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Akhlaghi M, Kohanmoo A. Sleep deprivation in development of obesity, effects on appetite regulation, energy metabolism, and dietary choices. Nutr Res Rev 2025; 38:4-24. [PMID: 37905402 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422423000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation, which is a decrease in duration and quality of sleep, is a common problem in today's life. Epidemiological and interventional investigations have suggested a link between sleep deprivation and overweight/obesity. Sleep deprivation affects homeostatic and non-homoeostatic regulation of appetite, with the food reward system playing a dominant role. Factors such as sex and weight status affect this regulation; men and individuals with excess weight seem to be more sensitive to reward-driven and hedonistic regulation of food intake. Sleep deprivation may also affect weight through affecting physical activity and energy expenditure. In addition, sleep deprivation influences food selection and eating behaviours, which are mainly managed by the food reward system. Sleep-deprived individuals mostly crave for palatable energy-dense foods and have low desire for fruit and vegetables. Consumption of meals may not change but energy intake from snacks increases. The individuals have more desire for snacks with high sugar and saturated fat content. The relationship between sleep and the diet is mutual, implying that diet and eating behaviours also affect sleep duration and quality. Consuming healthy diets containing fruit and vegetables and food sources of protein and unsaturated fats and low quantities of saturated fat and sugar may be used as a diet strategy to improve sleep. Since the effects of sleep deficiency differ between animals and humans, only evidence from human subject studies has been included, controversies are discussed and the need for future investigations is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Kohanmoo
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Schlichtiger J, Brunner S, Strüven A, Hoppe JM, Stremmel C. Effects of Caffeine Intake on Self-Administered Sleeping Quality and Wearable Monitoring of Sleep in a Cohort of Young Healthy Adults. Nutrients 2025; 17:1503. [PMID: 40362813 PMCID: PMC12073117 DOI: 10.3390/nu17091503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2025] [Revised: 04/26/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: Chronic sleep deprivation can lead to adverse health effects and therefore represents a public health burden While caffeine is a widely used stimulant, the relationship between caffeine consumption and sleep remains uncertain. Moreover, many studies might be subject to methodological bias, as invasive sleep measurements may themselves serve as confounders. The aim of the SleepSmart study was to assess the impact of caffeine consumption through coffee and energy drinks, utilizing both smartwatch data and questionnaire responses. Methods: The SleepSmart study is an observational cohort study conducted at LMU Hospital Munich, Germany, from July 2024 to January 2025. The study investigated two intervention groups: (1) coffee and (2) energy drink consumption. Each intervention lasted 1 week, with days 1 to 3 serving as a reference period (water consumption to adjust for increased fluid intake) and days 4 to 6 serving as the intervention period (consumption of an equivalent of 240 mg of caffeine per day, 3 h before bedtime). Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires and wearable devices. The primary endpoint was sleep duration. Objective measures of sleep (duration of light/deep sleep, duration of wake phases, heart rate) and self-assed quality of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) served as secondary endpoints. Results: For the primary endpoint, we did not find a significant difference in average sleep duration (baseline [hours] 6.7, coffee 6.9, energy drink 6.7, p-value 0.183). Similarly, secondary endpoints related to sleep measures showed no significant changes in the duration of light/deep sleep (coffee [min]: 242.2, reference coffee [refC] 255.7 I energy drink: 237.5, reference energy drink [refE] 261.3), time awake (coffee 22.7, refC 23.4 I energy drink 21.3, refE 18.9), time to fall asleep/wake up (coffee 4.2, refC 4.0 I energy drink 4.4, refE 2.7), or average heart rate (coffee [bpm] 62.2, refC 62.1 I energy drink 62.6, refE 62.3)-neither between the two intervention groups nor compared to the reference period. However, self-assessed sleep quality revealed a decrease in perceived sleep quality, with reports of poor sleep increasing by 8% after coffee consumption (rather bad/very bad sleeping quality: 29.7%) and 20% after energy drink consumption (46.6%), compared to baseline data (21.6%). Conclusions: The SleepSmart study introduces wearable sleep tracking as an innovative, low-interference method for objectively recording sleep data. While wearable data did not indicate significant sleep deterioration in the group of young, healthy adults, caffeine appeared to negatively impact the subjective perception of sleep in the study cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Schlichtiger
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.S.); (S.B.); (A.S.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunner
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.S.); (S.B.); (A.S.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Strüven
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.S.); (S.B.); (A.S.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - John Michael Hoppe
- Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany;
| | - Christopher Stremmel
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.S.); (S.B.); (A.S.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Koikawa N, Minamino Y, Kawasaki Y, Kasai T, Suzuki Y. The Impact of Macronutrient Intake on Sleep Quality in Female Endurance Athletes: A Pilot Observational Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2025; 17:1368. [PMID: 40284231 PMCID: PMC12030440 DOI: 10.3390/nu17081368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2025] [Revised: 04/12/2025] [Accepted: 04/16/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Sleep is essential for athletes. However, the impact of dietary habits on sleep quality in female endurance athletes at risk for low energy availability (LEA) is underexplored. This was a pilot study to examine the correlation between dietary patterns and sleep quality in healthy female endurance athletes. Methods: Twenty-four female endurance athletes recorded their dietary intake and sleeping habits for 6 days. Dietary intake data were collected via meal logs and photos. Sleep parameters were tracked using the Fitbit Charge 3 device. Correlation analyses were performed to explore the associations between macronutrient intake and sleep. Results: The athletes' mean consumption was 2049.3 ± 396.9 kcal/day (52.9% carbohydrates, 28.2% fat, and 17.2% protein). One-third of the athletes had poor sleep quality, and thirty-eight percent experienced high daytime sleepiness. A higher protein intake was correlated with a lower awake time (R = -0.491; p = 0.015), and fat intake was related to a lower duration of deep sleep (R = -0.477; p = 0.019). Deep sleep was negatively correlated with fat intake during dinner (R = -0.417; p = 0.042) and was positively correlated with carbohydrate intake (R = 0.417; p = 0.042). Conclusions: In healthy female endurance athletes without LEA, dietary fat intake, especially at dinner, negatively affects deep sleep. Meanwhile, carbohydrates promote deep sleep. Therefore, optimizing macronutrient balance during evening meals may enhance sleep quality and, consequently, athletic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsue Koikawa
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan;
- Japanese Center for Research on Women in Sport, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | | | - Yu Kawasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Takatoshi Kasai
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Sleep and Sleep-Disordered Breathing Center, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoshio Suzuki
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan;
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Godos J, Rosi A, Scazzina F, Touriz Bonifaz MA, Giampieri F, Abdelkarim O, Ammar A, Aly M, Frias-Toral E, Pons J, Vázquez-Araújo L, Alemany-Iturriaga J, Monasta L, Mata A, Chacón A, Busó P, Grosso G. Diet, Eating Habits, and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Adequate Sleep Duration in Children and Adolescents Living in 5 Mediterranean Countries: The DELICIOUS Project. Nutrients 2025; 17:1242. [PMID: 40218999 PMCID: PMC11990884 DOI: 10.3390/nu17071242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2025] [Revised: 03/25/2025] [Accepted: 03/28/2025] [Indexed: 04/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Sleep is a fundamental physiological function that plays a crucial role in maintaining health and well-being. The aim of this study was to assess dietary and lifestyle factors associated with adequate sleep duration in children and adolescents living in five Mediterranean countries. Methods: Parents of children and adolescents taking part in an initial survey for the DELICIOUS project were examined to assess their children's dietary and eating habits (i.e., meal routines), as well as other lifestyle behaviors (i.e., physical activity levels, screen time, etc.) potentially associated with adequate sleep duration (defined as 8-10 h according to the National Sleep Foundation). The youth healthy eating index (Y-HEI) was used to assess the diet quality of children and adolescents. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), indicating the level of association between variables. Results: A total of 2011 individuals participated in the survey. The adolescents and children of younger parents reported being more likely to have inadequate sleep duration. Among eating behaviors, having breakfast (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.62, 3.08) and eating at school (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.74) were associated with adequate sleep duration. In contrast, children eating alone, screen time, and eating outside of the home were less likely to have adequate sleep duration, although these findings were only significant in the unadjusted model. After adjusting for covariates, a better diet quality (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.24, 2.16), including higher intake of fruits, meat, fish, and whole grains, was associated with adequate sleep duration. Conclusions: Adequate sleep duration seems to be highly influenced by factors related to individual lifestyles, family and school eating behaviors, as well as diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Godos
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Center for Human Nutrition and Mediterranean Foods (NUTREA), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Alice Rosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Scazzina
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Antonieta Touriz Bonifaz
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Av. Pdte. Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola, Guayaquil 090615, Ecuador
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guayaquil, Avenida 10 NO, Guayaquil 090613, Ecuador
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Joint Laboratory on Food Science, Nutrition, and Intelligent Processing of Foods, Polytechnic University of Marche, Italy, Universidad Europea del Atlántico Spain and Jiangsu University, China at Polytechnic University of Marche, 60130 Ancona, Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Osama Abdelkarim
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt (M.A.)
| | - Achraf Ammar
- Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Aly
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt (M.A.)
| | - Evelyn Frias-Toral
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 0901952, Ecuador
- Division of Research, Texas State University, 601 University Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Juancho Pons
- Editorial Luis Vives (EDELVIVES), Carretera de Madrid, 50012 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Laura Vázquez-Araújo
- BCC Innovation, Technology Center in Gastronomy, Basque Culinary Center, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain;
- Basque Culinary Center, Faculty of Gastronomic Sciences, Mondragon Unibertsitatea, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Josep Alemany-Iturriaga
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Sport, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche 24560, Mexico
- Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito EN 250, Bié, Angola
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health–IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Ana Mata
- Technological Institute for Children’s Products & Leisure AIJU, 03440 Alicante, Spain
| | - Adrián Chacón
- Technological Institute for Children’s Products & Leisure AIJU, 03440 Alicante, Spain
| | - Pablo Busó
- Technological Institute for Children’s Products & Leisure AIJU, 03440 Alicante, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Center for Human Nutrition and Mediterranean Foods (NUTREA), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Müge Haylı Ç, Chung S, Demir Kösem D. Impact of sleep hygiene education on sleep and nutrition in children aged 10-18 years. An Pediatr (Barc) 2025; 102:503745. [PMID: 39809609 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2024.503745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep quality has positive effects on children's sleep and eating habits. In turn, improvement in sleep quality is associated with sleep hygiene training. The aim of our study was to determine the impact of sleep hygiene education on sleep and nutrition management in children aged 10-18 years. In addition, we explored the association between sleep problems and eating behaviours in participants before and after the training programme. METHODS We conducted a quasi-experimental study between August 25 and December 27, 2023, in children aged 10-18 years who participated in the study on a voluntary basis with the consent of their parents. We collected data from a total of 80 children aged 12-18 years. The study investigated the relationship between sleep problems and eating behaviours. We randomly allocated participants to one of two groups, the training group or the waitlist group. We assessed the association between changes in sleep problems and changes in eating behaviours in the training group. The data were collected using a sociodemographic data form, the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire, and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. RESULTS In the study sample, the proportions of male and female participants (training group) were 60.0% and 40.0%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the pretest and post-test scores in the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (P < .01) and significant differences in the changes in sleep and eating habit scores between groups between the pre- and post-sleep hygiene training timepoints (P < .01). Thus, we concluded that sleep hygiene training is associated with and has an impact on sleep and nutrition. CONCLUSION We observed that in children aged 10-18 years, sleep problems were associated with their eating behaviours. Sleep hygiene education had a significant and favourable impact on sleep and nutrition outcomes. Thus, sleep hygiene training has an important effect on children's sleep and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Müge Haylı
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Hakkari, Hakkari, Turkey.
