Reference Citation Analysis: Find an Article, Find a Category, Find a Journal, Find a Scholar

For: Inoue R, Sakaue Y, Kawada Y, Tamaki R, Yasukawa Z, Ozeki M, Ueba S, Sawai C, Nonomura K, Tsukahara T, Naito Y. Dietary supplementation with partially hydrolyzed guar gum helps improve constipation and gut dysbiosis symptoms and behavioral irritability in children with autism spectrum disorder. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2019;64:217-223. [PMID: 31138955 PMCID: PMC6529696 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.18-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open

For:	Inoue R, Sakaue Y, Kawada Y, Tamaki R, Yasukawa Z, Ozeki M, Ueba S, Sawai C, Nonomura K, Tsukahara T, Naito Y. Dietary supplementation with partially hydrolyzed guar gum helps improve constipation and gut dysbiosis symptoms and behavioral irritability in children with autism spectrum disorder. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2019;64:217-223. [PMID: 31138955 PMCID: PMC6529696 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.18-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Ozler E, Sanlier N. Nutritional Approaches in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2025;14:61. [PMID: 40259156 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-025-00655-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2025] [Indexed: 04/23/2025]

Novau-Ferré N, Papandreou C, Rojo-Marticella M, Canals-Sans J, Bulló M. Gut microbiome differences in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder and effects of probiotic supplementation: A randomized controlled trial. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2025;161:105003. [PMID: 40184961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2025.105003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2025] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/07/2025]

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Emerging evidence suggests a significant role of gut microbiota on neurodevelopmental disorders, including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

AIMS

Our study aimed to compare gut microbiota composition between these disorders and evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation.

METHODS

We conducted a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 80 children aged 5-14 years (39 with ADHD, 41 with ASD). Baseline and post-intervention fecal samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify changes in gut microbiota composition.

RESULTS

We identified 22 taxa differentiating ADHD and ASD (AUC = 0.939), characterised by increased presence of Clostridia, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae in ADHD, and Bacteroides, Bacilli and Actinobacteria in ASD. These differences remained after accounting for potential confounders. ASD children receiving probiotics had significant increases in Chao 1, Fisher's alpha, and Shannon indices whereas no significant differences in α and β-diversity were found in ADHD. In ADHD, bacteria with potential adverse effects were under-represented. In ASD, the abundance of Eggerthellaceae, and other taxa associated with gastrointestinal problems and anxiety was decreased.

CONCLUSION

Variations in gut microbiota may influence responses in ADHD and ASD. Probiotic supplementation favorably altered gut microbiota composition, offering insights for future therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiome in neurodevelopmental disorders.

WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS

Recent research underscores the role of gut microbiota in ADHD and ASD, indicating that diet can significantly influence microbiota composition and potentially manage these neurodevelopmental disorders. This study reveals distinct differences in gut microbiota composition between children with ADHD and ASD and demonstrates that probiotic supplementation can modulate specific microbial genera in each disorder. These findings pave the way for the development of innovative microbiome-targeted therapies, offering a new avenue for the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding this relationship is crucial for designing future interventions.

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Moreno RJ, Ashwood P. An Update on Microbial Interventions in Autism Spectrum Disorder with Gastrointestinal Symptoms. Int J Mol Sci 2024;25:13078. [PMID: 39684788 PMCID: PMC11641496 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252313078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2024] [Revised: 11/24/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open

Nova L, Poínhos R, Teixeira B. Diet and special educational needs (SENs) among children and adolescents: a systematic review. Porto Biomed J 2024;9:276. [PMID: 39633961 PMCID: PMC11608746 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open

Mitchell LK, Heussler HS, Burgess CJ, Rehman A, Steinert RE, Davies PSW. Gastrointestinal, Behaviour and Anxiety Outcomes in Autistic Children Following an Open Label, Randomised Pilot Study of Synbiotics vs Synbiotics and Gut-Directed Hypnotherapy. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06588-9. [PMID: 39417900 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06588-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]

Rui W, Li X, Wang L, Tang X, Yang J. Potential Applications of Blautia wexlerae in the Regulation of Host Metabolism. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024;16:1866-1874. [PMID: 38703323 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]

Ihara E, Manabe N, Ohkubo H, Ogasawara N, Ogino H, Kakimoto K, Kanazawa M, Kawahara H, Kusano C, Kuribayashi S, Sawada A, Takagi T, Takano S, Tomita T, Noake T, Hojo M, Hokari R, Masaoka T, Machida T, Misawa N, Mishima Y, Yajima H, Yamamoto S, Yamawaki H, Abe T, Araki Y, Kasugai K, Kamiya T, Torii A, Nakajima A, Nakada K, Fukudo S, Fujiwara Y, Miwa H, Kataoka H, Nagahara A, Higuchi K. Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023. Digestion 2024;106:62-89. [PMID: 39159626 PMCID: PMC11825134 DOI: 10.1159/000540912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]

