• drug-eluting beads
• hepatocellular carcinoma
• meta-analysis
• systematic review
• transarterial chemoembolization

• Drug-loaded microspheres
• Meta-analysis
• Transhepatic arterial chemoembolization
• Unresectable primary liver cancer

• Biomarkers
• Cancer screening
• Diagnostic imaging
• Early detection of cancer
• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• Imaging
• Magnetic resonance
• Sensitivity
• Specificity
• Surveillance
• Tumor
• Ultrasound

• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnostic imaging
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
• Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Humans
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
• Early Detection of Cancer/methods
• alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
• Ultrasonography/methods
• Sensitivity and Specificity

• Humans
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
• Liver Neoplasms/therapy
• Liver Neoplasms/pathology
• Liver Neoplasms/mortality
• Chemoembolization, Therapeutic
• Liver Transplantation
• Retrospective Studies
• Male
• Female
• Middle Aged
• Living Donors
• Particle Size
• Treatment Outcome
• Adult
• Neoplasm Staging
• Microspheres
• Aged

• Abscopal effect
• Cancer therapy
• Depot
• Drug delivery systems
• Implantable port
• Injectable hydrogel
• Intratumoral
• Local
• Microneedles
• Ommaya
• Scaffold
• TACE
• Wafer

• Humans
• Drug Delivery Systems/methods
• Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Injections

• Humans
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
• Liver Neoplasms
• Radiofrequency Ablation

• Humans
• Carcinoma
• Biliary Tract Neoplasms

• drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization
• hepatocellular carcinoma
• meta-analysis

• Humans
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
• Chemoembolization, Therapeutic
• Liver Neoplasms/therapy
• Vascular Surgical Procedures
• Databases, Factual

• MRI-guided SABR
• hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
• liver-directed therapies (LDTs)
• stereotactic MRI-guided on-table adaptive radiotherapy (SMART)
• stereotactic ablative body radiation (SABR)
• transarterial radioembolization (TARE)

• Drug-eluting microsphere
• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• Portal vein tumor thrombosis
• Transarterial chemoembolization

• Humans
• Portal Vein
• Retrospective Studies
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
• Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/adverse effects
• Liver Neoplasms/complications
• Liver Neoplasms/therapy
• Treatment Outcome
• Thrombosis

• 2018A030313700 Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province
• 2018A030313511 Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province
• 82072035 National Natural Science Foundation of China

• TACE
• drug-eluting beads
• hepatocellular carcinoma
• lipiodol
• outcome
• prognostic prediction
• propensity score analysis

• UL1 TR001863 NCATS NIH HHS

• AUC
• Appropriate Use Criteria
• Appropriateness Criteria
• Cholangiocarcinoma
• Hepatic malignancy
• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• Liver cancer
• Metastatic colorectal cancer
• Neuroendocrine tumor

• Humans
• Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Liver Neoplasms/therapy
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnostic imaging
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
• Chemoembolization, Therapeutic
• Brachytherapy
• Radiologists

• CCA
• HCC
• biliary tract cancer
• cancer
• cholangiocarcinoma
• hepatocellular carcinoma
• liver metastases
• loco-ablative therapy

• Caffeoylquinic acid
• Ethanol extract of Gynura procumbens stems
• Liver cancer
• Nanodiethylnitrosamine
• Non-caffeoylquinic acid
• Tumor microenvironment

• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
• Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
• Asteraceae/chemistry
• Diethylnitrosamine/toxicity
• Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
• Ethanol
• Inflammation/drug therapy
• Inflammation/metabolism
• Liver Neoplasms/chemically induced
• Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Male
• Mice
• Nanostructures
• Plant Extracts/chemistry
• Plant Extracts/pharmacology
• Random Allocation
• Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects

• hepatocellular carcinoma
• imaging
• microspheres
• nanoparticles
• therapy
• transarterial chemoembolization

• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
• Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/adverse effects
• Humans
• Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Microspheres
• Nanoparticles/therapeutic use
• Treatment Outcome

