of chronic stress influences with the important modulatory role of specific personality traits. The high level of genetic influence on the certain clinical manifestations of BED confirms the ability to identify the subphenotypes of BED on genetic basis involving clinical criteria. It can not only contribute to further genetic studies, taking into account more homogeneous samples, but also help in finding differentiated therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- А О Kibitov
- Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - G E Мazo
- Bekhterev St.-Petersburg Psychoneurological Research Institute, St.-Petersburg, Russia
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Wierenga CE, Lavender JM, Hays CC. The potential of calibrated fMRI in the understanding of stress in eating disorders. Neurobiol Stress 2018; 9:64-73. [PMID: 30450374 PMCID: PMC6234260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (ED), including Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and Binge Eating Disorder (BED), are medically dangerous psychiatric disorders of unknown etiology. Accumulating evidence supports a biopsychosocial model that includes genetic heritability, neurobiological vulnerability, and psychosocial factors, such as stress, in the development and maintenance of ED. Notably, stress hormones influence appetite and eating, and dysfunction of the physiological stress response has been implicated in ED pathophysiology. Stress signals also appear associated with food reward neurocircuitry response in ED, providing a possible mechanism for the role of stress in appetite dysregulation. This paper provides a review of some of the interacting psychological, behavioral, physiological, and neurobiological mechanisms involved in the stress response among individuals with ED, and discusses novel neuroimaging techniques to address potential physiological confounds of studying neural correlates of stress in ED, such as calibrated fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason M. Lavender
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Chelsea C. Hays
- SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
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Raheb-Rauckis C, Jarosz P. A reconceptualization of the definition of binge eating for African American women: A concept analysis. Nurs Forum 2018; 54:60-67. [PMID: 30380136 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this analysis is to develop a better understanding of the concept of binge-eating behavior among African American women (AAW). BACKGROUND Obesity is a major public health concern that is disproportionately prevalent among AAW. Among the factors that contribute to obesity development, binge eating may be of significant concern to AAW. DESIGN A critical analysis and synthesis of the empirical literature using Walker and Avant's model for concept analysis. The databases MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing Health Literature (CINAHL) Complete, PsycINFO, and PsycARTICLES were used. Keywords included binge eating AND African American women or Black women race or ethnicity or minority. RESULTS Binge eating is a behavior that exists on a continuum that involves the overconsumption of food, with or without loss of control (LOC), whereas binge eating with LOC is related to increased impairment and severity. While the main attribute of binge eating involves the consumption of a large amount of food, the LOC component of binge eating definition may not be culturally relevant criteria to include as a requirement, as it may exclude AAW in diagnostics and subsequent treatment as well as overlook the health implications of binge eating regardless of LOC endorsement. CONCLUSION Including LOC in defining binge-eating behavior among AAW is significant, but should not be necessitated. This concept analysis illustrates the complexities related to binge-eating behavior among AAW, enumerating the characteristics of binge eating that may be unique to certain populations. The definition for binge eating among AAW developed from this concept analysis needs to be further explored in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Jarosz
- Goldfarb School of Nursing at Barnes-Jewish College, St Louis, Missouri
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Palmisano GL, Innamorati M, Sarracino D, Bosco A, Pergola F, Scaltrito D, Giorgio B, Vanderlinden J. Trauma and dissociation in obese patients with and without binge eating disorder: A case – control study. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2018.1470483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luca Palmisano
- Department of Psychology of the University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Umberto I, 70121 Bari, BA, Italy
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of History, Cultural Heritage, Education and Society of the University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Columbia 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Diego Sarracino
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan “Bicocca”, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo 1, CP 20126 Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Andrea Bosco
- Department of Psychology of the University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Umberto I, 70121 Bari, BA, Italy
| | - Filippo Pergola
- Department of History, Cultural Heritage, Education and Society of the University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Columbia 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Daniela Scaltrito
- Department of Psychiatry of "Santa Maria Del Piede" Hospital, Eating Disorder Center “Salvatore Cotugno”, Gravina in Puglia, Via S Maria Del Piede 5, Bari, CP 70024, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Giorgio
- Department of Psychiatry of "Santa Maria Del Piede" Hospital, Eating Disorder Center “Salvatore Cotugno”, Gravina in Puglia, Via S Maria Del Piede 5, Bari, CP 70024, Italy
| | - Johan Vanderlinden
- Eating Disorder Unit, University Psychiatric Center K.U. Leuven, Campus Kortenberg, Leuvense Steenweg 517, B-3070 Kortenberg, Belgium
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Abstract
French historian and literary critic René Girard (1923-2015), most widely known for the concepts of mimetic desire and scapegoating, also engaged in the discussion of the surge of eating disorders in his 1996 essay Eating Disorders and Mimetic Desire. This article explores Girard's ideas on the mimetic nature and origin of eating disorders from a clinical psychiatric perspective and contextualizes them within the field of eating disorders research as well as in relation to broader psychological, sociological and anthropological models of social comparison and non-consumption. Three main themes in Girard's thinking on the topic of eating disorders are identified and explored: the 'end of prohibitions' as a driving force in the emergence of eating disorders, eating disorders as a phenomenon specific to modernity, and the significance of 'conspicuous non-consumption' in the emergence of eating disorders.
