Gunaydin B, Tuna AT. Anesthetic considerations for liver diseases unique to pregnancy. World J Anesthesiol 2016; 5(3): 54-61 [DOI: 10.5313/wja.v5.i3.54]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Berrin Gunaydin, MD, PhD, Professor of Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Besevler, 06500 Ankara, Turkey. gunaydin@gazi.edu.tr
Research Domain of This Article
Anesthesiology
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Anesthesiol. Nov 27, 2016; 5(3): 54-61 Published online Nov 27, 2016. doi: 10.5313/wja.v5.i3.54
Anesthetic considerations for liver diseases unique to pregnancy
Berrin Gunaydin, Ayca Tas Tuna
Berrin Gunaydin, Department of Anesthesiology, Gazi University School of Medicine, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
Ayca Tas Tuna, Department of Anesthesiology, Sakarya University School of Medicine, 54100 Sakarya, Turkey
Author contributions: Both authors contributed to this manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: We, the authors, declare and sign that we do not have any conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Berrin Gunaydin, MD, PhD, Professor of Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Besevler, 06500 Ankara, Turkey. gunaydin@gazi.edu.tr
Telephone: +90-312-2025318
Received: April 27, 2016 Peer-review started: April 28, 2016 First decision: June 16, 2016 Revised: July 13, 2016 Accepted: July 29, 2016 Article in press: August 1, 2016 Published online: November 27, 2016 Processing time: 204 Days and 21.1 Hours
Abstract
Liver diseases that are most unique to pregnancy consist of hyperemesis gravidarum, acute fatty liver of pregnancy, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets syndrome. In this review, risk factors, etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of each entity followed by principles of anesthetic management based on the case reports or retrospective records will be addressed.
Core tip: Liver diseases like hyperemesis gravidarum, acute fatty liver of pregnancy, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets are challenging for anesthesiologists because of the increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, general and specific anesthetic management strategies are of utmost important. In this review, the risk factors, etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of these liver diseases during pregnancy and general principles of anesthetic management based on our case report and retrospective records will be addressed.
