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M Behrens KM, Elgafy H. Factors affecting outcomes of indirect decompression after oblique and lateral lumbar interbody fusions. World J Orthop 2025; 16:100772. [PMID: 40124722 PMCID: PMC11924032 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v16.i3.100772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2025] [Accepted: 02/12/2025] [Indexed: 03/12/2025] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, the authors of this paper comment on the article by Bokov et al published in the recent issue of World Journal of Orthopedics. We reviewed a general overview of oblique lumbar interbody fusions (OLIF) and lateral lumbar interbody fusions (LLIF), their indications and complications as an increasingly popular minimally invasive technique to address several lumbar pathologies. This editorial thoroughly discusses and reviews the literature regarding factors affecting outcomes of indirect decompression utilized through OLIF and LLIF procedures. Several parameters play a critical role in patient outcomes including restoration of disc height, foraminal height, central canal squared, and foraminal area. The indirect decompression allows for unbuckling of the ligamentum flavum which can significantly decompress the neural elements as well as aid in reduction of spondylolisthesis. However, the authors further highlight the limitations of indirect decompression and factors that may predict unsuccessful outcomes including bony foraminal stenosis, severe central canal stenosis, and osteoporosis. As a result, failure of indirect decompression can lead to persistent pain, radiculopathy and unsatisfied patients. Spinal surgeons may be left to reimage patients and consider additional procedures with direct decompression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M M Behrens
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Toledo Medical Centre, Toledo, OH 43614, United States
| | - Hossein Elgafy
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Toledo Medical Centre, Toledo, OH 43614, United States
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Chang S, Xiang HF, Wei JH, Liu Y. Analysis of factors impacting inter-body fusion cage subsidence following an oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) stand-alone procedure. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2025; 38:383-393. [PMID: 39973245 DOI: 10.1177/10538127241301673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2025]
Abstract
BackgroundLumbar oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF stand-alone) procedures have become a common treatment for various spinal conditions, including spinal stenosis and spondylolisthesis. However, cage subsidence following OLIF stand-alone procedures is a significant concern that can compromise the surgical outcomes.ObjectiveTo investigate the occurrence of cage subsidence following OLIF procedures and identify the relevant factors influencing cage subsidence.MethodA retrospective analysis was conducted on 86 patients who underwent elective OLIF stand-alone procedures at the Affiliated People's Hospital of Qingdao University between 2019 and 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups based on disc height (DH) subsidence: cage non-subsidence group (< 2 mm) and cage subsidence group (> 2 mm). General and imaging data were collected pre-surgery, post-surgery, and at six months follow-up. Single-factor analysis identified factors influencing cage subsidence, followed by multi-factor regression analysis on these variables to determine their impact.ResultsWhen the degree of DH subsidence in the last follow-up (M6) was evaluated, among the 86 patients (102 segments), 26 patients (25.49%) fulfilled the criteria for cage subsidence. Factors with clinical and statistical significance in the single-factor analysis were incorporated into the multi-factor analysis, and it was found that the mean CT value of the concerned segment, multifidus area, and severe multifidus atrophy were relevant risk factors for cage subsidence; the protective factors for cage subsidence were degree III zygapophyseal joint degeneration, posterior cage position, and end-plate inflammation sclerosis (P < 0.05).ConclusionSurgeons should be cautious in preoperatively identifying patients at risk of cage subsidence, particularly those with a low mean CT value of the concerned segment or severe multifidus atrophy. During surgery, selecting a cage of adequate length to span the epiphyseal ring and align with the original DH can help protect paravertebral muscles from iatrogenic injury and reduce the risk of cage subsidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong-Fei Xiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia-Hao Wei
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Singhatanadgige W, Chatareeyagul P, Tanasansomboon T, Phutrakool P, Kotheeranurak V, Yingsakmongkol W, Limthongkul W. Should a Narrow Corridor Be a Contraindication for Performing Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Procedure or Not? Global Spine J 2025; 15:891-897. [PMID: 37962023 PMCID: PMC11877476 DOI: 10.1177/21925682231216049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effect of corridor width on the postoperative outcomes of patients who underwent the OLIF procedure. METHODS Patients who underwent OLIF surgery, which included L4-5, between 2015 and 2021 were retrospectively studied. The patients were divided into three groups by the width of the corridor: not more than 10 mm, between 10 and 20 mm, and 20 mm or more. We compared clinical and radiographic outcomes and complications between these groups. RESULTS A total of 81 patients were included. There were no significant differences in VAS leg and back pain scores, ODI scores, or complications between each group. The radiographic findings, including cage position, anterior and posterior disc height, segmental Cobb angle, and foraminal height, also showed no significant differences between each group. The only radiographic finding that showed a significant difference between each group was the angle of the cage. We found significantly less degree of angle in the wider than 20 mm group when compared to the other two groups. (P-value = .01). There was no recorded incidence of major vascular complications. CONCLUSIONS The width of oblique corridor does not affect clinical outcomes, complications, or radiographic findings, including position of the cage, anterior and posterior disc height, segmental angle, and foraminal height after OLIF procedure, including L4-5 level. Thus, the OLIF procedure can be performed safely even in patients with limited oblique corridors, especially at L4-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weerasak Singhatanadgige
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Teerachat Tanasansomboon
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phanupong Phutrakool
- Chula Data Management Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vit Kotheeranurak
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wicharn Yingsakmongkol
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Worawat Limthongkul
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Crawford AM, Striano BM, Bryan MR, Amakiri IC, Williams DL, Nguyen AT, Hatton MO, Simpson AK, Schoenfeld AJ. Expandable versus static transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) cages: comparing radiographic outcomes and complication profiles. Spine J 2025; 25:237-243. [PMID: 39349256 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2024.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Expandable transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) cages have become popular in recent years due to anticipated advantages of increased disc height, improved segmental lordosis, and ease of implantation. Such benefits have not been conclusively demonstrated in the literature. PURPOSE To determine whether expandable cages increase disc height and segmental lordosis in a durable way following surgery and compare complication profiles between cage types. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Retrospective cohort study conducted within a large academic health system involving 31 different spine surgeons. PATIENT SAMPLE Adults undergoing single-level TLIF for an indication other than infection, tumor, trauma, or revision instrumentation from 2021 to 2023. OUTCOME MEASURES Our primary outcomes were changes in segmental disc height, segmental lordosis, and L4-S1 lordosis at 2 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year following surgery relative to baseline. Our secondary outcomes were frequencies of incidental durotomies, surgical site infections, readmissions, death, subsidence, and unplanned return to the operating room. METHODS Radiographic variables were collected from our institutional imaging registry. Demographics and surgical characteristics were abstracted from chart review. Generalized linear modeling was used for each primary outcome, with cage type (expandable vs static) as our primary predictor and age, biologic sex, race, CCI, year of surgery, duration of surgery, invasiveness of surgery, surgeon specialty (Orthopedics vs Neurosurgery), and level of surgery as covariates. RESULTS Our cohort consisted of 417 patients with a mean age of 62. Static cages were used in 306 patients and expandable cages in 111. Expandable cages were associated with increased changes in disc height relative to static cages at 2 weeks (1.1 mm [0.2-1.9]; p=.01) and 6 months (1.2 mm [0.2-2.3]; p=.02) following surgery, but differences were no longer significant at 1 year (0.4 mm [-0.9-1.8]; p=.4). Expandable cages were found to subside more commonly than static cages (14.1% vs 6.6%; p=.04). No significant differences between cage types were identified in lordotic parameters at any timepoint (p=0.25 to p=0.97). CONCLUSIONS Expandable cages were associated with an initial increase in disc height relative to static cages, but this difference diminished with the first year of surgery, likely due to a higher rate of subsidence within the expandable cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Crawford
- Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brendan M Striano
- Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ikechukwu C Amakiri
- Harvard Combined Orthopaedic Residency Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Andrew K Simpson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew J Schoenfeld
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Sun K, Zhou G, Jiang Z, Wang L, Wei G, Wang H. Initial Efficacy After Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Classified as Schizas Grade A to D. World Neurosurg 2025; 194:123601. [PMID: 39716727 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.123601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Revised: 12/15/2024] [Accepted: 12/16/2024] [Indexed: 12/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was to evaluate the initial efficacy of lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) in treating degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS), encompassing a spectrum of stenosis severity from minor to extreme cases. METHODS This retrospective study analyzed the outcomes of 43 patients with DLSS, involving 55 surgical segments, who underwent LLIF. Clinical efficacy and radiographic parameters were recorded during the perioperative period and at the final follow-up. Pursuant to the Schizas' classification criteria, the 55 surgical segments were categorized into 2 groups: the Schizas grade A or B group and the C or D group. Simultaneously, the 43 patients were divided into 2 groups: the minor-moderate stenosis (MM) group and the severe-extreme stenosis (SE) group. Comparative analyses were subsequently conducted. RESULTS All patients successfully underwent the LLIF procedure, without the need for additional posterior decompression surgery. Both 16 MM and 27 SE group patients demonstrated significant improvements in clinical efficacy scores compared to their preoperative baselines (P < 0.001). Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences between the MM group and the SE group in postoperative clinical metrics (P > 0.05). Both 23 Schizas grade A or B and 32 C or D group segments exhibited significant postoperative improvements in radiographic parameter values (P < 0.001), with no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Under certain indications, patients with varying degrees of DLSS, ranging from mild to extreme, can achieve favorable outcomes through LLIF, and preoperative imaging revealing severe or extreme stenosis does not automatically disqualify patients from undergoing indirect decompression surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fourth People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangwen Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, China
| | - Zhiye Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, China
| | - Longjian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, China
