Copyright
©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Implantable (Bio)sensors as new tools for wireless monitoring of brain neurochemistry in real time
Donatella Farina, Maria D Alvau, Giulia Puggioni, Giammario Calia, Gianfranco Bazzu, Rossana Migheli, Ottavio Sechi, Gaia Rocchitta, Maria S Desole, Pier Andrea Serra, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Author contributions: Farina D and Calia G contributed to acetylcholine biosensor and references reorganization; Alvau MD and Puggioni G contributed to glucose and lactate biosensors; Bazzu G and Migheli R contributed to dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin microsensors; Rocchitta G contributed to glutamate biosensor, ascorbic acid microsensor, ethanol biosensor, and biotelemetry; Sechi O contributed to oxygen and nitric oxide microsensors and ethanol biosensor; Desole MS and Serra PA contributed to title, abstract, introduction, conclusion, references reorganization, and manuscript overview; Farina D and Alvau MD equally contributed to this study.
Supported by The Regione autonoma della Sardegna (fund P. O. R. SARDEGNA F. S. E. 2007-2013-Obiettivo competitività regionale e occupazione, Asse IV Capitale umano, Linea di Attività l. 3. 1)
Correspondence to: Pier Andrea Serra, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Sassari, V.le S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy. paserra@uniss.it
Telephone: +39-079-228558 Fax: +39-079-228525
Received: January 15, 2014
Revised: March 3, 2014
Accepted: March 6, 2014
Published online: March 9, 2014
Processing time: 176 Days and 8.1 Hours
Revised: March 3, 2014
Accepted: March 6, 2014
Published online: March 9, 2014
Processing time: 176 Days and 8.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Electrochemical microsensors and amperometric biosensors arouse enormous scientific interest because of their low-cost technology and because they guarantee real-time monitoring of changes of the most important brain compounds. In conjunction with miniaturized telemetric devices, the electrochemical sensors, allow the neurochemical monitoring of extracellular space of discrete brain regions in awake, untethered animals for days or weeks. This new scientific approach opens new frontiers for studying the physiological and physiopathological pathways in wild-type animals and in genetic models of the most widespread neurodegenerative diseases.