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1
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Ezeani A, Tcheugui JBE, Agurs-Collins T. Sex/gender differences in metabolic syndrome among cancer survivors in the US: an NHANES analysis. J Cancer Surviv 2024; 18:1648-1656. [PMID: 37347429 PMCID: PMC11424697 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01404-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components in cancer survivors (CS) by gender, in comparison to participants without a history of cancer who have at least one chronic disease (CD) and those without a chronic disease diagnosis (NCD). METHODS Data from participants 40 years and older (n = 12,734) were collected from the 2011 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset. MetS was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III. Chi-square test and multivariate-adjusted logistic regression was used to assess group comparisons and associations respectively. RESULTS Compared to NCD, CS and CD men had increased odds of meeting MetS, OR 2.60 (CI 1.75-3.87) and OR 2.18 (CI 1.59-2.98) respectively. For women, CS and CD participants also had higher odds of meeting MetS criteria compared to their healthy counterparts, OR 2.05 (CI 1.44-2.93) and OR 2.14 (CI 1.63-2.81) respectively. In subgroup analysis by cancer site, CS men with a history of hematologic malignancies (OR 4.88, CI 1.30-18.37) and CS women with cervical cancer (OR 4.25, CI 1.70-10.59) had highest odds of developing MetS, compared to NCD. CS men also showed a strong association with elevated waist circumference, low high density lipoprotein-c, and elevated triglycerides, even by cancer site, but there were no consistent findings among women. CONCLUSION This study indicates that CS men have a strong association with MetS, especially among those with blood-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adaora Ezeani
- National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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Kim GJ, Han KD, Joo YH. Association of Metabolic Syndrome with the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study of 10 Million Initially Healthy Individuals. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4118. [PMID: 37627146 PMCID: PMC10452383 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this national population-based retrospective study was to analyze the relationship between MetS and the incidence of HNC. In this Korean population-based cohort study, 9,598,085 subjects above the age of 20 were monitored from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2018. In the study population, a total of 10,732 individuals were newly diagnosed with HNC during the 10-year follow-up. The hazard ratio (HR), after adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, and exercise, indicated that participants with MetS were at a 1.06-fold (95% CI: 1.01-1.10) higher risk of having HNC than those without MetS. Participants with MetS showed an increased risk of developing oral cavity cancer (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03-1.23) and laryngeal cancer (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.09-1.27). Among the components of MetS, elevated fasting glucose (HR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00-1.08) and elevated blood pressure (HR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04-1.13) were significantly associated with an increased HR for HNC in an adjusted multivariable model. The association between HNC and MetS remained significant even among individuals who had never smoked or were ex-smokers (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04-1.15), as well as those who did not drink or were mild drinkers (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.02-1.12). The findings of this cohort study suggest MetS was associated with an increased risk for some types of HNCs. The results of this study could assist with etiological investigations and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun-Jeon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young-Hoon Joo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
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Feng F, Zhong YX, Chen Y, Lin FX, Huang JH, Mai Y, Zhao PP, Wei W, Zhu HC, Xu ZP. Establishment and validation of serum lipid-based nomogram for predicting the risk of prostate cancer. BMC Urol 2023; 23:120. [PMID: 37452418 PMCID: PMC10349516 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01291-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the value of combined serum lipids with clinical symptoms to diagnose prostate cancer (PCa), and to develop and validate a Nomogram and prediction model to better select patients at risk of PCa for prostate biopsy. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 548 patients who underwent prostate biopsies as a result of high serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels or irregular digital rectal examinations (DRE) was conducted. The enrolled patients were randomly assigned to the training groups (n = 384, 70%) and validation groups (n = 164, 30%). To identify independent variables for PCa, serum lipids (TC, TG, HDL, LDL, apoA-1, and apoB) were taken into account in the multivariable logistic regression analyses of the training group, and established predictive models. After that, we evaluated prediction models with clinical markers using decision curves and the area under the curve (AUC). Based on training group data, a Nomogram was developed to predict PCa. RESULTS 210 (54.70%) of the patients in the training group were diagnosed with PCa. Multivariate regression analysis showed that total PSA, f/tPSA, PSA density (PSAD), TG, LDL, DRE, and TRUS were independent risk predictors of PCa. A prediction model utilizing a Nomogram was constructed with a cut-off value of 0.502. The training and validation groups achieved area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.846 and 0.814 respectively. According to the decision curve analysis (DCA), the prediction model yielded optimal overall net benefits in both the training and validation groups, which is better than the optimal net benefit of PSA alone. After comparing our developed prediction model with two domestic models and PCPT-RC, we found that our prediction model exhibited significantly superior predictive performance. Furthermore, in comparison with clinical indicators, our Nomogram's ability to predict prostate cancer showed good estimation, suggesting its potential as a reliable tool for prognostication. CONCLUSIONS The prediction model and Nomogram, which utilize both blood lipid levels and clinical signs, demonstrated improved accuracy in predicting the risk of prostate cancer, and consequently can guide the selection of appropriate diagnostic strategies for each patient in a more personalized manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Feng
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6, Qinren Road, Foshan, 528099, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xiang Zhong
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6, Qinren Road, Foshan, 528099, P.R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6, Qinren Road, Foshan, 528099, P.R. China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Xiang Lin
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6, Qinren Road, Foshan, 528099, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Huang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6, Qinren Road, Foshan, 528099, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Mai
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6, Qinren Road, Foshan, 528099, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Peng Zhao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6, Qinren Road, Foshan, 528099, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6, Qinren Road, Foshan, 528099, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Cai Zhu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6, Qinren Road, Foshan, 528099, P.R. China
| | - Zhan-Ping Xu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6, Qinren Road, Foshan, 528099, P.R. China.
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4
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Scheinberg T, Mak B, Butler L, Selth L, Horvath LG. Targeting lipid metabolism in metastatic prostate cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359231152839. [PMID: 36743527 PMCID: PMC9893394 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231152839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite key advances in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa), a proportion of men have de novo resistance, and all will develop resistance to current therapeutics over time. Aberrant lipid metabolism has long been associated with prostate carcinogenesis and progression, but more recently there has been an explosion of preclinical and clinical data which is informing new clinical trials. This review explores the epidemiological links between obesity and metabolic syndrome and PCa, the evidence for altered circulating lipids in PCa and their potential role as biomarkers, as well as novel therapeutic strategies for targeting lipids in men with PCa, including therapies widely used in cardiovascular disease such as statins, metformin and lifestyle modification, as well as novel targeted agents such as sphingosine kinase inhibitors, DES1 inhibitors and agents targeting FASN and beta oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahlia Scheinberg
- Medical Oncology, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown NSW, Australia,Advanced Prostate Cancer Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Blossom Mak
- Medical Oncology, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown NSW, Australia,Advanced Prostate Cancer Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia,University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa Butler
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute and Freemason’s Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Luke Selth
- South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute and Freemason’s Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Labs, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Bedford Park, Australia
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Murdock DJ, Sanchez RJ, Mohammadi KA, Fazio S, Geba GP. Serum cholesterol and the risk of developing hormonally driven cancers: A narrative review. Cancer Med 2022; 12:6722-6767. [PMID: 36444895 PMCID: PMC10067100 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cholesterol has been hypothesized to promote cancer development through several potential pathways, its role in the risk of developing hormonally driven cancer is controversial. This literature review summarizes evidence from the highest quality studies to examine the consistency and strength of the relationship between serum cholesterol parameters and incidence of hormonally driven cancer. Articles were identified using EMBASE. Longitudinal observational studies published between January 2000 and December 2020 were considered for inclusion. The endpoint of interest was incident prostate, ovary, breast, endometrium, and uterine cancers. In total, 2732 reports were identified and screened; 41 studies were included in the review. No associations were found for ovarian cancer. Most endometrial cancer studies were null. The majority (76.9%) of studies reported no association between cholesterol and prostate cancer. Data on breast cancer were conflicting, associations limited, and effect sizes modest. Our results do not provide evidence for a clear association between cholesterol and different types of incident, hormonally driven reproductive cancers. Future studies should investigate the impact of lipid-lowering therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana J Murdock
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Sergio Fazio
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Gregory P Geba
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
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Metabolic Diseases and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Cohort Study Analyzing Nationwide Population-Based Data. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133277. [PMID: 35805048 PMCID: PMC9265067 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the association between metabolic diseases and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) using nationwide population-based big data. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Korean National Health Insurance Service health checkup database. A total of 4,575,818 participants aged >40 years who received a health checkup in 2008 were enrolled, and we studied the incidence of HNC until 2019. We analyzed the risk of HNC according to the presence of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Although metabolic syndrome itself was not associated with HNC, each component of metabolic syndrome was associated with HNC. Underweight and diabetes were risk factors for HNC (HR: 1.694). High total cholesterol and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were factors that decreased the risk (HR 0.910 and 0.839). When we analyzed men and women separately, low total cholesterol level, low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and hypertension were risk factors only in men. In addition, pre-obesity, obesity, and central obesity decreased the risk only in men. Each metabolic disease affects HNC in different ways. Underweight and diabetes increased the risk of HNC, whereas high total cholesterol and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased the risk of HNC.