Abstract

The Japan Gastroenterological Association published the first version of its clinical guidelines for chronic constipation 2023. Based on the latest evidence, these guidelines describe the definition, classification, diagnostic criteria, diagnostic testing methods, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of chronic constipation. They include flowcharts for both diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation. In the treatment of chronic constipation, the first step involves differentiating between secondary forms, such as organic disease-associated constipation, systemic disease-associated constipation, and drug-induced constipation. The next step is to determine whether the chronic constipation stems from a motility disorder, a form of primary chronic constipation. For functional constipation and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, treatment should be initiated after evaluating symptoms like reduced bowel movement frequency type or defecation difficulty type. The first line of treatment includes the improvement of lifestyle habits and diet therapy. The first drugs to consider for oral treatment are osmotic laxatives. If these are ineffective, secretagogues and ileal bile acid transporter inhibitors are candidates. However, stimulant laxatives are exclusively designated for as-needed use. Probiotics, bulk-forming laxatives, prokinetics, and Kampo medicines, for which there is insufficient evidence, are considered alternative or complementary therapy. Providing the best clinical strategies for chronic constipation therapy in Japan, these clinical guidelines for chronic constipation 2023 should prove useful for its treatment worldwide. The Japan Gastroenterological Association published the first version of its clinical guidelines for chronic constipation 2023. Based on the latest evidence, these guidelines describe the definition, classification, diagnostic criteria, diagnostic testing methods, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of chronic constipation. They include flowcharts for both diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation. In the treatment of chronic constipation, the first step involves differentiating between secondary forms, such as organic disease-associated constipation, systemic disease-associated constipation, and drug-induced constipation. The next step is to determine whether the chronic constipation stems from a motility disorder, a form of primary chronic constipation. For functional constipation and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, treatment should be initiated after evaluating symptoms like reduced bowel movement frequency type or defecation difficulty type. The first line of treatment includes the improvement of lifestyle habits and diet therapy. The first drugs to consider for oral treatment are osmotic laxatives. If these are ineffective, secretagogues and ileal bile acid transporter inhibitors are candidates. However, stimulant laxatives are exclusively designated for as-needed use. Probiotics, bulk-forming laxatives, prokinetics, and Kampo medicines, for which there is insufficient evidence, are considered alternative or complementary therapy. Providing the best clinical strategies for chronic constipation therapy in Japan, these clinical guidelines for chronic constipation 2023 should prove useful for its treatment worldwide.

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Affiliation(s)

Eikichi Ihara Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Noriaki Manabe Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Hidenori Ohkubo Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Naotaka Ogasawara Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Haruei Ogino Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Kazuki Kakimoto Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Motoyori Kanazawa Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Hidejiro Kawahara Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Chika Kusano Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Shiko Kuribayashi Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Akinari Sawada Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Tomohisa Takagi Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Shota Takano Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Toshihiko Tomita Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Toshihiro Noake Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Mariko Hojo Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Ryota Hokari Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Tatsuhiro Masaoka Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Tomohiko Machida Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Noboru Misawa Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Yoshiyuki Mishima Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Hiroshi Yajima Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Sayuri Yamamoto Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Hiroshi Yamawaki Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Tatsuya Abe Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Yasumi Araki Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Kunio Kasugai Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Takeshi Kamiya Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Akira Torii Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Atsushi Nakajima Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Koji Nakada Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Shin Fukudo Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Yasuhiro Fujiwara Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Hiroto Miwa Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Hiromi Kataoka Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Akihito Nagahara Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
Kazuhide Higuchi Guidelines Committee for Creating and Evaluating the “Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines for Chronic Constipation 2023, The Japanese Gastroenterological Association, Bunkyo-ku, Japan

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Prince N, Peralta Marzal LN, Markidi A, Ahmed S, Adolfs Y, Pasterkamp RJ, Kumar H, Roeselers G, Garssen J, Kraneveld AD, Perez-Pardo P. Prebiotic diet normalizes aberrant immune and behavioral phenotypes in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024;45:1591-1603. [PMID: 38589690 PMCID: PMC11272935 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a cluster of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in communication and behavior. Increasing evidence suggests that the microbiota-gut-brain axis and the likely related immune imbalance may play a role in the development of this disorder. Gastrointestinal deficits and gut microbiota dysfunction have been linked to the development or severity of autistic behavior. Therefore, treatments that focus on specific diets may improve gastrointestinal function and aberrant behavior in individuals with ASD. In this study, we investigated whether a diet containing specific prebiotic fibers, namely, 3% galacto-oligosaccharide/fructo-oligosaccharide (GOS/FOS; 9:1), can mitigate the adverse effects of in utero exposure to valproic acid (VPA) in mice. Pregnant BALB/cByJ dams were injected with VPA (600 mg/kg, sc.) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) on gestational day 11 (G11). Male offspring were divided into four groups: (1) in utero PBS-exposed with a control diet, (2) in utero PBS-exposed with GOS/FOS diet, (3) in utero VPA-exposed with a control diet, and (4) in utero VPA-exposed with GOS/FOS diet. Dietary intervention started from birth and continued throughout the duration of the experiment. We showed that the prebiotic diet normalized VPA-induced alterations in male offspring, including restoration of key microbial taxa, intestinal permeability, peripheral immune homeostasis, reduction of neuroinflammation in the cerebellum, and impairments in social behavior and cognition in mice. Overall, our research provides valuable insights into the gut-brain axis involvement in ASD development. In addition, dietary interventions might correct the disbalance in gut microbiota and immune responses and, ultimately, might improve detrimental behavioral outcomes in ASD.