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Departatmento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Ulsan, Centro Médico Asan, Seúl, Republic of Korea
| | - Dilek Demir Kösem
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Hakkari, Hakkari, Turkey
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Agnoletto L, Vandeleur M, White M, Adams A, Halligan R, Peters H. Sleep quality in children with hepatic glycogen storage diseases, a prospective observational pilot study. JIMD Rep 2025; 66:e12462. [PMID: 39723121 PMCID: PMC11667772 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 10/16/2024] [Accepted: 11/20/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatic glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are characterised by enzyme defects affecting liver glycogen metabolism, where carbohydrate supplementation to prevent overnight hypoglycaemia is common. Concerns around sleep quality in hepatic GSDs relate to emerging evidence that overnight dysglycaemia impacts sleep quality. Methods This prospective observational study reported sleep quality and duration in children with hepatic GSDs over 7 days utilising: actigraphy (Actiwatch 2 by Phillips Respironics), sleep diaries, proxy reported age-appropriate sleep and quality-of-life (QoL) questionnaires, in the context of nocturnal glycaemic profiles continuous glucose monitor (CGM, Dexcom G6) and nocturnal dietary management strategies. Significant hypo- and hyperglycaemia were defined as ≥1% of sleep diary documented nocturnal period, recording <3.5 and >10.0 mmol/L, respectively. Results Seven children with hepatic GSD (aged 1-17 years) participated. Objective sleep quality was poor, with actigraphy demonstrating that no child achieved the minimum sleep duration recommended for age. Subjective sleep quality was also poor, with 4/5 documenting significant daytime sleepiness and 6/6 reporting poor sleep hygiene. Children prescribed overnight bolus feeds (OBF) (n = 2) recorded shorter sleep duration compared to other nocturnal management strategies. Parent-reported QoL suggested poor disease-related QoL outcomes for this cohort. Conclusion Objective and subjective sleep disturbances and reduced QoL are common within our sample of children with hepatic GSD. From our observations these outcomes may be linked to nutritional overnight interventions, especially OBFs, rather than overnight glucose levels. Consideration of the impacts of overnight feeding strategies on sleep quality and QoL in children with hepatic GSD should inform future management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Agnoletto
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Moya Vandeleur
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep MedicineRoyal Children's HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Mary White
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesRoyal Children's HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Anne‐Marie Adams
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep MedicineRoyal Children's HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Rebecca Halligan
- Department of Metabolic MedicineRoyal Children's HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Inherited Metabolic DiseasesEvelina London Children's HospitalLondonUK
| | - Heidi Peters
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Metabolic MedicineRoyal Children's HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Santos JS, Crispim CA, Skene DJ, Moreno CRDC. Weekday-Weekend Differences in Chrononutritional Variables Depend on Urban or Rural Living. Nutrients 2024; 17:108. [PMID: 39796541 PMCID: PMC11723074 DOI: 10.3390/nu17010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2024] [Revised: 12/23/2024] [Accepted: 12/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Studies have highlighted the impact of work and school schedules on food preferences, suggesting that individuals' dietary choices may change during the week to align with their daily routines. Despite the variation in food composition in the population, there is no evidence identifying differences in food intake times and composition across the days of the week in urban/rural locations. Thus, the study's aim was to identify weekday vs. weekend differences in food intake times and composition (calories) between urban and rural areas. METHODS Data from 5770 participants (aged 18-59 years) were analyzed from the National Household Budget Survey (POF-IBGE) consisting of two distinct food diary records (weekday + weekend) per individual, including area (urban or rural) information in Brazil. RESULTS During weekdays, the time of the first food intake was significantly earlier, and the last food intake time was significantly later compared to weekends, resulting in a longer eating window on weekdays in both urban and rural areas. People living in urban areas exhibited delayed first and last food intake times, resulting in later caloric and eating midpoints compared to people living in rural areas. Periodogram analysis detected weekly rhythmicity (7 days) at the time of the first food intake and the length of the eating window in urban residents. CONCLUSIONS The observed 7-day rhythmic pattern of food intake in urban areas, driven by work and school schedules, underscores the influence of urbanization on dietary timing and composition. In contrast, rural areas exhibited more stable and earlier eating patterns. These results emphasize the need for public health interventions to address meal timing and circadian alignment, particularly in urban settings, to mitigate the risk of metabolic disorders and improve overall health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Souza Santos
- Department of Health and Society, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil;
- Department of Theory and Foundations of Education, Education Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 80230-130, Brazil
| | - Cibele Aparecida Crispim
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-320, Brazil;
| | - Debra Jean Skene
- Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK;
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Nunes MEB, dos Santos CHB, Lima MDO, Pedrosa AKP, de Menezes RCE, Longo-Silva G. Association of Evening Eating with Sleep Quality and Insomnia among Adults in a Brazilian National Survey. Sleep Sci 2024; 17:e381-e391. [PMID: 39698174 PMCID: PMC11651824 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1800807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the association of evening eating clock time, its elapsed time to the midpoint of sleep (TEM), consumption of caffeine and sugary foods, and reporting dinner as the largest meal with sleep quality indicators and insomnia. Methods Participants ( n = 2,050;18-65y) were part of population-based research, with virtual data collection. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess differences in the ORs(95%CI) of sleep duration < 7 hours, sleep latency > 30 minutes, poor sleep quality, and insomnia (outcomes) with the evening diet-related variables. Linear regression analyses evaluated differences in sleep duration and latency associated with the same variables. Restricted cubic splines were used to study the shape of the association of eating event clock time and TEM with sleep duration and latency. Results Each additional hour of evening eating clock time and of the TEM, respectively increased and decreased, the odds of sleep duration < 7/h [OR(95%CI):1.30(1.20,1.40); OR(95%CI):0.51(0.47,0.56)], sleep latency > 30min [OR(95%CI):1.14(1.07,1.22); 0.88(0.83,0.94)], poor sleep quality [OR(95%CI):1.21(1.13,1.30); 0.80(0.76,0.85)] and insomnia [OR(95%CI):1.12(1.04,1.20); 0.89(0.84,0.95)]. We found a dose-response association between evening eating (clock time and TEM) and sleep duration. The shortest latency was seen when evening eating was ∼20:00 and ∼7-8 hours before the midpoint of sleep. Participants who reported dinner as the largest meal and consumed caffeine and sugary foods/beverages after 18:00 presented higher odds of sleep duration < 7 hours, poor quality, and insomnia. Conclusions Our findings indicate that an early-eating schedule has beneficial sleep effects and that it will be necessary to consider evening eating patterns and timing, along with the existing sleep and circadian hygiene, to improve sleep quality and circadian health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giovana Longo-Silva
- Research Group Chronobiology, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
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Al-Hinai M, Mohy A, Téllez-Rojo MM, Torres-Olascoaga LA, Bautista-Arredondo LF, Cantoral A, Peterson KE, Jansen EC. Meal Timing and Sleep Health Among Midlife Mexican Women During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients 2024; 16:3967. [PMID: 39599753 PMCID: PMC11597522 DOI: 10.3390/nu16223967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2024] [Revised: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine associations between meal timing habits and sleep health in midlife Mexican women. METHODS Data comprised 379 midlife Mexican women who participated in a phone survey conducted within the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) project during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Women answered questions related to meal habits and sleep duration, latency, and quality. We used linear regression to investigate the associations between meal timing, frequency of meals/snacks, eating window (duration between first and last eating occasion of the day), duration between last meal, bedtime, sleep duration, and logistic regression to examine the associations between meal timing, sleep latency, and sleep quality, adjusting for confounders. RESULTS Later timing of meals throughout the day, and a shorter interval between the last meal of the day and bedtime, were associated with prolonged sleep latency and worse sleep quality. Associations with sleep duration were mixed: a longer eating window and a later largest and last meal were each associated with shorter sleep duration, while a later first meal and a shorter interval between the last meal of the day and bedtime were associated with longer sleep duration. CONCLUSIONS Meal timing habits are associated with sleep duration, latency, and quality in midlife women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maymona Al-Hinai
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Marine Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman;
| | - Afnan Mohy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (A.M.); (K.E.P.)
| | - Martha María Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (M.M.T.-R.); (L.A.T.-O.); (L.F.B.-A.)
| | - Libni A. Torres-Olascoaga
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (M.M.T.-R.); (L.A.T.-O.); (L.F.B.-A.)
| | - Luis F. Bautista-Arredondo
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (M.M.T.-R.); (L.A.T.-O.); (L.F.B.-A.)
| | - Alejandra Cantoral
- Department of Health, Iberoamericana University, Mexico City 01219, Mexico;
| | - Karen E. Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (A.M.); (K.E.P.)
| | - Erica C. Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (A.M.); (K.E.P.)
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10
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Cruz J, Llodio I, Iturricastillo A, Yanci J, Sánchez-Díaz S, Romaratezabala E. Association of Physical Activity and/or Diet with Sleep Quality and Duration in Adolescents: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:3345. [PMID: 39408312 PMCID: PMC11478895 DOI: 10.3390/nu16193345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep is essential for health, especially during adolescence. However, most adolescents do not obtain the recommended 8 to 10 h of sleep, and their health is significantly affected. While both physical activity (PA) and diet have been shown to help improve the sleep quality and duration, the combined association of these two factors with sleep has yet to be analysed. Objectives: Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the evidence on the combined association of PA and diet with the quality and duration of sleep in adolescents. Secondary objectives were to analyse the evidence on the single association of PA with the quality and duration of sleep in adolescents and to analyse the single association of diet with the quality and duration of sleep in adolescents. Methods: To this end, a scoping review was conducted with a structured search in four online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ERIC). Results: The findings suggest that the amount of PA (time/week) and healthy dietary patterns, characterised by meal regularity and high consumption of fruits and vegetables, favour a better quality and a longer duration of sleep. Conversely, less weekly PA and the intake of less healthy foods, such as ultra-processed foods, are associated with decreasing the sleep quality and duration. Conclusions: In conclusion, the results underscore the importance of considering PA and diet as an appropriate approach to investigating sleep quality and duration in adolescents. Studies analysing the interplay between PA, diet and sleep in adolescents are scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Cruz
- Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
| | - Iñaki Llodio
- AKTIBOki: Research Group in Physical Activity, Physical Exercise and Sport, Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (A.I.); (J.Y.); (E.R.)
- Society, Sports and Physical Exercise Research Group (GIKAFIT), Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Physical Activity, Exercise, and Health Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Aitor Iturricastillo
- AKTIBOki: Research Group in Physical Activity, Physical Exercise and Sport, Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (A.I.); (J.Y.); (E.R.)
- Society, Sports and Physical Exercise Research Group (GIKAFIT), Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Physical Activity, Exercise, and Health Group, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Javier Yanci
- AKTIBOki: Research Group in Physical Activity, Physical Exercise and Sport, Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (A.I.); (J.Y.); (E.R.)
- Society, Sports and Physical Exercise Research Group (GIKAFIT), Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Silvia Sánchez-Díaz
- Department of Education and Humanities, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Romaratezabala
- AKTIBOki: Research Group in Physical Activity, Physical Exercise and Sport, Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (I.L.); (A.I.); (J.Y.); (E.R.)