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Gao X, Li R, Jin T, Tang H. The Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Large-Scale Investigation and Study of Chinese. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:787268. [PMID: 35669684 PMCID: PMC9164813 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.787268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components and prostate cancer (PCa). Methods This study enrolled 482 943 consecutive men who underwent routine health checkups at the Health Management Center of West China Hospital Between 2010 and 2017. For patients with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels or color Doppler ultrasound indicating abnormal prostates, we recommended prostate puncture and follow-up. We used the chi-square test and independent t-test for categorical variables and continuous variables, respectively. We used logistic regression analysis to evaluate the effects of MetS and its components on prostate cancer risk. Results We found that the incidence of PCa in Chinese men over 40 years of age was 0.1%. Among the 85882 participants, 31.5% (27016/85882) of the patients were diagnosed with MetS. PCa was associated with older age, higher PSA levels, lighter weight and shorter height, hypertension, elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HDL cholesterol level, lower triglycerides. After excluded the interference of other factors in multivariate logistic analysis, we found that MetS, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and obesity were not related to the risk of PCa. High age and PSA levels were risk factors for prostate cancer. Conclusions High age and PSA levels were risk factors for prostate cancer. MetS, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and obesity were not related to the risk of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Gao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruicen Li
- Department of Health Management Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huairong Tang
- Department of Health Management Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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8
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OUP accepted manuscript. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:504-516. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Choi JB, Myong JP, Lee Y, Koh JS, Hong SH, Yoon BI, Ha US. Impact of age and metabolic syndrome-like components on prostate cancer development: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:2990-2997. [PMID: 34430402 PMCID: PMC8350233 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Because of the contradictory results, more epidemiologic data is needed to determine if metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for developing prostate cancer. This study investigated whether metabolic syndrome-like components affect the incidence of prostate cancer in a Korean population. Methods Men over 50 years of age who underwent health examinations in 2009 were followed until December 2015 (n=1,917,430) using National Health Insurance System data. Subjects were divided into three groups according to the number of metabolic syndrome-like components. The predictive accuracy of age for prostate cancer was assessed by the Youden index and multivariate adjusted Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of metabolic syndrome-like components on prostate cancer development. Results The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, and the best cutoff age for prostate cancer detection was 62 years (the maximum value of the Youden index). When stratified by the number of metabolic syndrome-like components, the age with the highest Youden index of each group is still 61 or 62 years. In multivariate adjusted Cox regression analysis, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate among the non-component group, the group with 1 or 2 components, and the group with ≥3 components. Conclusions The current study found that there was no statistically significant association between metabolic syndrome and prostate cancer development in a Korean population. However, results of this study should be interpreted with consideration due to several limitations including the diversity of definitions of metabolic syndrome components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Bong Choi
- Department of Urology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Pyo Myong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunhee Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Sung Koh
- Department of Urology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hoo Hong
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Il Yoon
- Department of Urology, International St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic Kwandong University of Korea, Incheon, Korea
| | - U-Syn Ha
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Wang CL, Hsu PS, Lin CY, Yang SF. Clinical Factors Associated with Asymptomatic Women Having Inconclusive Screening Mammography Results: Experiences from a Single Medical Center in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105410. [PMID: 34069375 PMCID: PMC8158679 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Screening mammography is used worldwide for the early detection of breast cancer in women experiencing no symptoms. The Breast Imaging Reporting and Database System (BI-RADS) is used to report mammographic findings. However, little is known about the clinical characteristics of Asian women with BI-RADS category 0, and we aimed to explore such characteristics in the context of Taiwan. This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data from a single tertiary medical center. We examined the association of blood test data and estrogen exposure–related medical histories with BI-RADS reports from screening mammography of 4280 women between 1 January 2010 and 31 July 2019. The data of 4280 participants were evaluated, and they were categorized into BI-RADS category 0 (n = 413; 9.6%) and 1–5 (n = 3867; 90.4%) subgroups. In a multivariate analysis, breast surgery history and premenopausal status had a positive relationship with a category 0 status, with respective risk increases of 64% and 34% (p = 0.010 and 0.013). Hormone contraceptive use for ≥5 years was a negative independent predictor of having a category 0 status. In conclusion, breast surgery history and premenopausal status significantly increased the likelihood of individuals having incomplete mammographic findings, even when they were older than 45 years. Identifying related factors before screening mammography is helpful for clinical physicians to arrange more proper and alternative examination and obtain a definite diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Li Wang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
| | - Pi-Shan Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.L.); (S.-F.Y.)
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.L.); (S.-F.Y.)
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Olatunji LA, Areola ED, Usman TO, Badmus OO, Olaniyi KS. Treatment with acetate during late pregnancy protects dams against testosterone-induced renal dysfunction. Heliyon 2021; 7:e05920. [PMID: 33490680 PMCID: PMC7809375 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases are complicated by renal damage. Gestational hyperandrogenism causes gestational metabolic dysfunction that is associated with fetal and maternal tissue derangements as well as post-partum maternal androgen excess. Acetate (Ace) conferred hepatoprotection in pregnant rats exposed to excess testosterone (Tes). The effect of excess androgenic exposure on maternal kidney during and after pregnancy is not clear. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of late gestational and post-gestational testosterone exposure on renal functions and plausible renoprotective role of gestational Ace treatment in dams. Thirty pregnant Wistar rats were grouped (n = 10/group) and treated (sc) with olive oil, testosterone propionate (0.5 mg/kg) with or without acetate (200 mg/kg sodium acetate; p.o) between gestational days 14 and 19. Data were obtained from half of the animals on gestational day 20. Data were also obtained from the other half (dams) after treatment of animals which received Tes with or without prior gestational acetate treatment with post-gestational Tes (sc; 0.5 mg/kg) for the last 6 days of an 8-week postpartum period. Biochemical and statistical analyses were performed with appropriate methods and SPSS statistical software respectively. Late gestational excess Tes led to low placental weight (p = 0.0001, F = 205.7), poor fetal outcomes, creatinine (p = 0.0001, F = 385.4), urea (p = 0.0001, F = 300.9) and renal uric acid (UA) (p = 0.0001, F = 123.2), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (p = 0.004, F = 26.9), malondialdehyde (p = 0.0001, F = 45.96), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p = 0.0002, F = 150.7). Postpartum Tes exposure also caused elevated plasma testosterone (p = 0001, F = 22.15), creatinine (p = 0.0002, F = 15.2), urea (p = 0.01, F = 13.8) and renal UA (p = 0.0001, 226.8), adenosine deaminase (p = 0001, F = 544.7), GGT (p = 0.0002, F = 401.4) and LDH (p = 0.01, F = 23.7). However, gestational acetate treatment ameliorated the renal effects of gestational and post-gestational Tes exposure. Taken together, gestational acetate would pre-programme dams against renal dysfunction caused by Tes exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A Olatunji
- HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team and Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel D Areola
- HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team and Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Taofeek O Usman
- HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team and Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.,Cardiovascular Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Olufunto O Badmus
- HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team and Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.,Department of Public Health, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde S Olaniyi
- HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team and Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.,Cardio/Repro-metabolic and Microbiome Research Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Ahn HK, Lee YH, Koo KC. Current Status and Application of Metformin for Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228540. [PMID: 33198356 PMCID: PMC7698147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin, an oral biguanide used for first-line treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, has attracted attention for its anti-proliferative and anti-cancer effects in several solid tumors, including prostate cancer (PCa). Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity and protein synthesis, induction of apoptosis and autophagy by p53 and p21, and decreased blood insulin level have been suggested as direct anti-cancer mechanisms of metformin. Research has shown that PCa development and progression are associated with metabolic syndrome and its components. Therefore, reduction in the risk of PCa and improvement in survival in metformin users may be the results of the direct anti-cancer mechanisms of the drug or the secondary effects from improvement of metabolic syndrome. In contrast, some research has suggested that there is no association between metformin use and PCa incidence or survival. In this comprehensive review, we summarize updated evidence on the relationship between metformin use and oncological effects in patients with PCa. We also highlight ongoing clinical trials evaluating metformin as an adjuvant therapy in novel drug combinations in various disease settings.
