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Zhang HL, Zhao R, Wang D, Mohd Sapudin SN, Yahaya BH, Harun MSR, Zhang ZW, Song ZJ, Liu YT, Doblin S, Lu P. Candida albicans and colorectal cancer: A paradoxical role revealed through metabolite profiling and prognostic modeling. World J Clin Oncol 2025; 16:104182. [DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i4.104182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2024] [Revised: 01/11/2025] [Accepted: 01/23/2025] [Indexed: 03/26/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence implicates Candida albicans (C. albicans) in human oncogenesis. Notably, studies have supported its involvement in regulating outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study investigated the paradoxical role of C. albicans in CRC, aiming to determine whether it promotes or suppresses tumor development, with a focus on the mechanistic basis linked to its metabolic profile.
AIM To investigate the dual role of C. albicans in the development and progression of CRC through metabolite profiling and to establish a prognostic model that integrates the microbial and metabolic interactions in CRC, providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies and clinical outcomes.
METHODS A prognostic model integrating C. albicans with CRC was developed, incorporating enrichment analysis, immune infiltration profiling, survival analysis, Mendelian randomization, single-cell sequencing, and spatial transcriptomics. The effects of the C. albicans metabolite mixture on CRC cells were subsequently validated in vitro. The primary metabolite composition was characterized using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
RESULTS A prognostic model based on five specific mRNA markers, EHD4, LIME1, GADD45B, TIMP1, and FDFT1, was established. The C. albicans metabolite mixture significantly reduced CRC cell viability. Post-treatment analysis revealed a significant decrease in gene expression in HT29 cells, while the expression levels of TIMP1, EHD4, and GADD45B were significantly elevated in HCT116 cells. Conversely, LIME1 expression and that of other CRC cell lines showed reductions. In normal colonic epithelial cells (NCM460), GADD45B, TIMP1, and FDFT1 expression levels were significantly increased, while LIME1 and EHD4 levels were markedly reduced. Following metabolite treatment, the invasive and migratory capabilities of NCM460, HT29, and HCT116 cells were reduced. Quantitative analysis of extracellular ATP post-treatment showed a significant elevation (P < 0.01). The C. albicans metabolite mixture had no effect on reactive oxygen species accumulation in CRC cells but led to a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential, increased intracellular lipid peroxidation, and induced apoptosis. Metabolomic profiling revealed significant alterations, with 516 metabolites upregulated and 531 downregulated.
CONCLUSION This study introduced a novel prognostic model for CRC risk assessment. The findings suggested that the C. albicans metabolite mixture exerted an inhibitory effect on CRC initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan Province, China
- Department of Biomedical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pinang 13200, Malaysia
| | - Rui Zhao
- Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pinang 13200, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nurfatimah Mohd Sapudin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 13200, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 13200, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Syamsul Reza Harun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 13200, Malaysia
| | - Zhong-Wen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jing Song
- Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yan-Ting Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan Province, China
| | - Sandai Doblin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 13200, Malaysia
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan Province, China
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Pakbin B, Dibazar SP, Allahyari S, Mohammadi F, Ovissipour R, Peymani A, Amirvaresi A. Candida albicans cell-free extract against human gastric cancer; an in-vitro study. BMC Res Notes 2025; 18:87. [PMID: 40016834 PMCID: PMC11869586 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-025-07081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2025] [Indexed: 03/01/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Yeast cell-free extracts and supernatants contain several compounds such as β-glucan, mannan, chitin, and mannoprotein with potent antitumor and other health-promoting activities. Candida albicans have been frequently and widely isolated from different habitats compared to other yeasts. The supernatant extracted from this yeast also contains β-glucan, chitin, and mannan compounds. This study investigates the anticancer, apoptosis-inducing, and downregulation of proinflammatory gene expression activities in normal and drug-resistant human stomach cancer cells (EPG and RDB cell lines) after 24 and 48 h treatment. RESULTS We found that Candida albicans supernatant-induced apoptosis suppressed the survivin gene expression in both cell lines and suppressed the expression of IL-8 and NF-ƙB genes in normal stomach cancer cells. IC50 for EPG cells were 1599 µg/mL and 1040 µg/mL after 24 and 48 h treatment, respectively; and for RDB cells were 877 µg/mL and 675 µg/mL after 24 and 48 h treatment, respectively. Consequently, this work suggests that Candida albicans supernatant can potentially protect against and treat human stomach cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Pakbin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | | | - Samaneh Allahyari
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Faezeh Mohammadi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Reza Ovissipour
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Amir Peymani
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Arian Amirvaresi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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3