• P30 DK048522 NIDDK NIH HHS

• Bridging
• Devascularization
• Downstaging
• Liver neoplasms
• Survival

• chemotherapy
• hepatocellular carcinoma
• immune therapy
• molecular therapy

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and accounts for approximately 6% of all human cancers. In this study, we performed a systematic review and pooled analysis of the conventional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (C-TACE) compared to drug-eluting beads TACE (DEB-TACE) as two treatment options for patients with unresectable HCC. Treatment with DEB-TACE appears to be non-inferior compared to conventional C-TACE and associated with a better objective response and disease control with fewer severe complications and all-cause mortality. In light of these findings, research efforts should attempt to further characterize the efficacy and safety profile of DEB-TACE as a potential component of unresectable HCC management.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs in nearly three-quarters of all primary liver cancers, with the majority not amenable to curative therapies. We therefore aimed to re-evaluate the safety, efficacy, and survival benefits of treating patients with drug-eluting beads transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) compared to the conventional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (C-TACE). Several databases were searched with a strict eligibility criterion for studies reporting on adult patients with unresectable or recurrent HCC. The pooled analysis included 34 studies involving 4841 HCC patients with a median follow-up of 1.5 to 18 months. There were no significant differences between DEB-TACE and C-TACE with regard to complete response, partial response and disease stability. However, disease control (OR: 1.42 (95% CI (1.03,1.96) and objective response (OR: 1.33 (95% CI (0.99, 1.79) were significantly more effective for DEB-TACE treatment with fewer severe complications and all-cause mortality. The pooled-analysis did not find superiority of DEB-TACE in complete or partial response, disease stability, controlling disease progression, and 30 day or end-mortality. However, results showed that DEB-TACE is associated with a better objective response, disease control, and lower all-cause mortality with severe complications compared to C-TACE treatment. Given that the safety outcomes are based on limited studies with a potential for bias, there was no clear improvement of DEB-TACE over C-TACE treatment.

• drug-eluting beads
• hepatocellular carcinoma
• transarterial chemoembolization

• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• immunotherapy
• locoregional therapy
• radiofrequency ablation
• transarterial chemoembolization

• Apparent diffusion coefficient
• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
• Treatment response

• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnostic imaging
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
• Chemoembolization, Therapeutic
• Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
• Humans
• Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Liver Neoplasms/pathology
• Liver Neoplasms/therapy
• Treatment Outcome

• cone-beam computed tomography
• drug-eluting micro-spheres
• hepatocellular carcinoma
• immunotherapy
• transarterial chemoembolization

Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, is widely used in the clinic as an antacid for treating gastric hyperacidity, among other conditions. Chao et al have reported a clinical trial about targeting intratumor lactic acidosis–transarterial chemoembolization. Based on conventional transarterial chemoembolization, the authors added a 5% sodium bicarbonate solution to cytotoxic drugs, resulting in a high local control rate. The explanation for the antitumor effects of sodium bicarbonate is related to acidosis in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the findings from studies administering sodium bicarbonate alone or in combination with other anticancer therapies as cancer treatments, and discuss methods for safe and effective use of sodium bicarbonate in the clinic.

• TILA-TACE
• animal experiments
• review
• sodium bicarbonate
• tumor microenvironment

Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) is the most common treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the effect of drug loading concentration and microsphere size on treatment outcomes remains unclear. This retrospective study compares the outcomes of 87 HCC patients who underwent DEB-TACE with half-loaded or full-loaded doxorubicin (maximum capacity 50 mg/mL) in 75-µm or 100-µm microspheres. Treatment with 100-μm microspheres resulted in significantly lower rates of procedure-related complications (6.6% vs. 26.9%; P < 0.05), post-embolization syndrome (32.8% vs. 61.5%, P < 0.05), SIR complications (32.8% vs. 61.5%; P < 0.01) and adverse events involving abdominal pain (19.7% vs. 42.3%; P < 0.05). Half-load doxorubicin microspheres resulted in greater treatment response (OR, 4.00; 95% CI 1.06–15.13; P, 0.041) and shorter hospital stays (OR, − 1.72; 95% CI − 2.77–0.68; P, 0.001) than did microspheres loaded to full capacity. Stratified analysis further showed that patients treated with 100-μm half-load doxorubicin microspheres had a higher CR (63.6% vs 18.0%) and ORR (90.9 vs 54.0%) and a shorter hospital stay (1.6 ± 1.3 vs 4.2 ± 2.3 days) than did those treated with full-load microspheres (P < 0.05). Thus, the drug-loading concentration of microspheres in DEB-TACE should be carefully considered.