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Harrison S, Tilling K, Turner EL, Martin RM, Lennon R, Lane JA, Donovan JL, Hamdy FC, Neal DE, Bosch JLHR, Jones HE. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between body mass index, prostate cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and prostate-specific antigen. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:431-449. [PMID: 32162172 PMCID: PMC7105428 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and prostate cancer remains unclear. However, there is an inverse association between BMI and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), used for prostate cancer screening. We conducted this review to estimate the associations between BMI and (1) prostate cancer, (2) advanced prostate cancer, and (3) PSA. METHODS We searched PubMed and Embase for studies until 02 October 2017 and obtained individual participant data from four studies. In total, 78 studies were identified for the association between BMI and prostate cancer, 21 for BMI and advanced prostate cancer, and 35 for BMI and PSA. We performed random-effects meta-analysis of linear associations of log-PSA and prostate cancer with BMI and, to examine potential non-linearity, of associations between categories of BMI and each outcome. RESULTS In the meta-analyses with continuous BMI, a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was associated with a percentage change in PSA of - 5.88% (95% CI - 6.87 to - 4.87). Using BMI categories, compared to normal weight men the PSA levels of overweight men were 3.43% lower (95% CI - 5.57 to - 1.23), and obese men were 12.9% lower (95% CI - 15.2 to - 10.7). Prostate cancer and advanced prostate cancer analyses showed little or no evidence associations. CONCLUSION There is little or no evidence of an association between BMI and risk of prostate cancer or advanced prostate cancer, and strong evidence of an inverse and non-linear association between BMI and PSA. The association between BMI and prostate cancer is likely biased if missed diagnoses are not considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Harrison
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
| | - Kate Tilling
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Emma L Turner
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Richard M Martin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Rosie Lennon
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, England
| | - J Athene Lane
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Jenny L Donovan
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, England
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
| | - David E Neal
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - J L H Ruud Bosch
- Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hayley E Jones
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
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Liu W, Li W, Wang Z, Zhu Y, Ye D, Zhang G. Metabolically Abnormal Obesity Increases the Risk of Advanced Prostate Cancer in Chinese Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:1779-1787. [PMID: 32210619 PMCID: PMC7071860 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s242193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the pathological risk of prostate cancer (PCa) according to the obesity and metabolic status of Chinese patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of 1016 patients with PCa who underwent radical prostatectomy and whose metabolic status and body mass index were examined. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between different metabolic obesity phenotypes and the pathological outcomes of PCa. Results Among 1016 men, 551 (54.2%), 106 (10.4%), 238 (23.4%), and 121 (11.9%) were assigned to the metabolically healthy and normal weight (MHNW) group, metabolically abnormal but normal weight (MANW) group, metabolically healthy but overweight or obese (MHO) group, and metabolically abnormal and overweight or obese (MAO) group, respectively. Compared with the MHNW group, the MAO group had a significantly greater risk of a higher prostatectomy Gleason score [odds ratio (OR), 1.907; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.144–3.182], pathological stage (OR, 1.606; 95% CI, 1.035–2.493), and seminal vesicle invasion (OR, 1.673; 95% CI, 1.041–2.687). In contrast, the ORs were not increased in the MHO or MANW group. In the context of normal weight, metabolic disorders were associated with lymph node involvement. The metabolic status and body mass index were not associated with extracapsular extension or surgical margins in any of the four groups. Conclusion The MAO phenotype is associated with aggressive PCa, including a higher prostatectomy Gleason score, pathological stage, and seminal vesicle invasion and might also be associated with disease progression. Obesity and metabolic disorders act synergistically to increase the pathological risk of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhankun Wang
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiming Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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15
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The association of metabolic syndrome and its components with serum prostate-specific antigen levels. Eur J Cancer Prev 2020; 29:36-41. [DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Benke IN, Leitzmann MF, Behrens G, Schmid D. Physical activity in relation to risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:1154-1179. [PMID: 29788165 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers among men, yet little is known about its modifiable risk and protective factors. This study aims to quantitatively summarize observational studies relating physical activity (PA) to PCa incidence and mortality. Materials and methods Published articles pertaining to PA and PCa incidence and mortality were retrieved in July 2017 using the Medline and EMBASE databases. The literature review yielded 48 cohort studies and 24 case-control studies with a total of 151 748 PCa cases. The mean age of the study participants at baseline was 61 years. Results In random-effects models, comparing the highest versus the lowest level of overall PA showed a summary relative risk (RR) estimate for total PCa incidence close to the null [RR = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.94-1.04]. The corresponding RRs for advanced and non-advanced PCa were 0.92 (95% CI = 0.80-1.06) and 0.95 (95% CI = 0.85-1.07), respectively. We noted a statistically significant inverse association between long-term occupational activity and total PCa (RR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.71-0.98, n studies = 13), although that finding became statistically non-significant when individual studies were removed from the analysis. When evaluated by cancer subtype, an inverse association with long-term occupational activity was noted for non-advanced/non-aggressive PCa (RR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.37-0.71, n studies = 2) and regular recreational activity was inversely related to advanced/aggressive PCa (RR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.60-0.95, n studies = 2), although these observations are based on a low number of studies. Moreover, PA after diagnosis was related to reduced risk of PCa mortality among survivors of PCa (summary RR based on four studies = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.55-0.85). Conclusions Whether PA protects against PCa remains elusive. Further investigation taking into account the complex clinical and pathologic nature of PCa is needed to clarify the PA and PCa incidence relation. Moreover, future studies are needed to confirm whether PA after diagnosis reduces risk of PCa mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- I N Benke
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - M F Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - G Behrens
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - D Schmid
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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17
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Seretis A, Cividini S, Markozannes G, Tseretopoulou X, Lopez DS, Ntzani EE, Tsilidis KK. Association between blood pressure and risk of cancer development: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8565. [PMID: 31189941 PMCID: PMC6561976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the exception of renal cell carcinoma, studies assessing the association between hypertension and other cancers are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess this evidence. We included observational studies investigating the association between any definition of hypertension or systolic and diastolic blood pressure and risk of any cancer, after searching PubMed until November 2017. We calculated summary relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using inverse-variance weighted random effects methods. A total of 148 eligible publications were identified out of 39,891 initially screened citations. Considering only evidence from 85 prospective studies, positive associations were observed between hypertension and kidney, colorectal and breast cancer. Positive associations between hypertension and risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, liver and endometrial cancer were also observed, but the majority of studies did not perform comprehensive multivariable adjustments. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were positively associated with risk of kidney cancer but not with other cancers. In addition to the previously well-described association between hypertension and risk of kidney cancer, the current meta-analysis suggested that hypertensive individuals may also be at higher risk of colorectal and breast cancer. However, careful interpretation is required as most meta-analyses included relatively small number of studies, several relative risks had weak or moderate magnitude and maybe affected by residual confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis Seretis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Markozannes
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Xanthippi Tseretopoulou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - David S Lopez
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Evangelia E Ntzani
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.,Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece. .,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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18
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Krstev S, Knutsson A. Occupational Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer: A Meta-analysis. J Cancer Prev 2019; 24:91-111. [PMID: 31360689 PMCID: PMC6619854 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2019.24.2.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. There are many occupational factors that have been suggested to cause prostate cancer. Our aim was to evaluate the evidence for causality by a literature review of occupational factors. We searched literature in Medline and SCOPUS from 1966 to June 30, 2015 to identify occupational risk factors for prostate cancer. The following risk factors were selected: farmers/agricultural workers, pesticides - whole group, and separately organophosphate and organochlorine pesticides, carbamates and triazines, cadmium, chromium, cutting fluids, acrylonitrile, rubber manufacturing, whole body vibration, shift work, flight personnel, ionizing radiation, and occupational physical activity. For each factor a literature search was performed and presented as meta-analysis of relative risk and heterogeneity (Q and I2 index). A total of 168 original studies met the inclusion criteria with 90,688 prostate cancer cases. Significantly increased risks were observed for the following occupational exposures: pesticides (metaRR = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01-1.32; I2 = 84%), and specifically group of organochlorine pesticides (meta relative risk [metaRR] = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.03-1.14; I2 = 0%), chromium (metaRR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.07-1.34; I2 = 31%), shift work (metaRR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.05-1.49; I2 = 78%) and pilots (metaRR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.02-1.94; I2 = 63%) and occupational physical activity in cohort studies (metaRR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.81-0.94; I2 = 0%). The literature review supports a causal association for a few of the previously suggested factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srmena Krstev
