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Retinoblastoma and treatment: A current evaluation of advanced therapy
Nisha V Shah, Samuel K Houston, Timothy G Murray, Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
Author contributions: Shah NV, Houston SK and Murray TG solely contributed to this paper.
Correspondence to: Timothy G Murray, MD, MBA, Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 N.W., 17th Street, Miami, FL 33136, United States. tmurray@murraymd.com
Telephone: +1-305-3266166 Fax: +1-305-3266417
Received: February 4, 2012
Revised: May 31, 2013
Accepted: June 18, 2013
Published online: September 9, 2013
Revised: May 31, 2013
Accepted: June 18, 2013
Published online: September 9, 2013
Core Tip
Core tip: Retinoblastoma is the most common primary childhood ocular tumor, affecting nearly 3.5 per million children worldwide. Due to advances in chemotherapy protocols combined with use of focal laser consolidation, treatment paradigms have shifted from enucleation to external beam radiation therapy to chemotherapy as globe-salvaging therapies. The advancement of retinoblastoma treatment looks promising; however, worldwide access to these treatments and the lack of long-term follow-up of new local treatment modalities constitute current and future challenges.