| | - Guanjie Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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Limthongkul W, Chaiwongwattana B, Kerr SJ, Tanasansomboon T, Kotheeranurak V, Yingsakmongkol W, Singhatanadgige W. Risk Factors of Unsatisfactory Outcomes Requiring Additional Intervention Following Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion. Neurospine 2024; 21:845-855. [PMID: 39363464 PMCID: PMC11456943 DOI: 10.14245/ns.2448344.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive procedure for stabilizing the spine and indirectly decompressing the neural elements. There is sparse data on unsatisfactory outcomes that require additional interventions (surgery or intervention) after OLIF. This study aimed to identify the causes, and risk factors of these reintervention. METHODS This was a single-center retrospective study of the patients who underwent the OLIF procedure from June 2016 to March 2023. Several clinical and radiographic parameters were studied. We also analyzed associations between several potential risk factors and the reintervention following OLIF. RESULTS A total of 231 patients were included. Over an average of 2.5 years of follow-up, 28 patients (12.1%) required a reintervention. Adjacent segment disease (ASD) was the most common cause of reintervention. The risk factors associated with reintervention were previous surgery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-16.33; p=0.02) and high preoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores (aOR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00-1.08; p=0.03). Although increasing the duration of follow-up was not statistically significant, the 95% CI was consistent with an increased risk of reintervention with longer follow-up (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.94-1.50). CONCLUSION This study showed that patients with prior lumbar surgery and high preoperative ODI scores were more likely to require additional intervention after the OLIF procedure. In addition, an increasing duration of follow-up was associated with an increased risk of reintervention. The most common reason for reintervention was ASD after OLIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worawat Limthongkul
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bandid Chaiwongwattana
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stephen J. Kerr
- Biostatistics Excellence Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerachat Tanasansomboon
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vit Kotheeranurak
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wicharn Yingsakmongkol
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerasak Singhatanadgige
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Jin C, Shang J, Chen X, Zheng J, He W, He L, Han W. Can zoledronic acid reduce the risk of cage subsidence after oblique lumbar interbody fusion combined with bilateral pedicle screw fixation in the elderly population? A retrospective study. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:344. [PMID: 38849941 PMCID: PMC11162006 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of zoledronic acid for reducing the incidence of cage subsidence and enhancing interbody fusion rates following oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) surgery, particularly as the first reported evidence of the role of zoledronic acid combined with OLIF. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 108 elderly patients treated for degenerative lumbar diseases using OLIF combined with bilateral pedicle screw fixation from January 2018 to December 2021. Patients were divided into the zoledronic acid (ZOL) group (43 patients, 67 surgical segments) and the control group (65 patients, 86 surgical segments). A comparative analysis of the radiographic and clinical outcomes between the groups was performed, employing univariate and multivariate regression analyses to explore the relationships between cage subsidence and the independent variables. RESULTS Radiographic outcomes, including anterior height, posterior height, disc height, coronal disc angle, foraminal height, and lumbar lordosis, were not significantly different between the two groups. Similarly, no statistically significant differences were noted in the back visual analog scale (VAS) scores and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores between the groups. However, at the 1-year follow-up, the leg VAS score was lower in the ZOL group than in the control group (P = 0.028). The ZOL group demonstrated a notably lower cage subsidence rate (20.9%) than did the control group (43.0%) (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the interbody fusion rate between the ZOL group (93.0%) and the control group (90.8%). Non-use of zoledronic acid emerged as an independent risk factor for cage subsidence (OR = 6.047, P = 0.003), along with lower bone mineral density, lower postoperative anterior height, and concave endplate morphology. The model exhibited robust discriminative performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.872. CONCLUSION The administration of zoledronic acid mitigates the risk of cage subsidence following OLIF combined with bilateral pedicle screw fixation in elderly patients; however, it does not improve the interbody fusion rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - JinXiang Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Jiewen Zheng
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China.
| | - Weiqi Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China.
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Eguchi Y, Suzuki N, Orita S, Inage K, Narita M, Shiga Y, Inoue M, Toshi N, Tokeshi S, Okuyama K, Ohyama S, Maki S, Aoki Y, Nakamura J, Hagiwara S, Kawarai Y, Akazawa T, Koda M, Takahashi H, Ohtori S. Short-Term Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Patients Treated With Expandable and Static Interbody Spacers Following Lumbar Lateral Interbody Fusion. World Neurosurg 2024; 185:e1144-e1152. [PMID: 38493893 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to evaluate, using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), patients who underwent oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) using either expandable or static interbody spacers. METHODS Thirty-five patients with degenerative disc disease were surgically treated with one-level OLIF and were followed up for more than 6 months. The Static group consisted of 22 patients, and 13 patients were in the Expandable group. Intraoperative findings included operative time (min), blood loss (ml), and cage size. Low back pain, leg pain, and leg numbness were measured using the Japanese Orthopedic Association score, visual analogue score, and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire. Radiologic evaluation using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allowed measurement of cage subsidence, cross-sectional area (CSA) of the dural sac, disc height, segmental lordosis, foraminal height, and foraminal CSA preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS The Expandable group had significantly larger cage height and lordosis than the Static group (P < 0.05). The Expandable group also had greater dural sac area expansion and enlargement of the intervertebral foramen, as well as better correction of vertebral body slip (P < 0.05). Cage subsidence was significantly lower in the Expandable group (P < 0.05). JOA and VAS scores for leg numbness were significantly better in the Expandable group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Compared with static spacers, expandable spacers significantly enlarged the dural sac area, corrected vertebral body slippage, expanded the intervertebral foramen, and achieved good indirect decompression while reducing cage subsidence, resulting in improvement in clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawara Eguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shimoshizu National Hospital, Yotsukaido, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Noritaka Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sumihisa Orita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan; Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Inage
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Miyako Narita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shiga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Toshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Soichiro Tokeshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kohei Okuyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ohyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Aoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Togane, Chiba, Japan
| | - Junichi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeo Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuya Kawarai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Akazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masao Koda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-City, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-City, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Song C, Deng Z, Dai H, Zheng W, Yu G, Wu Y, Luo J, Xu J. Comparison of the Medium-term Outcomes of Anterior Lumbar Discectomy and Fusion with Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Orthop Surg 2024; 16:1042-1050. [PMID: 38531809 PMCID: PMC11062870 DOI: 10.1111/os.14028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lumbar degenerative diseases (LDDs) with huge herniation in the left lateral recess or central canal present challenges for oblique lateral lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) or endoscope-assisted OLIF procedures. Currently, minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) is the primary approach for this issue. This study aims to provide a standardized technical description of the anterior lumbar discectomy and fusion (ALDF) and evaluate the medium-term clinical effectiveness of both ALDF and MIS-TLIF techniques. METHODS A retrospective review was performed on LDDs who underwent ALDF and MIS-TLIF surgery from January 2018 to January 2020. The evaluation encompassed various clinical outcomes, such as the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for back pain and leg pain (VAS-back, VAS-leg), the Oswestry disability index (ODI), the 36-item short-form health survey mental component summary (SF-36 MCS), and the physical component summary (SF-36 PCS). Additionally, radiological parameters, including disc height (DH), segmental disk angle (SDA), lumbar lordosis (LL), and cross-sectional area (CSA), were assessed. Data including radiculopathy, estimated blood loss, operation time, time of getting out of bed, fusion rate, and complications were recorded. Student's independent samples t test and Pearson's chi-square test were used to compare the differences between groups. RESULTS In total, 47 patients were treated by ALDF and 48 patients were treated by MIS-TLIF. The ALDF group exhibited statistically significant lower estimated blood loss and earlier time of getting out of bed compared to the MIS-TLIF group (p < 0.05). The ALDF group demonstrated lower VAS-back scores and a higher remission rate of low back pain 3 years after the surgery (p < 0.05). During the entire follow-up period, the ALDF group exhibited higher increases in DH and SDA compared to the MIS-TLIF group (p < 0.05). At 6 months, the fusion rate in the ALDF group was significantly higher than in the MIS-TLIF group (p < 0.05). The comparison revealed no statistically significant differences in complication rates between the two groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The ALDF could be considered as a viable surgical alternative for the treatment of LDDs that necessitate ventral neural direct decompression. ALDF exhibited favorable medium-term outcomes in patients with LDDs, displaying advantages in facilitating expedited recovery, enhancing radiographic outcomes, and elevating the remission rate of low back pain. Although ALDF presents slightly higher complication rates compared to MIS-TLIF, it does not adversely affect clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Department of OrthopedicsShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Zhibo Deng
- Department of OrthopedicsShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Hanhao Dai
- Department of OrthopedicsShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Wu Zheng
- Department of OrthopedicsFujian Clinical Research Center for Spinal Nerve and Joint DiseasesFuzhouChina
| | - Guoyu Yu
- Department of OrthopedicsFujian Clinical Research Center for Spinal Nerve and Joint DiseasesFuzhouChina
| | - Yijing Wu
- Department of OrthopedicsShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of OrthopedicsShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Department of OrthopedicsFujian Clinical Research Center for Spinal Nerve and Joint DiseasesFuzhouChina
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of OrthopedicsShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina
- Department of OrthopedicsFujian Clinical Research Center for Spinal Nerve and Joint DiseasesFuzhouChina
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10