- Serbian Institute of Occupational Health, Belgrade,
Serbia
| | - Anders Knutsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall,
Sweden
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19
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Dibaba DT, Judd SE, Gilchrist SC, Cushman M, Pisu M, Safford M, Akinyemiju T. Association between obesity and biomarkers of inflammation and metabolism with cancer mortality in a prospective cohort study. Metabolism 2019; 94:69-76. [PMID: 30802456 PMCID: PMC7401298 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between biomarkers of inflammation and metabolic dysregulation and cancer mortality by obesity status. METHODS Data from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort was used to examine the associations between baseline biomarkers of inflammation (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and CRP) and metabolism (adiponectin, resisting and lipoprotein (a)) with cancer mortality among 1822 participants cancer-free at baseline. Weighted Cox proportional hazard regression with the robust sandwich method was used to estimate the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for baseline covariates and stratified by BMI (normal, overweight/obese) given the significant interaction between biomarkers and BMI (p < 0.1). RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 8 years, there were statistically significant associations between cancer mortality and being in the highest vs. lowest tertile of IL-6 (HR: 5.3; 95% CI: 1.6, 17.8), CRP (HR: 3.4; 95% CI: 1.0, 11.2) and resistin (HR: 3.7; 95% CI: 1.2, 11.2) among participants with normal BMI. IL-6 was also associated with a 3-fold (HR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.5, 8.1) increased risk of cancer mortality among participants with overweight/obesity; however, neither CRP nor resistin was significantly associated with cancer mortality in this group. CONCLUSIONS Higher baseline inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers were associated with significantly increased risk of cancer mortality after adjusting for baseline risk factors and the associations varied by BMI. Cancer patients may benefit from interventions that modulate inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Dibaba
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Susan C Gilchrist
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention and Cardiology, University of Texas MD, Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont Cancer Center, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Maria Pisu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Monika Safford
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tomi Akinyemiju
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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20
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Zheng X, Qiu S, Liao X, Han X, Jin K, Yang L, Wei Q. The accumulation of metabolic syndrome components is associated with higher risk of positive surgical margin among patients with localized prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1613-1620. [PMID: 30881016 PMCID: PMC6396662 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s195148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the accumulation of its components with prostate cancer (PCa). Patients and methods Patients undergoing radical prostatectomy were retrospectively included. Patients were grouped by low risk and intermediate-high risk according to International Society of Urological Pathology grade. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox hazard regression model were utilized to assess the association of MetS with overall survival, biochemical recurrence, upgrading, upstaging, and positive surgical margin (PSM) after prostatectomy. Besides, trend test was also performed to evaluate the impact of the accumulation of MetS components on postoperative pathological feature. Results A total of 1,083 patients were eventually enrolled. With a median follow-up of 40.45 months, 197 patients were diagnosed with MetS. No significant association between MetS and survival outcomes and pathological features was found. However, we did notice that the accumulation of the MetS components could lead to an elevated gradient of the PSM risk in the entire cohort (one component: OR=1.46; two components: OR=1.89; ≥3 components: OR=2.07; P for trend=0.0194) and intermediate-high risk group (one component: OR=1.4; two components: OR=1.85; ≥3 components: OR=2.05; P for trend=0.0127). Conclusion The accumulation of MetS components could lead to increasing risk of PSM on the entire PCa cohort and patients with intermediate-high risk PCa after prostatectomy, but not for the low-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Zheng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Shi Qiu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ; .,Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyang Liao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xin Han
- West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, ;
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21
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Kim JW, Ahn ST, Oh MM, Moon DG, Han K, Park HS. Incidence of Prostate Cancer according to Metabolic Health Status: a Nationwide Cohort Study. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e49. [PMID: 30787682 PMCID: PMC6374548 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the association between metabolic health status and incidence of prostate cancer using the National Health Check-ups (NHC) database of Korea. METHODS A total of 11,771,252 men who participated in the NHC between 2009 and 2012 and 56,552 men who were newly diagnosed with prostate cancer were analyzed. Normal-weight and obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2 and ≥ 25 kg/m2, respectively. Metabolic obesity was defined as the presence ≥ 3 components of the metabolic syndrome. Participants were stratified into 4 groups: metabolically healthy, normal-weight; metabolically obese, normal-weight (MONW); metabolically healthy, obese (MHO); and metabolically obese, obese. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between metabolic health status and incidence of prostate cancer. RESULTS During a mean 5.4 ± 1.1 years of follow-up, 56,552 patients were registered with a diagnosis of prostate cancer. When analyzed according to metabolic health status classification, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.143 for the MONW group, 1.097 for the MHO group, showing the HR for the MONW group was higher than that for the MHO group. As the number of metabolic syndrome components increased, HR increased significantly. When stratified based on BMI, metabolically obese patients showed significantly higher HR than metabolically healthy patients in all BMI groups. CONCLUSION This population-based nationwide study revealed an association between metabolic health status and the incidence of prostate cancer, and the risk increased according to the number of components of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Wook Kim
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Tae Ahn
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Mi Oh
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Du Geon Moon
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Seok Park
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Abdel-Rahman O. Impact of Diabetes on the Outcomes of Patients With Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Treated With Docetaxel: A Pooled Analysis of Three Phase III Studies. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2019; 17:e104-e112. [PMID: 30341029 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aims to provide an assessment of the impact of diabetes mellitus and its metformin treatment on the outcomes of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) within a pooled dataset of 3 clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a pooled analysis of the comparator arms of 3 clinical trials (NCT00988208; NCT00273338; NCT00519285) that evaluated docetaxel/prednisone in chemotherapy-naive patients with CRPC. Overall survival according to patient subsets (nondiabetic patients, diabetic metformin patients, and diabetic non-metformin patients) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank testing. Multivariate analysis of factors affecting overall survival was then performed through Cox regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 1600 patients were enrolled into the current study, of which 147 patients were diabetic patients receiving metformin, 116 patients were diabetic patients not receiving metformin, and 1337 were nondiabetic patients. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, no evidence for overall survival difference was found among the 3 patient subsets (diabetic metformin patients, diabetic non-metformin patients, and nondiabetic patients) (P = .908). The following factors were predictive of worse overall survival in multivariate analysis: lower hemoglobin (P < .0001), lower body mass index (P = .041), shorter docetaxel treatment (P < .0001), and higher M1 sub-stage (P = .016). CONCLUSION Diabetes mellitus (with or without metformin treatment) does not seem to have a significant effect on the outcomes of chemotherapy-naive patients with CRPC treated with docetaxel/prednisone. Further studies are needed to clarify the impact of metabolic syndrome on the outcomes of androgen-dependent prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Abdel-Rahman
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Oncology, University of Calgary and Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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23
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Kim SY, Han KD, Joo YH. Metabolic Syndrome and Incidence of Laryngeal Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:667. [PMID: 30679643 PMCID: PMC6345961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unknown whether the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects the incidence of laryngeal cancer. The aim of this national population-based retrospective study was to analyze the relationship between MetS and the incidence of laryngeal cancer. Patients with laryngeal cancer (ICD-10: C32) between 2009 and 2010 were retrospectively identified and tracked until 2015 using the Korean Health Insurance claims database. During the seven-year follow-up period, 5,322 subjects were newly diagnosed with larynx cancer. The mean age of people with laryngeal cancer was much higher than those without (63.29 vs. 47.7 years, p < 0.0001), and the incidence of larynx cancer in men was much higher than that in women (93.16% vs. 6.84%, p < 0.0001). Age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, and exercise-adjusted hazard ratios indicated that participants with MetS had a 1.13-fold higher hazard of having larynx cancer than those without MetS. The number of MetS components was a strong risk factor for laryngeal cancer with a higher risk estimate of this cancer in both ex- and current smokers as well as people who have never smoked. MetS was found to be an independent risk factor for the incidence of laryngeal cancer. In Korea, MetS and its components are significantly associated with the development of laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yeon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-do Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Joo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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24
