• breast cancer
• canonical biogenesis
• circulatory miRNAs
• exosomes
• hormone receptors
• microRNAs
• systemic biomarkers

• Humans
• Breast Neoplasms/genetics
• Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
• Breast Neoplasms/pathology
• Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
• MicroRNAs/genetics
• MicroRNAs/metabolism
• Female
• Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
• Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
• Animals
• Prognosis

• RGF019-2023 National Breast Cancer Research Institute (NBCRI)

• Non-coding RNAs
• biomarkers
• circulating
• epigenetic regulations
• lncRNA
• microRNA
• solid tumors

• Humans
• Liquid Biopsy/methods
• Neoplasms/genetics
• Neoplasms/blood
• Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
• Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
• RNA, Untranslated/blood
• RNA, Untranslated/genetics
• Cell-Free Nucleic Acids/blood
• Cell-Free Nucleic Acids/genetics
• RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
• RNA, Long Noncoding/blood

• Biomarkers
• Kidney diseases
• Mechanism
• miR-363

• Humans
• MicroRNAs/genetics
• Biomarkers/metabolism
• Biomarkers/analysis
• Kidney Diseases/genetics
• Kidney Diseases/diagnosis
• Kidney Diseases/metabolism

• Biomarker
• CRISPR/Cas system
• Cancer
• Lateral flow assays
• miRNA

• MicroRNAs/analysis
• MicroRNAs/genetics
• Humans
• Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods

• PCR-free
• RNA detection
• biosensor
• nanomaterial

• Biosensing Techniques
• RNA/analysis
• Humans
• Electrochemical Techniques
• Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
• Nanostructures
• Surface Plasmon Resonance
• Microfluidics

• (2022ZD0402013) Science and Technology Innovation (2030)-Agricultural Biological Breeding Major Project
• (2022KF02) he Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural GMOs of MARA
• (1610072023101) The IQSTAP project
• （CAAS-ASTIP-IQSTAP-2024） The Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS

• blood
• breast cancer
• miRNA
• microRNA
• plasma
• serum

• Female
• Humans
• Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
• Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
• Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology
• Circulating MicroRNA/analysis
• Circulating MicroRNA/metabolism
• Incidence

• RF 2018 12366921 Italian Minister of health

• biomarker
• circulatory microRNAs
• diagnosis
• helminths
• vesicle

• MicroRNAs
• breast cancer patients
• early detection
• sensitivity
• serum
• specificity

• CNT-based biosensors
• analytical nanodevices
• bioanalytical applications
• electrochemical biosensing
• surface functionalization

• Biosensing Techniques
• Nanotubes, Carbon

• epithelial cancers
• epithelial-mesenchymal transition
• liquid biopsy
• microRNAs

In population-based screens, tissue biopsy remains the standard practice for women with imaging that suggests breast cancer. We examined circulating microRNAs as minimally invasive diagnostic biomarkers to discriminate malignant from benign breast lesions. A retrospective cohort of plasma samples divided into training and testing sets and a prospective cohort of women with suspicious imaging findings who underwent tissue biopsy were investigated through a global microRNA profile by OpenArray. Seven signatures, involving 5 specific miRNAs (miR-625, miR-423-5p, miR-370-3p, miR-181c, and miR-301b), were identified and validated in the testing set. Among the 7 signatures, the discriminatory performances of 5 of them were confirmed in the prospective cohort.

In population-based screens, tissue biopsy remains the standard practice for women with imaging that suggests breast cancer. We examined circulating microRNAs as minimally invasive diagnostic biomarkers to discriminate malignant from benign breast lesions. miRNAs were analyzed by OpenArray in a retrospective cohort of plasma samples including 100 patients with malignant (T), 89 benign disease (B), and 99 healthy donors (HD) divided into training and testing sets and a prospective cohort (BABE) of 289 women with suspicious imaging findings who underwent tissue biopsy. miRNAs associated with disease status were identified by univariate analysis and then combined into signatures by multivariate logistic regression models. By combining 16 miRNAs differentially expressed in the T vs. HD comparison, 26 signatures were also able to significantly discriminate T from B disease. Seven of them, involving 5 specific miRNAs (miR-625, miR-423-5p, miR-370-3p, miR-181c, and miR-301b), were statistically validated in the testing set. Among the 7 signatures, the discriminatory performances of 5 were confirmed in the prospective BABE Cohort. This study identified 5 circulating miRNAs that, properly combined, distinguish malignant from benign breast disease in women with a high likelihood of malignancy.