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Limthongkul W, Thanapura C, Jitpakdee K, Praisarnti P, Kotheeranurak V, Yingsakmongkol W, Tanasansomboon T, Singhatanadgige W. Is Direct Decompression Necessary for Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF)? A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Direct and Indirect Decompression With LLIF in Selected Patients. Neurospine 2024; 21:342-351. [PMID: 38569646 PMCID: PMC10992655 DOI: 10.14245/ns.2346906.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes following lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) between direct and indirect decompression in the treatment of patients with degenerative lumbar diseases. METHODS Patients who underwent single-level LLIF were randomized into 2 groups: direct decompression (group D) and indirect decompression (group I). Clinical outcomes including the Oswestry Disability index and visual analogue scale of back and leg pain were collected. Radiographic outcomes including cross-sectional area (CSA) of thecal sac, disc height, foraminal height, foraminal area, fusion rate, segmental, and lumbar lordosis were measured. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients who met the inclusion criteria were eligible for the analysis, with a distribution of 14 subjects in each group. The average age was 66.1 years. Postoperatively, significant improvements were observed in all clinical parameters. However, these improvements did not show significant difference between both groups at all follow-up periods. All radiographic outcomes were not different between both groups, except for the increase in CSA which was significantly greater in group D (77.73 ± 20.26 mm2 vs. 54.32 ± 35.70 mm2, p = 0.042). Group I demonstrated significantly lower blood loss (68.13 ± 32.06 mL vs. 210.00 ± 110.05 mL, p < 0.005), as well as shorter operative time (136.35 ± 28.07 minutes vs. 182.18 ± 42.67 minutes, p = 0.002). Overall complication rate was not different. CONCLUSION Indirect decompression through LLIF results in comparable clinical improvement to LLIF with additional direct decompression over 1-year follow-up period. These findings suggest that, for an appropriate candidate, direct decompression in LLIF might not be necessary since the ligamentotaxis effect achieved through indirect decompression appears sufficient to relieve symptoms while diminishing blood loss and operative time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worawat Limthongkul
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chayapong Thanapura
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khanathip Jitpakdee
- Department of Orthopedics, Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Sriracha, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Pakawas Praisarnti
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vit Kotheeranurak
- Department of Orthopedics, Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Sriracha, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Wicharn Yingsakmongkol
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerachat Tanasansomboon
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerasak Singhatanadgige
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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11
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Sun H, Xiong S, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Wu Z, Xiao L. Clinical significance of redundant nerve roots in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis undergoing oblique lumbar interbody fusion combined with percutaneous internal fixation. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:958. [PMID: 38087350 PMCID: PMC10717461 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there have been previous studies on the surgical efficacy of patients with redundant nerve roots (RNRs), a persistent issue is that some patients continue to experience redundancy even after surgery. Furthermore, the clinical significance of RNRs remains unclear. Notably, there is a lack of research regarding RNRs within the context of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) combined with percutaneous internal fixation. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between RNRs and clinical outcomes following OLIF combined with percutaneous internal fixation. METHODS Eighty-seven patients diagnosed with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) who underwent single-segment OLIF combined with percutaneous internal fixation were categorized into three groups. Group 1 comprised patients with positive RNRs both before and after the operation. Group 2 included patients with positive RNRs preoperatively but negative RNRs postoperatively. Group 3 consisted of patients with consistently negative RNRs before and after the operation. Comprehensive patient data were collected, including operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and any recorded complications. Radiographic parameters, both pre- and post-operative, were assessed, encompassing the number of stenosis segments, disc height (DH), lumbar lordotic angle, dural sac cross-sectional area, and the placement of the fusion cage. Furthermore, the Visual Analogue Scale was applied to gauge back and leg pain, while the Oswestry Disability Index was employed to appraise daily living activities. A comparative analysis was carried out among the three patient groups. RESULTS In this study, all 87 LSS patients successfully underwent surgery. Among them, 35 patients (40.2%) showed preoperative MRI assessment indicating positive RNRs. In the postoperative MRI assessment, 14 of these patients maintained positive RNRs status, and they were grouped into Group 1. The remaining 21 patients saw a transition to negative RNRs status and were included in Group 2. Among the 52 patients who had preoperative MRI assessments showing negative RNRs, their postoperative RNRs status remained negative, forming Group 3. All patients received follow-up, which ranged from 8 to 18 months, and no complications occurred during this period. In this study, the postoperative efficacy and parameters such as DH and Dural Sac CSA significantly improved compared to preoperative values for all 87 patients. Patients with preoperative RNRs had more stenosis segments, smaller dural sac CSA, and more severe symptoms. In all three groups, postoperative efficacy scores significantly improved compared to preoperative scores. Group 2 patients had their fusion cages placed more in the middle, while Group 1 patients had their fusion cages more anteriorly located. Group 2 patients exhibited greater recovery in dural sac CSA postoperatively compared to Group 1 patients. Additionally, Group 2 patients had better ODI efficacy scores compared to Group 1 patients. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of the presence or absence of RNRs, patients experienced improvement after undergoing OLIF combined with percutaneous internal fixation. Preoperative RNRs appear to be linked to multi-segmental lumbar spinal stenosis, a reduction in dural sac CSA, and symptom severity. Patients with negative postoperative RNRs demonstrated better treatment efficacy. Furthermore, the placement of the fusion cage appears to have a significant impact on postoperative efficacy and RNRs outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhou Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Shouliang Xiong
- Department of Joint Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Quanlai Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhongxuan Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, 241001, China.
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12
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Jing X, Gong Z, Zhang N, Xu Z, Qiu X, Li F, Liu W, Hu Q, Chen Q. Comparison of Intraoperative Endplate Injury between Mini-Open Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF) and Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF) and Analysis of Risk Factors: A Retrospective Study. J INVEST SURG 2023; 36:2285787. [PMID: 38010393 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2023.2285787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to compare the incidence of intraoperative endplate injury in patients who underwent Transforaminal interbody fusion (TLIF) and mini-open lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) surgery. The independent risk factors related to endplate injury in LLIF procedure were analyzed. METHODS A total of 199 patients who underwent LLIF (n = 106) or TLIF (n = 93) surgery from June 2019 to September 2021 were reviewed. The endplate injury was assessed by postoperative sagittal CT scan. A binary logistic analysis model were used to identify independent risk factors related to LLIF endplate injury based on univariate analysis. RESULTS There was an obvious difference in the occurrence of intraoperative endplate injury between LLIF (42/106, 39.6%) and TLIF group (26/93, 28%), although it did not reach the significant level. L1 CT value (OR = 0.985, 95% CI = 0.972-0.998), cage position (OR = 3.881, 95% CI = 1.398-10.771) and height variance (OR = 1.263, 95% CI = 1.013-1.575) were independent risk factors for endplate injury in LLIF procedure. According to the cage settlement patterns, there 5 types of A to E. The severity of the facet joint degeneration was positively related to the occurrence of endplate injury. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of intraoperative endplate injury is higher in LLIF than in TLIF procedures. Low bone quantity, cage posterior position and larger height variance are risk factors to induce endplate injury in LLIF surgery. The facet joint degeneration may be related to severe endplate injuries and even fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Jing
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengkuan Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaowen Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangcai Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingfeng Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qixin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Park J, Park SM, Han S, Jeon Y, Hong JY. Factors affecting successful immediate indirect decompression in oblique lateral interbody fusion in lumbar spinal stenosis patients. NORTH AMERICAN SPINE SOCIETY JOURNAL 2023; 16:100279. [PMID: 37869545 PMCID: PMC10587750 DOI: 10.1016/j.xnsj.2023.100279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) offers indirect decompression of stenotic lesions of the spinal canal and foramen through immediate disc height restoration. Only a few studies have reported the effect of cage position and associated intraoperatively modifiable factors for successful immediate indirect decompression following OLIF surgery. This study aimed to investigate the intraoperatively modifiable factors for successful radiological outcomes of OLIF. Methods This study included 46 patients with 80 surgical levels who underwent OLIF without direct posterior decompression. Preoperative and postoperative radiological parameters were evaluated and intraoperatively modifiable radiologic parameters for successful immediate radiologic decompression on magnetic resonance image (MRI) were determined. Radiologic parameters were preoperative and postoperative radiological parameters including anterior disc height (ADH), posterior disc height (PDH) lumbar lordotic angle (LLA), segmental lordotic angle (SLA), foraminal height (FH), cage position, cross-sectional area (CSA) of the thecal sac, cross-sectional foraminal area (CSF), facet distance (FD). Results All radiologic outcomes significantly improved. Comparing preoperative and postoperative values, mean CSA increased from 99.63±40.21 mm2 to 125.02±45.90 mm2 (p<.0001), and mean left CSF increased from 44.54±12.90 mm2 to 69.91±10.80 mm2 (p<.0001). FD also increased from 1.40±0.44 to 1.92±0.71 mm (p<.0001). FH increased from 16.31±3.3 to 18.84±3.47 mm (p<.0001). ADH and PDH also significantly increased (p<.0001). Immediate postoperative CSF and FH improvement rate (%) were significantly correlated with posterior disc height restoration rate (%) (p=.0443, and p=.0234, respectively). In addition, the patients with a cage positioned in the middle of the vertebral body experienced a greater FH improvement rate (%) compared to the patients with a cage positioned anteriorly. Finally, Visual analogue scale (VAS) for leg pain was improved immediately. Conclusions OLIF provided satisfactory immediate indirect decompression in central and foraminal spinal stenosis. Moreover, intraoperative surgical technique for successful radiologic CSF and FH improvement included restoration of the PDH and placement of the cage in the middle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Park
- Spine Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsoo Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170, Jomaru-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Jeon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Hong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Republic of Korea