To assess the two-year treatment outcomes of chemoembolization with drug-eluting embolics (DEE) for nodular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

This study was a prospective, multicenter, registry-based, single-arm trial conducted at five university hospitals in Korea. Patients were recruited between May 2011 and April 2013, with a target population of 200. A DC Bead loaded with doxorubicin was used as the DEE agent. Patients were followed up for two years. Per-patient and per-lesion tumor response analysis, per-patient overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) analysis, and per-lesion tumor control analysis were performed.

The final study population included 152 patients, with 207 target lesions for the per-lesion analysis. At one-month, six-month, one-year, and two-year per-patient assessments, complete response (CR) rates were 40.1%, 43.0%, 33.3%, and 19.6%, respectively. The objective response (OR) rates were 91.4%, 55.4%, 35.1%, and 19.6%, respectively. The cumulative two-year OS rate was 79.7%. The cumulative two-year PFS rate was 22.4% and the median survival was 9.3 months. In multivariable analysis, the Child-Pugh score (p = 0.019) was an independent predictor of OS, and tumor multiplicity (p < 0.001), tumor size (p = 0.020), and Child-Pugh score (p = 0.006) were independent predictors of PFS. In per-lesion analysis, one-month, six-month, one-year and two-year CR rates were 57.5%, 58.5%, 45.2%, and 33.3%, respectively, and the OR rates were 84.1%, 65.2%, 46.6%, and 33.3%, respectively. The cumulative two-year per-lesion tumor control rate was 36.2%, and the median time was 14.1 months. The Child-Pugh score (p < 0.001) was the only independent predictor of tumor control. Serious adverse events were reported in 11 patients (7.2%).

DEE chemoembolization for nodular HCCs in the Korean population showed acceptable survival, tumor response, and safety profiles after a two-year follow-up. Good liver function (Child-Pugh score A5) was a key predictor of per-patient OS, PFS, and per-lesion tumor control.

• Chemoembolization
• Drug-eluting beads
• Drug-eluting embolics
• Hepatocellular carcinoma

Effective treatment options for nonresectable hepatic carcinoma (HC) in dogs are limited.

Objectives were to report outcomes, complications, and tumor responses via computed tomography (CT) assessment after drug‐eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB‐TACE) for nonresectable HC in dogs. The authors hypothesized that major complications would be uncommon and short‐term CT assessment would demonstrate stable disease or partial response.

Client‐owned dogs (n = 16) with nonresectable HC.

Prospective, single‐arm clinical trial. Drug‐eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization was performed to varying levels of blood flow stasis. Computed tomography imaging was compared before and approximately 12 weeks after initial treatment.

Drug‐eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization was successfully administered in all attempts. Based on percent change in elliptical tumor volume response (mL), stable disease (8/13; 62%) was the most common outcome followed by partial response (3/13; 23%) and progressive disease (2/13; 15%) with a median of 74 days (range, 39‐125) after initial treatment. Median tumor volume (mL) after DEB‐TACE decreased in volume by 13% (range, 56% decrease to 77% increase). Mild complications consistent with postembolization syndrome occurred after 7/27 (26%) treatments. Major complications occurred after 3/27 (11%) treatments: hepatic abscess/septicemia (2) and cholecystitis/death (1), resulting in treatment‐induced death after 2/27 (7%) treatments. Median survival time after treatment was 337 days (range, 22‐1061). Dogs with a presenting complaint of weight loss (P = .02) had a significantly shorter median survival time (126 days; range, 46‐337) than those dogs without prior history of weight loss (582 days; range, 22‐1061).

Drug‐eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization for nonresectable HC is a feasible procedure, which promoted stable disease or partial response in 85% of dogs in this study sample.

• DEB
• TACE
• doxorubicin
• interventional radiology
• liver

• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
• Humans
• Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Liver Neoplasms/therapy
• Sorafenib/therapeutic use