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Hammarsten J, Damber JE, Haghsheno MA, Mellström D, Peeker R. A stage-dependent link between metabolic syndrome components and incident prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2018; 15:321-333. [PMID: 29434372 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2018.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased cancer risk and progression at almost all sites, including the prostate in high-stage prostate cancer. However, several reports have described an inverse relationship between metabolic syndrome and its components and low-stage incident prostate cancer. Such anomalies in cancer research hamper efforts to fight cancer. Evidence suggests that metabolic syndrome and its components have two distinct effects in prostate cancer, concealing prostate cancer in low-stage disease and promoting progression to high-stage incident, nonlocalized, and lethal prostate cancer. The concealment of prostate cancer by metabolic syndrome and its components might be related to bias mechanisms that reduce PSA level and lead to a delayed diagnosis of low-stage prostate cancer, meaning that fewer men with metabolic syndrome are diagnosed with low-stage disease. The inverse link between metabolic syndrome and its components and low-stage incident prostate cancer might simply be the result of such bias and the shortcomings of the diagnostic procedure rather than being related to prostate cancer biology itself. The evidence summarized here supports the hypothesis that the link between metabolic syndrome and its components and incident prostate cancer is a two-way and stage-dependent one, a theory that requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hammarsten
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Bruna stråket 11 B, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jan-Erik Damber
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Bruna stråket 11 B, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mohammad A Haghsheno
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Bruna stråket 11 B, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Dan Mellström
- Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, and at Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Building K, 6th Floor, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, SE-431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Ralph Peeker
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Bruna stråket 11 B, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
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25
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Lebdai S, Mathieu R, Leger J, Haillot O, Vincendeau S, Rioux-Leclercq N, Fournier G, Perrouin-Verbe MA, Doucet L, Azzouzi AR, Rigaud J, Renaudin K, Charles T, Bruyere F, Fromont G. Metabolic syndrome and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol are associated with adverse pathological features in patients with prostate cancer treated by radical prostatectomy. Urol Oncol 2018; 36:80.e17-80.e24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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26
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Dickerman BA, Torfadottir JE, Valdimarsdottir UA, Wilson KM, Steingrimsdottir L, Aspelund T, Batista JL, Fall K, Giovannucci E, Sigurdardottir LG, Tryggvadottir L, Gudnason V, Markt SC, Mucci LA. Midlife metabolic factors and prostate cancer risk in later life. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:1166-1173. [PMID: 29114858 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is associated with several cancers, but evidence for aggressive prostate cancer is sparse. We prospectively investigated the influence of metabolic syndrome and its components on risk of total prostate cancer and measures of aggressive disease in a cohort of Icelandic men. Men in the Reykjavik Study (n = 9,097, enrolled 1967-1987) were followed for incident (n = 1,084 total; n = 378 advanced; n = 148 high-grade) and fatal (n = 340) prostate cancer until 2014. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for (1) measured metabolic factors at cohort entry (body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose) and (2) a metabolic syndrome score (range 0-4) combining the risk factors: BMI ≥30 kg/m2 ; systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥130 or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥85 mm Hg or taking antihypertensives; triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl; fasting blood glucose ≥100 mg/dl or self-reported type 2 diabetes. Hypertension and type 2 diabetes were associated with a higher risk of total, advanced, high-grade, and fatal prostate cancer, independent of BMI. Neither BMI nor triglycerides were associated with prostate cancer risk. Higher metabolic syndrome score (3-4 vs 0) was associated with a higher risk of fatal prostate cancer (HR 1.55; 95% CI: 0.89, 2.69; p trend = 0.08), although this finding was not statistically significant. Our findings suggest a positive association between midlife hypertension and diabetes and risk of total and aggressive prostate cancer. Further, metabolic syndrome as a combination of factors was associated with an increased risk of fatal prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbra A Dickerman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - Unnur A Valdimarsdottir
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Centre for Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kathryn M Wilson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Laufey Steingrimsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, University Hospital & the Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Centre for Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,The Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Julie L Batista
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Katja Fall
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lara G Sigurdardottir
- Centre for Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Department of Education and Prevention, The Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- The Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sarah C Markt
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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27
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Yanase T, Kawanami T, Tanaka T, Tanabe M, Nomiyama T. Impact of metabolic disorders on prostate cancer growth: Androgen and insulin resistance perspectives. Reprod Med Biol 2017; 16:252-257. [PMID: 29259475 PMCID: PMC5715889 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A high prevalence of cancers in metabolic disorders, like metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), recently has been noted, including prostate cancer (PC), which is androgen-sensitive. However, the pathological relationship among testosterone and insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 signaling in relation to MetS and T2DM with PC remains unclear. Methods Papers were reviewed, including those by the authors. Results In MetS or the initial stage of T2DM accompanying insulin resistance, insulin and IGF-1 signaling could be essential for PC growth. In the advanced stage of T2DM, the decrease in insulin secretion might work against PC growth. A decrease in testosterone concentration with T2DM also might suppress PC proliferation. Androgen deprivation therapy in patients with PC might increase the risk of MetS and/or T2DM and consequently cardiovascular events. Certain drugs for T2DM treatment, such as metformin and glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, potentially might be useful for the treatment of PC. Conclusion The improvement of insulin resistance appears to be essential for the prevention of PC growth. Further studies are needed to clarify the complicated pathophysiology of metabolic disorders in PC growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashihiko Yanase
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes MellitusSchool of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Department of Bioregulatory Science of Life‐related DiseasesFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Takako Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes MellitusSchool of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Tomoko Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes MellitusSchool of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Department of Bioregulatory Science of Life‐related DiseasesFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Makito Tanabe
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes MellitusSchool of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Takashi Nomiyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes MellitusSchool of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Department of Bioregulatory Science of Life‐related DiseasesFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
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28
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Meta-analysis of metabolic syndrome and prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2017; 20:146-155. [DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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29
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Ma HQ, Cui LH, Li CC, Yu Z, Piao JM. Effects of Serum Triglycerides on Prostate Cancer and Breast Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:1073-82. [PMID: 27618148 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1206582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show conflicting results regarding the link between serum triglyceride and the risk of prostate cancer and breast cancer. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of prospective studies to clarify this association. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database to identify relevant prospective studies of the relationship between serum triglyceride and prostate cancer and breast cancer risk. Study-specific estimates adjusting for potential confounders were combined to evaluate a summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using a fixed- or random-effects model. A total of 11 prospective studies (619,410 subjects and 15,691 incident prostate cancer patients) and 8 prospective studies (590,878 subjects and 12,177 incident breast cancer patients) were respectively included in our meta-analysis to assess the associations of serum triglyceride with prostate cancer and breast cancer risk. The pooled adjusted RR estimates for prostate cancer and breast cancer for the highest versus the lowest exposure levels of serum triglycerides were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.87-1.04) and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.87-1.00), respectively. Additionally, a dose-response analysis revealed that serum levels of triglycerides were not associated with the risk of prostate cancer and breast cancer. We found that serum triglyceride was not related to the risk of prostate cancer and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qun Ma
- a Department of Public Health , Qingdao University Medical College , Qingdao , China
| | - Lian-Hua Cui
- b The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Department of Oncology , Qingdao , Shandong , China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Li
- a Department of Public Health , Qingdao University Medical College , Qingdao , China
| | - Zhuang Yu
- b The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Department of Oncology , Qingdao , Shandong , China
| | - Jin-Mei Piao
- a Department of Public Health , Qingdao University Medical College , Qingdao , China
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30