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Limthongkul W, Praisarnti P, Tanasansomboon T, Prasertkul N, Kotheeranurak V, Yingsakmongkol W, Singhatanadgige W. An Expanded Surgical Corridor of Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion at L4-5: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Neurospine 2023; 20:1450-1456. [PMID: 38171311 PMCID: PMC10762402 DOI: 10.14245/ns.2346678.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We introduced a new preoperative method, the "expanded surgical corridor," to evaluate the actual safety corridor, which may expand the possibility of performing oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF). METHODS Axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance images at the L4-5 disc level of 511 lumbar degenerative disease patients was evaluated. The distance between the medial edge of the left-sided psoas muscle and the major artery was measured as the conventional surgical corridor (CSc). The distance between the major vein and lumbar plexus was measured as the expanded surgical corridor (ESc). RESULTS The mean CSc and ESc were 13.9 ± 8.20 and 37.43 ± 10.1 mm, respectively. No surgical corridor was found in 7.05% of CSc and 1.76% of ESc, small corridor ( ≤ 1 cm) was found in 27.40% of CSc and 0.59% of ESc, moderate corridor (1-2 cm) was found in 42.07% of CSc and 1.96% of ESc, and large corridor ( > 2 cm) was found in 23.48% of CSc and 95.69% of ESc. A total of 33.83% (45 of 133) of whom were preoperatively categorized as having a limited surgical corridor by conventional measurement, underwent OLIF L4-5 successfully. CONCLUSION By using the ESc, only 2.35% were categorized as having a limited surgical corridor. The other 97.65% of the patients had an approachable corridor that could be successfully operated by experienced spine surgeons who employ meticulous surgical dissection and thorough understanding of the anatomical structures. The ESc may represent true accessibility to the disc space for OLIF, particularly at the L4-5 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worawat Limthongkul
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pakawas Praisarnti
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerachat Tanasansomboon
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natavut Prasertkul
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vit Kotheeranurak
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wicharn Yingsakmongkol
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerasak Singhatanadgige
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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15
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Liu C, Geng Y, Li Y. Oblique lateral internal fusion combined with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in severe lumbar spinal stenosis: clinical and radiographic outcome. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:882. [PMID: 37981677 PMCID: PMC10658976 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) has been a popular technique for treating lumbar degenerative diseases. Previous studies have shown its efficiency in lumbar spinal stenosis; yet, only a few studies have investigated its application to severe lumbar spinal stenosis. Herein, we investigated the clinical and radiographic outcome of OLIF with percutaneous pedicle screws in the treatment of severe lumbar spinal stenosis. METHODS A total of 15 patients who underwent OLIF with percutaneous pedicle screws were retrospectively analysed. All patients were diagnosed with severe lumbar stenosis (Schizas grade C or D) through preoperative magnetic resonance image (MRI) and received OLIF combined with percutaneous pedicle screw surgery. Clinical outcomes, including visual analogue scale (VAS)-back and VAS-leg scores, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), as well as mean disc height (DH), mean foraminal height (FH), segmental lumbar lordosis (SLL) and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the spinal canal, were analysed before and after surgery and at the last follow-up. Intraoperative data, complications and fusion rate were also investigated. RESULTS OLIF combined with percutaneous pedicle screws was performed on 18 segments in 15 patients. Mean follow-up was 23.1 ± 4.6 months (range 15-29 months). VAS-back, VAS-leg, and ODI scores were significantly improved at the last follow-up. DH increased from 8.86 ± 3.06 mm before surgery to 13.31 ± 2.14 mm after; at the last follow-up, DH was 11.69 ± 1.87 mm. FH increased from 17.85 ± 2.26 mm before surgery to 22.09 ± 1.36 mm after; at the last follow-up, FH was 20.41 ± 0.99 mm. CSA of the spinal canal increased from 30.83 ± 21.15 mm2 before surgery to 74.99 ± 33.65 mm2 after the operation and 81.22 ± 35.53 mm2 at the last follow-up. The segmental LL before surgery, after surgery and at last follow-up was 20.27 ± 6.25 degrees, 20.83 ± 6.52 degrees and 19.75 ± 5.87 degrees, respectively. All patients have gained fusion at the last follow-up. CONCLUSION OLIF with percutaneous pedicle screws could achieve satisfactory clinical and radiographic effects through indirect compression by increasing DH, FH and CSA of the spinal canal in severe lumbar stenosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2 Zheshan West Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Yin Geng
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2 Zheshan West Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Yifeng Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2 Zheshan West Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
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Park KH, Chung HW, Lee HD, Jeon CH, Koh JH, Chung NS. Cage Obliquity and Radiological Outcomes in Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2023; 48:1611-1616. [PMID: 36255377 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective radiological study. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine whether cage obliquity affects radiological outcomes in oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The OLIF cage enters the disk space in the oblique direction and is then turned to the true orthogonal orientation. However, orthogonal cage placement is often hindered by cage rotation limitations. Few studies have examined the degree of cage obliquity and its effects in OLIF. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study involved 171 levels in 118 consecutive patients who underwent OLIF between L2-L3 and L4-L5 with a minimum two-year follow-up. Cage obliquity was divided into three groups on postoperative axial computed tomography images; cage obliquity <10° (group 1), cage obliquity ≥10° and <20° (group 2), and cage obliquity ≥20° (group 3). The radiological outcomes included anterior/posterior disk height, intervertebral disk angle, foraminal height, fusion, and cage subsidence. Postoperative complications related to cage obliquity were examined. RESULTS The mean cage obliquity of the 171 cages was 11.3±6.9°. Cage obliquity was greater at the L4-L5 level (13.4±6.4°) than at other levels (L2-L3 and L3-L4: 6.5±7.0° and 10.1±6.2°, respectively) ( P <0.05). There were no significant differences in radiological outcomes among the groups. There were two cases of postoperative contralateral neurological symptoms in group 3. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the orthogonal cage rotation in OLIF achieved adequate lateral cage placement. Although accurate cage rotation can be limited at the lower lumbar segments, radiological outcomes were not affected by cage obliquity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hoon Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Geyounggi-do Province, South Korea
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Limthongkul W, Wathanavasin W, Kotheeranurak V, Tangdamrongtham T, Tanasansomboon T, Yingsakmongkol W, Singhatanadgige W. Comparing Efficacy of Lumbar Disc Space Preparation via an Anterior-to-Psoas Approach Between Intraoperative Conventional Fluoroscopy and Computed Tomographic-Based Navigation System: A Cadaveric Study. World Neurosurg 2023; 176:e226-e231. [PMID: 37201786 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of intervertebral disc space preparation via an anterior-to-psoas (ATP) approach using conventional fluoroscopy (Flu) and computer tomography (CT)-based navigation by evaluating the disc remaining area. METHODS We equally assigned 24 lumbar disc levels from 6 cadavers into Flu and CT-based navigation (Nav) groups. Two surgeons performed disc space preparation using the ATP approach in both groups. Digital images of each vertebral endplate were obtained, and the remaining disc tissue was calculated in total and in quadrants. Operative time, number of attempts at disc removal, endplate violation area, number of endplate violation segments, and access angle were recorded. RESULTS The overall percentage of remaining disc tissue was significantly less in the Nav group than in the Flu group (32.7% vs. 43.3% respectively, P < 0.001). A significant difference was found in the posterior-ipsilateral (4.2% vs. 7.1%, P = 0.005) and posterior-contralateral (6.1% vs. 10.9%, P = 0.002) quadrants, respectively. No significant between-group difference was found concerning operative time, number of attempts at disc removal, endplate violation area, number of endplate violation segments, or access angle. CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative CT-based navigation may improve vertebral endplate preparation quality for an ATP approach, especially in the posterior quadrants. This technique may offer an effective alternative disc space and endplate preparation methods and may help enhance the fusion rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worawat Limthongkul
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waranyoo Wathanavasin
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vit Kotheeranurak
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Teerachat Tanasansomboon
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wicharn Yingsakmongkol
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerasak Singhatanadgige
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Zhou T, Gu Y. Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery (PTES) and mini-incision L5/S1 OLIF with a self-lock cage for the surgical treatment of L5 spondylolisthesis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:527. [PMID: 37488544 PMCID: PMC10367385 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We reported thirteen cases of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery (PTES) under local anesthesia and mini-incision L5/S1 OLIF (OLIF51) with a self-lock cage for the treatment of L5 spondylolisthesis. METHODS From Jan 2019 to Feb 2020, the patients with L5 spondylolisthesis with nerve root symptoms undergoing PTES and OLIF51 were included in this study. PTES under local anesthesia was performed in a prone position, and OLIF51 with a self-lock cage and allograft was then undertaken through a left abdominal mini-incision and oblique retroperitoneal approach between bilateral iliac vessels with the external oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominal muscles bluntly separated in turn for L5/S1 in a right oblique position under general anesthesia. Back and leg pain were preoperatively and postoperatively evaluated using the VAS, and the clinical outcomes were evaluated with the ODI before surgery and at the 2-year follow-up. The anterior and posterior intervertebral space height (AISH, PISH), lumbar lordotic, and surgical segmental lordotic angle (SLA) were measured on lumbar spine X-rays preoperatively and postoperatively. The fusion status was assessed according to Bridwell's fusion grades. RESULTS Thirteen cases of L5 spondylolisthesis were included. The operation duration was 49.1 ± 5.6 min for PTES and 73.6 ± 8.2 min for OLIF. There was blood loss of 25 (15-45) ml. The incision length was 7.5 ± 1.1 mm for PTES and 46.8 ± 3.8 mm for OLIF. The hospital stay was 5 (4-6) days, and the follow-up duration was 29 (24-37) months. For the clinical evaluation, the VAS of back and leg pain significantly dropped after surgery (p < 0.001), and the ODI significantly decreased from 64.7 ± 7.8% to 12.9 ± 4.3% 2 years after surgery (p < 0.001). AISH, PISH and SLA significantly improved after surgery (p < 0.05). Fusion grades based on the Bridwell grading system at the 2-year follow-up were grade I in 9 segments (69.2%) and grade II in 4 segments (30.8%). No patients had any form of permanent iatrogenic nerve damage or major complications. No failure of instruments was observed. CONCLUSIONS PTES and mini-incision OLIF51 with a self-lock cage is a viable option of minimally invasive surgery for L5 spondylolisthesis, which can achieve direct neurologic decompression, satisfactory fusion and hardly destroys the rectus abdominis and its sheath, paraspinal muscles and bone structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyao Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Southwest Spine Surgery Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Southwest Spine Surgery Center, Shanghai, China.
