Association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and hematoma expansion in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

Ref.	Design	N	Sample time	Cut-off value	Outcome	Outcome definition	Factors controlled for
Mao et al[30], 2024	Retrospective	117	Admission	-	PHE	Difference between follow up scan and admission PHE	ICH volume, GCS score
Pisco et al[29], 2023	Retrospective	215	Admission	-	PHE	Difference between follow up scan and admission PHE	NIHSS, glucose, neurosurgery procedure, ICH volume, ICH location, time to first HCT
Kim et al[31], 2023	Retrospective	520	Admission	5.63	HE	ICH growth > 6 mL or > 33% of initial volume	Age, hypertension, diabetes, prior anticoagulation, GCS, NIHSS, WBC, glucose, SBP
Chu et al[27], 2023	Retrospective	301	Admission	5	HE	-	Sex, diabetes, GCS, time to first HCT, ICH volume, WBC
Alimohammadi et al[28], 2022	Retrospective	221	Admission	-	HE	ICH growth > 6 mL or > 33% of initial volume	ICH volume, SBP, GCS, WBC
Zhang et al[32], 2022	Retrospective	506	Admission	-	HE	ICH growth > 6 mL or > 33% of initial volume	GCS, blend sign, swirl sign, hypodensities on CT
Fonseca et al[25], 2019	Retrospective	135	Admission	7.8	HE	ICH growth > 6 mL or > 33% of initial volume	Systemic infection, time to fist CT, ICH volume, use of anticoagulant
Pektezel et al[22], 2019	Retrospective	383	At 24 hours	-	HE	ICH growth > 12.5 mL or > 33% of initial volume	ICH location, use of anticoagulant
Wang et al[26], 2019	Retrospective	123	Admission	6.49	HE	ICH growth > 6 mL or > 33% of initial volume	Age, sex, GCS, WBC, ICH volume, midline shift
Zhang et al[23], 2018	Retrospective	279	Admission	14.53	HE	ICH growth > 12.5 mL or > 33% of initial volume	Time to fist CT, hydrocephalus, IVH, GCS, ICH volume, island sign
Gusdon et al[24], 2017	Retrospective	153	Admission	-	PHE	Difference between follow up scan and admission PHE	ICH volume, HE, IVH, external ventricular drain placement, GCS, time to first CT

CT: Computed tomography; HCT: Head computed tomography; HE: Hematoma expansion; ICH: Intracerebral hemorrhage; IVH: Intraventricular hemorrhage; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; PHE: Perihematomal edema; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; WBC: white blood cells.