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Liang Z, Xie B, Li J, Wang X, Wang S, Meng S, Ji A, Zhu Y, Xu X, Zheng X, Xie L. Hypertension and risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31358. [PMID: 27511796 PMCID: PMC4980763 DOI: 10.1038/srep31358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The previously reported association between hypertension and prostate cancer risk was controversial. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis of all available studies to summarize evidence on this association. Studies were identified by searching PubMed, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases through January 2016. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. A total of 21 published studies were included in this meta-analysis. A significant increase in the risk of prostate cancer (RR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.15, P = 0.014) was observed among individuals with hypertension. There was statistically significant heterogeneity among included studies (P < 0.001 for heterogeneity, I2 = 72.1%). No obvious evidence of significant publication bias was detected by either Begg’s test (P = 0.174) or Egger’s test (P = 0.277). In conclusion, this meta-analysis indicates that hypertension may be associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. Considering the substantial heterogeneity and residual confounding among included studies, further large-scale, well-designed prospective cohorts, as well as mechanistic studies, are urgently needed to confirm our preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Bo Xie
- Department of Urology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Jiangfeng Li
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shuai Meng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Alin Ji
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiangyi Zheng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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31
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De Nunzio C, Simone G, Brassetti A, Mastroianni R, Collura D, Muto G, Gallucci M, Tubaro A. Metabolic syndrome is associated with advanced prostate cancer in patients treated with radical retropubic prostatectomy: results from a multicentre prospective study. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:407. [PMID: 27386844 PMCID: PMC4936238 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common non-skin cancer in USA and the second leading cause of cancer death in Western Countries. Despite the high mortality associated with PCa, the only established risk factors are age, race and family history. A possible association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and PCa was firstly described in 2004 and several subsequent studies in biopsy cohorts have shown conflicting results. Aim of our multicentre prospective study was to investigate the association between MetS and PCa in men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods From January 2012 to June 2015, 349 consecutive men undergoing RP for PCa at three centres in Italy were enrolled into a prospective database. Body Mass Index (BMI) as well as waist circumference was measured before RP. Blood samples were also collected and tested for total PSA, fasting glucose, triglycerides and HDLs. Blood pressure was also recorded. We evaluated the association between MetS, defined according to Adult Treatment Panel III, PCa stage (advanced stage defined as pT ≥ 3 or N1) and grade (high grade defined as Gleason Score ≥ 4 + 3) using logistic regression analyses. Results Median age and preoperative PSA levels were 66 years (IQR: 61-69) and 7 ng/ml (IQR: 5-10), respectively. Median BMI was 26.12 kg/m2 (IQR 24-29) with 56 (16 %) obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) patients and 87 (25 %) patients with MetS. At pathological evaluation, advanced PCa and high-grade disease were present in 126 (36 %) and 145 (41.5 %) patients, respectively. MetS was significantly associated with advanced PCa (45/87, 51 % vs 81/262, 31 %; p = 0.008) and high-grade disease (47/87, 54 % vs 98/262, 37 %; p = 0.001). On multivariable analysis, MetS was an independent predictor of pathological stage ≥ pT3a or N1 (OR: 2.227; CI: 1.273-3.893; p = 0.005) and Gleason score ≥ 4 + 3 (OR: 2.007, CI: 1.175-3.428; p = 0.011). Conclusions We firstly demonstrated in a European radical retropubic prostatectomy cohort study that MetS is associated with an increased risk of high-grade and advanced prostate cancer. Further studies with long term follow-up should evaluate the impact of Mets on PCa survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo De Nunzio
- Department of Urology, "Sant'Andrea" Hospital, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Simone
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Urology, "San Giovanni Bosco" Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Aldo Brassetti
- Department of Urology, "Sant'Andrea" Hospital, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Devis Collura
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Urology, "San Giovanni Bosco" Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Muto
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Urology, "San Giovanni Bosco" Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Michele Gallucci
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Tubaro
- Department of Urology, "Sant'Andrea" Hospital, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
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32
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Zhang GM, Zhu Y, Dong DH, Han CT, Gu CY, Gu WJ, Qin XJ, Sun LJ, Ye DW. The association between metabolic syndrome and advanced prostate cancer in Chinese patients receiving radical prostatectomy. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:839-44. [PMID: 25652638 PMCID: PMC4577601 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.148138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is dramatically increasing. Considerable interest has been devoted to the relationship between MetS and prostate cancer (PCa) risk. However, few studies have examined the association between MetS and PCa progression. This retrospective study consisted of 1016 patients with PCa who received radical prostatectomy. The association between MetS and pathological features was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Compared with patients without MetS, those with MetS indicated an increased risk of prostatectomy Gleason score (GS) ≥8 (odds ratio [OR] =1.670, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.096–2.545, P= 0.017), and a 1.5-fold increased risk of pT3–4 disease (OR = 1.583, 95% CI 1.106–2.266, P= 0.012). The presence of MetS was an independent predictor of lymph node involvement (OR = 1.751, 95% CI 1.038–2.955, P= 0.036). Furthermore, as the number of MetS components accumulated, the risk of a GS ≥ 8 increased. The present study indicates a significant association between MetS and advanced PCa. The results need to be evaluated in large-scale prospective cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li-Jiang Sun
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ding-Wei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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33
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Bhindi B, Fleshner NE. Author Reply. Urology 2016; 93:85. [PMID: 27113493 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bimal Bhindi
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neil E Fleshner
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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34
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Bhindi B, Xie WY, Kulkarni GS, Hamilton RJ, Nesbitt M, Finelli A, Zlotta AR, Evans A, van der Kwast TH, Alibhai SMH, Trachtenberg J, Fleshner NE. Influence of Metabolic Syndrome on Prostate Cancer Stage, Grade, and Overall Recurrence Risk in Men Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy. Urology 2016; 93:77-85. [PMID: 27015944 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased risk of finding prostate cancer overall and high-grade disease on biopsy. This study sought to determine if MetS is associated with adverse final pathology and risk of overall recurrence in men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS Men undergoing RP (2004-2013) were identified using our prospectively maintained institutional database. MetS was defined by ≥3 of 5 components (obesity, dysglycemia, hypertension, low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and high triglycerides). Multivariable logistic regression models were created for prostate cancer grade and stage on final pathology. Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to model overall recurrence, defined by biochemical recurrence (postoperative serum prostate-specific antigen ≥0.2 ng/mL) or use of salvage therapies. RESULTS Of 1939 men, 439 (22.6%) had MetS. MetS (≥3 vs. 0 components) was associated with an increased odds of Gleason 8-10 disease (odds ratio [OR] = 2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32-4.67, P = .005) and extraprostatic disease (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.02-1.80, P = .04). Decreased use of nerve-sparing in men with MetS was noted. In unadjusted analyses, MetS was associated with a significantly increased risk of receiving salvage therapy (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.04-1.83, P = .03) and a near-significant increased overall recurrence risk (HR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.94-1.53, P = .15). These associations were attenuated upon adjusting for disease-specific parameters (salvage therapy: HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.76-1.40, P = .87; overall recurrence: HR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.72-1.21, P = .62). CONCLUSION MetS is associated with an increased odds of extraprostatic and high-grade disease on final RP pathology, which appears to drive an increased risk of needing salvage therapy after RP. However, with more aggressive resection, differences in failure-free outcomes were attenuated, suggesting that men with MetS should not be precluded from RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimal Bhindi
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Wen Y Xie
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Girish S Kulkarni
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert J Hamilton
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Nesbitt
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Antonio Finelli
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandre R Zlotta
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Evans
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Shabbir M H Alibhai
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Trachtenberg
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neil E Fleshner
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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35
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Aoun F, Chemaly AK, Albisinni S, Zanaty M, Roumeguere T. In Search for a Common Pathway for Health Issues in Men - the Sign of a Holmesian Deduction. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:1-13. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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36
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Effects of Smoking, Alcohol, and Exercise on Prostate Cancer. Prostate Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800077-9.00021-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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37
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Mosca A, Volpe A, BeldÌ D, Bozzola C, Palma R, Rubinelli S, Pagano L, D’Avanzo F, Stratica F, Alabiso O, Terrone C. Prostate cancer and androgen deprivation therapy: Metabolic, cardiovascular and psychological side effects. ACTA MEDICA INTERNATIONAL 2016. [DOI: 10.5530/ami.2016.2.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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38