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Shukri M, Jones F, Conner M. Relationship between work-family conflict and unhealthy eating: Does eating style matter? Appetite 2017; 123:225-232. [PMID: 29294321 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence to suggest that work-family conflict is implicated in poor eating patterns. Yet, the underlying mechanism remains unexplored. The objectives of the present study were to demonstrate the interplay between work-family conflict, eating style, and unhealthy eating, and to test whether body mass index (BMI) and its interactions further explicate the relationships. In this study, 586 Malaysian adults (normal weight n = 437, overweight n = 149) completed a questionnaire, which included demographic variables, work-family scales, eating style measures, namely, restrained, emotional or external eating and reported food intake. As hypothesized, results showed that family-to-work conflict (FWC), emotional eating and external eating were positively related to unhealthy food consumption. In addition, emotional eating was found to moderate the impact of FCW on eating. These findings are consistent with research that has revealed emotional eating can indeed increase the positive association between stress such as conflict and unhealthy food choices. However, we found no clear support for the interactive effects of BMI. Our research builds on the findings of existing research as it demonstrates the role of eating style in explaining the association between work-family conflict and unhealthy eating. This conclusion has potential implications for appropriate interventions and calls for the enhancement of various policies to tackle obesity and other health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madihah Shukri
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Fiona Jones
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Mark Conner
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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Duarte C, Pinto-Gouveia J. The impact of early shame memories in Binge Eating Disorder: The mediator effect of current body image shame and cognitive fusion. Psychiatry Res 2017; 258:511-517. [PMID: 28890226 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the phenomenology of shame experiences from childhood and adolescence in a sample of women with Binge Eating Disorder. Moreover, a path analysis was investigated testing whether the association between shame-related memories which are traumatic and central to identity, and binge eating symptoms' severity, is mediated by current external shame, body image shame and body image cognitive fusion. Participants in this study were 114 patients, who were assessed through the Eating Disorder Examination and the Shame Experiences Interview, and through self-report measures of external shame, body image shame, body image cognitive fusion and binge eating symptoms. Shame experiences where physical appearance was negatively commented or criticized by others were the most frequently recalled. A path analysis showed a good fit between the hypothesised mediational model and the data. The traumatic and centrality qualities of shame-related memories predicted current external shame, especially body image shame. Current shame feelings were associated with body image cognitive fusion, which, in turn, predicted levels of binge eating symptomatology. Findings support the relevance of addressing early shame-related memories and negative affective and self-evaluative experiences, namely related to body image, in the understanding and management of binge eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Duarte
- CINEICC - Cognitive and Behavioural Centre for Research and Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - José Pinto-Gouveia
- CINEICC - Cognitive and Behavioural Centre for Research and Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
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46
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Reas DL. Public and Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge and Attitudes toward Binge Eating Disorder: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111267. [PMID: 29160843 PMCID: PMC5707739 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent binge eating and marked distress in the absence of inappropriate compensatory behaviors for weight control. BED is prevalent in men and women, is associated with elevated psychosocial and functional impairment, and is associated strongly with obesity and related medical comorbidities. The aim is to provide a brief, state-of-the-art review of the major and recent findings to inform educational and awareness campaigns, stigma reduction interventions, as well as current clinical practice and future research. A narrative approach was used to synthesize emerging literature on the public and healthcare professionals’ knowledge and attitudes toward individuals with BED in comparison to other eating disorders (EDs) or mental illness. A total of 13 articles were reviewed. Nine studies investigated community samples and four studies investigated healthcare professionals. The reviewed literature suggested that BED is perceived by the public as less impairing, less severe, and “easier-to-treat” than other EDs. Attitudes and beliefs reflecting perceived blameworthiness and lack of self-discipline were ascribed to vignettes with BED. Community studies indicated a low level of public awareness that BED constitutes a discreet eating disorder. The literature on healthcare professionals’ knowledge and attitudes toward BED remains very limited. The few existing studies suggest encouraging trends in recognition and diagnostic accuracy, yet there remains a need for increased clinical awareness of BED-associated medical complications and knowledge of full BED diagnostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Lynn Reas
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway.
