Published online Jan 9, 2023. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v12.i1.10
Peer-review started: November 4, 2022
First decision: November 30, 2022
Revised: December 5, 2022
Accepted: December 23, 2022
Article in press: December 23, 2022
Published online: January 9, 2023
Processing time: 60 Days and 2.9 Hours
Core Tip: Raised intracranial pressure (ICP) maybe present in a significant proportion of neuro-critically ill patients and any delay in its management may lead to poor outcomes. Even though the gold standard for measuring raised ICP is the intraventricular catheter, it is invasive, not widely available, requires expertise in insertion and maintenance and may be associated with many risks. Hence, non-invasive methods like computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging are being increasingly used to diagnose raised ICP. However, their utility is also restricted by logistical issues and have limited repeatability. Bedside ultrasonography measuring optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) can be used as a screening test to detect raised ICP and as a trigger to initiate further management. ONSD can also be beneficial in ruling out a diagnosis in a low-prevalence population and rule in a diagnosis in a high-prevalence population.