Case Report
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World J Respirol. Mar 28, 2013; 3(1): 8-10
Published online Mar 28, 2013. doi: 10.5320/wjr.v3.i1.8
Successful management of life-threatening respiratory failure from H1N1 influenza
Nawwar Al-Attar, Lila Bouadma, Haitham Altaani, Michel Wolff, Patrick Nataf
Nawwar Al-Attar, Haitham Altaani, Patrick Nataf, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Bichat Hospital, 75018 Paris, France
Lila Bouadma, Michel Wolff, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Bichat Hospital, 75018 Paris, France
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to this work; Al-Attar N and Altaani H performed the ECMO procedure, collected and reviewed clinical information about the patient and wrote the report; Bouadma L and Wolff M were involved with daily care at the intensive care unit and assisted with report writing; Nataf P was consulted on management of the patient and assisted with report writing.
Correspondence to: Nawwar Al-Attar, PhD, Professor, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France. nawwar.al-attar@bch.aphp.fr
Telephone: +33-1402-57132 Fax: +33-1402-57229
Received: January 8, 2013
Revised: February 18, 2013
Accepted: March 9, 2013
Published online: March 28, 2013
Processing time: 151 Days and 5.1 Hours
Abstract

We report the outcome of a pregnant woman with a life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome from a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection 3 d postpartum successfully managed by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The patient was successfully weaned from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) on day 10. Novel H1N1 virus infection was identified by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Veno-arterial ECMO in this patient carried a number of specific advantages namely maintaining haemodynamic stability obviating the need for inotrope support and improving oxygenation compared to alternative approaches such as veno-venous ECMO and pumpless devices. Femoral arterial and venous cannulae were inserted in a pure percutaneous method allowing rapid establishment of extracorporeal circulation. Given the high mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome following novel H1N1 virus infection, we advocate the use of ECMO when conventional mechanical ventilation fails.

Keywords: Respiratory failure; Influenza A; Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; Pregnancy; Outcome

Core tip: Novel influenza A virus infection can result in acute respiratory distress syndrome extremely difficult to manage with conventional mechanical ventilation and non-invasive therapy. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation can provide respiratory and circulatory support in these patients. We successfully weaned a postpartum patient after 10 d of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Furthermore, by employing the pure percutaneous method of cannulae insertion, we minimized implantation time and trauma.