Published online Feb 20, 2015. doi: 10.5321/wjs.v4.i1.22
Peer-review started: July 6, 2014
First decision: September 16, 2014
Revised: December 11, 2014
Accepted: December 29, 2014
Article in press: December 31, 2014
Published online: February 20, 2015
Processing time: 225 Days and 2.4 Hours
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane receptor with tyrosine kinase activity, mediating actions of various growth factors including EGF, transforming growth factor-α, and neuregulins. Protein binding to ligand induces receptor modification, tyrosine autophosphorylation leading to cell signaling resulting in cellular proliferation. This receptor plays diverse roles in maintaining homeostasis and recent molecular advances identify that EGFR mutations are linked to several carcinomas. EGFR plays important roles in the development and maintenance of various oral structures, tooth development, eruption and morphogenesis. EGFR expression has also been studied in diverse oral pathologies like squamous cell carcinomas, potentially malignant lesions, lichen planus, salivary gland tumors and odontogenic cysts and tumours. The present review delves into the various general features of EGFR with an insight into its physiological and pathological role in the oral cavity. The clinical implications and upcoming role of EGFR inhibitors in the nonsurgical treatment of oral lesions has also been discussed.
Core tip: This review addresses the importance and need to understand epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) related pathogenesis in oral lesions and the possible effectiveness of anti-EGFR agents in treating these conditions.