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Shin J, Kim MH, Yoon KH, Kang MI, Cha BY, Lim DJ. Relationship between metabolic syndrome and thyroid nodules in healthy Koreans. Korean J Intern Med 2016; 31:98-105. [PMID: 26767863 PMCID: PMC4712440 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2016.31.1.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study evaluated the relationship between thyroid nodules and metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components in apparently healthy Koreans. METHODS We reviewed the records of 3,298 subjects with no noticeable symptoms who underwent thyroid ultrasound imaging as part of a routine check-up between July 2009 and June 2010; of these, 1,308 were excluded based upon predefined criteria. Among the remaining 1,990 patients, we examined the association between MS and its components and the incidence of thyroid nodules. RESULTS Of the 1,990 subjects included in this study, 38.4% (n = 764) had thyroid nodules and 12.7% (n = 253) had MS. Female sex, older age, higher body mass index, larger waist circumference, higher glycated hemoglobin level, lower thyroid stimulating hormone level, and presence of MS were all closely related with the presence of thyroid nodules (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, the relevant number of MS components showed a positive linear correlation with the occurrence of thyroid nodules (p < 0.001). Evidence of MS alone was not independently associated with thyroid nodules after adjusting for sex and age in a multivariate binary logistic regression analysis; however, glycated hemoglobin for females and waist circumference for males, as well as both age and thyroid stimulating hormone for all patients, were identified as independent predictors for the existence of thyroid nodules (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests a positive relationship between the components of MS and thyroid nodules in an ostensibly healthy Korean population. Our data support the idea that the recent increase in thyroid nodules is partly due to increases in both MS and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoung Shin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Hee Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moo-Il Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Yun Cha
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Dong-Jun Lim, M.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea Tel: +82-2-2258-6009 Fax: +82-2-599-3589 E-mail:
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Zhang G, Zhu Y, Liu F, Gu C, Chen H, Xu J, Ye D. Genetic variants in insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 are associated with prostate cancer susceptibility in Eastern Chinese Han men. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 9:61-6. [PMID: 26730204 PMCID: PMC4694676 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s96294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence has indicated that insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) polymorphisms are associated with altered risk of prostate cancer (PCa). However, few studies have been conducted in Chinese population to validate this association. Materials and methods Herein, we examined the association between genetic variants in the IGFBP-3 gene and PCa risk in the Chinese Han population based on a genome-wide association study (1,417 cases and 1,008 controls), and replicated three genetic variants loci in an independent case-control study (1,755 cases and 1,523 controls) using Sequenom platform. Logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results We found that in the discovery stage, rs9691259 (OR =0.691, 95% CI: 0.587–0.814, P<0.001) and rs6950179 (OR =1.420, 95% CI: 1.201–1.677, P<0.001) were significantly associated with PCa risk, whereas rs2854744 showed a marginal association with PCa risk. In the replication stage, the association between rs9691259 and rs6950179 and PCa risk was not replicated, whereas rs2854744 conferred a significant association with PCa risk (OR =1.399, 95% CI: 1.010–1.937, P=0.043). After combining the two stages, we found that rs9691259, rs6950179, and rs2854744 were all significantly associated with PCa risk. Conclusion This study suggests that IGFBP-3 genetic variants are significantly associated with PCa risk in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Zhang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyuan Gu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Chen
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Center for Cancer Genomics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Liu L, Shi Y, Li T, Qin Q, Yin J, Pang S, Nie S, Wei S. Leisure time physical activity and cancer risk: evaluation of the WHO's recommendation based on 126 high-quality epidemiological studies. Br J Sports Med 2015; 50:372-8. [PMID: 26500336 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-094728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The WHO has concluded that physical activity reduces the risk of numerous diseases. However, few systemic reviews have been performed to assess the role of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) in lowering the risk of cancer in a dose-dependent manner and furthermore the suitability of recommendation of physical activity by the WHO. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to estimate cancer risk by LTPA in binary comparison and in a dose-dependent manner. MEDLINE and Web of Science were searched up to 30 December 2014 without language restrictions. Reference lists were reviewed for potential articles. RESULTS A total of 126 studies were recruited into the meta-analysis. Overall, the total cancer risk was reduced by 10% in people who undertook the most LTPA as compared with those who did the least. Dose-response meta-analysis indicated that the current WHO recommendation (equal to an average of 10 metabolic equivalents of energy hours per week) induced a 7% (95% CI 5% to 9%) cancer reduction. Moreover, the protective role of LTPA against cancer becomes saturated at 20 metabolic equivalents of energy hours per week, with a relative risk of 0.91 (95% CI 0.88 to 0.93). Subanalyses results based on cancer types showed that LTPA only exhibited significant protection against breast cancer and colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis indicates that the current WHO recommendation of physical activity can result in a 7% reduction in cancer risk, which is mainly attributed to its protective role against breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Furthermore, two-fold of current recommendation level is considered to give its saturated protection against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jieyun Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuo Pang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaofa Nie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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De Nunzio C, Truscelli G, Trucchi A, Petta S, Tubaro M, Gacci M, Gaudio C, Presicce F, Tubaro A. Metabolic abnormalities linked to an increased cardiovascular risk are associated with high-grade prostate cancer: a single biopsy cohort analysis. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2015; 19:35-9. [PMID: 26439746 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2015.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking, hypertension, abdominal obesity and metabolic abnormalities have been considered individual factors involved in prostate cancer (PCa) pathogenesis. All of these factors are used to define the individual cardiovascular risk (CVR). The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between CVR and PCa diagnosis and grade among a consecutive series of men undergoing prostate biopsy. METHODS From 2010 onwards, consecutive patients undergoing 12-core prostate biopsy were enrolled. Body mass index was measured before the biopsy. Blood samples were collected and tested for: PSA, fasting glucose, triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins. Blood pressure was also recorded. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III and CVR according to the European Association of Cardiologist Guidelines. We evaluated the association between CVR and PCa biopsy Gleason score using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Five hundred and eighty-four patients were enrolled. Four hundred and six patients (70%) presented a moderate/high CVR. Two hundred and thirty-seven (40.6%) patients had cancer on biopsy; 157 with moderate/high CVR and 80 with low/no CVR (P=0.11). Out of the 237 patients with PCa, 113 had a Gleason score 6 and 124 a Gleason score ⩾7. Out of them, 92/124 (75%) presented a moderate/high CVR (P=0.004). Moderate/high CVR was not associated with an increased risk of PCa (odds ratio (OR): 0.741, confidence interval (CI): 0.474-1.156; P=0.186) but with an increased risk of Gleason score ⩾7 (OR: 2.154, CI: 1.076-4.314; P=0.030). CONCLUSIONS In our study, a moderate/high CVR is associated with an increased risk of a high-grade Gleason score when PCa is diagnosed on biopsy. Although these results should be confirmed in multicentre studies, patients with moderate/high CVR should be carefully evaluated for PCa diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C De Nunzio
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Truscelli
- Department of Heart and Great Vessels 'A. Reale', Policlinico Umberto I, ' Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Trucchi
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Petta
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Tubaro
- ICCU, Cardiovascular Department, Ospedale San Filippo Neri, Rome, Italy
| | - M Gacci
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C Gaudio
- Department of Heart and Great Vessels 'A. Reale', Policlinico Umberto I, ' Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Presicce
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Tubaro
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Blanc-Lapierre A, Spence A, Karakiewicz PI, Aprikian A, Saad F, Parent MÉ. Metabolic syndrome and prostate cancer risk in a population-based case-control study in Montreal, Canada. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:913. [PMID: 26385727 PMCID: PMC4574395 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in prostate cancer risk is still debated. We investigated it in a large population-based case–control study. Methods Cases were 1937 men with incident prostate cancer, aged ≤75 years, diagnosed across French hospitals in the Montreal area between 2005 and 2009. Concurrently, 1995 population controls from the same residential area and age distribution were randomly selected from electoral list of French-speaking men. Detailed lifestyle and medical histories, and anthropometric measures, were collected during in-person interviews. Prevalence of MetS components (type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity) was estimated at 2 years before diagnosis for cases/ interview for controls, and at ages 20, 40, 50 and 60. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals for the association between MetS and prostate cancer risk. Results A history of MetS (≥3 components vs <3) was associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer (OR = 0.70 [0.60, 0.82]) after considering potential confounders. The negative association was particularly pronounced with a young age (≤40 years) at MetS onset (OR = 0.38 [0.16-0.89]), did not vary according to prostate cancer aggressiveness, and was only partly explained by the presence of type 2 diabetes. A risk decrease was observed with the number of MetS components, suggesting a synergistic interaction of the components. Discussion The observed negative association, consistent with results from other North American populations undergoing regular prostate cancer screening, underlines the importance of considering PSA-testing when studying the MetS-prostate cancer association. Conclusions Findings from this study are consistent with an inverse association between MetS and prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Blanc-Lapierre
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Institut national de la recherche scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, University of Quebec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Andrea Spence
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Institut national de la recherche scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, University of Quebec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Pierre I Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal Health Center, 1058, rue St-Denis, Montreal, QC, H2X 3 J4, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 1058, rue St-Denis, Montreal, QC, H2X 3 J4, Canada.
| | - Armen Aprikian
- Department of Surgery (Urology), McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada.
| | - Fred Saad
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 1058, rue St-Denis, Montreal, QC, H2X 3 J4, Canada.
