Britanin – a beacon of hope against gastrointestinal tumors?

Table 1 Efficacy of Britanin from various plant sources in inhibiting gastrointestinal cancer cell lines

Gastrointestinal tumor	Cell line	Source of Britanin	IC50 (μmol/L)	Ref.
Liver cancer	HuH-7	Inula aucheriana	27.86 ± 1.353	Cui et al[19]
Liver cancer	SMMC-7721	Inula aucheriana	28.92 ± 1.093	Cui et al[19]
Liver cancer	HepG2	Inula aucheriana	15.69 ± 1.583	Cui et al[19]
Liver cancer	HepG2	Inula aucheriana	6.0041,4	Moghadam et al[14]
Liver cancer	HepG2	Inula japonica	35.55	Piao et al[17]
Liver cancer	HepG2	Unspecified2	6.0065	Li et al[21]
Liver cancer	BEL-7402	Unspecified2	2.7025	Li et al[21]
Colorectal cancer	HT-29	Inula japonica	3.95	Piao et al[17]
Pancreatic cancer	MIA CaPa-2	Inula linearifolia	3.1044	Li et al[22]
Pancreatic cancer	BxPC-3	Inula linearifolia	3.3674	Li et al[22]
Pancreatic cancer	PANC-1	Inula linearifolia	1.3484	Li et al[22]
Pancreatic cancer	PANC-1	Inula aucheriana	40 ± 5.633	Moeinifard et al[18]
Pancreatic cancer	AsPC-1	Inula aucheriana	30 ± 4.613	Moeinifard et al[18]
Gastric cancer	BGC-832	Inula japonica	4.9994	Shi et al[20]
Gastric cancer	SGC-7901	Inula japonica	2.2434	Shi et al[20]

¹Recalculated from μg/mL to μmol/L to standardize the unit (molecular weight of Britanin, i.e., 366.4 g/mol, was acquired from PubChem 2.1).

²Unspecified Britanin source (non-open access paper with no data in abstract).

³24-h incubation time with Britanin.

⁴72-h incubation time with Britanin.

⁵Unspecified incubation time with Britanin (non-open access paper or no data).

IC₅₀: Half-maximal inhibitory concentration.