Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Infect Dis. Jan 15, 2021; 11(1): 11-18
Published online Jan 15, 2021. doi: 10.5495/wjcid.v11.i1.11
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, an emerging pathogen in newborns: Three case reports and a review of the literature
Bijaylaxmi Behera
Bijaylaxmi Behera, Department of Pediatrics & Neonatology, Chaitanya Hospital, Chandigarh 160044, India
Author contributions: Behera B managed the patients, performed the literature search, and wrote the manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patients’ guardians for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict-of-interest.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Bijaylaxmi Behera, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Pediatrics & Neonatology, Chaitanya Hospital, Sector 44, Chandigarh 160044, India. jollybubu2008@gmail.com
Received: June 20, 2020
Peer-review started: June 20, 2020
First decision: October 21, 2020
Revised: November 5, 2020
Accepted: December 2, 2020
Article in press: December 2, 2020
Published online: January 15, 2021
Processing time: 196 Days and 19.9 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) is a rare cause of neonatal sepsis with significant morbidity and mortality and has extensive resistance to several antibiotics leaving few options for antimicrobial therapy. Only a few cases have been reported in neonates from developing countries. We report three cases of critically ill, extramural babies with neonatal S. maltophilia sepsis. All three babies recovered and were discharged.

CASE SUMMARY

All three cases were term extramural babies, who were critically ill at the time of presentation at our neonatal intensive care unit. They had features of multiorgan dysfunction at admission. Blood culture was positive for S. maltophilia in two babies and one had a positive tracheal aspirate culture. The babies were treated according to the antibiogram available. They recovered and were subsequently discharged.

CONCLUSION

Although various authors have reported S. maltophilia in pediatric and adult populations, only a few cases have been reported in the newborn period and this infection is even rarer in developing countries. Although S. maltophilia infection has a grave outcome, our three babies were successfully treated and subsequently discharged.

Keywords: Ceftriaxone; Multidrug resistant; Neonatal sepsis; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; Cotrimoxazole; Tigecycline

Core Tip: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a rare cause of neonatal sepsis with significant morbidity and mortality and has extensive resistance to several antibiotics leaving few options for antimicrobial therapy. Although there have been reports in the adult population, only a few cases have been reported in neonates from developing countries. The majority of babies have succumbed to this deadly infection. We present three cases of out-born babies with neonatal sepsis, who were critically ill. All three babies recovered and were subsequently discharged.