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Itthipanichpong T, Tanasansomboon T, Jaruthien N, Jenvorapoj S, Singhatanadgige W, Yingsakmongkol W, Limthongkul W. Lumbar Sympathetic Chain Tract and Mobility of Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Approach: A Cadaveric Study. World Neurosurg 2023; 175:e775-e779. [PMID: 37037371 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to assess the lumbar sympathetic chain (LSC) relation to the surgical corridor for the oblique lumbar approach and the ability to mobilize the LSC. METHODS Forty-three cadavers were included. A left-sided anterior retroperitoneal approach was performed in supine position. The distances between the great vessels and psoas muscle (oblique corridor) and distance between great vessels and LSC at the L2/3, L3/4, and L4/5 disk levels were measured. Mobilization of LSC at each disk level was done either close to or away from the psoas muscle, and each mobilization distance was measured. RESULTS The presence rates of LSC in oblique corridor were 19.5%, 43%, and 75.7% at L2/3, L3/4, and L4/5 levels, respectively. At the L2/3 disk level, the mean distance between the psoas muscle and LSC and its mobility were 0.61 mm ± 1.31 mm and 2.72 mm ± 1.24 mm, respectively. At the L3/4 disk level, the mean distance between the psoas muscle and LSC and its mobility were 1.72 mm ± 2.53 mm and 3.11 mm ± 1.02 mm, respectively. At the L4/5 disk level, the mean distance between the psoas muscle and LSC and its mobility were 2.94 mm ± 3.52 mm and 2.53 mm ± 1.03 mm, respectively. The mean width of corridor of L2/3, L3/4, and L4/5 were 10.73 mm ± 5.82 mm, 12.63 mm ± 5.02 mm, and 15.43 mm ± 6.31 mm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The LSC tract usually lies in the oblique corridor in L4/5 but keeps decreasing in prevalence when approaching L3/4 and L2/3 levels. It can be mobilized a few millimeters close to or away from the psoas muscle. Care should be taken to prevent an LSC injury, particularly when the LSC needs to be retracted along with the psoas muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thun Itthipanichpong
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerachat Tanasansomboon
- Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nonn Jaruthien
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Weerasak Singhatanadgige
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wicharn Yingsakmongkol
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Worawat Limthongkul
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Biomechanics and Innovative Spine Surgery, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Zhou T, Gu Y. Hybrid surgery of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery (PTES) combined with OLIF and anterolateral screws rod fixation for treatment of multi-level lumbar degenerative diseases with intervertebral instability. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:117. [PMID: 36800972 PMCID: PMC9936731 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) has been used to treat lumbar intervertebral instability, which has some advantages including less trauma, less blood loss, faster recovery and bigger cage. However, it usually needs posterior screws fixation for biomechanical stability, and possible direct decompression for relieving neurologic symptoms. In this study, OLIF and anterolateral screws rod fixation through mini-incision were combined with percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery (PTES) for the treatment of multi-level lumbar degenerative diseases (LDDs) with intervertebral instability. The purpose of study is to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and safety of this hybrid surgery. METHODS From July 2017 to May 2018, 38 cases of multi-level LDDs of disc herniation, foramen stenosis, lateral recess stenosis or central canal stenosis with intervertebral instability and neurologic symptoms undergoing one-stage PTES combined with OLIF and anterolateral screws rod fixation through mini-incision were recruited in this retrospective study. The culprit segment was predicted according to the position of patient's leg pain and PTES under local anesthesia was performed for the culprit segment in the prone position to enlarge the foramen, remove the flavum ligamentum and herniated disc for the lateral recess decompression and expose bilateral traversing nerve roots for the central spinal canal decompression through an unilateral incision. During the operation, communicate with the patients to confirm the efficacy using VAS. And then mini-incision OLIF using allograft, autograft bone harvested in PTES and anterolateral screws rod fixation were performed in the right lateral decubitus position under general anesthesia. Back and leg pain were preoperatively and postoperatively evaluated using VAS. And the clinical outcomes were evaluated with ODI at the 2-year follow-up. The fusion status was assessed according to Bridwell's fusion grades. RESULTS There were 27 cases of 2-level, 9 cases of 3-level and 2 cases of 4-level LDDs with single-level instability on the X-ray, CT and MRI. Five cases of L3/4 instability and 33 cases of L4/5 instability were included. PTES was performed for 1 segment of 31 cases (25 cases of instability segment, 6 cases of no instability segment) and 2 segments including instability segment of 7 cases. Then, all instability segments were treated using mini-incision OLIF and anterolateral screws rod fixation. The average operation duration was 48.9 ± 7.3 min per level for PTES and 69.2 ± 11.6 min for OLIF and anterolateral screws rod fixation. The mean frequency of intraoperative fluoroscopy was 6 (5-9) times per level for PTES and 7 (5-10) times for OLIF. There was a mean blood loss of 30 (15-60) ml, and the incision length was 8.1 ± 1.1 mm for PTES and 40.0 ± 3.2 mm for OLIF. The mean hospital stay was 4 (3-6) days. The average follow-up duration was 31.1 ± 4.0 months. For the clinical evaluation, the VAS pain index and the ODI showed excellent outcomes. Fusion grades based on the Bridwell grading system at 2-year follow-up were grade I in 29 segments (76.3%) and grade II in 9 segments (23.7%). One patient encountered nerve root sleeves rupture during PTES and did not confront cerebrospinal fluid leakage or other abnormal clinical symptoms. There were two cases of hip flexion pain and weakness, which was relieved during 1 week after surgery. No patients had any form of permanent iatrogenic nerve damage and a major complication. No failure of instruments was observed. CONCLUSIONS The hybrid surgery of PTES combined with OLIF and anterolateral screws rod fixation is a good choice of minimally invasive surgery for multi-level LDDs with intervertebral instability, which can get direct neurologic decompression, easy reduction, rigid fixation and solid fusion, and hardly destroy the paraspinal muscles and bone structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyao Zhou
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,Shanghai Southwest Spine Surgery Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yutong Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Southwest Spine Surgery Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Zhou T, Fan W, Gu Y, Che W, Zhang L, Wang Y. Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery combined with mini-incision OLIF and anterolateral screws rod fixation vs. MIS-TLIF for surgical treatment of single-level lumbar spondylolisthesis. Front Surg 2023; 9:1049448. [PMID: 36684264 PMCID: PMC9852646 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1049448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) has been used to treat lumbar spine spondylolisthesis. However, it usually needs posterior pedicle screws fixation for biomechanical stability and possible posterior direct decompression for relieving neurologic symptoms. We use percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery (PTES) combined with mini-incision OLIF and anterolateral screws rod fixation for surgical treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis. The purpose of study is to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of this method compared with minimally invasive surgery-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF). Methods From July 2016 to May 2018, 65 patients of lumbar spondylolisthesis (L2-4) with neurologic symptoms were treated using PTES combined with mini-incision OLIF and anterolateral screws rod fixation (31 cases, group A) or MIS-TLIF (34 cases, group B) in this study. Operative duration, blood loss, incision length, fluoroscopy frequency, and hospital stay are compared. Preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores of back and legs, Oswestry disability index (ODI), intervertebral space height, lumbar lordotic angle, operative segmental lordotic angle, and complications are recorded. The fusion status is assessed according to Bridwell's fusion grades. Results The VAS score of back and leg pain and ODI significantly dropped after surgery in both groups (p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference of back and leg VAS score and ODI between two groups except that back VAS scores in group A were significantly lower than that of group B immediately after surgery (p = 0.000). Group A had significantly more intervertebral space height and operative segmental lordotic angle than group B postoperatively (p = 0.022, p = 0.002). Twenty-three segments (74.2%) were grade I and 8 segments (25.8%) were grade II in group A; 20 segments (58.8%) were grade I and 14 segments (41.2%) were grade II in group B at a 2-year follow-up (p = 0.194). No difference was observed in the complication rate between the two groups (6.5% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.924). Conclusion The long-term clinical efficacy and complication rates of both groups are comparable. PTES combined with mini-incision OLIF and anterolateral screws rod fixation is a good choice of minimally invasive surgery for lumbar spondylolisthesis, which hardly destroys the paraspinal muscles and bone structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyao Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Southwest Spine Surgery Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenshuai Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Southwest Spine Surgery Center, Shanghai, China,Correspondence: Yutong Gu
| | - Wu Che
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Tani Y, Tanaka T, Kawashima K, Masada K, Paku M, Ishihara M, Adachi T, Taniguchi S, Ando M, Saito T. A triple minimally invasive surgery combination for subacute osteoporotic lower lumbar vertebral collapse with neurological compromise: a potential alternative to the vertebral corpectomy/expandable cage strategy. Neurosurg Focus 2023; 54:E10. [PMID: 36587407 DOI: 10.3171/2022.10.focus22609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute/subacute osteoporotic vertebral collapses (OVCs) in the lower lumbar spine with neurological compromise, although far less well documented than those in the thoracolumbar junction, may often pose greater treatment challenges. The authors clarified the utility of 3 familiar combined techniques of minimally invasive surgery for this condition as an alternative to the corpectomy/expandable cage strategy. METHODS This report included the authors' first 5 patients with more than 2 years (range 27-48 months) of follow-up. The patients were between 68 and 91 years of age, and had subacute painful L4 OVC with neurological compromise and preexisting lumbar spinal stenosis. The authors' single-stage minimally invasive surgery combination consisted of the following: step 1, balloon kyphoplasty for the L4 OVC to restore its strength, followed by L4-percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) placement with patients in the prone position; step 2, tubular lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) at the adjacent disc space involved with endplate injury, with patients in the lateral position; and step 3, supplemental PPS-rod fixation with patients in the prone position. RESULTS Estimated blood loss ranged from 20 to 72 mL. Neither balloon kyphoplasty-related nor LLIF-related potentially serious complications occurred. With CT measurements at the 9 LLIF levels, the postoperative increases averaged 3.5 mm in disc height and 3.7 mm in bilateral foraminal heights, which decreased by only 0.2 mm and 0 mm at the latest evaluation despite their low bone mineral densities, with a T-score of -3.8 to -2.6 SD. Canal compromise by fracture retropulsion decreased from 33% to 23% on average. As indicated by MRI measurements, the dural sac progressively enlarged and the ligamentum flavum increasingly shrank over time postoperatively, consistent with functional improvements assessed by the physician-based, patient-centered measures. CONCLUSIONS The advantages of this method over the corpectomy/expandable cage strategy include the following: 1) better anterior column stability with a segmentally placed cage, which reduces stress concentration at the cage footplate-endplate interface as an important benefit for patients with low bone mineral density; 2) indirect decompression through ligamentotaxis caused by whole-segment spine lengthening with LLIF, pushing back both the retropulsed fragments and the disc bulge anteriorly and unbuckling the ligamentum flavum to diminish its volume posteriorly; and 3) eliminating the need for segmental vessel management and easily bleeding direct decompressions. The authors' recent procedural modification eliminated step 3 by performing loose PPS-rod connections in step 1 and their tight locking after LLIF in step 2, reducing to only once the number of times the patient was repositioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Tani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koki Kawashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Masada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Paku
