Published online Dec 24, 2023. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v14.i12.620
Peer-review started: September 5, 2023
First decision: November 14, 2023
Revised: November 22, 2023
Accepted: December 13, 2023
Article in press: December 13, 2023
Published online: December 24, 2023
Processing time: 107 Days and 21.3 Hours
Intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm (ITPN) is a rare disease accounting for approximately 3% of all intraductal pancreatic tumors, with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) being one of the most common differential diagnoses. Both ITPN and IPMN display slow growth. A branched pancreatic duct type is commonly observed in IPMN, whereas ITPN derived from the branched pancreatic duct has been reported in a limited number of cases; hence, its pathogenesis remains unclear.
Here, we present the case of a patient with ITPN localized in a branched pancreatic duct, with poorly controlled irritable bowel syndrome. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen incidentally revealed a 5-mm oligemic nodule-like change in the body of the pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) indicated a 10-mm hypoechoic mass without any cystic structures that had grown within 2 mo. EUS-guided fine needle aspiration was performed for definitive diagnosis, and the findings suggested ductal papillary carcinoma. Distal pancreatectomy was performed, and the tumor was pathologically diagnosed as ITPN with an invasive cancerous component, pT3N1aM0, pStage IIB (International Cancer Control, 8th edition). The patient underwent treatment with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (S-1 monotherapy); however, relapse was observed 1 year and 10 mo after surgical resection, and subsequent treatment involving a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy was administered. Maintenance therapy has since facilitated a stable disease state.
Regardless of the microscopic size of the neoplasm, early diagnosis of ITPN with EUS-guided fine needle aspiration and surgical resection are crucial.
Core Tip: Intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm (ITPN), a relatively rare intraductal pancreatic cancer, is frequently derived from the main pancreatic duct rather than from the branching ducts. Although tumors with larger diameters are more likely to develop into cancer, we reported a case of small ITPN originating from a bifurcated pancreatic duct rapidly developing into invasive cancer. The tumor was diagnosed and managed with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration and surgery. However, relapse occurred 1 year and 10 mo postoperatively and was managed using chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Our case suggests the importance of early diagnosis and surgical resection even of a small ITPN.