- Society, Sports and Physical Exercise Research Group (GIKAFIT), Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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11
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Ordóñez Y, Saavedra-Clarke S, Reyes-García S, Crovetto M, Valladares M, Espinoza V, Machuca-Barria C, Cresp-Barria M, Durán-Agüero S. Diet and sleep quality in chilean university students. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2024; 36:441-448. [PMID: 39340217 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2024-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate an association between eating patterns and sleep quality in Chilean university students. METHODS A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted. Participants included students from 4 Chilean universities. Each student was administered survey Questionnaire on the frequency of healthy and unhealthy eating habits and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and their weight and height were taken to obtain the Body Mass Index (BMI). RESULTS A total of 1,079 young university students, 80.26 % were women and the average age was 21.7 years. The 73.68 % have inadequate sleep quality. There is a significant differences in frequency between sleep quality and the intake of breakfast (p<0.001), fish (p<0.05) and dinner (p<0.05), that is, university students who reported optimal sleep consume breakfast and dinner on a daily basis and their fish intake is in line with nutritional recommendations. With respect to the association between sleep quality and healthy dietary patterns, it is observed a significant association (p<0.01) between optimal sleep and daily breakfast consumption in model 3 (Odds Ratio (OR): 0.61 (0.46-0.82)). Regarding unhealthy dietary patterns, a significant association (p<0.05) is observed in model 3 between sleep quality and alcohol consumption (OR: 1.42 (1.02-1.96)). Furthermore, a significant association between optimal sleep and salt consumption is observed in both model 2 (OR: 0.73 (0.54-0.99)) and model 3 (OR: 0.72 (0.53-0.97)). Finally, a significant relationship between not tobacco use and optimal sleep is observed (OR: 0.68 (0.48-0.96)). CONCLUSION A positive relationship between healthy diet and sleep quality was observed in university students, which certain dietary patterns, such as the consumption of breakfast and low salt consumption and alcohol, are crucial to talk about a good sleep quality in this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ymara Ordóñez
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética. Facultad de Ciencias para Cuidado de La Salud, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Saavedra-Clarke
- Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susanne Reyes-García
- Laboratorio de Sueño y Neurobiología Funcional, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Los Alimentos, Doctor Fernando Monckeberg Barros, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Macarena Valladares
- Escuela de Terapia Ocupacional, Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Espinoza
- Departamento de Procesos Diagnósticos y Evaluación, Facultad Cs De La Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Claudia Machuca-Barria
- Departamento de Procesos Diagnósticos y Evaluación, Facultad Cs De La Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Mauricio Cresp-Barria
- Departamento de Innovación y Educación, Faculta de Educación, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Samuel Durán-Agüero
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética. Facultad de Ciencias para Cuidado de La Salud, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago, Chile
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12
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Fudge JE, Peterson ET, Koe SLM, Dringenberg HC. The Impact of Lunch Timing on Nap Quality. Clocks Sleep 2024; 6:402-416. [PMID: 39189194 PMCID: PMC11348025 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep6030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research has established that food intake is a biological regulator of the human sleep-wake cycle. As such, the timing of eating relative to sleep may influence the quality of sleep, including daytime naps. Here, we examine whether the timing of lunch (1 h vs. 2 h interval between lunch and a napping opportunity) impacts the quality of an afternoon nap. METHODS Using a randomized within-subject design over two separate experimental sessions (7 days apart), participants (n = 40, mean age = 25.8 years) consumed lunch 1 h and 2 h prior to an afternoon nap opportunity. Polysomnography and subjective self-reports were used to assess sleep architecture, sleepiness levels, and nap quality. RESULTS Results revealed no significant differences in subjective ratings of sleep quality and sleepiness, or in sleep architecture (total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency, sleep stages) between the 1 h and 2-h lunch conditions. CONCLUSIONS All sleep measures were similar when napping followed eating by either 1 h or 2 h, suggesting that eating closer to nap onset may not negatively impact sleep architecture and quality. Future research should continue to identify conditions that improve nap quality, given the well-documented benefits of naps to reduce sleep pressure and improve human performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Fudge
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (E.T.P.); (S.-L.M.K.)
| | | | | | - Hans C. Dringenberg
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (E.T.P.); (S.-L.M.K.)
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13
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Griffith CA, Leidy HJ, Gwin JA. Indices of Sleep Health Are Associated With Timing and Duration of Eating in Young Adults. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024; 124:1051-1057. [PMID: 38697355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data exist examining whether timing and/or duration of eating behaviors throughout the day affect sleep health. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between eating behaviors and sleep in young adults without chronic diseases or conditions. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study using 7 days of baseline data from a randomized crossover trial. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants included 52 young adults. The study took place in West Lafayette, Indiana, between April 2017 and May 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Timing and duration of eating were assessed via 3 nonconsecutive, 24-hour dietary recalls. Bedtime, wake time, total sleep time, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and wake after sleep onset were measured over 7 days via wrist actigraphy and sleep diaries. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Two-way analyses of variance were applied to assess group differences based on timing of consumption (early vs late eating) and duration of eating (long: >13 hours, short: <11 hours, or standard: 11-13 hours) with post-hoc pairwise comparisons. RESULTS Main effects of timing of consumption, but not duration of eating, were detected for wake time, bedtime, and sleep efficiency (all, P < .05). Specifically, participants with later eating patterns that included breakfast skipping had later wake times and later bedtimes than those with earlier eating patterns. In addition, those who had later eating patterns that included breakfast skipping and nighttime eating experienced lower sleep efficiency (mean [SE], 77.0% [2.3%]) vs those who consumed breakfast and no nighttime eating (mean [SE], 84.6% [1.4%]; P < .001) and those who skipped breakfast but had no nighttime eating (mean [SE], 84.2% [2.5]; P < .05). Those who consumed breakfast but also had nighttime eating had a mean (SE) sleep efficiency of 82.4% (1.4%) (P = .09). CONCLUSIONS The timing of eating was associated with sleep-wake onset and sleep efficiency. This study provides the preliminary characterization of eating behaviors relative to sleep-wake cycles and highlights the need for experimental studies to understand whether manipulating the timing of eating occasions to better align with sleep-wake cycles could improve sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Griffith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Heather J Leidy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Jess A Gwin
- Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts.
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14
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Chichester S, Rahmoune A, Dashti HS. Home parenteral nutrition, sleep patterns, and depressive symptoms: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2024; 48:709-717. [PMID: 38644052 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are known to experience psychological distress and have profoundly disrupted sleep. The aim of this analysis was to examine the relationship between sleep patterns with depressive symptoms and HPN characteristics. METHODS The study was a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data examining sleep patterns using subjective and objective measures. Sleep was assessed by surveys and 7-day actigraphy. The Patient Health Questionnaire-8 was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. Participants provided information on HPN. Spearman correlations were calculated between sleep measures with depressive symptoms and HPN characteristics. Correlations were further examined in multivariable linear regression models. RESULTS Thirty-two adults (age = 53 years; 75% female; 94% White) were included. Lower sleep quality (r = 0.54-0.60; P < 0.001) and later sleep timing (r = -0.35; P = 0.049) were correlated with higher depressive symptoms. Sleep patterns were also correlated with several HPN characteristics (r = -0.47 to 0.51). In linear regression models, rate of infusion was associated with sleep duration (β = -0.004 [0.002] h; P = 0.046) in which each 100 mL/h was associated with 24-min shorter duration. Higher total energy was associated with lower sleep quality (β = 0.0004 [0.0002] log-unit; P = 0.042), and higher volume was associated with longer sleep onset latency (β = 0.0006 [0.0003] log-min; P = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence supporting the link between poor and later sleep with higher depressive symptoms and identify potentially modifiable infusion characteristics (notably, slower rate of infusion and lower total energy and volume) that, on further verification, may support sleep among those receiving HPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra Chichester
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adline Rahmoune
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hassan S Dashti
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Bohlman C, McLaren C, Ezzati A, Vial P, Ibrahim D, Anton SD. The effects of time-restricted eating on sleep in adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1419811. [PMID: 39144285 PMCID: PMC11322763 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1419811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Time-restricted eating (TRE), a dietary pattern reducing the duration of daily food consumption, has recently gained popularity. Existing studies show the potential benefits of TRE for cardiometabolic health. Uncertainty remains about whether these benefits are solely from altered meal timing or influences on other health behaviors, including sleep. Despite growing scientific interest in the effects of TRE on sleep parameters, the topic has not been systematically explored. Methods This review examined the effects of TRE interventions (daily fasting duration ≥14 h) lasting at least 8 weeks on objective and subjective sleep parameters. Six randomized control trials were identified through Pubmed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Scopus through September 2023. Results Of the included studies, three employed objective sleep measures using wearables and five studies assessed sleep subjectively through self-report questionnaires. Only one study reported significant improvements in subjective sleep quality following a TRE intervention. Additionally, one study found significant decreases in sleep duration, two studies found significant decreases in sleep efficiency, and one found significant increases in sleep onset latency. Discussion Current evidence indicates that short to mid-term TRE does not typically worsen sleep parameters. However, some populations may experience reduced sleep disturbances, while others may experience reductions in sleep efficiency. Longer duration studies with objective sleep assessments are needed to better understand the effects of TRE on sleep parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Bohlman
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christian McLaren
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Armin Ezzati
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics, and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Patricia Vial
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Daniel Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Stephen D. Anton
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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16
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Corrado A, Scidà G, Vitale M, Caprio B, Costabile G, Annuzzi E, Della Pepa G, Lupoli R, Bozzetto L. Eating habits and sleep quality in individuals with type 1 diabetes on continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pump. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1703-1711. [PMID: 38644079 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Sleep disorders are bidirectionally linked with eating behaviors and glucose metabolism, which could be clinically relevant in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We investigated the relationship between dietary habits and sleep quality in individuals with T1D on insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). METHODS AND RESULTS In a cross-sectional study, dietary habits (7-day food diary, EPIC questionnaire) and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire) were assessed in 59 men and 58 women with T1D, aged 19-79 years, using CGM and insulin pump. Differences in dietary habits and blood glucose after dinner (6 h) between participants differing in sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep onset latency were evaluated. Bad Sleepers (n = 81) were twice as prevalent as Good Sleepers (n = 36) and had a significantly higher intake of fat than Good Sleepers (dinner: 30.7 ± 10.7 vs. 24.0 ± 10.5 g, p = 0.004). Short sleepers had a significantly higher usual intake (g/1000 kcal) of coffee and tea (90.4 ± 71.7 vs. 62.0 ± 35.6), alcoholic (47.8 ± 51.1 vs. 28.9 ± 31.5) and carbonated beverages (21.8 ± 38.1 vs. 9.3 ± 17.2) (p < 0.05 for all) than Long Sleepers. Long Sleep Onset Latency was associated with a significantly higher fat intake at dinner (41.8 ± 7.4 vs. 38.1 ± 9.1 % total energy, p = 0.029) than Short Sleep Onset Latency. No significant differences in post-dinner blood glucose levels were detected between participants with good or bad sleep quality. CONCLUSION Sleep disruption is common in T1D and is associated with unhealthy dietary choices, especially at dinner, independently of post-dinner blood glucose control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Corrado
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Scidà
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Marilena Vitale
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Benedetta Caprio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Costabile
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Eric Annuzzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Della Pepa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Lupoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Lutgarda Bozzetto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
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Silveira NC, Balieiro LCT, Gontijo CA, Teixeira GP, Fahmy WM, Maia YCDP, Crispim CA. Association between sleep duration and quality with food intake, chrononutrition patterns, and weight gain during pregnancy. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1413-1420. [PMID: 38178731 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
To analyse the association between sleep duration and quality with food intake, chrononutrition patterns, and weight gain during pregnancy. A prospective cohort study was conducted with 100 pregnant women. Data collection occurred once during each gestational trimester. The assessment of sleep quality and duration was performed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Food intake was assessed using three 24-h recalls in each trimester. Body weight was measured during the three trimesters, and height was measured only once to calculate the BMI. Linear regression analyses were performed to associate sleep duration and quality with food consumption and weight gain variables. Longer sleep duration was associated with a later dinner in the first trimester (β = 0·228, P = 0·025) and earlier in the third trimester (β = -0·223, P = 0·026), in addition to a later morning snack in the second trimester (β = 0·315, P = 0·026). Worse sleep quality was associated with higher total energy intake (β = 0·243, P = 0·044), total fat (β = 0·291, P = 0·015) and the chrononutrition variables such as a higher number of meals (β = 0·252, P = 0·037), higher energetic midpoint (β = 0·243, P = 0·044) and shorter fasting time (β = -0·255, P = 0·034) in the third trimester. Sleep quality was also associated with a higher BMI in the first trimester of pregnancy (β = 0·420, P = < 0·001). Most of the associations found in the present study show that poor sleep is associated with higher energy and fat intake and higher BMI. Longer sleep duration was associated with a later dinner in early pregnancy and an earlier dinner in late pregnancy, as well as with a later morning snack in the second trimester of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noara Carvalho Silveira