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Affiliation(s)

Naika Prince Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Lucia N Peralta Marzal Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Anastasia Markidi Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Sabbir Ahmed Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Youri Adolfs Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
R Jeroen Pasterkamp Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Himanshu Kumar Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Guus Roeselers Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Johan Garssen Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Aletta D Kraneveld Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, VU university, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Paula Perez-Pardo Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

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Hung LY, Margolis KG. Autism spectrum disorders and the gastrointestinal tract: insights into mechanisms and clinical relevance. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024;21:142-163. [PMID: 38114585 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]

Gonçalves CL, Doifode T, Rezende VL, Costa MA, Rhoads JM, Soutullo CA. The many faces of microbiota-gut-brain axis in autism spectrum disorder. Life Sci 2024;337:122357. [PMID: 38123016 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]

Todhunter-Brown A, Booth L, Campbell P, Cheer B, Cowie J, Elders A, Hagen S, Jankulak K, Mason H, Millington C, Ogden M, Paterson C, Richardson D, Smith D, Sutcliffe J, Thomson K, Torrens C, McClurg D. Strategies used for childhood chronic functional constipation: the SUCCESS evidence synthesis. Health Technol Assess 2024;28:1-266. [PMID: 38343084 PMCID: PMC11017632 DOI: 10.3310/pltr9622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open

Abstract

Background

Up to 30% of children have constipation at some stage in their life. Although often short-lived, in one-third of children it progresses to chronic functional constipation, potentially with overflow incontinence. Optimal management strategies remain unclear.

Objective

To determine the most effective interventions, and combinations and sequences of interventions, for childhood chronic functional constipation, and understand how they can best be implemented.

Methods

Key stakeholders, comprising two parents of children with chronic functional constipation, two adults who experienced childhood chronic functional constipation and four health professional/continence experts, contributed throughout the research. We conducted pragmatic mixed-method reviews. For all reviews, included studies focused on any interventions/strategies, delivered in any setting, to improve any outcomes in children (0-18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of chronic functional constipation (excluding studies of diagnosis/assessment) included. Dual reviewers applied inclusion criteria and assessed risk of bias. One reviewer extracted data, checked by a second reviewer. Scoping review: We systematically searched electronic databases (including Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Excerpta Medica Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) (January 2011 to March 2020) and grey literature, including studies (any design) reporting any intervention/strategy. Data were coded, tabulated and mapped. Research quality was not evaluated. Systematic reviews of the evidence of effectiveness: For each different intervention, we included existing systematic reviews judged to be low risk of bias (using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Systematic Reviews), updating any meta-analyses with new randomised controlled trials. Where there was no existing low risk of bias systematic reviews, we included randomised controlled trials and other primary studies. The risk of bias was judged using design-specific tools. Evidence was synthesised narratively, and a process of considered judgement was used to judge certainty in the evidence as high, moderate, low, very low or insufficient evidence. Economic synthesis: Included studies (any design, English-language) detailed intervention-related costs. Studies were categorised as cost-consequence, cost-effectiveness, cost-utility or cost-benefit, and reporting quality evaluated using the consensus health economic criteria checklist. Systematic review of implementation factors: Included studies reported data relating to implementation barriers or facilitators. Using a best-fit framework synthesis approach, factors were synthesised around the consolidated framework for implementation research domains.

Results

Stakeholders prioritised outcomes, developed a model which informed evidence synthesis and identified evidence gaps.

Scoping review

651 studies, including 190 randomised controlled trials and 236 primary studies, conservatively reported 48 interventions/intervention combinations.

Effectiveness systematic reviews

studies explored service delivery models (n = 15); interventions delivered by families/carers (n = 32), wider children's workforce (n = 21), continence teams (n = 31) and specialist consultant-led teams (n = 42); complementary therapies (n = 15); and psychosocial interventions (n = 4). One intervention (probiotics) had moderate-quality evidence; all others had low to very-low-quality evidence. Thirty-one studies reported evidence relating to cost or resource use; data were insufficient to support generalisable conclusions. One hundred and six studies described implementation barriers and facilitators.

Conclusions

Management of childhood chronic functional constipation is complex. The available evidence remains limited, with small, poorly conducted and reported studies. Many evidence gaps were identified. Treatment recommendations within current clinical guidelines remain largely unchanged, but there is a need for research to move away from considering effectiveness of single interventions. Clinical care and future studies must consider the individual characteristics of children.

Study registration

This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42019159008.

Funding

This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: 128470) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 28, No. 5. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.

