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World J Clin Pediatr. Jun 9, 2024; 13(2): 91587
Published online Jun 9, 2024. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v13.i2.91587
Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: Exploring the disease heterogeneity and research gaps to optimum management
Subhodip Pramanik, Sunetra Mondal, Rajan Palui, Sayantan Ray
Subhodip Pramanik, Department of Endocrinology, Neotia Getwel Multi-specialty hospital, Siliguri 734010, West Bengal, India
Sunetra Mondal, Department of Endocrinology, NRS Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata 700014, West Bengal, India
Rajan Palui, Department of Endocrinology, The Mission Hospital, Durgapur 713212, West Bengal, India
Sayantan Ray, Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar 751019, Odisha, India
Author contributions: Pramanik S performed the literature search, wrote the first draft, and provided intellectual input; Mondal S and Palui R conceptualized the work, performed a literature search, supervised the writing, provided intellectual input, and critically revised the manuscript; Ray S supervised the literature search and writing, provided intellectual input, and critically revised the manuscript; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Sayantan Ray, MBBS, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar 751019, Odisha, India. sayantan.ray30@gmail.com
Received: December 31, 2023
Revised: April 7, 2024
Accepted: April 18, 2024
Published online: June 9, 2024
Processing time: 159 Days and 8.1 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents have dramatically increased over the past 20 years. Accumulating evidence suggests that youth-onset T2DM presents unique characteristics, demographics, and disease progression compared to adult-onset T2DM. In addition, the available therapeutic options for children and adolescents with T2DM are inadequate. T2DM in children and adolescents is becoming a public health concern worldwide. Research programs should aim to overcome the challenges seen with clinical studies in this population to address the unmet need of optimal management of T2DM in children and adolescents.