- Chrononutrition Research Group (Cronutri), School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiana Araújo Gontijo
- Chrononutrition Research Group (Cronutri), School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Pereira Teixeira
- Chrononutrition Research Group (Cronutri), School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Walid Makin Fahmy
- Department of Obstetrics, Hospital and Municipal Maternity of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Yara Cristina de Paiva Maia
- Molecular Biology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cibele Aparecida Crispim
- Chrononutrition Research Group (Cronutri), School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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18
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Baidoo VYA, Alexandria SJ, Zee PC, Knutson KL. The association between timing of dietary macronutrient and sodium consumption and sleep duration and quality. SLEEP ADVANCES : A JOURNAL OF THE SLEEP RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 5:zpae007. [PMID: 38314117 PMCID: PMC10838122 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Study Objective The objective of this study was to examine the association between the timing of dietary macronutrients and sodium intake and sleep quantity and quality. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that included 34 adults between 21 and 50 years of age. The main outcome measures were objective sleep measures assessed from three nights of wrist actigraphy including sleep duration, fragmentation, and wake after sleep onset (WASO), and one night of polysomnography (PSG), including rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, non-REM stage 2 (N2), stage 3 (N3), and WASO. Multiple linear regression models and linear mixed models were used to estimate the associations between sleep measures and dietary measures (carbohydrates, fats, saturated fats, proteins, and sodium). Dietary timing was examined in two ways: (1) the average amount of each nutrient consumed within 3 hours of sleep start, and (2) the interval between the final intake of each nutrient and sleep. Results Average fat intake within 3 hours of sleep was associated with greater WASO from PSG (β = 4.48, p = 0.01). No other associations were found between the macronutrients or sodium intake (p > 0.05) within 3 hours of sleep and the sleep parameters from PSG or actigraphy. Similarly, no associations were found between any of the PSG or actigraphy sleep measures and the interval between final nutrient intakes and sleep with sleep duration. Conclusions The study suggests that greater fat but not carbohydrate, protein, saturated fat, or sodium intake close to sleep may be associated with greater sleep disruption; however, no other associations were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velarie Yaa Ansu Baidoo
- Postdoctoral fellow, Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shaina J Alexandria
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL, USA
| | - Phyllis C Zee
- Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kristen L Knutson
- Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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19
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Sanchez-Trigo H, Molina-Martínez E, Grimaldi-Puyana M, Sañudo B. Effects of lifestyle behaviours and depressed mood on sleep quality in young adults. A machine learning approach. Psychol Health 2024; 39:128-143. [PMID: 35475409 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2067331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern lifestyles may lead to high stress levels, frequently associated with mood disorders (e.g. depressed mood) and sleep disturbance. The objective of this study was to develop a machine learning model aimed at identifying risk factors for developing poor sleep quality in young adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sample consisted of 383 college-aged students (mean age ± SD: 21 ± 1 years; 61% males). Sleep quality, mood state, physical activity, number of sitting hours, and smartphone use were measured. RESULTS A decision tree algorithm distinguished participants' sleep quality with 74% accuracy using a combination of four features: depressed mood, physical activity, sitting time, and vigour. Together with depressed mood, both physical activity (>6432 metabolic equivalent tasks -METs- per week) and sedentary behaviour (sitting time greater than 7 h/day) were the primary features that could differentiate those with poor sleep quality from those with good sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS We provided a decision tree model with a sensitivity of 90.7% and a specificity of 54.3%, with an AUC of 0.725. These findings could promote improvements in prevention strategies and contribute to the development of meaningful and evidence-based intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Borja Sañudo
- Physical Education and Sports Department, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
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20
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Giri S, Mehta R, Mallick BN. REM Sleep Loss-Induced Elevated Noradrenaline Plays a Significant Role in Neurodegeneration: Synthesis of Findings to Propose a Possible Mechanism of Action from Molecule to Patho-Physiological Changes. Brain Sci 2023; 14:8. [PMID: 38275513 PMCID: PMC10813190 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Wear and tear are natural processes for all living and non-living bodies. All living cells and organisms are metabolically active to generate energy for their routine needs, including for survival. In the process, the cells are exposed to oxidative load, metabolic waste, and bye-products. In an organ, the living non-neuronal cells divide and replenish the lost or damaged cells; however, as neuronal cells normally do not divide, they need special feature(s) for their protection, survival, and sustenance for normal functioning of the brain. The neurons grow and branch as axons and dendrites, which contribute to the formation of synapses with near and far neurons, the basic scaffold for complex brain functions. It is necessary that one or more basic and instinct physiological process(es) (functions) is likely to contribute to the protection of the neurons and maintenance of the synapses. It is known that rapid eye movement sleep (REMS), an autonomic instinct behavior, maintains brain functioning including learning and memory and its loss causes dysfunctions. In this review we correlate the role of REMS and its loss in synaptogenesis, memory consolidation, and neuronal degeneration. Further, as a mechanism of action, we will show that REMS maintains noradrenaline (NA) at a low level, which protects neurons from oxidative damage and maintains neuronal growth and synaptogenesis. However, upon REMS loss, the level of NA increases, which withdraws protection and causes apoptosis and loss of synapses and neurons. We propose that the latter possibly causes REMS loss associated neurodegenerative diseases and associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatrunjai Giri
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, India;
| | - Rachna Mehta
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences, Amity University, Noida 201301, India;
| | - Birendra Nath Mallick
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences, Amity University, Noida 201301, India;
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21
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Castro-Santos L, Lima MDO, Pedrosa AKP, Serenini R, de Menezes RCE, Longo-Silva G. Sleep and circadian hygiene practices association with sleep quality among Brazilian adults. Sleep Med X 2023; 6:100088. [PMID: 38162593 PMCID: PMC10757201 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2023.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association of sleep and circadian hygiene practices (sleep-promoting and sleep-disturbing behaviors) with sleep quality indicators. Methods Participants (n = 2050; 18-65 y) were part of virtual population-based research. Logistic regression models were fitted to assess differences in the OR (95% CI) of poor quality with sleep-promoting/disturbing practices (time-of-day of exercise, pre-bedtime routine, naps, electronic devices with illuminated screens, caffeine and alcohol consumption, and smoking). Linear regression analyses evaluated differences in sleep duration, latency, and awakenings associated with the same variables. Restricted cubic splines were used to study the shape of the association of screen time before bed with sleep duration, latency, and awakenings. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, region, marital status, educational level, evening diet quality, and BMI. Results Evening use of electronic devices with illuminated screens showed a negative effect on all sleep parameters. Reporting dinner as the largest meal and evening caffeine consumption was associated with shorter sleep duration and longer sleep latency. Smokers had higher odds of longer latency. A protective effect of morning exercises was demonstrated on sleep quality, latency, and awakenings. Alcohol consumers presented lower odds of poor quality and lower frequency of awakenings. Pre-bedtime practices showed no or negative effect on sleep outcomes. Conclusions Recommendations to promote sleep quality and prevent sleep-related problems, with corresponding circadian health benefits, should include engaging in regular exercise, preferably in the morning, and avoiding naps, heavy meals close to bedtime, caffeine, smoking, and evening screen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Castro-Santos
- Research Group ‘Chronobiology, Nutrition, and Health', Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Márcia de Oliveira Lima
- Research Group ‘Chronobiology, Nutrition, and Health', Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Anny Kariny Pereira Pedrosa
- Research Group ‘Chronobiology, Nutrition, and Health', Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Renan Serenini
- Faculty of Economics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giovana Longo-Silva
- Research Group ‘Chronobiology, Nutrition, and Health', Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil
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Shriane AE, Rigney G, Ferguson SA, Bin YS, Vincent GE. Healthy sleep practices for shift workers: consensus sleep hygiene guidelines using a Delphi methodology. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad182. [PMID: 37429599 PMCID: PMC10710992 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The unique requirements of shift work, such as sleeping and working at variable times, mean that current sleep hygiene guidelines may be inappropriate for shift workers. Current guidelines may also contradict fatigue management advice (e.g. advising against daytime napping). The present study utilized a Delphi methodology to determine expert opinion regarding the applicability of current guidelines for shift workers, the appropriateness of the term "sleep hygiene," and develop tailored guidelines for shift workers. METHODS The research team reviewed current guidelines and existing evidence to draft tailored guidelines. Seventeen individual guidelines, covering sleep scheduling, napping, sleep environment, bedtime routine, substances, light exposure, diet, and exercise were drafted. Experts from sleep, shift work, and occupational health fields (n = 155) were invited to review the draft guidelines using a Delphi methodology. In each round, experts voted on individual guidelines, with 70% agreement considered consensus. Where consensus was not reached, written feedback from experts was discussed and incorporated into subsequent iterations. RESULTS Of the experts invited, 68 (44%) agreed to participate, with 55 (35%) completing the third (final) round. Most experts (84%) agreed that tailored guidelines were required for shift workers. Consensus was reached on all guidelines after three rounds. One additional guideline (sleep inertia) and an introductory statement were developed, resulting in a final set of 18 individual guidelines, termed "healthy sleep practices for shift workers." CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to develop tailored sleep hygiene guidelines for shift workers. Future research should investigate the acceptability and effectiveness of these guidelines amongst shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Shriane
- Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Rigney
- Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sally A Ferguson
- Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Yu Sun Bin
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Northern Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Grace E Vincent
- Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Yoo H, Jo E, Lee H, Ko E, Jang E, Sim J, Park S. Who has a high level of food literacy, and who does not?: a qualitative study of college students in South Korea. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:1155-1169. [PMID: 38053819 PMCID: PMC10694421 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.6.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Unhealthy food choices among young adults are common globally, and the incidence of chronic diseases, such as obesity, is rising. Food literacy (FL) is important for improving and maintaining individual health in a rapidly changing food environment and can form the basis for following a sustainable diet. Therefore, it is essential to improve FL among young adults, particularly college students, who are in the formative years of their lifelong food habits. This study examined the facilitators and barriers of FL and related dietary behavior among college students in South Korea. SUBJECTS/METHODS This study recruited 25 college students with different residence types using convenience and snowball sampling. In-person, telephone, and video interviews were conducted from March to November 2021. The interview data were analyzed using framework analysis based on the socio-ecological model. RESULTS At the individual level, prior good experiences with food were the most frequently mentioned facilitator. In contrast, the major barriers were a lack of knowledge, financial hardship, irregular schedules, and academic stress. At the interpersonal level, the influences of family and peers, such as early exposure to healthy eating habits and opportunities to have easy accessibility to farms and farming, are major facilitators, but the lack of a sense of community was the major barrier. At the environmental level, the major barriers were unfavorable food environments at home and in neighborhoods, such as the absence of kitchens in housing and large packaging of produce at markets. CONCLUSIONS Many factors affected the students' FL and related healthy eating practices. These findings suggest that a campus-based FL program should be developed by reflecting on these facilitators and barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyelim Yoo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- The Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Eunbin Jo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- The Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hyeongyeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- The Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Eunji Ko
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- The Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Eunjin Jang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- The Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jiwon Sim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- The Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Sohyun Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- The Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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Santos JS, Skene DJ, Crispim CA, Moreno CRDC. Seasonal and Regional Differences in Eating Times in a Representative Sample of the Brazilian Population. Nutrients 2023; 15:4019. [PMID: 37764802 PMCID: PMC10535183 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human food intake and its timing are a complex behavior that can be influenced by a variety of factors, some of which may vary from season to season or from region to region. In this study, our aim was to investigate the seasonal variation in food intake times, with a particular focus on how these may vary across different regions of a country. We conducted an analysis of data from 20,622 adults from the National Household Budget Survey (POF-IBGE), encompassing complete food diaries collected from individuals residing in Brazil, and thereby ensuring representation across different latitudes. Each participant's daily food intake was reported for two non-consecutive days at different times in the same week using food diaries. An ANOVA revealed a later food intake time in the evening in high-latitude regions compared to low-latitude regions. The Sidak post-hoc test showed a significant interaction effect between region and season, demonstrating a pattern of early First Intake Time and Eating Midpoint in the Northeast region during spring/summer. Additionally, we observed an independent effect of the region, as early food intake times were found in low-latitude regions. These findings offer a basis for discussing food intake times among individuals living in different regions located on distinct latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Souza Santos
- Department of Health, Life Cycles and Society, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil;
| | - Debra Jean Skene
- Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; (D.J.S.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Cibele Aparecida Crispim
- Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; (D.J.S.); (C.A.C.)