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Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder and an important public health problem. Lifetime prevalence of BED in the United States is 2.6%. In contrast to other eating disorders, the female to male ratio in BED is more balanced. BED co-occurs with a plethora of psychiatric disorders, most commonly mood and anxiety disorders. BED is also associated with obesity and its numerous complications. Although BED is similar in men and women in presentation and treatment outcomes, there are some key neurobiological differences that should be taken in consideration when personalizing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Guerdjikova
- Lindner Center of HOPE, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA.
| | - Nicole Mori
- Lindner Center of HOPE, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA
| | - Leah S Casuto
- Lindner Center of HOPE, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA
| | - Susan L McElroy
- Lindner Center of HOPE, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 4075 Old Western Row Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA
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Meule A, Vögele C. Grand Challenges in Eating Behavior Research: Preventing Weight Gain, Facilitating Long-Term Weight Maintenance. Front Psychol 2017; 8:388. [PMID: 28352246 PMCID: PMC5348520 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Meule
- Department of Psychology, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Claus Vögele
- Research Unit INSIDE, Institute for Health and Behavior, University of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Pena Gralle APB, Barbosa Moreno A, Lopes Juvanhol L, Mendes da Fonseca MDJ, Prates Melo EC, Antunes Nunes MA, Toivanen S, Griep RH. Job strain and binge eating among Brazilian workers participating in the ELSA-Brasil study: does BMI matter? J Occup Health 2017; 59:247-255. [PMID: 28163281 PMCID: PMC5478507 DOI: 10.1539/joh.16-0157-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the association between job strain and binge eating as well as the effect-modifying influence of body mass index (BMI) on this association. Methods: A total of 11,951 active civil servants from the multicenter Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) was included in this cross-sectional analysis. Job strain was assessed using the Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire. Binge eating was defined as eating a large amount of food with a sense of lack of control over what and how much is eaten in less than 2 hours at least twice a week. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association between binge eating and job strain as well as its interaction with BMI. Results: After adjustment, and using low-strain job as the reference category, binge eating was associated with high-strain job (high demand/low control: odds ratio [OR]=1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-1.98), active job (high demand/high control: OR=1.35, 95% CI 1.07-1.70), and passive job (low demand/low control: OR=1.24, 95% CI 1.01-1.53). Psychological job demands were positively associated with binge eating (OR=1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07), while greater job control and social support at work were each inversely associated with binge eating (OR=0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.97 and OR=0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.98, respectively). BMI modified the association between job strain and binge eating: Heavier psychological job demands were associated with higher odds of binge eating among obese participants, while a stronger inverse association between job control and binge eating was seen among slimmer participants. Conclusions: Job strain increases the odds of binge eating and this association is modified by BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Bruno Pena Gralle
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
| | - Arlinda Barbosa Moreno
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation.,Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
| | - Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
| | - Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation.,Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
| | - Enirtes Caetano Prates Melo
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation.,Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
| | | | - Susanna Toivanen
- Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet
| | - Rosane Härter Griep
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation.,Laboratory of Health and Environment Education, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
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50
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Hofmann J, Meule A, Reichenberger J, Weghuber D, Ardelt-Gattinger E, Blechert J. Crave, Like, Eat: Determinants of Food Intake in a Sample of Children and Adolescents with a Wide Range in Body Mass. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1389. [PMID: 27708598 PMCID: PMC5030249 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a heterogeneous condition with obese individuals displaying different eating patterns. Growing evidence suggests that there is a subgroup of obese adults that is marked by frequent and intense food cravings and addiction-like consumption of high-calorie foods. Little is known, however, about such a subgroup of obese individuals in childhood and adolescence. In the present study, a sample of children and adolescents with a wide range in body mass was investigated and trait food craving, liking for and intake of high- and low-calorie foods was measured. One-hundred and forty-two children and adolescents (51.4% female, n = 73; Mage = 13.7 years, SD = 2.25; MBMI-SDS = 1.26, SD = 1.50) completed the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait, then viewed pictures of high- and low-calorie foods and rated their liking for them, and subsequently consumed some of these foods in a bogus taste test. Contrary to expectations, higher body mass was associated with lower consumption of high-calorie foods. However, there was an interaction between body mass and trait food craving when predicting food consumption: in obese participants, higher trait food craving was associated with higher consumption of high-calorie foods and this association was not found in normal-weight participants. The relationship between trait food craving and high-calorie food consumption within obese individuals was mediated by higher liking for high-calorie foods (but not by liking for low-calorie foods). Thus, similar to adults, a subgroup of obese children and adolescents - characterized by high trait food craving - seems to exist, calling for specific targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hofmann
- Department of Psychology, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
- Obesity Academy AustriaSalzburg, Austria
| | - Adrian Meule
- Department of Psychology, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Julia Reichenberger
- Department of Psychology, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
- Obesity Academy AustriaSalzburg, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Ardelt-Gattinger
- Department of Psychology, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
- Obesity Academy AustriaSalzburg, Austria
| | - Jens Blechert
- Department of Psychology, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
- Obesity Academy AustriaSalzburg, Austria
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
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