| | - Marie-Élise Parent
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Institut national de la recherche scientifique-Institut Armand-Frappier, University of Quebec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada. .,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, 7101 Avenue du Parc, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Conteduca V, Caffo O, Derosa L, Veccia A, Petracci E, Chiuri VE, Santoni M, Santini D, Fratino L, Maines F, Testoni S, De Giorgi U. Metabolic syndrome in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with abiraterone. Prostate 2015; 75:1329-38. [PMID: 25982919 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MS) has not yet been studied in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) men treated with novel hormonal therapies. The study aims to assess the impact of MS on outcome from time starting abiraterone. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated a consecutive series of metastatic CRPC patients treated with abiraterone after docetaxel failure. MS, as defined by modified Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria, was assessed at the time of initiation of abiraterone, during treatment and follow-up. RESULTS Sixty-seven of 178 patients evaluated (37.6%) met MS criteria at baseline, before abiraterone initiation, whereas for 11 (9.9%) without MS before treatment with abiraterone this occurred during treatment. Median PFS was equal to 4.7 months for patients with MS versus 9 months for those without MS. Patients with MS had an increased risk of 71% of progression or death for all causes than patients without MS (HR = 1.7, 95% CI [1.2-2.4], P = 0.03). Median OS was 14.7 months and 22.3 months in patients with and without MS, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, MS resulted not significantly associated to OS (HR = 1.42, 95% CI [0.91-2.22], P = 0.073). CONCLUSIONS The presence of MS is a significant risk factor for shorter PFS in CRPC patients treated with abiraterone, even if it does not show a significant impact on OS. A prospective evaluation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Conteduca
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Orazio Caffo
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Lisa Derosa
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonello Veccia
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Petracci
- Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Santoni
- Medical Oncology Department, AOU Ospedali Riuniti, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniele Santini
- Medical Oncology Department, Campus Bio-Medico, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Fratino
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Francesca Maines
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Sara Testoni
- Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
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Samper Ots PM, Muñoz García JL, Ríos Kavadoy Y, Couselo Paniagua ML, Villafranca Iturre E, Rodríguez Liñán M, Pérez Casas AM, Soria RM, Martínez BL, Torrecilla JL, Giner MC, Laborda AZ, García-Salazar MMM. SIMBOSPROST: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis in prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy: A multicentre, cross-sectional study. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2015; 20:370-6. [PMID: 26549995 PMCID: PMC4597092 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and osteoporosis in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) treated with radical radiotherapy (RT) with or without androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). BACKGROUND Worldwide, the prevalence of MetS is estimated to range from 20% to 25% of the adult population. However, prevalence rates are much higher in PCa patients (pts) who undergo ADT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multicentre cross-sectional study of 270 pts in Spain with PCa. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the duration of ADT (6, 12-18, ≥24 months) and compared to a control group without ADT. MetS was defined according to NCEP ATP III criteria. Osteoporosis was assessed by DEXA. RESULTS A total of 270 pts, treated from November 2011 to October 2012, were included. Of these, 122 pts (47%) fulfilled the criteria for MetS. The median age of this group was significantly higher (71.3 vs. 69.38 years, p = 0.028). MetS prevalence was 50% in the control group. In pts who received ADT, prevalence was 44.8% after 6 months of ADT, 45.3% after 12-18 months, and 50% after ≥24 months (pns). Most pts (168/270; 62%) underwent DEXA. Of those tested, 78 (46.4%) had osteopenia and only 11 (6.5%) had osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of MetS in pts with PCa treated with radical RT was higher (47%) than in the general population. However, there were no significant differences in the duration of ADT administration. The prevalence of osteoporosis was low. These findings suggest that the prevalence of MetS in PCa patients may be higher than previously reported.
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Ni J, Zhu T, Zhao L, Che F, Chen Y, Shou H, Yu A. Metabolic syndrome is an independent prognostic factor for endometrial adenocarcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2015; 17:835-9. [PMID: 26260911 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-015-1309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and the prognosis of patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma. METHODS A total of 385 patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma in the Department of Gynecologic Oncology, at the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital in China, between January 2001 and December 2008 were chosen. The deadline for the completion of follow-up was December 2013. The overall survival (OS) of the patients with MS was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Various clinical characteristics (e.g., clinical and surgical stage, vascular invasion, histological grade, tumor size, age at start of the first treatment, and lymphatic metastasis) related to the prognosis of endometrial adenocarcinoma were also evaluated. RESULTS A univariate analysis demonstrated that the OS rate of the patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma with MS was significantly worse than that of the patients without MS for all 385 patients (P = 0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses showed that stage (P = 0.001), lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.021), and MS (P = 0.049) were independent prognostic factors for endometrial adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, statistical analyses demonstrated that MS was closely related to stage (P = 0.021), grade (P = 0.022), vascular invasion (P = 0.044), tumor size (P = 0.035), and lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.014) but not with age at start of the first treatment (P = 0.188). Finally, according to the univariate analysis of the OS rate of 129 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma with MS, stage (P = 0.001), vascular invasion (P = 0.049), tumor size >2 cm (P = 0.028), lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.002), and CA19-9 value >37 U/m (P = 0.002) all showed significantly low P values for OS. CONCLUSION Metabolic syndrome is an independent prognostic factor for endometrial adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ni
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guangji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - T Zhu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guangji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - L Zhao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guangji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - F Che
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guangji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guangji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - H Shou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guangji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China.
| | - A Yu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guangji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China.
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Hrafnkelsdóttir SM, Torfadóttir JE, Aspelund T, Magnusson KT, Tryggvadóttir L, Gudnason V, Mucci LA, Stampfer M, Valdimarsdóttir UA. Physical Activity from Early Adulthood and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A 24-Year Follow-Up Study among Icelandic Men. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:905-11. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Few previous studies of metabolic aberrations and prostate cancer risk have taken into account the fact that men with metabolic aberrations have an increased risk of death from causes other than prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to calculate, in a real-life scenario, the risk of prostate cancer diagnosis, prostate cancer death, and death from other causes. Methods: In the Metabolic Syndrome and Cancer Project, prospective data on body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides were collected from 285,040 men. Risks of prostate cancer diagnosis, prostate cancer death, and death from other causes were calculated by use of competing risk analysis for men with normal (bottom 84%) and high (top 16%) levels of each factor, and a composite score. Results: During a mean follow-up period of 12 years, 5,893 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer, 1,013 died of prostate cancer, and 26,328 died of other causes. After 1996, when prostate-specific antigen testing was introduced, men up to age 80 years with normal metabolic levels had 13% risk of prostate cancer, 2% risk of prostate cancer death, and 30% risk of death from other causes, whereas men with metabolic aberrations had corresponding risks of 11%, 2%, and 44%. Conclusions: In contrast to recent studies using conventional survival analysis, in a real-world scenario taking risk of competing events into account, men with metabolic aberrations had lower risk of prostate cancer diagnosis, similar risk of prostate cancer death, and substantially higher risk of death from other causes compared with men who had normal metabolic levels.
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Metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia and prostate cancer recurrence after primary surgery or radiation in a veterans cohort. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2015; 18:190-5. [DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2015.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Oxidatively induced DNA damage and its repair in cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2014; 763:212-45. [PMID: 25795122 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidatively induced DNA damage is caused in living organisms by endogenous and exogenous reactive species. DNA lesions resulting from this type of damage are mutagenic and cytotoxic and, if not repaired, can cause genetic instability that may lead to disease processes including carcinogenesis. Living organisms possess DNA repair mechanisms that include a variety of pathways to repair multiple DNA lesions. Mutations and polymorphisms also occur in DNA repair genes adversely affecting DNA repair systems. Cancer tissues overexpress DNA repair proteins and thus develop greater DNA repair capacity than normal tissues. Increased DNA repair in tumors that removes DNA lesions before they become toxic is a major mechanism for development of resistance to therapy, affecting patient survival. Accumulated evidence suggests that DNA repair capacity may be a predictive biomarker for patient response to therapy. Thus, knowledge of DNA protein expressions in normal and cancerous tissues may help predict and guide development of treatments and yield the best therapeutic response. DNA repair proteins constitute targets for inhibitors to overcome the resistance of tumors to therapy. Inhibitors of DNA repair for combination therapy or as single agents for monotherapy may help selectively kill tumors, potentially leading to personalized therapy. Numerous inhibitors have been developed and are being tested in clinical trials. The efficacy of some inhibitors in therapy has been demonstrated in patients. Further development of inhibitors of DNA repair proteins is globally underway to help eradicate cancer.
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Strine AC, Rice KR, Masterson TA. Metabolic syndrome in the development and progression of prostate cancer. World J Clin Urol 2014; 3:168-183. [DOI: 10.5410/wjcu.v3.i3.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common noncutaneous malignancy and second leading cause of cancer-specific mortality for men in the United States. There is a wide spectrum of aggressiveness ranging from biologically significant to indolent disease, which has led to an interest in the identification of risk factors for its development and progression. Emerging evidence has suggested an association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and PCa. MetS represents a cluster of metabolic derangements that confer an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its individual components include obesity, dyslipidemias, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose levels. MetS has become pervasive and is currently associated with a high socioeconomic cost in both industrialized and developing countries throughout the world. The relationship between MetS and PCa is complex and yet to be fully defined. A better understanding of this relationship will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic targets for the prevention of PCa and improvement of outcomes among diagnosed men in the future. In this review, we evaluate the current evidence on the role of MetS in the development and progression of PCa. We also discuss the clinical implications on the management of PCa and consider the future direction of this subject.
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