Published online Feb 10, 2014. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v5.i1.28
Revised: November 5, 2013
Accepted: November 18, 2013
Published online: February 10, 2014
Processing time: 153 Days and 13 Hours
Leiomyosarcoma is a rare form of cancer commonly found in the retroperitoneum, uterus, stomach, small intestine and vascular tissue. Surgery with a wide margin of resection is the most effective treatment. Nevertheless, metastasis is common and generally occurs within the first 3 years. The liver and lungs are the most common sites of metastasis in leiomyosarcoma. Other sites of metastasis include bone, spleen, soft tissues and brain. Metastatic tumours of the clitoris are extremely rare. As cited in the literature, the most common cancers that metastasize to the clitoris are breast, bladder, renal and gastric. Here, we report a case of a clitoral mass in a 64-year-old woman who received an operation for retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma 4 years prior. Mass resection was performed. The pathological diagnosis was a leiomyosarcoma metastasis. The patient also presented with brain and lung metastases at the time of the clitoral metastasis. This is the first case of clitoral and brain metastases originating from a retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma.
Core tip: This is the first case of a clitoral metastasis originating from a retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma. Furthermore, this report highlights the importance of atypical metastases in leiomyosarcomas.