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Cerebral ageing-the role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor signalling: A review
Georgia Romain, Jolanta Opacka-Juffry, Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, SW15 4JD London, United Kingdom
Author contributions: Romain G and Opacka-Juffry J both contributed to this paper.
Conflict-of-interest: No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Jolanta Opacka-Juffry, Professor, Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, SW15 4JD London, United Kingdom. j.opacka-juffry@roehampton.ac.uk
Telephone: +44-20-83923563 Fax: +44-20-83923527
Received: July 29, 2014
Peer-review started: July 29, 2014
First decision: August 14, 2014
Revised: August 27, 2014
Accepted: September 3, 2014
Article in press: September 4, 2014
Published online: September 28, 2014
Processing time: 87 Days and 10.9 Hours
Peer-review started: July 29, 2014
First decision: August 14, 2014
Revised: August 27, 2014
Accepted: September 3, 2014
Article in press: September 4, 2014
Published online: September 28, 2014
Processing time: 87 Days and 10.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Age itself is a major risk factor for the development of age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s and cerebrovascular diseases. Increased life expectancy necessitates the need to understand the processes that underlie successful vs pathological brain ageing in order to develop early interventions which may assist in delaying if not reversing the detrimental effects of brain ageing. This review focuses on the signalling system of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IIS) and its roles in cerebral ageing; it highlights some conflicting literature opinions and incomplete understandings of the roles and mechanisms of the IIS system.