Published online Sep 9, 2023. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v12.i4.204
Peer-review started: March 20, 2023
First decision: June 14, 2023
Revised: June 28, 2023
Accepted: July 17, 2023
Article in press: July 17, 2023
Published online: September 9, 2023
Processing time: 168 Days and 17.4 Hours
Septic shock treatment remains a major challenge for intensive care units, despite the recent prominent advances in both management and outcomes. Vasopressors serve as a cornerstone of septic shock therapy, but there is still controversy over the timing of administration. Specifically, it remains unclear whether vasopressors should be used early in the course of treatment. Here, we provide a systematic review of the literature on the timing of vasopressor administration. Research was systematically identified through PubMed, Embase and Cochrane searching according to PRISMA guidelines. Fourteen studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. The pathophysiological basis for early vasopressor use was classified, with the exploration on indications for the early administration of mono-vasopressors or their combination with vasopressin or angiotensinII. We found that mortality was 28.1%-47.7% in the early vasopressors group, and 33.6%-54.5% in the control group. We also investigated the issue of vasopressor responsiveness. Furthermore, we acknowledged the subsequent challenge of administration of high-dose norepinephrine via peripheral veins with early vasopressor use. Based on the literature review, we propose a possible protocol for the early initiation of vasopressors in septic shock resuscitation.
Core tip: It remains unclear whether vasopressors should be used early in the course of treatment of septic shock. Here, we provide a systematic review of the literature on the timing of vasopressor administration. The pathophysiological basis for early vasopressors use was classified, with the exploration on indications for the early administration of mono-vasopressors or their combination with vasopressin or angiotensinII. We also investigated the issue of vasopressor responsiveness and the subsequent challenge of administrating high-dose norepinephrine via the peripheral vein with early vasopressor use. Based on the literature review, we propose a possible protocol for the early initiation of vasopressors in septic shock resuscitation.