Low T3 vs low T3T4 euthyroid sick syndrome in septic shock patients: A prospective observational cohort study

Table 1 Demographic parameters, mortality scores, mechanical ventilation and outcome

Parameters		Group		P value
		Low T3	Low T3T4
Age in years		64.8 ± 9.7	62.1 ± 15.9	0.483
Sex	Male	12 (50)	10 (43.5)	0.765
	Female	12 (50)	13 (56.5)
BMI		25.8 ± 5.4	26.6 ± 5.4	0.712
APACHE II		18.8 ± 6.9	20.8 ± 7.7	0.398
SAPS II		52.5 ± 13.1	59.0 ± 15.5	0.046
SOFA		10.6 ± 2.8	10.6 ± 4.6	0.857
Outcome
	Discharge	16 (66.6)	11 (47.8)	0.125
	Death	8 (33.3)	12 (52.1)
ICU stay in days		13.6 ± 25.0	22.0 ± 21.0	0.837
MV in days		9.5 ± 3.1	15.4 ± 19.3	0.906

Student’s t-test and χ² test were used for the analysis, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant between the groups. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) and n (%) values are found in the article by Kovacevic et al[29]. APACHE II: Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; BMI: Body mass index; ICU: Intensive care unit; MV: Mechanical ventilation; SAPS II: Simplified acute physiology score II; SOFA: Sequential organ failure assessment.

Table 2 Vasopressor requirement and complications according to the groups

Parameters		Group		P value
		Low T3	Low T3T4
Vasopressors, No/Yes (%)
	Norepinephrine	0/24 (0.0/100.0)	0/23 (0.0/100.0)	Constant
	Vasopressin	9/15 (37.2/62.5)	12/11 (54.2/45.8)	0.311
	Dobutamine	14/10 (58.3/41.7)	4/19 (17.4/82.6)	0.003
	Epinephrine	18/6 (75.0/25.0)	4/19 (17.4/82.6)	0.000
Complications, No/Yes (%)
	Pneumonia	19/5 (79.2/20.8)	16/7 (69.6/30.4)	0.450
	ARDS	16/8 (66.7/33.3)	15/8 (65.2/34.8)	0.916
	Renal failure	20/4 (83.3/16.7)	7/16 (30.4/69.6)	0.000
	Liver failure	18/6 (75.0/25.0)	20/3 (87.0/13.0)	0.297
	MOF	19/5 (79.2/20.8)	6/17 (26.1/73.9)	0.000

Student’s t-test and χ² test were used for the analysis, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant between the groups. No/Yes (%) values are found in the article by Kovacevic et al[29]. ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; MOF: Multiple organ failure.

Table 3 Blood count, thyroid hormones and albumin values according to the groups

Parameter	Time	Group			P value
		Low T3	Low T3T4	95%CI
Leukocytes as × 109/L, median	T0	15.66	11.21	0.15 to 0.16	0.200
	T1	10.51	13.34	0.81 to 0.83	0.220
	T2	10.15	13.54	0.61 to 0.63	0.082
Erythrocytes as × 109/L, median	T0	4.21	4.01	0.46 to 0.48	0.231
	T1	3.96	3.81	0.61 to 0.63	0.216
	T2	3.78	2.85	0.53 to 0.51	0.335
Platelets as × 109/L, median	T0	227.00	147.00	0.08 to 0.10	0.206
	T1	209.00	142.00	0.24 to 0.26	0.180
	T2	180.00	180.50	0.36 to 0.38	0.160
TSH in mIU/L, median	T0	1.30	0.88	0.24 to 0.25	0.246
	T1	1.01	0.78	0.73 to 0.75	0.755
	T2	1.18	1.00	0.40 to 0.42	0.417
FT3 in pmol/L, median	T0	3.99	3.52	0.20 to 0.22	0.206
	T1	4.64	4.72	0.92 to 0.93	0.929
	T2	6.35	4.75	0.34 to 0.36	0.354
FT4 in pmol/L), median	T0	17.30	9.20	0.00 to 0.00	0.000
	T1	17.35	10.70	0.02 to 0.03	0.035
	T2	15.15	11.40	0.05 to 0.06	0.064
Albumin in g/L, mean ± SD	T0	27.29 ± 4.57	27.74 ± 4.64	-4.17 to 1.58	0.372
	T1	28.46 ± 3.29	27.39 ± 3.88	-4.40 to 0.15	0.131
	T2	29.75 ± 2.91	28.17 ± 6.41	-3.89 to -0.23	0.047