- Chrononutrition Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-320, Brazil
| | - Claudia Roberta de Castro Moreno
- Department of Health, Life Cycles and Society, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil;
- Psychology Department, Stockholm University, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden
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Rasaei N, Samadi M, Khadem A, Badrooj N, Hassan Zadeh M, Ghaffarian-Ensaf R, Gholami F, Mirzaei K. The association between cholesterol/saturated fat index (CSI) and quality of sleep, and circadian rhythm among overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:75. [PMID: 37501196 PMCID: PMC10375646 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The decline in sleep quality is one of the main public health problems affecting the global population. Some studies have shown that a high-fat diet may be linked to changes in circadian rhythm and sleep quality. The cholesterol/saturated fatty acid index (CSI) determines the amount of cholesterol and saturated fatty acid (SFA) in people's dietary patterns and can affect the quality of sleep and circadian rhythm. However, to date, no studies have investigated the effect of this index on these two variables. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the relationship between CSI on circadian rhythm and sleep quality in obese and overweight women. METHOD This cross-sectional study included 378 adult women who were obese or overweight. Using accepted techniques, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure readings, and biochemical variables were evaluated. A validated and trustworthy semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ 147 items) was used to gauge dietary intake. The CSI was measured to find out how much cholesterol and saturated fats were in the diet. Additionally, to assess circadian rhythm and sleep quality, respectively, the valid morning-evening questionnaire (MEQ) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaires were utilized. RESULT The results of the multinomial logistic regression model of our analysis showed that a significant association was observed between circadian rhythm status with CSI score, and participants with one higher unit of CSI had a 7.3% more chance of being in the eveningness group than being in morningness category in the crude model (OR: 1.07; 95% CI 1.00, 1.14; P = 0.026). This association remains marginally significant when adjusting for age, energy intake, BMI, job status, thyroid, and smoking status (OR = 1.08; 95% CI 1.00, 1.16; P = 0.051). The binary logistic regression model showed that after controlling for potentially confounding variables, there was no significant association between sleep quality with CSI score, however, those with one higher unit of CSI had 1.6% more chance of having sleep problems (OR: 1.01; 95% CI 0.96, 1.06; P = 0.503). CONCLUSION Our results indicated a direct marginally significant association between CSI with evening type in overweight and obese women. Future studies are needed to clarify the precise link between circadian rhythm and sleep behavior with fatty acid quality index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Samadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Khadem
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Badrooj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Hassan Zadeh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Gholami
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Shiraseb F, Mirzababaei A, Daneshzad E, Khosravinia D, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. The association of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean diet with mental health, sleep quality and chronotype in women with overweight and obesity: a cross-sectional study. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:57. [PMID: 37395824 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental and sleep disorders are global public health problems, especially in Middle Eastern countries, and are significantly associated with circadian rhythm. This study sought to investigate the association between the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean diet scores and mental health, sleep quality, and circadian rhythm. METHODS We enrolled 266 overweight and obese women, and depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS) score, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Morning-Evening Questionnaire (MEQ), were assessed. The Mediterranean and DASH diet score was measured using a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The physical activity was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Analysis of variance and analysis of covariance, chi-square, and multinomial logistic regression tests were used as appropriate. RESULTS Our results showed that there was a significant inverse association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and mild and moderate anxiety scores (p < 0.05). In addition, there was an inverse association between adherence to the DASH diet and the risk of severe depression and extremely severe stress scores (p < 0.05). Moreover, higher adherence to both dietary scores was associated with good sleep quality (p < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between circadian rhythm and the DASH diet (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION A significant association exists between a DASH and Mediterranean diet with sleep status, mental health, and chronotype in women of childbearing age with obesity and overweight. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, Cross-sectional observational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Darya Khosravinia
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Mann C, Gorai S, Staubach-Renz P, Goldust M. Sleep disorders in dermatology - a comprehensive review. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023. [PMID: 37235517 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sleep is a normal physiological process that accounts for approximately one third of a person's life. Disruption of the normal sleep cycle, which maintains physiological homeostasis, can lead to pathology. It is not known whether sleep disturbance causes skin disease or skin disease causes sleep impairment, but a bidirectional influence is suspected. We have compiled the data from published articles on "sleep disorders in dermatology" in PubMed Central from July 2010 to July 2022 (with the option "full text available") and provide an overview of sleep disorders associated with dermatological conditions and certain drugs used in dermatology as well as sleep disturbances for which some drugs used can cause itch or dermatological issues. Atopic dermatitis, eczema and psoriasis have been shown to be exacerbated by sleep problems and vice versa. Sleep deprivation, night-time pruritus and disrupted sleep cycles are often used to assess treatment response and quality of life in these conditions. Some medications used primarily for dermatological conditions have also been associated with alterations in the sleep-wake cycle. Addressing patients sleep disorders should be an integral part of the management of dermatological conditions. More studies are needed to further investigate the influence of sleep and skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Mann
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Surajit Gorai
- Department of Dermatology, Apollo Multispeciality Hospital (formerly Gleneagles), Kolkata, India
| | | | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Pattar S, Shetty P, Shetty GB. IMPACT OF VEGETARIAN VERSUS NON-VEGETARIAN DIET ON HEALTH OUTCOMES IN MALE INDIVIDUALS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Khoshakhlagh AH, Al Sulaie S, Yazdanirad S, Orr RM, Dehdarirad H, Milajerdi A. Global prevalence and associated factors of sleep disorders and poor sleep quality among firefighters: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13250. [PMID: 36798763 PMCID: PMC9925976 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of sleep can affect the health and performance of firefighters. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the global prevalence of sleep disorders and poor sleep quality among firefighters and reported associated factors. Four academic databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase) were systematically searched from January 1, 2000 to January 24, 2022. These databases were selected as they are known to index studies in this field. The search algorithm included two groups of keywords and all possible combinations of these words. The first group included keywords related to sleep and the second group keywords related to the firefighting profession. The relevant Joanna Briggs Institute checklist was used to evaluate study quality. Data from eligible studies were included in a meta-analysis. In total, 47 articles informed this review. The pooled prevalence of sleep disorders and poor sleep quality in firefighters were determined as 30.49% (95% CI [25.90, 35.06]) and 51.43% (95% CI [42.76, 60.10]), respectively. The results of a subgroup analysis showed that individuals in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) had a higher prevalence of sleep disorders than those in high-income countries (HICs) but HICs had a higher prevalence of poor sleep quality than LMICs. Various factors, including shift work, mental health, injuries and pain, and body mass index were associated with sleep health. The findings of this review highlight the need for sleep health promotion programs in firefighters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Saleh Al Sulaie
- Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering in Al-Qunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeid Yazdanirad
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran,School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran,Corresponding author. Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Robin Marc Orr
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Hossein Dehdarirad
- Medical Library & Information Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Milajerdi
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institude for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Lesani A, Barkhidarian B, Jafarzadeh M, Akbarzade Z, Djafarian K, Shab-Bidar S. Time-related meal patterns and breakfast quality in a sample of Iranian adults. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:13. [PMID: 36647126 PMCID: PMC9841660 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00666-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some evidence shows that meal timing is associated with diet quality. We aimed to investigate the relationship between meal timing and breakfast quality in a sample of Iranian adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 850 men and women living in Tehran, Iran. Dietary data was recorded by three non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. The Breakfast Quality Index (BQI) was calculated. Time-related meal patterns included the interval between the first and last meal (eating and fasting window), frequency of meals, length of sleep, and time of first and last eating occasion. The multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the relationships between time-related meal patterns and BQI. RESULTS The mean (95% CI) of BQI was 4.52 (4.45-4.65) and the maximum was 8. Bread, cheese, vegetables, fruits, energy, and carbohydrate intake showed positive associations with BQI scores. Longer fasting time showed a positive association with fruits (β (CI 95%)) (0.11 (0.0003-0.005), and vegetable consumption (0.12 (0.009-0.07)) and BQI score (0.39 (0.001-0.06)). Time of first eating occasions indicated a negative association with protein and fat intake and BQI score. Time of last eating occasions showed a positive association with vegetables consumption and BQI score. The longer length of sleep was associated with a higher BQI score. The frequency of meals was significantly and positively related to energy and macronutrients intake and BQI. CONCLUSION Earlier first and last meal, longer sleep length, longer fasting window, and a greater meal frequency were associated with a better breakfast quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Lesani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Barkhidarian
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Jafarzadeh
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Akbarzade
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Park JH, Park H, Bae S, Kang J. Associations between the Timing and Nutritional Characteristics of Bedtime Meals and Sleep Quality for Nurses after a Rotating Night Shift: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1489. [PMID: 36674243 PMCID: PMC9859258 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of the timing and nutritional characteristics of bedtime meals with sleep quality in nurses after rotating night shifts. In total, 128 nurses from a university hospital in South Korea participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected on the first night of two or three consecutive routine night shifts. Participants recorded all food eaten before going to bed after work. An accelerometer was used to objectively measure sleep quality, and subjective sleep quality was assessed by self-report using the Korean version of the Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale. The associations of timing and nutritional characteristics of bedtime meals with sleep quality after night shifts were analyzed using multivariate linear regression. A short time interval between meals and sleep was associated with longer objectively measured total sleep time (β = -0.37, p = 0.002), and the proportion of protein in meals was associated with better objectively measured sleep efficiency (β = 0.31, p = 0.007). The shorter the time interval, the better the subjective sleep quality (β = -0.23, p = 0.048), and high-calorie meals were positively associated with subjective sleep quality (β = 0.23, p = 0.043). Based on our findings, we encourage nurses to have protein-rich meals after night shifts and reduce the delay between meals and sleep. Although high-calorie meals were shown to have a positive effect on subjective sleep quality, it is necessary to confirm this effect through additional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hoon Park
- Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuntae Park
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongryu Bae
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Kang
- College of Nursing, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
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Gaskell C, Sarada P, Aleem E, Bendriss G. Identifying lifestyle factors associated to co-morbidity of obesity and psychiatric disorders, a pilot study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1132994. [PMID: 37206863 PMCID: PMC10188954 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1132994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and psychiatric disorders are linked through a bidirectional association. Obesity rates have tripled globally in the past decades, and it is predicted that by 2025, one billion people will be affected by obesity, often with a co-morbidity such as depression. While this co-morbidity seems to be a global health issue, lifestyle factors associated to it differ between countries and are often attributed to more than one factor. Prior obesity studies were performed in Western populations; this is the first study that investigates lifestyle factors relating to obesity and mental health of the diverse population in Qatar, a country that has witnessed tremendous lifestyle change in a short time. In this pilot study, we surveyed 379 respondents to assess and compare the lifestyles of Qatar residents to the global population. However due to the high proportion of responses from the United Kingdom (UK) residents, we have made comparisons between Qatar residents and UK residents. We used chi-square analysis, spearman rank correlation and logistic regression to compare the lifestyle factors of individuals suffering from both increased BMI and mental health conditions. The types of food consumed, stress, exercise frequency and duration, alcohol and tobacco consumption, and sleep duration, were explored and results argue that different lifestyle factors can contribute to the same health condition, suggesting different mechanisms involved. We found that both groups reported similar sleep durations (p = 0.800), but that perception of sleep (p = 0.011), consumption of alcohol (p = 0.001), consumption of takeaway food (p = 0.007), and physical activity significantly varied between the groups (p = 0.0001). The study examined the predictors of comorbidity in Qatar as well as UK populations using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The result of the study showed no statistical association between comorbidity and the predictors drinking habit, smoking, physical activity, vegetable consumption, eat outs, and sleep perception for the Qatar population, and for the combined population. This study, however showed a significant association (p = 0.033) between sleep perception and comorbidity for the UK population. We conclude that further analysis is needed to understand the relationship between specific lifestyle factors and multimorbidity in each country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eiman Aleem
- Biomedical Science, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ghizlane Bendriss
- Premedical Division, Weill Cornell Medicine, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Ghizlane Bendriss,
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Park JY, Ko HJ, Song JE, Ji SM, Kim SY. Pet Insects May Improve Physical Performance and Sleep in Community-Dwelling Frail Elderly People with Chronic Diseases: A Single-Arm Interventional Pilot Study. Clin Interv Aging 2022; 17:1919-1929. [PMID: 36601357 PMCID: PMC9807014 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s387603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Animal-assisted intervention (AAI) is an effective intervention that improves the mental and physical health. However, few have examined the efficacy of pet insects as a form of AAI for prefrail and frail elderly. This study aimed to ascertain the effects of pet insects on physical performance and psychological health in community-dwelling frail elderly individuals with a chronic disease. Patients and Methods This study was an 8 week prospective single-arm interventional pilot study that enrolled prefrail and frail community-dwelling adults aged 70 years and older, all of whom had a chronic disease and attended a daycare facility. Pet insects and appropriate equipment were provided, and supporting programs were used to educate participants about how to rear the insects and how to get close to them. Pre- and post-interventional physical and psychological functions were evaluated. Results A total of 23 subjects (mean age, 82.78 years) were enrolled in the final analysis. The timed up-and-go-test (TUG) was used to measure functional mobility, and grip strength was used as a measure of muscle strength; both showed significant changes after the 8-week intervention (Δ = -0.35±0.73 sec, P = 0.034; and Δ = 0.73±0.99 kg, P = 0.002, respectively). In addition, the insomnia severity index (ISI) and average sleep duration improved significantly (Δ = -2.91±5.64, P = -0.021; and Δ = 0.87±1.98, P = 0.047, respectively). There were no significant changes in the results of other psychometric tests. Logistic regression analysis using the forward stepwise selection method revealed that the baseline ISI score and the absence of other comorbidities were significantly associated with the probability of positive changes in both the TUG and HS tests after the intervention. Conclusion Pet insects may be an effective and easily applicable type of AAI, which improves physical function and sleep in prefrail and frail elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hae-Jin Ko