• breast cancer
• circulating biomarkers
• diagnosis
• microRNAs

• Breast cancer
• Drug-resistant
• HMGA1
• MiR-486–5p
• Tamoxifen

• Eat me signal
• Phospholipid
• circRNA
• lncRNA
• repeat RNA

• biosensor
• fibrous substrate
• hydrogel
• liquid biopsy
• microRNA
• multiplexing

• breast cancer
• idiopathic granulomatous mastitis
• microRNA
• phosphatase and tensin homolog

• Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
• Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
• Breast Neoplasms/blood
• Breast Neoplasms/genetics
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Female
• Granulomatous Mastitis/blood
• Granulomatous Mastitis/genetics
• Humans
• MicroRNAs/blood
• MicroRNAs/genetics
• Middle Aged
• PTEN Phosphohydrolase/blood
• PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
• Prognosis

• HER2-positive
• biomarkers
• breast cancer
• circulating miRNAs
• receptor negative breast cancer
• triple negative breast cancer

• Animals
• Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
• Circulating MicroRNA/genetics
• Humans
• Prognosis
• Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
• Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
• Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology

• QUCP-CMED-2019-1, QUHI-CMED-19/20-1 & QUCG-CMED-20/21-2. Qatar University

miR-155-5p is a well-known oncogenic microRNA, showing frequent overexpression in human malignancies, including breast cancer. Here, we show that high miR-155-5p levels are associated with unfavorable prognostic factors in two independent breast cancer cohorts (CSS cohort, n = 283; and TCGA-BRCA dataset, n = 1,095). Consistently, miR-155-5p results as differentially expressed in the breast cancer subgroups identified by the surrogate molecular classification in the CSS cohort and the PAM50 classifier in TCGA-BRCA dataset, with the TNBC and HER2-amplified tumors carrying the highest levels. Since the analysis of TCGA-BC dataset also demonstrated a significant association between miR-155-5p levels and the presence of mutations in homologous recombination (HR) genes, we hypothesized that miR-155-5p might affect cell response to the PARP-1 inhibitor Olaparib. As expected, miR-155-5p ectopic overexpression followed by Olaparib administration resulted in a greater reduction of cell viability as compared to Olaparib administration alone, suggesting that miR-155-5p might induce a synthetic lethal effect in cancer cells when coupled with PARP-1-inhibition. Overall, our data point to a role of miR-155-5p in homologous recombination deficiency and suggest miR-155-5p might be useful in predicting response to PARP1 inhibitors in the clinical setting.

• Olaparib
• PARP-1 inhibitors
• breast cancer
• homologous recombination
• hsa-miR-155-5p

Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the burdensome diseases affecting a considerable proportion of the population. Recently, it has been demonstrated that micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) can exert diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic roles in a variety of conditions including AHF. These molecules play essential roles in HF-related pathophysiology, particularly, cardiac fibrosis, and hypertrophy. Some miRNAs namely miRNA-423-5p are reported to have both diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. However, some studies suggest that combination of biomarkers is a much better way to achieve the highest accuracy such as the combination of miRNAs and N-terminal pro b-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT pro-BNP). Therefore, this review discusses different views towards various roles of miRNAs in AHF.

• Diagnosis
• Heart Failure
• MicroRNA
• Prognosis
• Treatment

Infiltrative tumor growth into adjacent soft tissues is a major cause of the frequent recurrence and tumor-related death of myxofibrosarcoma (MFS), but no useful biomarkers reflecting tumor burden and infiltrative growth are available. While emerging evidence suggests a diagnostic and functional role of extracellular/circulating microRNA (miRNA) in various malignant diseases, their significance in MFS patients remains unknown. Global miRNA profiling identified four upregulated miRNAs in MFS patient sera and culture media of MFS cells. Among these, serum miR-1260b level was significantly upregulated in patient serum discriminating from healthy individuals and closely correlated with clinical status and tumor dynamics in MFS-bearing mice. In addition, high miR-1260b expression in serum was correlated with radiological tail-like patterns, characteristic of the infiltrative MFS. The extracellular miR-1260b was embedded in tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and promoted cellular invasion of MFS through the downregulation of PCDH9 in the adjacent normal fibroblasts. Collectively, circulating miR-1260b expression may represent a novel diagnostic target for tumor monitoring of this highly aggressive sarcoma. Moreover, EV-miR-1260b could act as a transfer messenger to adjacent cells and mediate the infiltrative growth of MFS, providing new insights into the mechanism of infiltrative nature via crosstalk between tumor cells and their microenvironment.

