Lima de Souza Gonçalves V, Cordeiro Santos ML, Silva Luz M, Santos Marques H, de Brito BB, França da Silva FA, Souza CL, Oliveira MV, de Melo FF. From Helicobacter pylori infection to gastric cancer: Current evidence on the immune response. World J Clin Oncol 2022; 13(3): 186-199 [PMID: 35433296 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v13.i3.186]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Fabrício Freire de Melo, PhD, Professor, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Rua Hormindo Barros, 58, Quadra 17, Lote 58, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil. freiremelo@yahoo.com.br
Research Domain of This Article
Oncology
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Clin Oncol. Mar 24, 2022; 13(3): 186-199 Published online Mar 24, 2022. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v13.i3.186
From Helicobacter pylori infection to gastric cancer: Current evidence on the immune response
Vinícius Lima de Souza Gonçalves, Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos, Marcel Silva Luz, Hanna Santos Marques, Breno Bittencourt de Brito, Filipe Antônio França da Silva, Cláudio Lima Souza, Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira, Fabrício Freire de Melo
Vinícius Lima de Souza Gonçalves, Hanna Santos Marques, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Campus Vitória da Conquista, Vitória da Conquista 45083-900, Bahia, Brazil
Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos, Marcel Silva Luz, Breno Bittencourt de Brito, Filipe Antônio França da Silva, Cláudio Lima Souza, Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira, Fabrício Freire de Melo, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
Author contributions: All authors equally contributed to this paper with conception and design of the study, literature review and analysis, drafting and critical revision and editing and final approval of the final version.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interest associated with any of the senior author or other coauthors contributed their efforts in this manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Fabrício Freire de Melo, PhD, Professor, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Rua Hormindo Barros, 58, Quadra 17, Lote 58, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil. freiremelo@yahoo.com.br
Received: March 14, 2021 Peer-review started: March 14, 2021 First decision: July 18, 2021 Revised: July 31, 2021 Accepted: February 15, 2022 Article in press: February 15, 2022 Published online: March 24, 2022 Processing time: 374 Days and 17.4 Hours
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the result of a multifactorial process whose main components are infection by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), bacterial virulence factors, host immune response and environmental factors. The development of the neoplastic microenvironment also depends on genetic and epigenetic changes in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, which results in deregulation of cell signaling pathways and apoptosis process. This review summarizes the main aspects of the pathogenesis of GC and the immune response involved in chronic inflammation generated by H. pylori.
Core Tip: Understanding the factors related to the host, infection by Helicobacter pylori and the mechanisms of tumor evasion are fundamental to understand the development of gastric cancer (GC). However, in the face of a complex immune environment, there are still many questions to be answered. Thus, we highlight in this work the main aspects related to GC, from infection and gastric microenvironment to immune response.