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Kokhdan EP, Khodavandi P, Ataeyan MH, Alizadeh F, Khodavandi A, Zaheri A. Anti-cancer activity of secreted aspartyl proteinase protein from Candida tropicalis on human cervical cancer HeLa cells. Toxicon 2024; 249:108073. [PMID: 39153686 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Microbial products are valuable sources of anti-cancer drugs. The aim of this study was to isolate secreted aspartyl proteinase protein from Candida tropicalis, investigate its inhibitory effect on human cervical cancer HeLa cells, and analyze the expression profiling of selected nuclear stem cell-associated transcription factors. The presence of secreted aspartyl proteinase protein was confirmed by the expression of SAP2 and SAP4 genes in C. tropicalis during the yeast-hyphae transition phase. The enzyme was purified and characterized using the aqueous two-phase system purification method, as well as proteolytic activity and the Bradford and micro-Kjeldahl methods, respectively. The in vitro anti-cancer properties of secreted aspartyl proteinase protein were evaluated by MTT assay, microscopic image analysis, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production assay, and RT-qPCR. The isolated C. tropicalis secreted aspartyl proteinase protein exhibited proteinase activity with values ranging from 93.72 to 130.70 μg/mL and 89.88-127.72 μg/mL according to the Bradford and micro-Kjeldahl methods, respectively. Secreted aspartyl proteinase showed effective cytotoxicity in HeLa cell line leading to significant morphological changes. Additionally, it exhibited increased free radical scavenging activity compared to the untreated control group, as evidenced by nitrite inhibition. ROS production increased in HeLa cells exposed to secreted aspartyl proteinase. The expression levels of the nuclear stem cell-associated transcription factors octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), and Nanog homeobox (NANOG) were significantly downregulated in the HeLa cells treated with secreted aspartyl proteinase. Secreted aspartyl proteinase protein may be a promising anti-cancer agent, as it effectively affects gene expression and may ultimately reduce the development and progression of cervical cancer. Targeting the genes related to nuclear stem cell-associated transcription factors may provide a novel amenable to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fahimeh Alizadeh
- Department of Biology, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Khodavandi
- Department of Biology, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Zaheri
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
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Noorbakhsh Varnosfaderani SM, Ebrahimzadeh F, Akbari Oryani M, Khalili S, Almasi F, Mosaddeghi Heris R, Payandeh Z, Li C, Nabi Afjadi M, Alagheband Bahrami A. Potential promising anticancer applications of β-glucans: a review. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20231686. [PMID: 38088444 PMCID: PMC10776902 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20231686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
β-Glucans are valuable functional polysaccharides distributed in nature, especially in the cell walls of fungi, yeasts, bacteria, and cereals. The unique features of β-glucans, such as water solubility, viscosity, molecular weight, and so on, have rendered them to be broadly applied in various food systems as well as in medicine to improve human health. Moreover, inhibition of cancer development could be achieved by an increase in immune system activity via β-glucans. β-glucans, which are part of a class of naturally occurring substances known as biological response modifiers (BRMs), have also shown evidence of being anti-tumorogenic, anti-cytotoxic, and anti-mutagenic. These properties make them attractive candidates for use as pharmaceutical health promoters. Along these lines, they could activate particular proteins or receptors, like lactosylceramide (LacCer), Dickin-1, complement receptor 3 (CR3), scavenge receptors (SR), and the toll-like receptor (TLR). This would cause the release of cytokines, which would then activate other antitumor immune cells, like macrophages stimulating neutrophils and monocytes. These cells are biased toward pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis and phagocytosis enhancing the elicited immunological responses. So, to consider the importance of β-glucans, the present review introduces the structure characteristics, biological activity, and antitumor functions of fungal β-glucans, as well as their application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akbari Oryani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Almasi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Payandeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armina Alagheband Bahrami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
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Wang X, Zhang W, Wu W, Wu S, Young A, Yan Z. Is Candida albicans a contributor to cancer? A critical review based on the current evidence. Microbiol Res 2023; 272:127370. [PMID: 37028206 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The association between Candida albicans (C. albicans) and cancer has been noticed for decades. Whether C. albicans infection is a complication of cancer status or as a contributor to cancer development remains to be discussed. This review systematically summarized the up-to-date knowledge about associations between C. albicans and various types of cancer, and discussed the role of C. albicans in cancer development. Most of the current clinical and animal evidence support the relationship between C. albicans and oral cancer development. However, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate the role of C. albicans in other types of cancer. Moreover, this review explored the underlying mechanisms for C. albicans promoting cancer. It was hypothesized that C. albicans may promote cancer progression by producing carcinogenic metabolites, inducing chronic inflammation, remodeling immune microenvironment, activating pro-cancer signals, and synergizing with bacteria.