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ishihara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Adachi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Muneharu Ando
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takanori Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Wu C, Bian H, Liu J, Zhao D, Yang H, Chen C, Sun X, Guan B, Sun G, Liu G, Xu B, Ma X, Wang Z, Yang Q. Effects of the cage height and positioning on clinical and radiographic outcome of lateral lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:1075. [PMID: 36482344 PMCID: PMC9733007 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05893-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proper cage positioning and height in lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF). This study evaluated their effects on clinical and radiographic outcome measures in patients undergoing LLIF. METHODS This single-center retrospective study analyzed the characteristics and perioperative data of patients who underwent LLIF between January 2019 and December 2020. Radiographic (lumbar lordosis [LL], foraminal height, disc height [DH], segmental angle [SA], cross-sectional area [CSA] of thecal sac) and clinical (Oswestry Disability Index and Visual Analog Scale) outcomes were assessed preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the last follow-up. The effects of cage height and positioning on these parameters were also investigated. RESULTS With a mean follow-up of 12.8 months, 47 patients with 70 operated level were analyzed. Data demonstrated that postsurgical clinical and radiographic outcome measures were significantly better than before surgery(P < 0.05). Cage height and positioning showed no significant difference with regarding to clinical outcome(P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis of the cage positioning showed that DH and SA were better restored by the final follow-up in patients with anteriorly placed cages than those with posteriorly placed cages (P < 0.05). Cages of posterior position showed significantly upgrading cage subsidence (P = 0.047). Cage height subgroup analysis showed that the preoperative forminal height, DH, and SA in the 11-mm cage group were significantly lower than in the 13-mm cage group; however, these parameters were comparable in the two groups postoperatively and at the final follow-up (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the postoperative and final follow-up degrees of DH, SA, and LL have improved in the 11-mm cage group more than the 13-mm cage group. The preoperative, postoperative, and final follow-up LL values in the 11-mm cage group were lower than in the 13-mm cage group(P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Cage height and positioning did not affect the clinical outcomes in the present study. Cages in anterior position showed better restoration in DH, SA and decreased the incidence of cage subsidence. A comparable radiographic outcome can be achieved by inserting an appropriate cage height based on preoperative radiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyuan Wu
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Departments of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China ,grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Hanming Bian
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Departments of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Liu
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Departments of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Haiyun Yang
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Chao Chen
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Xun Sun
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Binggang Guan
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Guiming Sun
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Gang Liu
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Baoshan Xu
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Xinlong Ma
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, No.1 Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- grid.265021.20000 0000 9792 1228Departments of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China ,grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, No. 406 Jiefangnan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211 China
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McGrath LB, Gadjradj PS, Hussain I, Takoushian E, Kirnaz S, Goldberg JL, Sommer F, Navarro-Ramirez R, Mykolajtchuk C, Ng AZ, Basilious M, Medary B, Härtl R. Ten-Step 3-Dimensional-Navigated Single-Stage Lateral Surgery With Microtubular Decompression: A Case Series. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2022; 23:406-412. [PMID: 36227239 DOI: 10.1227/ons.0000000000000366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-stage lateral lumbar interbody fusion is a safe and effective procedure that relies on indirect decompression and fusion to treat various lumbar pathologies. This technique, however, has an overall 9% rate of indirect decompression failure, which may require additional surgery to achieve adequate direct decompression. To address this concern, we modified this technique by adding a minimally invasive, direct tubular decompression in lateral position when indicated. No study has described the technical nuances of incorporating a microtubular decompression into the single-stage lateral lumbar interbody fusion workflow (SSLLIF+). OBJECTIVE To report on the procedural steps and clinical outcomes of the SSLLIF+. METHODS In this retrospective case series of prospectively collected data, we present the detailed surgical approach of the SSLLIF+ with a single-center case series over a 5-year period. Surgical and clinical outcomes are presented. RESULTS A total of 7 patients underwent a SSLLIF+ with a total of 18 levels fused and 7 levels decompressed. The SSLLIF+ was successfully performed in all cases without the occurrence of intraoperative complications in this case series. There was 1 revision after 20 months of follow-up because of adjacent segment disease. There was no need for further direct decompression in a delayed fashion. CONCLUSION SSLLIF with direct microtubular decompression in lateral position is a safe and effective procedure in patients where indirect decompression alone may not achieve the surgical goal. Adherence to minimally invasive spine surgery principles and thoughtful patient selection facilitate the successful management of these patients while demonstrating short hospital stay and low-risk of perioperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn B McGrath
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
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Tani Y, Saito T, Taniguchi S, Ishihara M, Paku M, Adachi T, Ando M. Radiographic and MRI evidence of indirect neural decompression after the anterior column realignment procedure for adult spinal deformity. J Neurosurg Spine 2022; 37:703-712. [PMID: 35594889 DOI: 10.3171/2022.4.spine211432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The anterior column realignment (ACR) procedure, which consists of sectioning the anterior longitudinal ligament/annulus and placing a hyperlordotic interbody cage, has emerged as a minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for achieving aggressive segmental lordosis enhancement to address adult spinal deformity (ASD). Although accumulated evidence has revealed indirect neural decompression after lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF), whether ACR serves equally well for neural decompression remains to be proven. The current study intended to clarify this ambiguous issue. METHODS A series of 36 ASD patients with spinopelvic mismatch, defined as pelvic incidence (PI) minus lumbar lordosis (LL) > 10°, underwent a combination of ACR, LLIF, and percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) fixation. This "MIS triad" procedure was applied over short segments with mean fusion length of 3.3 levels, and most patients underwent single-level ACR. The authors analyzed full-length standing radiographs, CT and MRI scans, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores in patients with minimum 1 year of follow-up (mean [range] 20.3 [12-39] months). RESULTS Compared with the preoperative values, the radiographic and MRI measurements of the latest postoperative studies changed as follows. Segmental disc angle more than quadrupled at the ACR level and LL nearly doubled. MRI examinations at the ACR level revealed a significant (p < 0.0001) increase in the area of the dural sac that was accompanied by significant (p < 0.0001) decreases in area and thickness of the ligamentum flavum and in thickness of the disc bulge. The corresponding CT scans demonstrated significant (all p < 0.0001) increases in disc height to 280% of the preoperative value at the anterior edge, 224% at the middle edge, and 209% at the posterior edge, as well as in pedicle-to-pedicle distance to 122%. Mean ODI significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased from 46.3 to 26.0. CONCLUSIONS The CT-based data showing vertebral column lengthening across the entire ACR segment with an increasingly greater degree anteriorly suggest that the corrective action of ACR relies on a lever mechanism, with the intact facet joints acting as the fulcrum. Whole-segment spine lengthening at the ACR level reduced the disc bulge anteriorly and the ligamentum flavum posteriorly, with eventual enlargement of the dural sac. ACR plays an important role in not only LL restoration but also stenotic spinal canal enlargement for ASD surgery.
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Wu H, Shan Z, Zhang T, Liu J, Fan S, Zhao F, Cheung JPY. Small Preoperative Dural Sac Cross-Sectional Area and Anteriorly Placed Fusion Cages Are Risk Factors for Indirect Decompression Failure after Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion. World Neurosurg 2022; 167:e1032-e1044. [PMID: 36067941 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.08.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 1) To investigate if implant-related factors such as cage size and cage position are associated with radiologic improvement after indirect decompression with oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF). 2) To investigate the risk factors associated with indirect decompression failure (IDF) at the surgical levels after OLIF. METHODS From February 2015 to December 2019, 92 consecutive patients (188 levels) with lumbar spinal stenosis who underwent indirect decompression via OLIF with or without posterior instrumentation were studied retrospectively. Radiographic variables were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. The radiographic results were compared for cages with different heights and positions. IDF was defined as revision surgery within 6 months or persistent compressive symptoms 6 months after surgery. RESULTS Postoperative improvements were observed in all measured radiographic parameters except for segmental lordosis. Taller cages were associated with more shrinkage of the bulging disc and greater increase in dural sac diameter. Cages placed posteriorly showed larger postoperative subarticular diameters. Twelve patients (16 levels) had IDF. Multivariate logistic regression showed that after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index, smaller preoperative dural sac cross-sectional area and anterior positioning of cages were both independent risk factors for IDF. CONCLUSIONS OLIF is an effective procedure for indirect decompression. To avoid reoperation for lumbar spinal stenosis, surgeons should aim to place the center of the cage at the posterior half of the lower endplate. Surgical levels with a preoperative dural sac cross-sectional area <44 mm2 may not be suitable for indirect decompression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhi Shan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Junhui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengdong Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jason Pui Yin Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Iwasaki M, Hayase H, Takamiya S, Yamazaki K. Preoperative dorsal disc height is a predictor of indirect decompression effect through oblique lateral interbody fusion in lumbar degenerative stenosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31020. [PMID: 36253988 PMCID: PMC9575723 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The extent of indirect decompression after oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is one of the most important factors in deciding the strategy. To assess the radiographical predictors of the effect of indirect decompression in patients with lumbar degenerative spondylosis by OLIF. Thirty-two consecutive patients who underwent OLIF at 58 lumbar disc levels were enrolled in this study. The radiographic measurements included central disc height (cDH), dorsal disc height (dDH), right/left foraminal height in sagittal plane computed tomography (CT), and cross-sectional dural sac antero-posterior diameter (CDSD) in axial plane CT. All patients were followed up for 1 year after surgery. All CT parameters (cDH, dDH, CDSD, right foraminal height [RFH], and left foraminal height [LFH]) significantly increased after OLIF (P < .0001). The mean raised height difference was 4.3, 3.4, 3.4, and 2.6 mm for cDH, dDH, RFH, and LFH, respectively. The mean CDSD increase was 1.4 mm. The median values of post/pre-operation (change rates) were 1.5 times in cDH, 1.9 times in dDH, and 1.2 times in CDSD, RFH, and LFH. RFH and LFH change rates were related with both cDH and dDH change rates, while the CDSD change rate was only associated with the dDH change rate (P = .0206*) but not with cDH (P = .2061). There was a significant negative relationship between the CDSD change rate and preoperative dDH (P = .0311*, R2 = 0.0817) but not with preoperative cDH (P = .4864). OLIF should be avoided for patients with preserved high dDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyuki Iwasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Otaru General Hospital, Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan