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Affiliation(s)

Alex Todhunter-Brown Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (NMAHP) Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
Lorna Booth Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (NMAHP) Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
Pauline Campbell Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (NMAHP) Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
Brenda Cheer ERIC, The Children's Bowel and Bladder Charity, Bristol, UK
Julie Cowie Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (NMAHP) Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
Andrew Elders Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (NMAHP) Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
Suzanne Hagen Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (NMAHP) Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
Karen Jankulak PPI Representative, Glasgow, UK
Helen Mason Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
Clare Millington PPI Representative, Glasgow, UK
Margaret Ogden PPI Representative, Glasgow, UK
Charlotte Paterson Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (NMAHP) Research Unit, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
Davina Richardson Bladder and Bowel UK, Manchester, UK
Debs Smith PPI Representative, Glasgow, UK
Jonathan Sutcliffe Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Katie Thomson Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (NMAHP) Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK Department of Occupational Therapy, Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
Claire Torrens Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (NMAHP) Research Unit, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
Doreen McClurg Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions (NMAHP) Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK

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Guo R, Pang J, Zhao J, Xiao X, Li J, Li J, Wang W, Zhou S, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Chen H, Yuan T, Wu S, Liu Z. Unveiling the neuroprotective potential of dietary polysaccharides: a systematic review. Front Nutr 2023;10:1299117. [PMID: 38075226 PMCID: PMC10702503 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1299117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open

Affiliation(s)

Rui Guo Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
Jingxi Pang Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Junhe Zhao Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Xiao Xiao Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Jing Li Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Jingmeng Li Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Wenxiu Wang Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Shuang Zhou Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Yu Zhao Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Zilong Zhang Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Hongwang Chen Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Tian Yuan Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
Shan Wu National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China Research and Development Center, Xi'an Yinqiao Dairy Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
Zhigang Liu Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

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Okawa Y. The Impact of Nutritional Therapy on Gastrointestinal Motility in Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2023;11:2829. [PMID: 37957974 PMCID: PMC10647505 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open

Saxami G, Kerezoudi EN, Eliopoulos C, Arapoglou D, Kyriacou A. The Gut-Organ Axis within the Human Body: Gut Dysbiosis and the Role of Prebiotics. Life (Basel) 2023;13:2023. [PMID: 37895405 PMCID: PMC10608660 DOI: 10.3390/life13102023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open

Gomes de Oliveira LI, Clementino JR, Salgaço MK, de Oliveira SPA, Dos Santos Lima M, Mesa V, de Souza EL, Vinderola CG, Magnani M, Sivieri K. Revealing the beneficial effects of a dairy infant formula on the gut microbiota of early childhood children with autistic spectrum disorder using static and SHIME® fermentation models. Food Funct 2023;14:8964-8974. [PMID: 37724612 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01156a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]

Al-Beltagi M, Saeed NK, Bediwy AS, Elbeltagi R, Alhawamdeh R. Role of gastrointestinal health in managing children with autism spectrum disorder. World J Clin Pediatr 2023;12:171-196. [PMID: 37753490 PMCID: PMC10518744 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v12.i4.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open

Houghton CA. The Rationale for Sulforaphane Favourably Influencing Gut Homeostasis and Gut-Organ Dysfunction: A Clinician's Hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023;24:13448. [PMID: 37686253 PMCID: PMC10487861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open

Zarezadeh M, Mahmoudinezhad M, Hosseini B, Khorraminezhad L, Razaghi M, Alvandi E, Saedisomeolia A. Dietary pattern in autism increases the need for probiotic supplementation: A comprehensive narrative and systematic review on oxidative stress hypothesis. Clin Nutr 2023;42:1330-1358. [PMID: 37418842 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]

Minor G, Sentongo T, Heine RG, Zemrani B. Tolerability and safety of a semi-elemental enteral formula with partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) in tube-fed children aged 1-4 years: An open-label, single-arm study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023;55:392-399. [PMID: 37202073 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is a water-soluble fiber supporting digestive health with well-established safety and efficacy. This open-label, single-arm, multicenter trial aimed to assess the tolerability and safety of a semi-elemental enteral formula containing PHGG at 12 g/L in tube-fed young children.

METHODS

Children aged 1-4 years with stable conditions requiring tube feeding to provide ≥80% of their nutritional needs received the study formula for seven days. Tolerability, safety, adequacy of energy/protein intake, and weight change were assessed.

RESULTS

Of 24 children (mean age 33.5 months; 10 [41.7%] female), 23 (95.8%) commenced treatment and 18 (75%) completed the study. All children had underlying neuro-developmental disabilities, often in association with gastrointestinal comorbidities requiring treatment for constipation (70.8%) or gastroesophageal reflux (66.7%). The formula was well-tolerated by 19 (82.6%) subjects, while 4 (17.4%; 95% CI: 5%, 39%) subjects withdrew early from the study due to gastrointestinal intolerance. The mean (SD) percentage energy and protein intake across the 7-day period were 103.5% (24.7) and 139.5% [50], respectively. Weight remained stable over the 7-day period (p = 0.43). The study formula was associated with a shift towards softer and more frequent stools. Pre-existing constipation was generally well controlled, and 3/16 (18.7%) subjects ceased laxatives during the study. Adverse events were reported in 12 (52%) subjects and were deemed 'probably related' or 'related' to the formula in 3 (13%) subjects. Gastrointestinal adverse events appeared more common in fiber-naïve patients (p = 0.09).

CONCLUSION

The present study indicates that the study formula was safe and generally well tolerated in young tube-fed children.