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea,Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea,Correspondence: Hae-Jin Ko, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, Korea, Tel +82-53-200-6578, Fax +82-53-200-5480, Email
| | - Ji-Eun Song
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang-Min Ji
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea
| | - So-Yun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Korea
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Enderami A, Afshari M, Kheradmand M, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Hosseini SH, Moosazadeh M. Sleep profile status based on substance use, lipids and demographic variables in Tabari cohort study. Sleep Med X 2022; 4:100048. [PMID: 35592644 PMCID: PMC9112032 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2022.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the situation of sleep profile and its related factors in the Tabari Cohort Tabari (TCS) population. METHODS The information of 10255 of the Tabari cohort population in the enrolment phase was used in this study. The sleep profile data was collected and recorded by trained questioners. The sleep duration in day & night, the time interval between going bed and falling asleep, continuous use of sedatives, involuntary nap, limb hypermobility during sleep and shift working were determined for each person. Data analysis was performed by independent T test and Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS Mean, standard deviation, median, minimum and maximum of sleep duration in this population were 7.6, 1.6, 7.5, 0.5 and 17 h. Frequency of sleeping less than 6 h, 6-10 h and more than 10 h were 1168(11.4%), 8463(82.5%) and 624(6.1%) respectively. Prevalence of sleeping more than 10 h among men and women were 5% and 6.8% respectively (P < 0.001). Prevalence of sedative routine use among men and women were 4.7% and 9.6% respectively (P < 0.001). There were significant relationships between sleep duration and area residence, age group (P < 0.001), education level (P < 0.001), socioeconomic level (P < 0.001), triglyceride (P = 0.002), HDL-cholesterol (P = 0.013) and Cholesterol total (P = 0.021). There was a negative correlation between age and sleep duration (r = -0.062, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The results showed the association of the quality and quantity of sleep with personal, social, environmental and biological factors such as gender, age, economic status, educational status, and lipid profile. Therefore without proper intervention, the incidence of outcomes associated with these risk factors can be predicted in TCS In later years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Enderami
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Afshari
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Motahareh Kheradmand
- Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Alizadeh-Navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Eid SW, Brown RF, Maloney SK, Birmingham CL. Can the relationship between overweight/obesity and sleep quality be explained by affect and behaviour? Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2821-2834. [PMID: 35790669 PMCID: PMC9556342 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep impairment is reported to be a consequence of overweight and obesity. However, the weight-sleep relationship can alternately be explained by demographics (e.g. age) and covariates (i.e. mood/affect and behaviour in overweight/obese people; e.g. night-eating). Thus, we examined the weight-sleep quality relationship after controlling for the effects of affect and common behaviour (i.e. night-eating, insufficient exercise, alcohol and electronic device use). METHODS Online questionnaires asked 161 overweight, obese or normal-weight participants about their sleep quality, night-eating, physical activity, alcohol use, electronic device use and anxiety and depression at T0 (baseline) and T1 (3 months later). Height and weight and waist and hip circumference were objectively measured at T0 and T1, and physical activity was assessed over 24 h (using actigraphy) at T0 and T1. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses evaluated whether the weight measures (i.e. body-mass-index [BMI], waist-to-hip ratio [WHR] and obesity category [overweight/obese vs. normal-weight]) predicted sleep quality and its components at T0 and T1, after controlling demographics (at step 1) and covariates (affective distress and behaviour) at step 2, and entering weight measures at step 3; maximum 8 variables in the analyses. RESULTS High BMI predicted several aspects of sleep quality after taking into account co-existing behaviour, affect and demographics: sleep disturbances at T0 and lower sleep efficiency at T1. WHR and obesity category did not predict any aspects of sleep quality. Several co-existing behaviour were related to or predicted sleep quality score and aspects of sleep quality including night-eating, alcohol use and electronic device use and affective symptoms (i.e. anxiety, depression). CONCLUSION Results suggest that a person's weight may impact on their sleep quality above and beyond the effects of their co-existing behaviour and affect, although their co-existing behaviour and affect may also adversely impact on sleep quality. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, evidence obtained from well-designed cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Eid
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. .,Research School of Psychology, ANU College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia. .,, Unit 3 55 Rosehill Street, Parramatta, NSW, 2150, Australia.
| | - R F Brown
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - S K Maloney
- University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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Benton D, Bloxham A, Gaylor C, Brennan A, Young HA. Carbohydrate and sleep: An evaluation of putative mechanisms. Front Nutr 2022; 9:933898. [PMID: 36211524 PMCID: PMC9532617 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.933898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep problems are extremely common in industrialized countries and the possibility that diet might be used to improve sleep has been considered. The topic has been reviewed many times, resulting in the frequent suggestion that carbohydrate increases the uptake of tryptophan by the brain, where it is metabolized into serotonin and melatonin, with the suggestion that this improves sleep. An alternative mechanism was proposed based on animal literature that has been largely ignored by those considering diet and sleep. The hypothesis was that, as in the hypothalamus there are glucose-sensing neurons associated with the sleep-wake cycle, we should consider the impact of carbohydrate-induced changes in the level of blood glucose. A meta-analysis found that after consuming a lower amount of carbohydrate, more time was spent in slow-wave sleep (SWS) and less in rapid-eye-movement sleep. As the credibility of alternative mechanisms has tended not to have been critically evaluated, they were considered by examining their biochemical, nutritional, and pharmacological plausibility. Although high carbohydrate consumption can increase the uptake of tryptophan by the brain, it only occurs with such low levels of protein that the mechanism is not relevant to a normal diet. After entering the brain tryptophan is converted to serotonin, a neurotransmitter known to influence so many different aspects of sleep and wakefulness, that it is not reasonable to expect a uniform improvement in sleep. Some serotonin is converted to melatonin, although the exogenous dose of melatonin needed to influence sleep cannot be credibly provided by the diet. This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42020223560).
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Lee H, Kim J, Moon J, Jung S, Jo Y, Kim B, Ryu E, Bahn S. A study on the changes in life habits, mental health, and sleep quality of college students due to COVID-19. Work 2022; 73:777-786. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-220112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In early 2020, the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic necessitated changes in social behavior to prevent its spread, including holding online classes, implementing social distancing, and allowing employees to telecommute. However, these changes have had a negative impact on people’s sleep patterns and mental health, particularly for college students. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the relationship between mental health and sleep quality according to the changes in lifestyle of college students in the periods before and after COVID-19. METHODS: The study subjects were 164 college students from Korea who had both face-to-face and non-face-to-face college experiences before and after COVID-19. The experiment was conducted using a Google survey, and the participants were recruited from the college community. The general features and lifestyle habits for the individuals were assessed using the AUDIT-K, Delphi method, KGHQ (General Mental Health Scale), and PSQI-K (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index). RESULTS: The KGHQ and PSQI scores increased with the spread of COVID-19, which means that the mental health and sleep quality of college students deteriorated. 11 categories of variables were further investigated to evaluate changes in lifestyle, and the results indicate significant changes in the number of private meetings per week, monthly drinking, outdoor activity time, electronic device usage time, weekly food delivery, weekly late-night snacks, daily snacks, and daily coffee intake and no significant changes in exercise, smoking, and fast food intake. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 caused many changes in the lifestyle of college students, which adversely affected mental health and sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejoo Lee
- Industrial and Management System Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Kim
- Industrial and Management System Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihwan Moon
- Industrial and Management System Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyeop Jung
- Industrial and Management System Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Younhwan Jo
- Industrial and Management System Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongmin Kim
- Industrial and Management System Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunseo Ryu
- Industrial and Management System Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Bahn
- Industrial and Management System Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Xu X, Zheng F, Cai Y, Lin J, Zeng Z, Wei S, Wu S. Sleep health and its related influencing factors in primary and middle school students in Fuzhou: A large multi-center cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:924741. [PMID: 35991023 PMCID: PMC9386349 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.924741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This current study set out to investigate the status of sleep health in 7–20-year-old students in Fuzhou and explore the related influencing factors of sleep health. Methods A total of 38,467 children and adolescents in Fuzhou were included in the study through a random stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected from May to June 2019, in 18 primary schools and 18 middle schools from nine districts, Fuzhou. Children's parents and adolescents of sampled classes were invited to fill out a series of questionnaires about the performance of the last 6 months (sociodemographic characteristics, sleep-related lifestyle behaviors, and electronic-products usage). Multiple linear regression was carried out to analyze data. Results Of the total 40,888 questionnaires we released, 38,467 were valid and effective with the response rate was 94.08%. The age of the surveyed participants was 11.85 ± 3.1, including 20,013 boys and 18,454 girls. The multiple linear regression analysis identified factors associated with sleep health (p < 0.05): Boy (coef = 0.073, 95% CI: 0.030–0.115), age (coef = 1.797, 95% CI: 0.224–0.243), key school (coef = 2.069, 95% CI: 0.105–0.193), urban (coef = 0.096, 95% CI: 0.054–0.139), excessive daytime sleepiness (coef = 0.535, 95% CI: 0.432–0.639), unhealthy sleep habits (coef = 0.363, 95% CI: 0.307–0.419), eating before sleep (coef = 0.578, 95% CI: 0.527–0.630), using electronic products in bedroom (coef = 0.074, 95% CI: 0.028–0.121), screen time per day during school (coef = 0.260, 95% CI: 0.235–0.284), frequency of using electronics 30 min before bedtime (coef = 0.150, 95% CI: 0.134–0.166), strained relationship with parents (coef = 0.361, 95% CI: 0.270–0.452), strained relationship with peers (coef = 0.267, 95% CI: 0.171–0.363), excessive homework or learning (coef = 0.189, 95% CI: 0.141–0.237), time for doing homework (coef = 0.266, 95% CI: 0.245–0.287), and mood swings frequently (coef = 1.174, 95% CI: 1.127–1.221) negatively impact sleep health. Sleep alone (coef = −0.204, 95% CI: −0.262–0.147) were the risk factors for sleep health. Furthermore, frequent mood swings was considered the most influential factor on overall variables. Conclusions Sleep health is associated with factors covered sociodemographic characteristics, family sleep habits, and routine activities before bedtime. Multiple measures should be taken to improve sleep quality in a targeted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fuhao Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Office of Academic Research, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingying Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- The Second Attached Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhaonan Zeng
- Center for Experimental Research in Clinical Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shichao Wei
- Sleep Medicine Center, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shichao Wei
| | - Siying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Siying Wu
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Khorasaniha R, Sotoudeh G, Milajerdi A, Khajehnasiri F. The relationship between dietary patterns and sleep disorders in shift workers. Work 2022; 73:667-673. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-210516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Few studies have been done on the association of dietary intakes with sleep disorders among shift workers, in particular those exposed to air pollution. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the association of major dietary patterns with risk of sleep disorders in shift workers of a cement factory. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 257 male shift workers in a cement factory in Iran. Usual dietary intake of participants was assessed using a validated self-administrated 147-item dish-based food frequency questionnaire. To examine sleep disturbances of participants, we used the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. RESULTS: Three major dietary patterns including Classic Iranian, Modern Iranian, and High Protein Low Fruit and vegetables were identified. The Classic Iranian pattern was mainly consisted of high-protein animal foods, fruit, and vegetables, while the Modern Iranian pattern had high amounts of refined grains, solid oils, and caffeine drinks. No significant association was found between adherence to the Classic Iranian pattern and risk of sleep disorders (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 0.69, 7.81) and also for the Modern Iranian dietary pattern (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.20, 1.93). However, we found a significant direct association between the High Protein Low Fruit and vegetables dietary pattern and risk of sleep disorders (OR: 3.92; 95% CI: 1.03, 14.86). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a significant direct association between a dietary pattern high in animal proteins and solid oils and low in fruit and vegetables with risk of sleep disorders among shift workers in the cement factory. However, no such association was found for the two other dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reihaneh Khorasaniha
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gity Sotoudeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Milajerdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Khajehnasiri
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Late chronotypes, late mealtimes. Chrononutrition and sleep habits during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. Appetite 2022; 172:105951. [PMID: 35092744 PMCID: PMC9356714 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The emerging field of chrononutrition provides useful information on how we manage food intake across the day. The COVID-19 emergency, and the corresponding restrictive measures, produced an unprecedented change in individual daily rhythms, possibly including the distribution of mealtimes. Designed as a cross-sectional study based on an online survey, this study aims to assess the chrononutrition profiles (Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire, CP-Q) in a sample of 1298 Italian participants, during the first COVID-19 lockdown, and to explore the relationship with chronotype (reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, rMEQ), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) and socio-demographics. Our findings confirm a change in eating habits for 58% of participants, in terms of mealtimes or content of meals. Being an evening chronotype and experiencing poor sleep imply a higher likelihood of changing eating habits, including a delay in the timing of meals. Also, under these unprecedented circumstances, we report that the timing of breakfast is a valuable proxy capable of estimating the chronotype. From a public health perspective, the adoption of this straightforward and low-cost proxy of chronotype might help in the early detection of vulnerable subgroups in the general population, eventually useful during prolonged stressful conditions, as the one caused by COVID-19 pandemic.