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Alvi T, Khan MKI, Maan AA, Razzaq ZU. Date fruit as a promising source of functional carbohydrates and bioactive compounds: A review on its nutraceutical potential. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14325. [PMID: 35894233 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
From the past decade, consumption of ready-to-eat food and ease of access to fast food increased the onset of several diseases. Thus, there is a need to shift the trend from consumption of unhealthy food item to natural and healthy alternatives. In this context, fruits can be considered as functional food, which have ability to provide essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. These compounds when consume in adequate amount would have the potential to lower the onset of diseases. In this regard, Phoenix dactylifera or date fruit is an important source of functional carbohydrates and bioactive compounds for their use as functional foods. The major functional carbohydrate in date fruit are in the form of dietary fiber, such as β-glucan, cellulose and fructans along with other bioactive compounds. Additionally, it is also a good source of other important nutrients such as sugars, minerals, along with minor quantities of proteins and lipids. Due to these functional compounds, date fruit have shown a wide range of pharmaceutical properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective and anticancer. This review provides latest information regarding functional and nutraceutical carbohydrates of date fruits along-with mechanism of action on different diseases reported in recent years. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This will provide information to food industries for the development of innovative food products by using date fruit. Moreover, bioactive components from date fruit may prove to enhance global health and wellness. However, further research is needed on clinical trials for the development of functional food products by using date fruit for functional foods and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayyaba Alvi
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abid Aslam Maan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ullah Razzaq
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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7
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Tran HTT, Truong AD, Chu NT, Vu HN, Nguyen HT, Nguyen T, Siti F, Lee H, Leon AD, Yersin AG, Dang HV. Inhibition of African swine fever virus replication by β-glucan. Open Vet J 2022; 12:1027-1034. [PMID: 36650869 PMCID: PMC9805760 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2022.v12.i6.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most important diseases in pigs because of its effects on all ages and breeds. To date, commercial vaccines and drugs for the prevention of ASF are lacking in the market and the survival of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in various environmental, farm, and or feed matrices has allowed the virus to remain, causing new outbreaks in the pig population. Besides biosecurity and animal husbandry management practices, the improvement of the host immune responses is critical to control, managing, and preventing ASF. Aim In this study, we investigated the protective role of β-glucan against ASFV infection using a porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) model. Methods The effects of β-glucan on cell proliferation were evaluated by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The potential effects of β-glucan against a field ASFV strain isolated in Vietnam were further examined by real-time PCR and hemadsorption assays. The interferon (IFN)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 protein production induced by β-glucan was determined using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Our results demonstrated that the β-glucan additive possessed an immune stimulus factor against ASFV. Specifically, protection of PAMs against ASFV infection in vitro was observed at 12 hours (p < 0.05) at the tested doses (30 and 50 µg/ml) as induced by incubation with β-glucan for 2 hours. These effects remained until 24 hours after post-infection. Additionally, at a high dose (50 µg/ml), pre-treatment with the β-glucan statistically increased the expression levels of IFNα and IL-6 when compared to untreated groups or only ASFV infection. Conclusion Together, these findings indicated that the β-glucan may protect the host against ASFV infection via the multiple cellular immune mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thi Thanh Tran
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam,Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Anh Duc Truong
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam,Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Nhu Thi Chu
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Hoai Nam Vu
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Huyen Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tinh Nguyen
- Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health, Asia Pacific 12 Senoko Drive, 758200 Singapore
| | - Fatimah Siti
- Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health, Asia Pacific 12 Senoko Drive, 758200 Singapore
| | - Hans Lee
- Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health, Asia Pacific 12 Senoko Drive, 758200 Singapore
| | - Alexander De Leon
- Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health, Asia Pacific 12 Senoko Drive, 758200 Singapore
| | | | - Hoang Vu Dang