CLINICALTRIALS

GOV IDENTIFIER

NCT04516213.

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Panwar D, Shubhashini A, Kapoor M. Complex alpha and beta mannan foraging by the human gut bacteria. Biotechnol Adv 2023;66:108166. [PMID: 37121556 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]

Butler MI, Bastiaanssen TFS, Long-Smith C, Morkl S, Berding K, Ritz NL, Strain C, Patangia D, Patel S, Stanton C, O'Mahony SM, Cryan JF, Clarke G, Dinan TG. The gut microbiome in social anxiety disorder: evidence of altered composition and function. Transl Psychiatry 2023;13:95. [PMID: 36941248 PMCID: PMC10027687 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open

Affiliation(s)

Mary I Butler Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Thomaz F S Bastiaanssen APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Caitriona Long-Smith APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Sabrina Morkl Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Kirsten Berding APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Nathaniel L Ritz APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Conall Strain APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Teagasc Food Research Programme, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co, Cork, T12 YN60, Ireland
Dhrati Patangia APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Teagasc Food Research Programme, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co, Cork, T12 YN60, Ireland
Shriram Patel APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Catherine Stanton APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Siobhain M O'Mahony APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
John F Cryan APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Gerard Clarke Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Timothy G Dinan Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

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Abe A, Morishima S, Kapoor MP, Inoue R, Tsukahara T, Naito Y, Ozeki M. Partially hydrolyzed guar gum is associated with improvement in gut health, sleep, and motivation among healthy subjects. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023;72:189-197. [PMID: 36936875 PMCID: PMC10017317 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open

In Vitro Fermentation of Edible Mushrooms: Effects on Faecal Microbiota Characteristics of Autistic and Neurotypical Children. Microorganisms 2023;11:microorganisms11020414. [PMID: 36838379 PMCID: PMC9959845 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open

Kon R, Ikarashi N, Onuma K, Yasukawa Z, Ozeki M, Sakai H, Kamei J. Effect of partially hydrolyzed guar gum on the expression of aquaporin-3 in the colon. Food Sci Nutr 2023;11:1127-1133. [PMID: 36789055 PMCID: PMC9922137 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open

Lu C, Rong J, Fu C, Wang W, Xu J, Ju XD. Overall Rebalancing of Gut Microbiota Is Key to Autism Intervention. Front Psychol 2022;13:862719. [PMID: 35712154 PMCID: PMC9196865 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.862719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open

Kim A, Zisman CR, Holingue C. Influences of the Immune System and Microbiome on the Etiology of ASD and GI Symptomology of Autistic Individuals. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2022;61:141-161. [PMID: 35711026 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]

Nogay NH, Nahikian-Nelms M. Effects of nutritional interventions in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: an overview based on a literature review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022;69:811-824. [PMID: 37885847 PMCID: PMC10599198 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2022.2036921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]

Prosperi M, Santocchi E, Guiducci L, Frinzi J, Morales MA, Tancredi R, Muratori F, Calderoni S. Interventions on Microbiota: Where Do We Stand on a Gut–Brain Link in Autism? A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022;14:nu14030462. [PMID: 35276821 PMCID: PMC8839651 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open

Turriziani L, Ricciardello A, Cucinotta F, Bellomo F, Turturo G, Boncoddo M, Mirabelli S, Scattoni ML, Rossi M, Persico AM. Gut mobilization improves behavioral symptoms and modulates urinary p-cresol in chronically constipated autistic children: A prospective study. Autism Res 2022;15:56-69. [PMID: 34813183 PMCID: PMC9299106 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]

Abstract

Chronic constipation is common among children with ASD and is associated with more severe hyperactivity, anxiety, irritability, and repetitive behaviors. Young autistic children with chronic constipation display higher urinary, and foecal concentrations of p-cresol, an aromatic compound produced by gut bacteria, known to negatively affect brain function. Acute p-cresol administration to BTBR mice enhances anxiety, hyperactivity and stereotypic behaviors, while blunting social interaction. This study was undertaken to prospectively assess the behavioral effects of gut mobilization in young autistic children with chronic constipation, and to verify their possible correlation with urinary p-cresol. To this aim, 21 chronically constipated autistic children 2-8 years old were evaluated before (T0), 1 month (T1), and 6 months (T2) after intestinal mobilization, recording Bristol stool scale scores, urinary p-cresol concentrations, and behavioral scores for social interaction deficits, stereotypic behaviors, anxiety, and hyperactivity. Gut mobilization yielded a progressive and highly significant decrease in all behavioral symptoms over the 6-month study period. Urinary p-cresol levels displayed variable trends not significantly correlated with changes in behavioral parameters, mainly increasing at T1 and decreasing at T2. These results support gut mobilization as a simple strategy to ameliorate ASD symptoms, as well as comorbid anxiety and hyperactivity, in chronically constipated children. Variation in p-cresol absorption seemingly provides limited contributions, if any, to these behavioral changes. Further research will be needed to address the relative role of reduced abdominal discomfort following mobilization, as compared to specific modifications in microbiome composition and in gut bacteria-derived neuroactive compounds.

