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World J Orthop. Jan 18, 2023; 14(1): 13-22
Published online Jan 18, 2023. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v14.i1.13
Polydactyly: Clinical and molecular manifestations
Zisis Kyriazis, Panagoula Kollia, Ioanna Grivea, Nikolaos Stefanou, Sotirios Sotiriou, Zoe H Dailiana
Zisis Kyriazis, Nikolaos Stefanou, Zoe H Dailiana, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
Panagoula Kollia, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Athens 15701, Greece
Ioanna Grivea, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
Sotirios Sotiriou, Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
Author contributions: Kyriazis Z wrote the paper and participated in the collection of the data; Dailiana ZH, Kollia P, and Grivea I participated in the conception of the study, and interpretation and collection of the literature data; Stefanou N and Sotiriou S participated in the collection of the literature data; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflict of interest to disclose.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Zoe H Dailiana, MD, PhD, Professor, Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa 41500, Greece. dailiana@med.uth.gr
Received: September 26, 2022
Peer-review started: September 26, 2022
First decision: October 21, 2022
Revised: November 4, 2022
Accepted: December 7, 2022
Article in press: December 7, 2022
Published online: January 18, 2023
Processing time: 108 Days and 11.2 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: The molecular basis of hand and foot polydactyly, syndromic or non- syndromic, is diverse. There are several phenotypes of the disorder which are correlated to a specific molecular profile and other whose molecular basis is still unclear. We summarize and provide an overview of gene mutations that cause hand and foot polydactyly as an isolated disorder or as part of a syndrome and present the clinical manifestations that they cause.