Copyright
©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Pharmacol. Aug 28, 2019; 8(3): 26-40
Published online Aug 28, 2019. doi: 10.5497/wjp.v8.i3.26
Published online Aug 28, 2019. doi: 10.5497/wjp.v8.i3.26
Bacterial biofilms in human gastrointestinal tract: An intricate balance between health and inflammatory bowel diseases
Niharika Chandra, Faculty of Biotechnology, Institute of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Uttar Pradesh 225003, India
Ankita Srivastava, Sunil Kumar, Faculty of Bio-Sciences, Institute of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Uttar Pradesh 225003, India
Author contributions: Chandra N prepared the first draft of the manuscript; Srivastava A reviewed and modified the manuscript; Kumar S is the corresponding author of the manuscript who conceived the idea and approved the final draft.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Sunil Kumar, PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty of Bio-Sciences, Institute of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow-Deva Road, Uttar Pradesh 225003, India. sunil.bio@srmu.ac.in
Telephone: +91-73-79893670
Received: January 22, 2019
Peer-review started: January 23, 2019
First decision: January 30, 2019
Revised: July 5, 2019
Accepted: July 16, 2019
Article in press: July 16, 2019
Published online: August 28, 2019
Processing time: 219 Days and 15.7 Hours
Peer-review started: January 23, 2019
First decision: January 30, 2019
Revised: July 5, 2019
Accepted: July 16, 2019
Article in press: July 16, 2019
Published online: August 28, 2019
Processing time: 219 Days and 15.7 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are two clinical forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) causing recurring diarrhea, abdominal bleeding, pain and inflammation. Scientific evidence clearly indicated the role of heredity in IBD, but an accurate cause of IBD is still unclear. However, complex interactions between genes, environmental factors and the immune system could be one of the leading causes in IBD. Gut microbiome is a key link between these factors and progression of IBD. This article reviews all contributing factors and pathogenic association in IBD. Identifying such microbial causes of the onset of IBD can help researchers to develop effective treatment strategies.