Brief Article
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World J Stomatol. Feb 20, 2013; 2(1): 24-29
Published online Feb 20, 2013. doi: 10.5321/wjs.v2.i1.24
MMP-8 analysis in gingival crevicular fluid using ELISA and novel chair-side test
Ghousia Akbari, MLV Prabhuji, Bangalore Varadhan Karthikeyan, Sandip G Chorghade
Ghousia Akbari, Department of Periodontics, M.S. Ramaiah Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru 560054, India
MLV Prabhuji, Bangalore Varadhan Karthikeyan, Department of Periodontics, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru 562157, India
Sandip G Chorghade, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560054, India
Author contributions: All the authors have substantially contributed to the design of the study, acquisition of data and drafting and revising the article.
Correspondence to: Ghousia Akbari, MDS, Department of Periodontics, M.S. Ramaiah Dental College and Hospital, MSR Nagar, MSRIT post, Bengaluru 560054, India. drghousiaakbari@yahoo.com
Telephone: +91-87-92141535 Fax: +91-80-23601825
Received: November 3, 2012
Revised: January 8, 2013
Accepted: January 11, 2013
Published online: February 20, 2013
Processing time: 121 Days and 22.6 Hours
Abstract

AIM: To validate accuracy of a novel chair-side test for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 as compared to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in Periodontal health and disease.

METHODS: Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from 150 subjects, Group 1 (healthy) - 50 subjects, Group 2 (gingivitis) - 50 subjects and Group 3 (chronic periodontitis) - 50 subjects. A chair-side test strip was indigenously prepared using polyclonal antibodies (principle of immunochromatography) to detect the MMP-8 levels. The detection accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) of the MMP-8 levels by chair-side test kit were compared with ELISA at baseline and 3 mo after scaling and root planing among the study population.

RESULTS: The novel chair side test detected MMP-8 levels in accordance with ELISA which at baseline were higher in Group 2 and Group 3 as compared to controls (P < 0.05), and these enzyme levels decreased after therapy (P < 0.05). The chair-side test could differentiate healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis. The detection accuracy of the chair-side test strip were on par with ELISA (sensitivity 92.9% and specificity of 100%) which were statistically significant (P < 0.05). A desire to arouse interest about periodontal health and maintenance in the Indian population provided a strong rationale for us to develop our chair-side test strips to suit our economy. Moreover, this was the first ever effort to develop and validate a chair-side test strip to detect MMP-8 levels in the Indian population. This test can be used on a large scale in private dental practice for the early detection of disease, tapping the sites at risk for disease, alongside helps in patient education and motivation for maintenance.

CONCLUSION: This study shows that the novel chair side test kit detects MMP-8 levels a biomarker of periodontal disease progression accurately making it a good chair side diagnostic tool. Further, it is cost effective and time saving which can make it applicable in private dental practice on a large scale for the early detection of periodontal disease.

Keywords: Chair-side test; Chronic periodontitis; Gingival crevicular fluid; Matrix metalloproteinase-8; Periodontal health