- * Correspondence: Department of Neurosurgery, Otaru General Hospital, Otaru, Hokkaido 047-8550, Japan (e-mail: )
| | - Hitoshi Hayase
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido Ohno Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Soichiro Takamiya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yamazaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Izeki M, Fujio K, Ota S, Soga S, Matsuda S. Radiological follow-up of the degenerated facet joints after lateral lumbar interbody fusion with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation: Focus on spontaneous facet joint fusion. J Orthop Sci 2022; 27:982-989. [PMID: 34373146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) is widely used in degenerative lumbar spine surgery. Previous studies of radiographic investigations after LLIF have assessed the anterior interbody fusion rate, the changes in the segmental lumbar lordosis, efficacy of indirect neural decompression, and remodeling of the ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and spinal canal dimension, and so on. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiological changes in the degenerated facet joints following LLIF with bilateral percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) fixation, focusing on spontaneous fusion. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 31 patients (79 surgical levels) who underwent two- or three-level LLIF with PPS fixation without direct posterior decompression and bone grafting. We assessed the fusion rate and characteristics of the facet joints' fusion process on the preoperative, immediately postoperative, 12-month, and at least 2-year computed tomography (CT) images. On average, the last follow-up CT was performed after 30.2 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis investigated factors related to spontaneous facet joint fusion postoperatively. RESULTS The fusion rates of the interbody and facet joints were 32.9% (26/79) and 19.0% (15/79) after 12-months and 79.7% (63/79) and 58.2% (46/79) at the final CT follow-up, respectively. Of the 46 cases with spontaneous facet fusion, three cases fused posteriorly only. Concomitant anterior interbody fusion was seen in 43/46 (93.5%) cases. Facet fusion started in a ring shape from the outermost joint edges, exposing subchondral bone without cartilage covering, and progressed to the central thicker cartilage regions. Multivariate analysis established that concomitant anterior interbody fusion (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 12.10, P = 0.0035) and preoperative facet joint osteoarthritis of Weishaupt Grade ≧ 1 (aOR: 4.770, P = 0.0068) were significant contributing factors to postoperative spontaneous facet fusion. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that spontaneous facet fusion frequently occurs after LLIF and may be an indicator of the inherent structural stability of the LLIF construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Izeki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Keiji Fujio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maki Orthopaedic Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Soichi Ota
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Soga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
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Woo JB, Son DW, Lee SH, Lee JS, Lee SW, Song GS. Which factor can predict the effect of indirect decompression using oblique lumbar interbody fusion? Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29948. [PMID: 35960052 PMCID: PMC9371523 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between various factors of indirect decompression. Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of indirect decompression. There is no consensus regarding the predictive factors for indirect decompression. Facet joint gap (FJG) and bulging disc thickness (BDT) have never been considered as factors in other studies. We retrospectively reviewed 62 patients who underwent OLIF L4/5 between April 2018 and September 2020. The relationships between cross-sectional area (CSA) change, CSA change ratio, spinal stenosis grade, and various factors were studied. Various factors related to indirect decompression, such as ligament flavum thickness (LFT), foraminal area (FA), disc height (DH), bulging disc thickness(BDT), and facet joint gap (FJG), were measured. CSA increased from 69.72 mm2 preoperatively to 115.95 mm2 postoperatively (P < .001). BDT decreased from 4.97 mm preoperatively to 2.56 mm postoperatively (P < .001). FJG (Right) increased from 2.99 mm preoperatively to 4.38 mm postoperatively (P < .001). FJG (Left) increased from 2.95 mm preoperatively to 4.52 mm postoperatively (P < .001). The improvement of spinal stenosis grade was as follows: 1 point up group, 38 patients; 2 point up groups, 19 patients; and 3 point up groups, 3 patients. The correlation factors were prespinal stenosis grade (0.723, P < .00), CSA change (0.490, P < .00), and FJG change ratio (left, 0.336, P < .008). FJG showed statistical significance with indirect decompression. Indirect decompression principles might be utilized in patients with severe spinal canal stenosis (even grade 4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Bum Woo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Haeundae-gu, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong-Wuk Son
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- *Correspondence: Dong-Wuk Son, Department of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20 Geumo-Ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (e-mail: )
| | - Su-Hun Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jun-Seok Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sang Weon Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Geun Sung Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
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Comparing the medium-term outcomes of lumbar interbody fusion via transforaminal and oblique approach in treating lumbar degenerative disc diseases. Spine J 2022; 22:993-1001. [PMID: 34906739 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) has been proven to be effective in treating lumbar degenerative disorders (LDDs) via indirect decompression. However, its superiority over transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) remains questionable, especially in terms of medium-term follow-up. PURPOSE To compare the medium-term clinical and radiological outcomes of TLIF and OLIF in treating patients with LDDs. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective comparative study. PATIENT SAMPLE Fifty-two patients treated by TLIF and forty-six patients treated by OLIF. OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical records including the visual analog scale (VAS) score of the lower back and leg and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Radiological records including disk height (DH), lumbar lordosis (LL), segmental lordosis (SL), the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the spinal canal, and fusion rate. Surgical-related information and complications were also recorded. METHODS A retrospective review was performed on patients who were surgically managed for LDDs at L4-5 between 2015 and 2017 and completed at least 4 years of follow-up. A total of 98 patients were analyzed, with 46 patients treated by OLIF combined with anterolateral single screw-rod fixation (OLIF-AF group), and 52 patients treated by TLIF (TLIF group). Parameters including postoperative outcomes and perioperative complications were compared with evaluate the efficacy of the two approaches. RESULTS There was significantly less bleeding, surgical duration, and hospitalization in the OLIF-AF group than in the TLIF group. Significant improvements in the clinical score were achieved in both groups. However, the VAS score of the lower back was significantly higher in the TLIF group than in the OLIF-AF group throughout the whole follow-up period. Significantly higher expansion of the CSA was found in the TLIF group than in the OLIF-AF group. However, the improvements in DH, LL, and SL were significantly lower in the TLIF group. The fusion rate was significantly higher in the OLIF-AF group than in the TLIF group within 6 months postoperatively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups at the final record. No significant difference was found in the rate of overall complications between the two groups (25.0% vs. 23.9%, p=.545). The intraoperative complication rate in the TLIF group (13.5%) was slightly higher than that in the OLIF-AF group (6.5%) (p=.257). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adjacent segment disorder (ASD) between the two groups (7.7% vs. 10.9%, p=.422). Cage subsidence was slightly lower in the TLIF group (5.8%) than in the OLIF-AF group (13.0%) (p=.298). CONCLUSIONS Both the TLIF and OLIF-AF approaches demonstrated good medium-term outcomes in treating LDDs. Compared with TLIF, OLIF-AF showed advantages in postoperative recovery, improvement of intervertebral space and lumbar sagittal balance, and early intervertebral fusion but was associated with inferior spinal canal decompression efficacy. The two approaches shared comparable overall complication rates. However, OLIF-AF tended to have fewer intraoperative complications, and a higher incidence of subsidence.
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Gao QY, Wei FL, Li T, Zhu KL, Du MR, Heng W, Yang F, Gao HR, Qian JX, Zhou CP. Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion vs. Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:829426. [PMID: 35665352 PMCID: PMC9160969 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.829426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) is an effective surgical option for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with spondylolisthesis. However, few studies have discussed oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) with MIS-TLIF. OBJECTIVE To evaluate postoperative improvements, complications, and reoperation rates between patients with LSS undergoing OLIF or MIS-TLIF. METHODS We retrospectively studied 113 LLS patients who underwent OLIF (53) or MIS-TLIF (60) with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation between January 2016 and December 2018. We measured estimated blood loss, operative time, hospital stay, reoperation, and complication incidence, visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), and Short Form-36 (SF-36) scores, discal and foraminal height and lumbar lordotic angle. RESULTS The mean age was 58.81 ± 0.9 years. The TLIF group had increased operation time, blood loss, and hospital stays (p = 0.007, 0.001, and 0.016, respectively). Postoperatively, VAS and ODI scores significantly decreased while JOA and SF-36 scores significantly increased. The postoperative differences in main outcomes between the groups were insignificant (all p > 0.05). The OLIF group had the lowest rates of overall (9.8% OLIF vs. 12.9% MIS-TLIF), intraoperative (3.9% OLIF vs. 4.8% MIS-TLIF), and postoperative complications (5.9% OLIF vs. 8.1% MIS-TLIF), but the differences were insignificant (p = 0.607, 0.813, and 0.653, respectively). The reoperation rate did not differ significantly (3.8% OLIF vs. 3.3% MIS-TLIF) (p = 0.842). OLIF restored disc height (74.4 vs. 32.0%), foraminal height (27.4 vs. 18.2%), and lumbar lordotic angle (3.5 vs. 1.1%) with greater success than did MIS-TLIF. CONCLUSION Patients undergoing OLIF with LSS improved similarly to MIS-TLIF patients. OLIF restored disc height, foraminal height and lumbar lordotic angle more successfully than did MIS-TLIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-You Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei-Long Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai-Long Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming-Rui Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Heng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao-Ran Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ji-Xian Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng-Pei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Zhou J, Yuan C, Liu C, Liu M, Zhou L, Wang J. Assessment of vertebral bone mineral density and stand-alone oblique lumbar interbody fusion for adjacent segment disease and primary lumbar degenerative diseases. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2022; 30:10225536221091846. [PMID: 35410526 DOI: 10.1177/10225536221091846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the vertebral bone mineral density and the value of stand-alone oblique lumbar interbody fusion (SA OLIF) for the management of single-level adjacent segment disease (ASD) and primary lumbar degenerative diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy-eight patients undergoing single-level SA OLIF was divided into index surgery group (n = 36) or revision surgery group (n = 42) at single center. The vertebral body Hounsfield units (HU) value was measured to assess bone mineral density of operated level by the preoperative CT. The following data were retrospectively collected and compared between the two groups: demographic, surgical data, clinical results, and complications. RESULTS No differences were found between the two groups in surgical data. The fusion segment HU values in the revision group were significantly higher than that in the index group (147.4 ± 35.3 vs 129.2 ± 38.4 p = .033). There were significant differences while comparing fusion segment HU values to L1-L4 horizontal plane (147.4 ± 35.3 vs 126.1 ± 28.4, p = .000) and L1 (147.4 ± 35.3 vs 126.8 ± 26.2, p = .000) in revision group, meanwhile, no statistically significant difference was observed in index group (p > .05). The cage subsidence was observed in the revision group (n = 2) and index group (n = 9) (p = .045). The patients with cage subsidence had significantly lower vertebral HU values. CONCLUSION SA OLIF is valid alternative to the traditional posterior approach in the management of ASD with good clinical outcomes at short-term follow-up. Increased HU values of fusion segment may play a role in the management of ASD by SA OLIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital, 105785The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital, 105785The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital, 105785The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minghan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital, 105785The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital, 105785The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital, 105785The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Kim H, Chang BS, Chang SY. Pearls and Pitfalls of Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Neurospine 2022; 19:163-176. [PMID: 35378589 PMCID: PMC8987540 DOI: 10.14245/ns.2143236.