Among women, breast cancer (BC) is not only the most common cancer worldwide but also the leading cause of cancer death. Only 5–10% of breast cancer cases are attributed to inherited mutations (BRCA1, BRCA2, and other breast cancer susceptibility genes). Breast cancer incidence has been rising particularly in young women who are not eligible for mammography, and it has been acting as a burden especially in developing countries that lack screening and awareness programs. For this reason, research has shifted to use minimally invasive liquid biopsies especially blood-based biomarkers with potential value for breast cancer risk prediction and early detection. This mini-review will tackle the different blood-based biomarkers focusing mainly on circulating miRNA, circulating proteins, cell-free nucleic acids, methylation patterns, and exosomes. It also introduces the potential opportunities for the clinical use of these blood-based biomarkers for breast cancer risk prediction.

• breast cancer
• cfDNA
• early detection
• exosome
• liquid biopsy
• methylation patterns
• microRNA
• risk prediction

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are new potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and classification of cancer. This study is the first attempt to use biocatalytic amplification reactions combined with capillary electrophoresis to detect multiple miRNAs simultaneously. In this way, miRNAs, as catalysts, can catalyze two single strands of DNA to form double-strand DNA. Feasibility was demonstrated by non-gel capillary electrophoresis coupled with UV detection (NGCE-UV). The detection limit was improved down to 1.0 nM, having ca. 10³-fold improvement. This method has a good linear range of between 3.0 nM and 300 nM, with R² at 0.99, recovery at 88–115%, and peak area precision at 1–12.7%. Using three target miRNAs as a model can achieve the baseline separation and good selectivity. The proposed biocatalysis coupled with a capillary electrophoresis-based method is simple, rapid, multiplexed, and cost-effective, making it potentially applicable for simultaneous, large-scale screening for other nucleic acids biomarkers and related research.

• DNA hybridization
• UV signal non-PCR amplification
• determination
• microRNA catalysis
• non-gel capillary electrophoresis

• Biobanking
• Cancer education
• Clinical trials
• Hispanics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Attitude to Health
• Biological Specimen Banks/statistics & numerical data
• Biomedical Research/education
• Clinical Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical data
• Female
• Focus Groups
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
• Hispanic or Latino/psychology
• Humans
• Intention
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Patient Education as Topic
• Patient Participation/psychology
• Patient Participation/statistics & numerical data
• Research Design
• Self Efficacy
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• Young Adult

• UL1 TR003167 NCATS NIH HHS
• R25 CA057712 NCI NIH HHS
• T32 CA057712 NCI NIH HHS
• UL1 TR000371 NCATS NIH HHS

• biomarker
• cancer
• diagnosis
• microRNAs
• prognosis
• signal pathway

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common subtype of neurodegenerative dementia in humans following Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Present clinical diagnosis of DLB has high specificity and low sensitivity and finding potential biomarkers of prodromal DLB is still challenging. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently received a lot of attention as a source of novel biomarkers.

In this study, using serum miRNA expression of 478 Japanese individuals, we investigated potential miRNA biomarkers and constructed an optimal risk prediction model based on several machine learning methods: penalized regression, random forest, support vector machine, and gradient boosting decision tree.

The final risk prediction model, constructed via a gradient boosting decision tree using 180 miRNAs and two clinical features, achieved an accuracy of 0.829 on an independent test set. We further predicted candidate target genes from the miRNAs. Gene set enrichment analysis of the miRNA target genes revealed 6 functional genes included in the DHA signaling pathway associated with DLB pathology. Two of them were further supported by gene-based association studies using a large number of single nucleotide polymorphism markers (BCL2L1: P = 0.012, PIK3R2: P = 0.021).

Our proposed prediction model provides an effective tool for DLB classification. Also, a gene-based association test of rare variants revealed that BCL2L1 and PIK3R2 were statistically significantly associated with DLB.

