Yang J, Wang ZY, Chen J, Zhang Y, Chen L. Nomogram for overall survival in ampullary adenocarcinoma using the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database and external validation. World J Clin Oncol 2025; 16(2): 95910 [DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i2.95910]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Lei Chen, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, No. 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China. chenlei_1977603@126.com
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Observational Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Clin Oncol. Feb 24, 2025; 16(2): 95910 Published online Feb 24, 2025. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i2.95910
Nomogram for overall survival in ampullary adenocarcinoma using the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database and external validation
Jia Yang, Zi-Yi Wang, Jing Chen, Yao Zhang, Lei Chen
Jia Yang, Zi-Yi Wang, Jing Chen, Lei Chen, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
Yao Zhang, Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
Co-first authors: Jia Yang and Zi-Yi Wang.
Author contributions: Chen L conceived and designed this study; Yang J, Wang ZY, and Zhang Y collected and analyzed patient data; Yang J and Wang ZY drafted and completed the manuscript; Yang J and Chen J prepared the tables and figures; Yang J and Wang ZY contributed equally to this work; All authors are accountable for interpreting the data and revising the manuscript.
Supported by the Appropriate Technology Promotion Program in Chongqing, No. 2023jstg005.
Institutional review board statement: For the Chinese validation cohort, this study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, No. (B) KY2023175.
Informed consent statement: For the Chinese validation cohort, the ethics review board exempted this study from the requirement of informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: The data supporting the results of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—a checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-a checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Lei Chen, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, No. 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China. chenlei_1977603@126.com
Received: April 22, 2024 Revised: September 28, 2024 Accepted: November 20, 2024 Published online: February 24, 2025 Processing time: 233 Days and 7 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Ampullary adenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. Currently, only a few cases have been reported, resulting in limited information on survival.
AIM
To develop a dynamic nomogram using internal and external validation to predict survival in patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma.
METHODS
Data were sourced from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results stat database. The patients in the database were randomized in a 7:3 ratio into training and validation groups. Using Cox regression univariate and multivariate analyses in the training group, we identified independent risk factors for overall survival and cancer-specific survival to develop the nomogram. The nomogram was validated with a cohort of patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University.
RESULTS
For overall and cancer-specific survival, 12 (sex, age, race, lymph node ratio, tumor size, chemotherapy, surgical modality, T stage, tumor differentiation, brain metastasis, lung metastasis, and extension) and 6 (age; surveillance, epidemiology, and end results stage; lymph node ratio; chemotherapy; surgical modality; and tumor differentiation) independent risk factors, respectively, were incorporated into the nomogram. The area under the curve values at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively, were 0.807, 0.842, and 0.826 for overall survival and 0.816, 0.835, and 0.841 for cancer-specific survival. The internal and external validation cohorts indicated good consistency of the nomogram.
CONCLUSION
The dynamic nomogram offers robust predictive efficacy for the overall and cancer-specific survival of ampullary adenocarcinoma.
Core Tip: In this study, we analyzed the prognosis of patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma by incorporating data from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results stat and data from Chinese medical centers. Different from other studies, we found that chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of patients.