Student’s t-test and χ² test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for the analysis, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant between the groups. Median and mean ± standard deviation (SD) values are found in the article by Kovacevic et al[29]. CI: Confidence interval; FT3: Free triiodothyronine; FT4: Free thyroxine; T0: On the day of admission; T1: On the first day; T2: On the second day; TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Table 4 Inflammatory parameters and blood gas analyzes

Parameter	Time	Group			P value
		Low T3	Low T3T4	95%CI
Median
Neutrophils 1	T	0.88	0.86	0.29-0.31	0.300
	T1	0.88	0.85	0.19-0.21	0.391
	T2	0.86	0.82	0.03-0.04	0.038
Lymphocytes 1	T0	0.05	0.05	0.45-0.47	0.464
	T1	0.06	0.07	0.17-0.19	0.182
	T2	0.01	0.09	0.01-0.02	0.013
CRP in mg/dL	T0	89.00	106.00	0.92-0.93	0.923
	T1	145.50	153.00	0.54-0.56	0.559
	T2	119.00	77.60	0.08-0.09	0.436
PCT in ng/mL	T0	3.85	5.88	0.44-0.46	0.452
	T1	7.55	4.27	0.29-0.31	0.310
	T2	2.47	5.50	0.50-0.52	0.492
pH	T0	7.35	7.33	0.44-0.46	0.459
	T1	7.31	7.39	0.28-0.29	0.287
	T2	7.35	7.46	0.14-0.15	0.149
pCO2 in kPa	T0	5.52	5.06	0.18-0.19	0.198
	T1	5.19	5.59	0.30-0.32	0.318
	T2	5.82	5.10	0.85-0.86	0.864
pO2 in kPa	T0	11.73	12.10	0.44-0.46	0.448
	T1	10.39	13.59	0.82-0.84	0.829
	T2	9.59	12.10	0.92-0.93	0.929
HCO3 in mmol/L	T0	21.45	21.00	0.43-0.45	0.439
	T1	20.70	23.25	0.65-0.67	0.663
	T2	22.70	23.70	0.41-0.43	0.413
Lactate in mmol/L	T0	3.70	2.50	0.40-0.41	0.409
	T1	2.50	1.85	0.14-0.16	0.146
	T2	2.00	2.55	0.01-0.02	0.013

Mann-Whitney U tests were used for the analysis, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant between the groups. Median values are found in the article by Kovacevic et al[29]. CI: Confidence interval; CRP: C-reactive protein; HCO₃: Bicarbonate; pCO₂: Partial pressure of carbon dioxide; pO₂: Partial pressure of oxygen; PCT: Procalcitonin; T0: On the day of admission; T1: On the first day; T2: On the second day.

Table 5 Vasoactive drug-dependent index, shock index and inflammatory prognostic scores

Parameter	Time	Group			P value
		Low T3	Low T3T4	95%CI
VDI	T0	0.11	0.13	0.65-0.67	0.655
	T1	0.03	0.06	0.41-0.43	0.419
	T2	0.00	0.00	0.93-0.94	0.934
SI	T0	1.21	0.00	0.31-0.33	0.322
	T1	0.75	0.86	9.14-0.15	0.148
	T2	0.70	0.79	0.32-0.34	0.329
NLR	T0	15.00	12.00	0.29-0.31	0.298
	T1	15.00	13.00	0.21-0.23	0.218
	T2	12.00	7.00	0.03-0.04	0.037
PLR	T0	30.55	21.09	0.26-0.28	0.550
	T1	30.26	20.20	0.17-0.18	0.483
	T2	23.40	20.00	0.50-0.52	0.496
PI	T0	42.52	60.78	0.20-0.22	0.206
	T1	69.14	55.71	0.21-0.23	0.225
	T2	82.10	29.98	0.05-0.06	0.129

Mann-Whitney U test, Student’s t-test and χ² test were used for the analysis, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant between the groups. Median values are found in the article by Kovacevic et al[29]. CI: Confidence interval; NLR: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; PI: Prognostic index; PLR: Platelets-lymphocyte ratio; SI: Shock index; T0: On the day of admission; T1: On the first day; T2: On the second day; VDI: Vasoactive drug-dependent index.