Venous excess ultrasound: A mini-review and practical guide for its application in critically ill patients

doi:10.5492/wjccm.v14.i2.101708

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Jun 9, 2025 (publication date) through Feb 28, 2025

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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2220-3141

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Crit Care Med. Jun 9, 2025; 14(2): 101708
Published online Jun 9, 2025. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v14.i2.101708

Venous excess ultrasound: A mini-review and practical guide for its application in critically ill patients

Wei Ven Chin, Melissa Mei Ing Ngai, Kay Choong See

Wei Ven Chin, Acute Internal Medicine, Department of Medical, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching 93586, Sarawak, Malaysia

Melissa Mei Ing Ngai, Department of Pharmacy, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore

Kay Choong See, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119228, Singapore

Author contributions: Chin WV wrote the manuscript; Ngai MMI participated in drafting sections and reviewing written content; See KC provided supervision and revised the manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: Wei Ven Chin has no conflict of interest to disclose, Melissa Ngai has no conflict of interest to disclose, Kay Choong See has received honoraria from GE Healthcare and Medtronic, and has no other conflicts of interest to disclose.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Wei Ven Chin, MD, MRCP, Doctor, Acute Internal Medicine, Department of Medical, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching 93586, Sarawak, Malaysia. rachelchin8781@gmail.com

Received: September 24, 2024
Revised: January 21, 2025
Accepted: February 17, 2025
Published online: June 9, 2025
Processing time: 156 Days and 6.2 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Precise fluid management in critically ill patients is a considerable challenge, as peripheral oedema is common and often complicates accurate assessment of their volume status. The Venous Excess Ultrasound (VExUS) Grading System has emerged as a valuable tool for assessing fluid intolerance and venous congestion across various clinical settings. This mini review emphasizes the application of VExUS to enhance fluid management strategies and its potential to improve patient outcomes. By integrating VExUS into clinical workflows, healthcare providers can better address fluid-related complications and optimize care for patients with complex needs.