Published online Mar 18, 2015. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v6.i2.311
Peer-review started: May 29, 2014
First decision: July 18, 2014
Revised: December 3, 2014
Accepted: January 9, 2015
Article in press: Janurary 12, 2015
Published online: March 18, 2015
Processing time: 294 Days and 8.4 Hours
AIM: To assess the failure and bone-to-implant contact rate of dental implants placed on osteoporotic subjects.
METHODS: Extensive examination strategies were created to classify studies for this systematic review. MEDLINE (via PubMed) and EMBASE database were examined for studies in English up to and including May 2014. The examination presented a combination of the MeSH words described as follow: “osteoporosis” or “osteopenia” or “estrogen deficiency” AND “implant” or “dental implant” or “osseointegration”. Assessment of clinical and/or histological peri-implant conditions in osteoporosis subjects treated with titanium dental implants. The examination included a combination of the MeSH terms described as follow: “osteoporosis” or “osteopenia” or “estrogen deficiency” AND “implant” or “dental implant” or “osseointegration”.
RESULTS: Of 943 potentially eligible articles, 12 were included in the study. A total of 133 subjects with osteoporosis, 73 subjects diagnosed with osteopenia and 708 healthy subjects were assessed in this systematic review. In these subjects were installed 367, 205, 2981 dental implants in osteoporotic, osteopenic and healthy subjects, respectively. The failure rate of dental implant was 10.9% in osteoporotic subjects, 8.29% in osteopenic and 11.43% in healthy ones. Bone-to-implant contact obtained from retrieved implants ranged between 49.96% to 47.84%, for osteoporosis and non-osteoporotic subjects.
CONCLUSION: Osteoporotic subjects presented higher rates of implant loss, however, there is a lower evidence to strengthen or refute the hypothesis that osteoporosis may have detrimental effects on bone healing. Consequently, final conclusions regarding the effect of osteoporosis in dental implant therapy cannot be made at this time. There are no randomized clinical trial accessible for evaluation and the retrospective nature of the evaluated studies shall be taken in account when interpreting this study.
Core tip: This systematic review focused on failure rates and percentage of osseointegration of dental implants in healthy and osteoporotic subjects. Definitive conclusions regarding the impact of osteoporosis on dental implant therapy cannot be made at this time. Clinically, it could be suggested that osteoporotic subjects can receive dental implant therapy.