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumbar degenerative disease is a common problem in an aging society. Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive surgical (MIS) technique that utilizes a retroperitoneal antepsoas corridor to treat lumbar degenerative disease. OLIF has theoretical advantages over other lumbar fusion techniques, such as a lower risk of lumbar plexus injury than direct lateral interbody fusion (DLIF). Previous studies have reported favorable clinical and radiological outcomes of OLIF in various lumbar degenerative diseases. The use of OLIF is increasing, and evidence on OLIF is growing in the literature. The indications for OLIF are also expanding with the help of recent technical developments, including stereotactic navigation systems and robotics. In this review, we present current evidence on OLIF for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease, focusing on the expansion of surgical indications and recent advancements in the OLIF procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoungmin Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Soon Chang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sam Yeol Chang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding Author Sam Yeol Chang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4152-687X Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehakro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Comparison of unremoved intervertebral disc location between two lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) techniques. World Neurosurg 2022; 160:e322-e327. [PMID: 35017077 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare location and amount of unremoved intervertebral disc between XLIF and OLIF. METHODS Postoperative magnetic resonance images (MRI) of patients who underwent XLIF and OLIF for degenerative spine diseases were reviewed. An axial cut T2-weight image which was the middle cut of operated disc space was selected. We divided disc area into 5 zones: central, left anterior, left posterior, right anterior, and right posterior. Disc area was measured using Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACs) program. The angle of intervertebral cage was also measured. RESULTS A total of 61 levels of XLIF from 51 patients and 62 levels of OLIF from 34 patients were included. The area of unremoved disc at left anterior, right anterior, and left posterior zones of OLIF were significantly more than XLIF (55.7±41.5 vs 29.8±33.3 mm2, 57.9±43.6 vs 34.1±33.1 mm2 and 50.5±41.8 vs 31.5±35.9 mm2 respectively; P<0.01). No significant differences were found at the right posterior and central zones. A 9.2º±6.1º and 0.7º±4.9º cage angulation from left anterior to right posterior was found in OLIF and XLIF respectively with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Our study found a greater area of unremoved disc in OLIF compared to XLIF. The common locations were in the contralateral side of the surgical approach, right anterior in OLIF, and right posterior in XLIF. The greater area of the unremoved disc in the anterior zone after OLIF due to oblique corridor to disc space may cause cage malposition. Meticulous disc removal should be done especially in OLIF to prevent complications.
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Mahatthanatrakul A, Kotheeranurak V, Lin GX, Hur JW, Chung HJ, Lokanath YK, Pakdeenit B, Kim JS. Do Obliquity and Position of the Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Cage Influence the Degree of Indirect Decompression of Foraminal Stenosis? J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2021; 65:74-83. [PMID: 34879642 PMCID: PMC8752895 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2021.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is a surgical technique that utilizes a large interbody cage to indirectly decompress neural elements. The position of the cage relative to the vertebral body could affect the degree of foraminal decompression. Previous studies determined the position of the cage using plain radiographs, with conflicting results regarding the influence of the position of the cage to the degree of neural foramen decompression. Because of the cage obliquity, computed tomography (CT) has better accuracy than plain radiograph for the measurement of the obliquely inserted cage. The objective of this study is to find the correlation between the position of the OLIF cage with the degree of indirect decompression of foraminal stenosis using CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods We review imaging of 46 patients who underwent OLIF from L2-L5 for 68 levels. Segmental lordosis (SL) was measured in a plain radiograph. The positions of the cage were measured in CT. Spinal canal cross-sectional area (SCSA), and foraminal crosssectional area (FSCA) measurements using MRI were taken into consideration.
Results Patients’ mean age was 69.7 years. SL increases 3.0±5.1 degrees. Significant increases in SCSA (33.3%), FCSA (43.7% on the left and 45.0% on the right foramen) were found (p<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis shows putting the cage in the more posterior position correlated with more increase of FSCA and decreases SL correction. The position of the cage does not affect the degree of the central spinal canal decompression. Obliquity of the cage does not result in different degrees of foraminal decompression between right and left side neural foramen.
Conclusion Cage position near the posterior part of the vertebral body increases the decompression effect of the neural foramen while putting the cage in the more anterior position correlated with increases SL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vit Kotheeranurak
- Department of Orthopaedics, Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Sri Racha, Thailand
| | - Guang-Xun Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jung-Woo Hur
- Department of Neurosurgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Jung Chung
- Spine Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yadhu K Lokanath
- Spine Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boonserm Pakdeenit
- Spine Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Orthopaedics, Burapha University Hospital, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Jin-Sung Kim
- Spine Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Neal MT, Kalani MA, Lyons MK. A Technical Nuance to Avoid Lumbar Five Radiculopathy with Anterior Lumbar Fusion and Posterior Instrumentation. Case Rep Orthop 2021; 2021:5514720. [PMID: 33833886 PMCID: PMC8016583 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5514720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) is a well-established procedure used to treat a multitude of spinal pathologies. When performed at the L5-S1 level, the ALIF is often supplemented with posterior pedicle screw and rod fixation. Because the interbody device can restore disk and foraminal height, one benefit of the ALIF procedure is indirect neural decompression in the spinal canal and neural foramina. If the contour of the posterior rod is not matched to the exact position of the tulip heads on the pedicle screws, spondylolisthesis can be introduced, leading to foraminal stenosis and nerve compression. This concern is particularly germane when the posterior instrumentation is placed percutaneously without any direct foraminal decompression. In this report, we describe a patient who had an L4-S1 ALIF, resulting in new L5-S1 retrolisthesis and worsening L5 radiculopathy. Technical nuances and avoidance strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Neal
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 5777 East Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Maziyar A. Kalani
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 5777 East Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Mark K. Lyons
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 5777 East Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
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Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion versus Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: A Single-Center Retrospective Comparative Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6693446. [PMID: 33824877 PMCID: PMC8007343 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6693446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective To compare the efficacy of oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in single-level degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS). Methods A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent single-level DLS surgery in our department from 2015 to 2018 was performed. According to the surgical method, the enrolled patients were divided into two groups, namely, the OLIF group who underwent OLIF combined with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) and the TLIF group. Clinical outcomes included operation time, operation blood loss, postoperative drainage, hospital stay, visual analog scale (VAS) score, Oswestry disability index (ODI), and complications, and imaging outcomes included upper vertebral slip, intervertebral space height (ISH), intervertebral foramen height (IFH), intervertebral space angle (ISA), lumbar lordosis (LL), and bone fusion rate. All outcomes were recorded and analyzed. Results A total of 65 patients were finally included, and there were 28 patients and 37 patients in the OLIF group and the TLIF group, respectively. The OLIF group showed shorter operation time, less blood loss, less postoperative drainage, and shorter hospital stay than the TLIF group (P < 0.05). The ISH, IFH, ISA, and LL were all larger in the OLIF group at postoperative and last follow-up (P < 0.05), but the degree of upper vertebral slip was found no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The bone graft fusion rate of OLIF group and TLIF group at 3 months, 6 months, and last follow-up was 78.57%, 92.86%, and 100% and 70.27%, 86.49%, and 97.30%, respectively, and no significant differences were found (P > 0.05). Compared with the TLIF group, the OLIF group showed a superior improvement in VAS and ODI at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperative (P < 0.05), but no differences were found at 12 months postoperative and the last follow-up (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in complications between the two groups, with 4 patients and 6 patients in the OLIF group and TLIF group, respectively (P > 0.05). Conclusions Compared with TLIF, OLIF showed the advantages of less surgical invasion, better decompression effect, and faster postoperative recovery in single-level DLS surgery.
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Kim YH, Ha KY, Rhyu KW, Park HY, Cho CH, Kim HC, Lee HJ, Kim SI. Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Techniques, Pearls and Pitfalls. Asian Spine J 2020; 14:730-741. [PMID: 33108838 PMCID: PMC7595814 DOI: 10.31616/asj.2020.0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) is an effective and popular surgical procedure for the management of various spinal pathologies, especially degenerative diseases. Currently, LIF can be performed with posterior, transforaminal, anterior, and lateral approaches by open surgery or minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. In general, posterior LIF is a well-established procedure with good fusion rates and low complication rates but is limited by the possibility of iatrogenic injury to the neural structures and paraspinal muscles. Transforaminal LIF is frequently performed using an MIS technique and has an advantage of reducing these iatrogenic injuries. Anterior LIF (ALIF) can restore the disk height and sagittal alignment but has inherent approach-related challenges such as visceral and vascular complications. Lateral LIF and oblique LIF are performed using an MIS technique and have shown postoperative outcomes similar to ALIF; however, these approaches carry a risk of injury to psoas, lumbar plexus, and vascular structures. Herein, we provide a detailed description of the surgical procedures of each LIF technique. We shall then consider the pearls and pitfalls, as well as propose surgical indications and contraindications based on the available evidence in the literatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hoon Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Yong Ha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Won Rhyu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyung-Youl Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Cho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hun-Chul Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Il Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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