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam,Corresponding Author: Hoang Vu Dang. Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Shams K, Larypoor M, Salimian J. The immunomodulatory effects of Candida albicans isolated from the normal gastrointestinal microbiome of the elderly on colorectal cancer. Med Oncol 2021; 38:140. [PMID: 34637027 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01591-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The association of gut microbiota with occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been reported in recent studies. Probiotics have been shown to mediate anti-cancer effects through immune system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum and Candida albicans in the suppression of azoxymethane-induced CRC in male Fischer 344 rats. 30 adult male Fischer 344 rats were divided into 6 distinct groups (n = 5 per group): non-treated animals, fat-food intake group, fat-food and carcinogen intake group, CRC cancer-induced rats treated with the chemotherapy drug, CRC-induced rats treated with Lactobacillus plantarum, and CRC-induced rats treated with Candida albicans. Identification of Candida albicans isolated from human feces was performed by microbiological, biochemical, and PCR methods. The serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, TGF-β, and TNF-α were measured by ELISA. Pathological studies were performed through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining method. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc analysis. Shrinking cancer cells with very dark nuclei were observed in CRC-induced rats treated with the chemotherapy drug, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Candida albicans indicating the occurrence of apoptosis. Serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, and TGF-β significantly decreased compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Lactobacillus plantarum and Candida albicans isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of the elderly and healthy individuals can efficiently improve CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiya Shams
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Larypoor
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran. .,Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Hakymiyeh-Babaee Highway, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jafar Salimian
- Departmentof Immunology, Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Guo H, Zhao L, Zhu J, Chen P, Wang H, Jiang M, Liu X, Sun H, Zhao W, Zheng Z, Li W, Chen B, Fang Q, Yang M, He Y, Yang Y. Microbes in lung cancer initiation, treatment, and outcome: Boon or bane? Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 86:1190-1206. [PMID: 34029741 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the top reason for cancer-related deaths worldwide. The 5-year overall survival rate of lung cancer is approximately 20 % due to the delayed diagnosis and low response rate to regular treatments. Microbiota, both host-microbiota and alien pathogenic microbiota, have been investigated to be involved in a complicated and contradictory relationship with lung cancer initiation, treatments, and prognosis. Disorders of certain host-microbiota and pathogen infection are associated with the risk of lung cancers based on epidemiological evidence, and antibiotics (ATBs) could dramatically impair anti-cancer treatment efficacy, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Moreover, probiotics and microbe-mediated drugs are potential approaches to enhance regular anti-tumor treatments. Therefore, the knowledge of the complex dual effect of microbes on lung cancer is beneficial to take their essence and remove their dross. This review offers insight into the current trends and advancements in microbiota or microbial components related to lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China; Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Peixin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China; Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China; Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Minlin Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China; Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencheng Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Zheng
- Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyu Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Menghang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China; Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Muthuramalingam K, Kim Y, Cho M. β-glucan, "the knight of health sector": critical insights on physiochemical heterogeneities, action mechanisms and health implications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6908-6931. [PMID: 33819119 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1908221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
β-glucans, the class of biological response modifier has unceasing attention, not only for its immune stimulating but also for its role as prebiotics, modulator of physiological events etc. and is widely used in the treatment of cancer, diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular diseases etc. However, β-glucan with different physiochemical properties is found to have discrete clinical functions and thus careful selection of the types of β-glucan plays pivotal role in providing significant and expected clinical outcome. Herein this review, we presented the factors responsible for diverse functional properties of β-glucan, their distinct mode of actions in regulating human health etc. Further, clinical aspects of different β-glucans toward the management of wound care, metabolic dysbiosis, fatty liver disorders and endurance training associated energy metabolism were compiled and exhibited in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthika Muthuramalingam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmee Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonjae Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Medical Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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11
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Abstract
Cereal β-glucan is a type of valuable dietary fiber that mainly exists in the aleurone, subaleurone, and endosperm of some cereal grains. β-Glucan is acknowledged as a functional food ingredient owing to its multiple health benefits, including the prevention of diabetes, reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular disease, antitumor effects, antioxidant activities, and immunostimulation. It is well documented that cellulose synthase-like CslF/H/J genes encode synthases responsible for β-glucan biosynthesis in cereal grains. Recently, β-glucan has been widely applied as an emulsion stabilizer, thickening agent, fat substitute, and bioactive ingredient in the food industry due to its water solubility, viscosity, gelation property, and health benefits. Therefore, the present paper aims to review the molecular characteristics, synthase gene family, and food application of cereal β-glucan in recent years.
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