Copyright
©The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Orthop. Apr 18, 2017; 8(4): 310-316
Published online Apr 18, 2017. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v8.i4.310
Published online Apr 18, 2017. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v8.i4.310
Posterior interosseous nerve localization within the proximal forearm - a patient normalized parameter
Srinath Kamineni, Elbow Shoulder Research Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, United States
Crystal R Norgren, Evan M Davidson, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40506, United States
Ellora P Kamineni, Paul Laurence Dunbar High School, Lexington, KY 40513, United States
Andrew S Deane, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
Author contributions: Kamineni S and Deane AS designed the research; Kamineni S, Norgren CR and Davidson EM performed the research; Kamineni S and Kamineni EP analyzed the data; Kamineni S, Norgren CR, Kamineni EP and Davidson EM wrote the paper; all authors performed dissection.
Institutional review board statement: The study was exempt by the University of Kentucky Institutional Review Board, since it does not involve patients or clinical data.
Conflict-of-interest statement: None.
Data sharing statement: None.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Srinath Kamineni, MD, Elbow Shoulder Research Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, 740 South Limestone K412, Lexington, KY 40506, United States. srinathkamineni@gmail.com
Telephone: +1-859-2183057 Fax: +1-859-3232412
Received: April 3, 2016
Peer-review started: April 6, 2016
First decision: May 17, 2016
Revised: February 7, 2017
Accepted: February 28, 2017
Article in press: March 2, 2017
Published online: April 18, 2017
Processing time: 379 Days and 15.1 Hours
Peer-review started: April 6, 2016
First decision: May 17, 2016
Revised: February 7, 2017
Accepted: February 28, 2017
Article in press: March 2, 2017
Published online: April 18, 2017
Processing time: 379 Days and 15.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: We present a “patient normalized” parameter that localizes posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) crossing point with a line interconnecting the lateral epicondyle and the radial styloid, with the “70-85-100” rule. The mean PIN distance from the lateral epicondyle was 100% of transepicondylar distance (TED) in a pronated forearm, 85% in neutral, and 70% in supination. Predictive accuracy was highest in supination; in all cases the majority of specimens (90.47%-95.23%) are within 2 cm of the forearm position-specific percentage of TED. Non-invasive accurate PIN localization will aid in diagnosis, injections, surgical approaches, and understanding neurological symptoms in the forearm.