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Choi Y, Son B, Shin WC, Nam SU, Lee J, Lim J, Kim S, Yang C, Lee H. Association of Dietary Behaviors with Poor Sleep Quality and Increased Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Korean Military Service Members. Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:1737-1751. [PMID: 36187326 PMCID: PMC9521233 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s378564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep quality among military service members is important for enhancing their capabilities and preventing psychiatric problems. We aimed to explore the association of dietary behaviors with poor sleep quality and increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in military men on active duty. PATIENTS AND METHODS A large-scale multi-site cross-sectional survey was conducted in five units of the Republic of Korea's army. Poor sleep quality and increased risk of OSA were defined using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Berlin Questionnaire, respectively. Information on dietary behaviors, including the frequency of skipping breakfast, eating snacks, consuming a night meal, and overeating, were collected. RESULTS From August 2021 to September 2021, 4389 male respondents, mean age (20.8 ± 1.3 years), completed the survey; 2579 (58.8%) were assessed as having poor sleep quality, and 614 (14.0%) increased risk of OSA. After adjusting for lifestyle and occupational covariates, skipping breakfast 1-2 times weekly was associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing poor sleep quality, compared with not skipping breakfast (odds ratio: 1.23 [95% CI 1.02-1.47]). Eating night meals 5-6 times weekly was also associated with poor sleep quality (odds ratio: 5.54 [95% CI 2.49-14.18]). In addition, skipping breakfast daily (odds ratio: 2.28 [95% CI 1.27-4.03]) and eating night meals daily (odds ratio: 2.30 [95% CI 1.21-4.22]) were related to an increased risk of OSA. CONCLUSION Dietary behaviors appear to be related to poor sleep quality and a high risk of OSA. To improve sleep quality, dietary factors could be considered when promoting health programs for military personnel in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Choi
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byunwoo Son
- Combined Dispensary, 7th Corps, Republic of Korea Army, Icheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Chul Shin
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Company, 1st Airborne Special Forces Brigade, Republic of Korea Army, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Uk Nam
- 28th Division, Republic of Korea Army, Yangju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehong Lee
- Medical Corps, The Capital Defense Command, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoong Lim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Wonkwang University Gwangju Korean Medicine Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungha Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsop Yang
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonhoon Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,9th Division, Republic of Korea Army, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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Evening Whey Protein Intake, Rich in Tryptophan, and Sleep in Elite Male Australian Rules Football Players on Training and Nontraining Days. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2021; 32:82-88. [PMID: 34875624 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2021-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of evening whey protein supplementation, rich in tryptophan, on sleep in elite male Australian Rules Football players. DESIGN Double-blinded, counterbalanced, randomized, cross-over study. METHODS Sleep was assessed using wrist activity monitors and sleep diaries in 15 elite male Australian Football League players on two training and nontraining days following evening consumption of an isocaloric whey protein supplement or placebo in preseason. A 5-day preintervention period was implemented to determine habitual dietary intake and baseline sleep measures. These habitual data were used to inform the daily dietary intake and timing of ingestion of the evening whey protein supplement or placebo on the intervention days. The whey protein supplement or placebo was consumed 3 hr prior to habitual bedtime. RESULTS Separate one-way repeated-measures analyses of covariance revealed no differences between the whey protein supplement and the placebo on sleep duration, sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, or wake after sleep onset on either training or nontraining days. CONCLUSIONS Evening whey protein supplementation, rich in tryptophan, does not improve acute sleep duration or quality in elite male Australian Football League players. However, elite athletes may be able to ingest a high protein/energy intake close to bedtime without impairing sleep, which is important for athlete recovery. Future research should investigate the effect of evening protein intake, high in tryptophan, on sleep duration and quality, including sleep staging during periods of restricted sleep and in poor-sleeping athletes.
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Condo D, Lastella M, Aisbett B, Stevens A, Roberts S. Sleep duration and quality are associated with nutrient intake in elite female athletes. J Sci Med Sport 2021; 25:345-350. [PMID: 34952801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sleep is important for athlete health and performance; however, the relationship between diet and sleep in elite female athletes is not well understood. This study examined associations between energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes, and sleep in elite female Australian footballers. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Thirty-two players had their diet and sleep monitored for 10 consecutive days during pre-season. Sleep was monitored using activity monitors and sleep diaries. Sleep outcomes included sleep duration, sleep onset latency (SOL), wake time after sleep onset (WASO), and sleep efficiency (SE). Dietary intake was monitored using the smartphone applications Easy Diet Diary and FoodWorks. Relationships between nutrient intake and sleep were assessed using Generalised Estimating Equations. RESULTS For each 1-g·kg-1 increase in carbohydrate intake, WASO increased by 3.6 min (p = 0.007) and SE decreased by 0.6% (p = 0.007). For each 1-g increase in daily saturated fat intake, SOL decreased by 0.27 min (p = 0.030). For each 1-mg increase in iron intake, sleep duration increased by 0.55 min (p < 0.001). For each 1-mg increase in zinc intake, SE increased by 0.23% (p = 0.006). For each 1-μg increase in vitamin B12 intake, WASO decreased by 1.72 min (p < 0.02) and SE increased by 0.40% (p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Nutrient intake in elite female athletes is associated with sleep and may contribute to sleep problems. Research should explore causal relationships between nutrient intake and sleep, and the efficacy of dietary interventions for improving sleep in female athletes with nutrient deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Condo
- Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Australia
| | - Michele Lastella
- Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, Australia
| | - Brad Aisbett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Australia
| | - Alysha Stevens
- Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Australia
| | - Spencer Roberts
- Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Australia.
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Saidi O, Rochette E, Del Sordo G, Doré É, Merlin É, Walrand S, Duché P. Eucaloric Balanced Diet Improved Objective Sleep in Adolescents with Obesity. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103550. [PMID: 34684551 PMCID: PMC8537106 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A better understanding of the influence of energy balance on sleep in adolescents, particularly those with obesity, could help develop strategies to optimize sleep in these populations. The purpose of this study was to investigate sleep under ad libitum-vs-controlled diets adjusted to energy requirement (eucaloric) among adolescents with obesity and their normal weight controls. Methods: Twenty-eight male adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years, n = 14 adolescents with obesity (OB: BMI ≥ 90th centile) and n = 14 normal weight age matched controls (NW), completed an experimental protocol comprising ad libitum or eucaloric meals for three days, in random order. During the third night of each condition, they underwent in home polysomnography (PSG). Results: An interaction effect of energy intake (EI) was detected (p < 0.001). EI was higher during ad libitum compared to the eucaloric condition (p < 0.001) and in OB compared to NW (p < 0.001) in the absence of any substantial modification to macronutrient proportions. Analyses of energy intake distribution throughout the day showed a significant interaction with both a condition and group effect during lunch and dinner. Sleep improvements were noted in OB group during the eucaloric condition compared to ad libitum with reduced sleep onset latency and N1 stage. Sleep improvements were correlated to reduced EI, especially during the evening meal. Conclusion: Simply adjusting dietary intake to energy requirement and reducing the energy proportion of the evening meal could have therapeutic effects on sleep in adolescents with obesity. However, positive energy balance alone cannot justify worsened sleep among adolescents with obesity compared to normal weight counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Saidi
- Laboratory Impact of Physical Activity on Health (IAPS), Toulon University, F-83000 Toulon, France; (O.S.); (E.R.); (G.D.S.)
- Laboratory of Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, F-63170 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- Regional Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH Auvergne), F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emmanuelle Rochette
- Laboratory Impact of Physical Activity on Health (IAPS), Toulon University, F-83000 Toulon, France; (O.S.); (E.R.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- INSERM, CIC 1405, CRECHE Unit, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Auvergne University, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Giovanna Del Sordo
- Laboratory Impact of Physical Activity on Health (IAPS), Toulon University, F-83000 Toulon, France; (O.S.); (E.R.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Éric Doré
- Laboratory of Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, F-63170 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- Regional Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH Auvergne), F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Étienne Merlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- INSERM, CIC 1405, CRECHE Unit, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Auvergne University, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphane Walrand
- INRAE, UNH, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Auvergne University, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Pascale Duché
- Laboratory Impact of Physical Activity on Health (IAPS), Toulon University, F-83000 Toulon, France; (O.S.); (E.R.); (G.D.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)-652-1838-91
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Eating habits are associated with subjective sleep quality outcomes among university students: findings of a cross-sectional study. Sleep Breath 2021; 26:1365-1376. [PMID: 34613509 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-021-02506-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the relationships between eating habits and sleep quality among university students. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, university students completed a self-report questionnaire to assess eating habits and meal timing. We assessed subjective sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and examined the associations between eating habits and overall sleep quality and its components. RESULTS Four hundred ninety-eight students participated in the study. Students who used to skip breakfast, ate late-night snacks, and replaced meals with snacks were at 1.20 times, 1.24 times, and 1.25 times higher likelihood of having poor overall sleep quality, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that skipping breakfast (r = - 0.111, P = 0.007), late-night snacks (r = - 0.109, P = 0.007), replacing meals with snacks (r = - 0.126, P = 0.002), and irregular mealtimes (r = - 0.094, P = 0.018) were the best correlates with poor sleep quality. After adjustment to demographic variables, replacing meals with snacks followed by skipping breakfast were the best independent associations with poor sleep quality by the PSQI. CONCLUSIONS Eating habits and meal timing were significantly associated with sleep quality. We speculate that healthy eating habits may lead to improved sleep quality and sleep components among university students.