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Bertuccioli A, Cardinali M, Biagi M, Moricoli S, Morganti I, Zonzini GB, Rigillo G. Nutraceuticals and Herbal Food Supplements for Weight Loss: Is There a Prebiotic Role in the Mechanism of Action? Microorganisms 2021;9:2427. [PMID: 34946029 PMCID: PMC8703584 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open

Effects of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum Supplementation on the Fecal Microbiotas of Piglets. Pathogens 2021;10:pathogens10111420. [PMID: 34832576 PMCID: PMC8619618 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open

Mitchell LK, Davies PSW. Pre- and probiotics in the management of children with autism and gut issues: a review of the current evidence. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021;76:913-921. [PMID: 34675402 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-01027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]

Sanlier N, Kocabas Ş. The effect of probiotic, prebiotic and gut microbiota on ASD: A review and future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021;63:2319-2330. [PMID: 34486891 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1973957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]

Davies C, Mishra D, Eshraghi RS, Mittal J, Sinha R, Bulut E, Mittal R, Eshraghi AA. Altering the gut microbiome to potentially modulate behavioral manifestations in autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021;128:549-557. [PMID: 34271306 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]

Shimada Y, Terasawa M, Okazaki F, Nakayama H, Zang L, Nishiura K, Matsuda K, Nishimura N. Rhamnan sulphate from green algae Monostroma nitidum improves constipation with gut microbiome alteration in double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Sci Rep 2021;11:13384. [PMID: 34226572 PMCID: PMC8257721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open

Tan Q, Orsso CE, Deehan EC, Kung JY, Tun HM, Wine E, Madsen KL, Zwaigenbaum L, Haqq AM. Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of behavioral symptoms of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review. Autism Res 2021;14:1820-1836. [PMID: 34173726 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]

Abstract

The emerging role of a microbiota-gut-brain axis in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests that modulating gut microbial composition may offer a tractable approach to addressing the lifelong challenges of ASD. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview and critically evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic, and fecal microbiota transplantation therapies for core and co-occurring behavioral symptoms in individuals with ASD. Comprehensive searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were performed from inception to March 5, 2020, and two update searches were completed on October 25, 2020, and April 22, 2021, respectively. A total of 4306 publications were identified, of which 14 articles met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers using a preconstructed form. Results of probiotic studies do not confirm the supposed beneficial effect of probiotics on ASD, whereas prebiotics and synbiotic combinations appear to be efficacious in selective behavioral symptoms. Evidence of the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in ASD is still scarce but supports further research. Overall, the current evidence base to suggest beneficial effects of these modalities in ASD is limited and inconclusive. More clinical trials are currently looking at the use of microbial-based therapies in ASD. With a robust double-blind randomized controlled protocol to investigate the efficacy, these trials should provide significant and definitive results. LAY SUMMARY: There is a link between altered gut bacteria and autism spectrum disorder. Some people believe that modulating bacterial composition in the gut may help reduce autism symptoms, but evidence from human studies suggesting beneficial effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and combination thereof as well as fecal transplants in autism spectrum disorder is limited and inconclusive. Current data should not encourage use of these modalities. Further clinical studies are needed.

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Maigoro AY, Lee S. Gut Microbiome-Based Analysis of Lipid A Biosynthesis in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An In Silico Evaluation. Nutrients 2021;13:nu13020688. [PMID: 33669978 PMCID: PMC7924848 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open

Tan H, Nie S. Functional hydrocolloids, gut microbiota and health: picking food additives for personalized nutrition. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021;45:6123724. [PMID: 33512498 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open

Zheng J, Hoffman KL, Chen JS, Shivappa N, Sood A, Browman GJ, Dirba DD, Hanash S, Wei P, Hebert JR, Petrosino JF, Schembre SM, Daniel CR. Dietary inflammatory potential in relation to the gut microbiome: results from a cross-sectional study. Br J Nutr 2020;124:931-942. [PMID: 32475373 PMCID: PMC7554089 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520001853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]

Abstract

Diet has direct and indirect effects on health through inflammation and the gut microbiome. We investigated total dietary inflammatory potential via the literature-derived index (Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®)) with gut microbiota diversity, composition and function. In cancer-free patient volunteers initially approached at colonoscopy and healthy volunteers recruited from the medical centre community, we assessed 16S ribosomal DNA in all subjects who provided dietary assessments and stool samples (n 101) and the gut metagenome in a subset of patients with residual fasting blood samples (n 34). Associations of energy-adjusted DII scores with microbial diversity and composition were examined using linear regression, permutational multivariate ANOVA and linear discriminant analysis. Spearman correlation was used to evaluate associations of species and pathways with DII and circulating inflammatory markers. Across DII levels, α- and β-diversity did not significantly differ; however, Ruminococcus torques, Eubacterium nodatum, Acidaminococcus intestini and Clostridium leptum were more abundant in the most pro-inflammatory diet group, while Akkermansia muciniphila was enriched in the most anti-inflammatory diet group. With adjustment for age and BMI, R. torques, E. nodatum and A. intestini remained significantly associated with a more pro-inflammatory diet. In the metagenomic and fasting blood subset, A. intestini was correlated with circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, a pro-inflammatory marker (rho = 0·40), but no associations remained significant upon correction for multiple testing. An index reflecting overall inflammatory potential of the diet was associated with specific microbes, but not overall diversity of the gut microbiome in our study. Findings from this preliminary study warrant further research in larger samples and prospective cohorts.