• Dementia with Lewy bodies
• Risk prediction model
• Single nucleotide polymorphism
• microRNAs

• Biofluids
• Biomarker
• Cancer
• Diagnosis
• Precision medicine
• Prognosis
• miRNA

Brain metastasis is a major distant metastasis occurring in patients with advanced breast cancer, and is associated with poor prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a strong influence on various oncological functions and have been reported as potential biomarkers for detecting distant metastasis. Specific biomarkers and unique miRNAs for brain metastasis have yet to be reported. The aim of this study was to identify novel miRNAs in serum, to assist in the diagnosis of brain metastasis in patients with advanced breast cancer. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with breast cancer and collected clinical data. In addition, we evaluated serum miRNA profiles in patients with breast cancer, with and without brain metastasis, using high-sensitivity microarrays. All patients underwent computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging brain imaging tests. A total of 51 serum samples from patients with breast cancer and brain metastasis, stored in the National Cancer Center Biobank, were used, and 28 serum samples were obtained from controls without brain metastasis. Two miRNAs, miR-4428 and miR-4480, could significantly distinguish patients with brain metastasis, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.779 and 0.781, respectively, while a combination of miR-4428 and progesterone receptor had an AUC value of 0.884. No significant correlations were identified between the expression levels of these two miRNAs in serum and clinical data. We conclude that serum miR-4428 and miR-4480 may be useful as biomarkers for predicting brain metastasis in patients with breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in females. Since early detection can bring prognosis benefit, discovery of novel noninvasive biomarkers for BC diagnosis is in urgent need. In this four‐phase study, we profiled miRNA expression in plasma samples from a total of 257 BC patients and 257 normal controls (NCs). Exiqon miRNA qPCR panel was used to select candidate miRNAs in the screening phase which were further analyzed using qRT‐PCR in the following training, testing and external validation phases. Finally, we identified five plasma miRNAs (let‐7b‐5p, miR‐122‐5p, miR‐146b‐5p, miR‐210‐3p and miR‐215‐5p) whose expression levels were significantly different between BC patients and NCs. A 5‐miRNA panel in plasma with high sensitivity and specificity was then constructed to detect BC. The areas under the receiver‐operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of the panel were 0.683, 0.966, 0.978 for the training, testing and external validation sets, respectively. Expression of the identified miRNAs was further analyzed among 32 pairs of BC tissue and the adjacent normal tissue samples as well as plasma‐derived exosome samples from 32 BC patients vs 32 NCs. Let‐7b‐5p was contrarily down‐regulated in BC tissue. In exosomes samples, only miR‐122‐5p was significantly up‐regulated as in plasma for BC patients. In conclusion, we identified a 5‐miRNA plasma panel (let‐7b‐5p, miR‐122‐5p, miR‐146b‐5p, miR‐210‐3p and miR‐215‐5p) that could serve as a promising biomarker for BC detection.

• biomarker
• breast cancer
• diagnosis
• plasma miRNA
• qRT-PCR

• Breast cancer
• Circulating
• Diagnosis
• Exosomes
• miRNA
• qRT-PCR

• Biosensor
• Detection
• Electrochemistry
• MicroRNA
• Nanotechnology

The effective management of patients with breast cancer (BC) depends on the early diagnosis of the disease. Currently, BC diagnosis is based on diagnostic imaging and biopsy, while the use of non-invasive circulating biomarkers for diagnosis remains an unmet need. Among the plethora of proposed non-invasive biomarkers, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered promising diagnostic molecules because they are very stable in biological fluids and easily detectable. Although the discovery of miRNAs has opened a new avenue for their clinical application, the clinical translatability of these molecules remains unclear. This review analyses the role of circulating miRNAs as BC diagnostic biomarkers and focuses on two essential requirements to evaluate their clinical validity: i) Specificity and ii) consistent expression between the blood and tissue. These two issues were analyzed in depth using the Human miRNA Disease Database (HMDD v3.0) and the free search engine PubMed. One hundred and sixty three BC-associated miRNAs were selected and analyzed for their specificity among all human pathologies that shared deregulation (291) and consistent expression in the bloodstream and the tissue. In addition, we provide an overview of the current clinical trials examining miRNAs in BC. In conclusion, we highlight pitfalls in the translatability of circulating miRNAs into clinical practice due to the lack of specificity and a consistent expression pattern between the tissue and blood.