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Trabelsi K, Ammar A, Masmoudi L, Boukhris O, Chtourou H, Bouaziz B, Brach M, Bentlage E, How D, Ahmed M, Mueller P, Mueller N, Hsouna H, Romdhani M, Hammouda O, Paineiras-Domingos LL, Braakman-Jansen A, Wrede C, Bastoni S, Pernambuco CS, Mataruna-Dos-Santos LJ, Taheri M, Irandoust K, Khacharem A, Bragazzi NL, Strahler J, Adrian Washif J, Andreeva A, Bailey SJ, Acton J, Mitchell E, Bott NT, Gargouri F, Chaari L, Batatia H, khoshnami SC, Samara E, Zisi V, Sankar P, Ahmed WN, Ali GM, Abdelkarim O, Jarraya M, El Abed K, Moalla W, Souissi N, Aloui A, Souissi N, Gemert-Pijnen LV, Riemann BL, Riemann L, Delhey J, Gómez-Raja J, Epstein M, Sanderman R, Schulz S, Jerg A, Al-Horani R, Mansi T, Dergaa I, Jmail M, Barbosa F, Ferreira-Santos F, Šimunič B, Pišot R, Pišot S, Gaggioli A, Steinacker J, Zmijewski P, Clark CC, Apfelbacher C, Glenn JM, Saad HB, Chamari K, Driss T, Hoekelmann A. Globally altered sleep patterns and physical activity levels by confinement in 5056 individuals: ECLB COVID-19 international online survey. Biol Sport 2021; 38:495-506. [PMID: 34937958 PMCID: PMC8670812 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2021.101605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Symptoms of psychological distress and disorder have been widely reported in people under quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic; in addition to severe disruption of peoples' daily activity and sleep patterns. This study investigates the association between physical-activity levels and sleep patterns in quarantined individuals. An international Google online survey was launched in April 6th, 2020 for 12-weeks. Forty-one research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia, and the Americas promoted the survey through their networks to the general society, which was made available in 14 languages. The survey was presented in a differential format with questions related to responses "before" and "during" the confinement period. Participants responded to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. 5056 replies (59.4% female), from Europe (46.4%), Western-Asia (25.4%), America (14.8%) and North-Africa (13.3%) were analysed. The COVID-19 home confinement led to impaired sleep quality, as evidenced by the increase in the global PSQI score (4.37 ± 2.71 before home confinement vs. 5.32 ± 3.23 during home confinement) (p < 0.001). The frequency of individuals experiencing a good sleep decreased from 61% (n = 3063) before home confinement to 48% (n = 2405) during home confinement with highly active individuals experienced better sleep quality (p < 0.001) in both conditions. Time spent engaged in all physical-activity and the metabolic equivalent of task in each physical-activity category (i.e., vigorous, moderate, walking) decreased significantly during COVID-19 home confinement (p < 0.001). The number of hours of daily-sitting increased by ~2 hours/days during home confinement (p < 0.001). COVID-19 home confinement resulted in significantly negative alterations in sleep patterns and physical-activity levels. To maintain health during home confinement, physical-activity promotion and sleep hygiene education and support are strongly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
| | - Liwa Masmoudi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Omar Boukhris
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Bassem Bouaziz
- Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Michael Brach
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ellen Bentlage
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniella How
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mona Ahmed
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Patrick Mueller
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Notger Mueller
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hsen Hsouna
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Romdhani
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
| | | | | | - Christian Wrede
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherland
| | - Sophia Bastoni
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherland
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Morteza Taheri
- Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Irandoust
- Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Aïmen Khacharem
- UVHC, DeVisu, Valenciennes ; LIRTES-EA 7313. Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne, France
| | - Nicola L Bragazzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Jana Strahler
- Department of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Jad Adrian Washif
- Sports Performance Division, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Albina Andreeva
- Department of Sports Biomechanics, Moscow Center of Advanced Sport Technologies, 129272 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stephen J Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough E11 3TU, UK
| | - Jarred Acton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough E11 3TU, UK
| | - Emma Mitchell
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough E11 3TU, UK
| | - Nicholas T Bott
- Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Faiez Gargouri
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lotfi Chaari
- Computer science department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT, Toulouse, France
| | - Hadj Batatia
- Computer science department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Vasiliki Zisi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Parasanth Sankar
- Consultant in internal medicine and diabetes, MGM muthoot hospitals pathanamthitta, Kerala, India 689645
| | - Waseem N Ahmed
- Consultant family physician, CRAFT hospital and research centre, Kodungallur, Kerala, India
| | | | - Osama Abdelkarim
- Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Institute for Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruher, Germany
| | - Mohamed Jarraya
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Kais El Abed
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Moalla
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nafaa Souissi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Asma Aloui
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Bryan L Riemann
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | | | - Jan Delhey
- Institute of Social Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Gómez-Raja
- FundeSalud, Dept. of Health and Social Services, Government of Extremadura, Merida, Spain
| | | | - Robbert Sanderman
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Schulz
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg, Germany
| | - Achim Jerg
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg, Germany
| | - Ramzi Al-Horani
- Department of Exercise Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Taysir Mansi
- Faculty of Physical Education, The University of Jordan, Jordan
| | | | | | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Ferreira-Santos
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Rado Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Saša Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Garibaldijeva 1, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Andrea Gaggioli
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart I UNICATT, Milano, Italy
| | - Jürgen Steinacker
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Leimgrubenweg, Germany
| | - Piotr Zmijewski
- Institute of Sport - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cain C.T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Christian Apfelbacher
- Institute for Social Medicine and Health Economy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jordan M Glenn
- Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Hôpital Farhat Hached de Sousse, Laboratoire de Recherche “Insuffisance Cardiaque”, Université de Sousse, Sousse LR12SP09, Tunisie
| | - Karim Chamari
- ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar and Laboratory ‘’Sport Performance Optimization’’, (CNMSS); ISSEP Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Tunisia
| | - Tarak Driss
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
| | - Anita Hoekelmann
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
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Uçar C, Özgöçer T, Yıldız S. Effects of late-night eating of easily-or slowly-digestible meals on sleep, hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, and autonomic nervous system in healthy young males. Stress Health 2021; 37:640-649. [PMID: 33426778 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Aim of the current study was to assess the effects of the digestibility of late-night high calorie meal on sleep and the activities of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and autonomous nervous system (ANS) in healthy young males. For that purpose, effects of an easily digestible meal (starch + sugar-rich meal, SSR, i.e., dessert) or a slowly digestible meal (protein + fat-rich, PFR, i.e. kebab) were investigated in a crossover design in 16 participants (20-26 year old). They did not eat anything after 07:00 PM on Day 0; had an SSR meal on Day 1 and a PFR meal on Day 2 at 10:00 PM. HPA and ANS activities were measured by cortisol awakening response (CAR) and heart rate variability (HRV), respectively. The participants provided salivary samples for CAR; had a 5-min continuous electrocardiogram recording for HRV; and filled in sleep questionnaires. Late-night eating of SSR and PFR diets increased the area under the curve of CAR (p < 0.05) but did not affect HRV parameters (p > 0.05). PFR meal significantly disturbed sleep (p < 0.05). The data suggests that increased activity of HPA, but not ANS, might be involved in pathophysiology of late-night eating and that this might be due to disturbed sleep if slowly-digestible meal is consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihat Uçar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Adıyaman, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Tuba Özgöçer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Harran, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Sedat Yıldız
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Inonu, Malatya, Turkey
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Iao SI, Jansen E, Shedden K, O’Brien LM, Chervin RD, Knutson KL, Dunietz GL. Associations between bedtime eating or drinking, sleep duration and wake after sleep onset: findings from the American time use survey. Br J Nutr 2021; 127:1-10. [PMID: 34511160 PMCID: PMC9092657 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521003597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sleep hygiene recommendations discourage eating before bedtime; however, the impact of mealtime on sleep has been inconsistent. We examined gender-stratified associations between eating or drinking <1, <2 and <3 h before bedtime, sleep duration and wake after sleep onset (WASO >30 min). This study utilised 2003-2018 data from the American Time Use Survey, a nationally representative sample of USA residents aged ≥15 years. Participants recorded weekday/weekend activities during a 24-h period. Age-specific sleep duration and WASO were estimated categorically and continuously. Eating or drinking were identified from all activities recorded <1, <2 and <3 h before bedtime. Mean ± se sleep duration was 8·0 ± 0·006 h, and 6% of participants ate or drank <1 h prior to weekdays bedtime. Overall, eating or drinking <1 h prior to bedtime was associated with longer weekdays sleep duration. Women and men who ate or drank <1 h before bedtime, v. those who did not, had 35 min (95% CI (30,39)) and 25 min (95 % CI (21,29)) longer sleep duration, respectively, as well as increased odds of WASO; women (OR=2·03, 95% CI (1·66,2·49)) and men (OR=2·64, 95% CI (2·08,3·36)). As the interval of eating or drinking prior to bedtime expanded, odds of short and long sleep durations and WASO decreased. This population-based data linked eating or drinking <1 h before bedtime to longer sleep duration, but increased WASO. Eating or drinking further from bedtime lowers the odds of short and long sleep duration and WASO. Causal pathways are difficult to discern, though inefficient sleep after late-night eating could increase WASO and trigger compensatory increases in sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su I Iao
- Department of Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erica Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kerby Shedden
- Department of Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Louise M. O’Brien
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ronald D. Chervin
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kristen L. Knutson
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Galit Levi Dunietz
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Groth SW, Fernandez ID, Block RC, Thurston SW, Wong E, Brunner J, Mayo N, Kapula N, Yu Y, Meng Y, Yeh KL, Kinkade CW, Thornburg LL, O’Connor TG, Barrett ES. Biological changes in the pregnancy-postpartum period and subsequent cardiometabolic risk-UPSIDE MOMS: A research protocol. Res Nurs Health 2021; 44:608-619. [PMID: 33993510 PMCID: PMC8378197 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Multiple physiological changes occur in pregnancy as a woman's body adapts to support the growing fetus. These pregnancy-induced changes are essential for fetal growth, but the extent to which they reverse after pregnancy remains in question. For some women, physiological changes persist after pregnancy and may increase long-term cardiometabolic disease risk. The National Institutes of Health-funded study described in this protocol addresses a scientific gap by characterizing weight and biological changes during pregnancy and an extended postpartum period in relation to cardiometabolic risk. We use a longitudinal repeated measures design to prospectively examine maternal health from early pregnancy until 3 years postpartum. The aims are: (1) identify maternal weight profiles in the pregnancy-postpartum period that predict adverse cardiometabolic risk profiles three years postpartum; (2) describe immune, endocrine, and metabolic biomarker profiles in the pregnancy-postpartum period, and determine their associations with cardiometabolic risk; and (3) determine how modifiable postpartum health behaviors (diet, physical activity, breastfeeding, sleep, stress) (a) predict weight and cardiometabolic risk in the postpartum period; and (b) moderate associations between postpartum weight retention and downstream cardiometabolic risk. The proposed sample is 250 women. This study of mothers is conducted in conjunction with the Understanding Pregnancy Signals and Infant Development study, which examines child health outcomes. Biological and behavioral data are collected in each trimester and at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months postpartum. Findings will inform targeted health strategies that promote health and reduce cardiometabolic risk in childbearing women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan W Groth
- University of Rochester, School of Nursing, Rochester NY
| | - I Diana Fernandez
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Public Health Sciences
| | - Robert C Block
- University of Rochester, Departments of Public Health Sciences, Cardiology, and Medicine
| | - Sally W Thurston
- University of Rochester, Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology
| | - Eunyoung Wong
- University of Rochester, School of Nursing, Rochester NY
| | - Jessica Brunner
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Nicole Mayo
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Public Health Sciences
| | - Ntemena Kapula
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Yang Yu
- University of Rochester, School of Nursing, Rochester NY
| | - Ying Meng
- University of Rochester, School of Nursing, Rochester NY
| | - Kuan-Lin Yeh
- University of Rochester, School of Nursing, Rochester NY
| | - Carolyn W Kinkade
- Rutgers University, Exposure Science and Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute
| | - Loralei L Thornburg
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Thomas G O’Connor
- University of Rochester, Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, Neuroscience, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Wynne Center for Family Research
| | - Emily S Barrett
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Rutgers University, Exposure Science and Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute
- Rutgers School of Public Health, Biostatistics and Epidemiology
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A Comparison of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Disrupting Behavior, and Stress/Affective Distress as Predictors of Sleep as Indexed by Actigraphy. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:937-948. [PMID: 34130259 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several behaviors have been reported to interfere with sleep in otherwise healthy adults, including low physical activity (PA) levels. However, few studies have compared low PA with the other behavioral risk factors of objective sleep impairment, despite the behavior tending to cooccur in highly stressed and affectively distressed individuals. Thus, the authors compared objective and subjective measures of PA and other potential sleep disrupting behaviors as predictors of objective sleep (sleep onset latency, actual sleep time, total sleep duration, awake time, and sleep efficacy) at baseline (T1) and 3 months later (T2). METHODS A community-derived sample of 161 people aged 18-65 years were asked about PA, other behavior (ie, night eating, electronic device use, watching television, caffeine and alcohol use), stress, affective distress (ie, anxiety, depression), and demographics including shift work and parenting young children in an online questionnaire at T1 and T2. PA and sleep were also monitored for 24 hours each at T1 and T2 using actigraphy. RESULTS Multiple regression analyses indicated that sleep at T1 was associated with PA (ie, total number of steps, metabolic equivalents/time, time spent travelling) after controlling mean ambient temperature and relevant demographics. At T2, longer sleep onset latency was predicted by parenting young children and night time television viewing; shorter sleep duration was predicted by female gender; and awake time and sleep efficacy were predicted by alcohol intake after controlling T1 sleep measures, demographics, and mean ambient temperature. CONCLUSION The risk factors for objective sleep impairment included parenting young children and watching television at night, whereas better sleep outcomes were associated with greater engagement with PA.
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