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Affiliation(s)

Jiali Zheng Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA
Kristi L Hoffman Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030, USA
Jiun-Sheng Chen Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA Quantitative Sciences Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA
Nitin Shivappa Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC29208, USA
Akhil Sood Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX77555, USA
Gladys J Browman Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA
Danika D Dirba Department of Behavioral Science, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA
Samir Hanash Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA
Peng Wei Quantitative Sciences Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA
James R Hebert Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC29208, USA
Joseph F Petrosino Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030, USA
Susan M Schembre Department of Behavioral Science, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ85721, USA
Carrie R Daniel Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA Quantitative Sciences Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston and MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030, USA

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Effects of gut microbial-based treatments on gut microbiota, behavioral symptoms, and gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review. Psychiatry Res 2020;293:113471. [PMID: 33198044 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]

Ekstrand B, Scheers N, Rasmussen MK, Young JF, Ross AB, Landberg R. Brain foods - the role of diet in brain performance and health. Nutr Rev 2020;79:693-708. [PMID: 32989449 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open

Martínez-González AE, Andreo-Martínez P. Prebiotics, probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation in autism: A systematic review. REVISTA DE PSIQUIATRIA Y SALUD MENTAL 2020;13:150-164. [PMID: 32684346 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]

Komiya S, Naito Y, Okada H, Matsuo Y, Hirota K, Takagi T, Mizushima K, Inoue R, Abe A, Morimoto Y. Characterizing the gut microbiota in females with infertility and preliminary results of a water-soluble dietary fiber intervention study. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020;67:105-111. [PMID: 32801476 PMCID: PMC7417798 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Abstract

Despite the advances in assisted reproductive technology, approximately 8-12% of the individuals worldwide who are willing to conceive are unable to do so. Fertility depends on a receptive state of the endometrium and hormonal adaptations as well as the immune system. Local and systemic immunities are greatly influenced by the microbiota. The aim of the present study was to compare the gut microbiota in female patients with that in infertility with fertile control subjects and to evaluate the effect of prebiotic partially hydrolyzed guar gum supplementation on gut dysbiosis and the outcome of pregnancy in patients treated with assisted reproductive technology. Dietary fiber can reconstitute the host intestinal microbiota and modify the immune function; however, clinical data regarding the effect of dietary fiber treatment on the success of assisted reproductive technology is lacking. To investigate the gut microbiota in fertile and infertile females, we conducted 16S metagenomic analysis of fecal samples. In total 18 fertile female subjects and 18 patients with infertility matched by age were recruited, and fecal samples were obtained to analyze the gut microbiome using 16S rRNA V3-V4 sequencing. The unweighted and weighted principal coordinate analyses showed a trend indicating microbial structural differences in β-diversity between these two groups. The abundance of the phylum Verrucomicrobia was higher in patients with infertility. At the genus level, a decrease in the abundance of the genera Stenotrophomonas, Streptococcus, and Roseburia and an increase in the abundance of the genera Unclassified [Barnesiellaceae] and Phascolarctobacterium was observed in patients with infertility. Twelve patients agreed to receive the combined therapy comprising embryo transfer by assisted reproductive technology and oral supplementation with partially hydrolyzed guar gum. The success of pregnancy by this combined therapy was 58.3% (7/12), and the failure was 41.7% (5/12). Predictive factors for pregnancy before treatment were characterized by a decrease in the abundance of Paraprevotella and Blautia and an increase in the abundance of Bifidobacterium. Predictive factors for pregnancy before treatment were characterized by a decrease in the abundance of Paraprevotella and Blautia and an increase tendency in the abundance of Bifidobacterium. In conclusion, the present study showed differences in the abundance of gut microbiota between fertile and infertile groups; moreover, partially hydrolyzed guar gum supplementation helped improve gut dysbiosis and the success of pregnancy in females with infertility.

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Swanson KS, de Vos WM, Martens EC, Gilbert JA, Menon RS, Soto-Vaca A, Hautvast J, Meyer PD, Borewicz K, Vaughan EE, Slavin JL. Effect of fructans, prebiotics and fibres on the human gut microbiome assessed by 16S rRNA-based approaches: a review. Benef Microbes 2020;11:101-129. [PMID: 32073295 DOI: 10.3920/bm2019.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]

