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World J Clin Oncol. Oct 10, 2014; 5(4): 713-729
Published online Oct 10, 2014. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v5.i4.713
Published online Oct 10, 2014. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v5.i4.713
Alcohol drinking and mammary cancer: Pathogenesis and potential dietary preventive alternatives
Gerardo Daniel Castro, José A Castro, Centro de Investigaciones Toxicológicas, CITEDEF, B1603ALO Villa Martelli, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina
Gerardo Daniel Castro, José A Castro, Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín, B1650ANQ San Martín, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina
Author contributions: Castro GD and Castro JA contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence to: José A Castro, PhD, Professor of Toxicology, Centro de Investigaciones Toxicológicas, CITEDEF, Juan B. de La Salle 4397, B1603ALO Villa Martelli, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. jcastro@unsam.edu.ar
Telephone: +54-11-47098100 Fax: +54-11-47095911
Received: December 10, 2013
Revised: January 21, 2014
Accepted: April 3, 2014
Published online: October 10, 2014
Processing time: 233 Days and 21 Hours
Revised: January 21, 2014
Accepted: April 3, 2014
Published online: October 10, 2014
Processing time: 233 Days and 21 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Excessive alcohol drinking of any type of alcoholic beverage is known to linearly increase the risk of breast cancer. The precise mechanism involved to produce this effect is still far from being established. In this review we introduce our present working hypothesis integrating the participation in cancer initiation and promotion of: in situ accumulation of the acetaldehyde metabolite, the local promotion of oxidative stress and the effects of the increased levels of estrogen occurring during alcohol drinking. Some potential preventive alternatives were also analyzed.