• breast cancer
• circulating miRNAs
• miRNAs

• Biomarkers
• HTLV-1
• Serum
• miRNAs

In the global context, the epidemic of breast cancer (BC) is evident for the early 21st century. Evidence shows that national mammography screening programs have sufficiently reduced BC related mortality. Therefore, the great utility of the mammography-based screening is not an issue. However, both false positive and false negative BC diagnosis, excessive biopsies, and irradiation linked to mammography application, as well as sub-optimal mammography-based screening, such as in the case of high-dense breast tissue in young females, altogether increase awareness among the experts regarding the limitations of mammography-based screening. Severe concerns regarding the mammography as the “golden standard” approach demanding complementary tools to cover the evident deficits led the authors to present innovative strategies, which would sufficiently improve the quality of the BC management and services to the patient. Contextually, this article provides insights into mammography deficits and current clinical data demonstrating the great potential of non-invasive diagnostic tools utilizing circulating miRNA profiles as an adjunct to conventional mammography for the population screening and personalization of BC management.

• breast cancer
• individualized patient profile
• liquid biopsy
• mammography
• miRNA
• multi-level diagnostics
• omics
• personalized medicine
• predictive and preventive approach
• screening

Breast cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. It is a heterogeneous disease with four major molecular subtypes. One of the subtypes, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-enriched (HER2-positive) is characterized by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors and overexpression of HER2 receptor, and accounts for 15–20% of all breast cancers. Despite the anti-HER2 and cytotoxic chemotherapy, HER2 subtype is an aggressive disease with significant mortality. Recent advances in molecular biology techniques, including gene expression profiling, proteomics, and microRNA analysis, have been extensively used to explore the underlying mechanisms behind human breast carcinogenesis and metastasis including HER2-positive breast cancer, paving the way for developing new targeted therapies. This review focuses on recent advances on gene expression and miRNA status in HER2-positive breast cancer.

• HER2-positive breast cancer
• biomarkers
• breast cancer
• gene expression profiling
• miRNAs
• microarray

• Breast
• cancer
• microRNA
• neoplasia
• protein
• vessel.

• Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
• Disease Progression
• Female
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
• Humans
• MicroRNAs/genetics
• Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
• Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
• Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
• Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
• Signal Transduction
• Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
• Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/mortality

• 4;4’-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)
• Circulating microRNAs (miRs)
• Diisocyanates (dNCOs)
• Occupational Asthma (OA)

Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNA) are regulators of cell functions and circulating sncRNAs from the majority of RNA classes are potential non-invasive biomarkers. Understanding how common traits influence ncRNA expression is essential for assessing their biomarker potential. In this study, we identify associations between sncRNA expression and common traits (sex, age, self-reported smoking, body mass, self-reported physical activity). We used RNAseq data from 526 serum samples from the Janus Serum Bank and traits from health examination surveys. Ageing showed the strongest association with sncRNA expression, both in terms of statistical significance and number of RNAs, regardless of RNA class. piRNAs were abundant in the serum samples and they were associated to sex. Interestingly, smoking cessation generally restored RNA expression to non-smoking levels, although for some sncRNAs smoking-related expression levels persisted. Pathway analysis suggests that smoking-related sncRNAs target the cholinergic synapses and may therefore potentially play a role in smoking addiction. Our results show that common traits influence circulating sncRNA expression. It is clear that sncRNA biomarker analyses should be adjusted for age and sex. In addition, for specific sncRNAs, analyses should also be adjusted for body mass, smoking, physical activity and technical factors.

• Apoptosis/genetics
• Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
• Body Fluids/metabolism
• Genes, Tumor Suppressor
• Humans
• MicroRNAs/biosynthesis
• MicroRNAs/genetics
• MicroRNAs/therapeutic use
• Oncogenes

• biomarkers
• breast cancer
• gastric cancer
• peripheral blood monocytes
• small RNA sequencing

• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
• Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
• Breast Neoplasms/blood
• Breast Neoplasms/genetics
• Female
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
• High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
• Humans
• Male
• MicroRNAs/blood
• MicroRNAs/genetics
• Middle Aged
• RNA, Messenger/blood
• RNA, Messenger/genetics
• Stomach Neoplasms/blood
• Stomach Neoplasms/genetics
• THP-1 Cells

• National Natural Science Foundation of China
• National Program on the Key Basic Research Project

• MicroRNAs
• pituitary tumors