Abstract

The inherent and diverse capacity of dietary fibres, nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDOs) and prebiotics to modify the gut microbiota and markedly influence health status of the host has attracted rising interest. Research and collective initiatives to determine the composition and diversity of the human gut microbiota have increased over the past decade due to great advances in high-throughput technologies, particularly the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing. Here we reviewed the application of 16S rRNA-based molecular technologies, both community wide (sequencing and phylogenetic microarrays) and targeted methodologies (quantitative PCR, fluorescent in situ hybridisation) to study the effect of chicory inulin-type fructans, NDOs and specific added fibres, such as resistant starches, on the human intestinal microbiota. Overall, such technologies facilitated the monitoring of microbiota shifts due to prebiotic/fibre consumption, though there are limited community-wide sequencing studies so far. Molecular studies confirmed the selective bifidogenic effect of fructans and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) in human intervention studies. Fructans only occasionally decreased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes or stimulated other groups. The sequencing studies for various resistant starches, polydextrose and beta-glucan showed broader effects with more and different types of gut microbial species being enhanced, often including phylotypes of Ruminococcaceae. There was substantial variation in terms of magnitude of response and in individual responses to a specific fibre or NDO which may be due to numerous factors, such as initial presence and relative abundance of a microbial type, diet, genetics of the host, and intervention parameters, such as intervention duration and fibre dose. The field will clearly benefit from a more systematic approach that will support defining the impact of prebiotics and fibres on the gut microbiome, identify biomarkers that link gut microbes to health, and address the personalised response of an individual's microbiota to prebiotics and dietary fibres.

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Bjørklund G, Meguid NA, Dadar M, Pivina L, Kałużna-Czaplińska J, Jóźwik-Pruska J, Aaseth J, Chartrand MS, Waly MI, Al-Farsi Y, Rahman MM, Pen JJ, Chirumbolo S. Specialized Diet Therapies: Exploration for Improving Behavior in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Curr Med Chem 2020;27:6771-6786. [PMID: 32065085 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200217101908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]

Affiliation(s)

Geir Bjørklund Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Toften 24, 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway
Nagwa Abdel Meguid Department of Research on Children with Special Needs, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt,CONEM Egypt Child Brain Research Group, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Maryam Dadar Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Lyudmila Pivina Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan,CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
Joanna Kałużna-Czaplińska Department of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland,CONEM Poland Chemistry and Nutrition Research Group, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
Jagoda Jóźwik-Pruska Department of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland,CONEM Poland Chemistry and Nutrition Research Group, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
Jan Aaseth Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway,Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
Max Stanley Chartrand DigiCare Behavioral Research, Casa Grande, AZ, USA
Mostafa Ibrahim Waly Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman,Department of Nutrition, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Yahya Al-Farsi Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
Md Mostafizur Rahman Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Joeri Jan Pen Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium,Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
Salvatore Chirumbolo Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy,CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy

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Ried K, Travica N, Dorairaj R, Sali A. Herbal formula improves upper and lower gastrointestinal symptoms and gut health in Australian adults with digestive disorders. Nutr Res 2020;76:37-51. [PMID: 32151878 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]

Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) problems affect half of Western populations. Symptoms can vary from frequent reflux to irritable bowel syndrome. The Nutrition Care (NC) Gut Relief Formula contains a combination of herbs and nutrients including curcumin, Aloe vera, slippery elm, guar gum, pectin, peppermint oil, and glutamine shown to benefit the GI system. The 16-week pre-post study tested the hypothesis that the NC Gut Relief Formula would be tolerable and effective in improving GI symptoms and gut health in adults with digestive disorders. A total of 43 participants completed the study. After a control phase, participants took 5 g/d and then 10 g/d of the formula for 4 weeks. GI symptoms and GI health were assessed by a series of validated questionnaires, for example, Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire, Bristol Stool Chart, Birmingham IBS Symptom Questionnaire, and by intestinal permeability and gut microbiota profile. The NC Gut Relief Formula significantly improved the frequency and severity of upper and lower GI symptoms by 60%-80%, including indigestion, heartburn, nausea, constipation or diarrhea, abdominal pain, and troublesome flatulence, and significantly improved physical functioning, energy levels, mood, and sleep by 60%-80%. All participants with normal stool, 90% with hard stool, and 66% with soft stool recovered from intestinal permeability, evident by normal lactulose to mannitol ratios. The NC Gut Relief Formula generally improved microbial profile, with a marked increase in Lactobacillus, Clostridium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Almost half of the participants with upper GI symptoms taking proton pump inhibitors for heartburn no longer required proton pump inhibitors at the end of the study. A third of participants were able to reintroduce food triggers, such as fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols garlic, onion, and beans, or reflux-causing acidic/spicy foods, for example, citrus, tomato, and caffeine, in their diet after 3 months without symptom aggravation. The NC Gut Relief Formula significantly improved GI symptoms and associated quality of life over 3 months while reducing intestinal permeability, improving the microbial profile, reducing the need for reflux medication, and enabling the consumption of previous food triggers.

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Tamura M, Nakagawa H, Hori S, Suzuki T, Hirayama K. Plasma quercetin metabolites are affected by intestinal microbiota of human microbiota-associated mice fed with a quercetin-containing diet. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2019;65:232-239. [PMID: 31777425 PMCID: PMC6877407 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open

Yasukawa Z, Inoue R, Ozeki M, Okubo T, Takagi T, Honda A, Naito Y. Effect of Repeated Consumption of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum on Fecal Characteristics and Gut Microbiota: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, and Parallel-Group Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2019;11:E2170. [PMID: 31509971 PMCID: PMC6769658 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open