• congenital tumor
• extragonadal germ cell tumors
• haemorrhagic infarction
• neonatal abdominal mass
• retroperitoneal teratoma

• Duodenal
• Extragonadal teratoma
• Malignant transformation
• Mature teratoma

• Adrenal gland
• Mature teratoma
• Retroperitoneum

• Computed tomography
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Primary retroperitoneal neoplasms

• Humans
• Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/pathology
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods

• adrenal gland
• mature teratoma
• prenatal screening
• retroperitoneal
• teratoma

• chemotherapy
• germ cell tumours (gct)
• immature teratoma
• residual mass
• retro-peritoneal

• Case report
• Dyspnea
• Germ cell tumor
• Hemoptysis
• Lung mass
• Lung teratoma

• Case report
• Malignant struma ovarii
• Papillary thyroid carcinoma
• Retroperitoneal teratoma

• Humans
• Female
• Adult
• Teratoma/pathology
• Teratoma/diagnostic imaging
• Teratoma/surgery
• Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/pathology
• Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/surgery
• Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
• Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery
• Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/pathology
• Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/surgery
• Thyroidectomy
• Prognosis

• University of Basel

• benign mature cystic teratoma
• case report
• giant
• infancy
• intrapulmonary teratoma
• thoracotomy

• adrenal
• adrenalectomy
• case report
• teratoma

• Case report
• Mature teratoma
• Retroperitoneal

• Roux en Y
• cutaneous fistula
• cystojejunostomy
• mature teratoma
• mesenteric root

• Extragonadal pelvic tumors
• germ cell tumor
• rhabdomyosarcoma
• sacrococcygeal teratoma

• Male
• Female
• Humans
• Child
• Surface Plasmon Resonance
• Teratoma/pathology
• Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal
• Soft Tissue Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Diagnostic Imaging

• U10 CA180886 NCI NIH HHS

• Bikini line
• Laparoscopic surgery
• Teratoma

• adrenal mass
• antenatal diagnosis
• children
• laparoscopy
• mature teratoma

• body axis formation
• epithelial-mesenchymal transition
• neural induction
• neural stemness
• pluripotency
• tumor microenvironment
• tumorigenesis
• tumorigenicity

• Humans
• Sulfides
• Iron

• consensus
• pelvic cavity
• presacral cyst
• presacral space
• retrorectal tumors

• Hydronephrosis
• Immature teratoma
• Obstructive uropathy
• Retroperitoneum space
• Teratoma

A 54-year-old man was seen in the clinic with the chief complaint of epigastric pain radiating to the left groin region and a predominant postprandial abdominal discomfort. Upon examination, a painless round mass with reduced mobility was felt in the left flank during deep palpation of the abdomen. His past medical history was irrelevant. Ultrasound and IV contrast-enhanced CT scan confirmed the presence of a large tumor and an exploratory laparotomy for removal of the tumor was performed. The microscopic examination of the specimen confirmed the primary diagnosis of retroperitoneal tumor (RPT) and identified it as an extragonadal germ cell tumor with a vestigial origin, which is a rare type affecting the kidney and adrenal gland. Primitive RPTs are histologically classified as mesenchymal and neuroectodermal or vestigial. These histological types are rarely found in surgical practice and are challenging to diagnose and treat due to the peculiarities of the site of origin where they develop. RPTs are extremely rare and approximately 80% are malignant and detected lately during the disease's course, commonly discovered in advanced stages of local or systemic evolution. Currently, surgical intervention remains the only effective method of treating these tumors.

Rectal mature teratoma is rare and has been reported as a case report in this study. Herein, clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and immunohistochemistry showed a pelvic rectal mature teratoma. The case report and the surgical treatment procedure have been discussed below.

A 29-year-old Chinese female showed up with over a 1-mo history of perianal mass that emerged after defecation. Physical examination indicated that the mass was 4 cm × 3 cm × 3 cm. The intraoperative procedure involved ligation of the sigmoid colon 10 cm above the upper edge of the tumor, followed by ligation of the rectum 3.5 cm above the upper edge of the tumor, and subsequent complete removal of the mass. The histopathology confirmed the mature teratoma.

The tumor can be completely removed using surgery to prevent its recurrence.

• Rectal
• Mature teratoma
• Therapy
• Case report

• dermoid cyst
• retroperitoneal space
• teratoma

Teratoma is a germ cell tumor, deriving from totipotent cells. Teratomas usually occur in gonads and are rarely extra-gonadal. The adrenal location is exceptional. Only few cases of primary adrenal teratomas have been reported in literature, mainly in young patients.

We report the case of a 56-year-old female patient who presented with pyrosis, dyspepsia and abdominal pain that was evolving for 5 months. The abdominal computed tomography revealed a voluminous mass of the right adrenal gland and the hormonal evaluation was normal. The patient underwent an open transperitoneal adrenalectomy and the histopathological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of mature teratoma.

Adrenal teratomas are commonly asymptomatic and their diagnosis depends mostly on radiologic findings. Malignant transformation is very rare. Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment with a good prognosis.

Open surgery should always be considered in large and adhering teratoma tumors of the adrenal gland. Some pathologic features and tumorigenesis of adrenal teratomas are not entirely elucidated, thus the importance of larger studies in order to comprehend this pathological entity.

•

The adrenal location of primary adrenal teratomas is exceptional.

• Adrenal gland tumor
• Adrenalectomy
• CLIA, Chemiluminescence immunoassay
• CMIA, chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay
• Case report
• LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
• Retroperitoneal tumor
• Teratoma
• VMA, vanillyl mandelic acid

• Congenital Tumor
• Mature cystic teratoma
• Primary
• Retroperitoneum

Duodenal teratoma is a rare condition with only four cases reported in the English literature. Radiological imaging and tissue sample are necessary for diagnosis in addition to tumor markers. The most effective treatment is still complete excision with safety margins.

We report a case of 26 years-old-man, in whom epigastric pain, decreased appetite, and postprandial bilious vomiting had been prevalent for 5–6 months and had exacerbated prior to the emergency room.

Enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed a 10 × 15cm heterogeneous solid mass with cystic component in the third duodenum segment. The inferior veina cava and aorta were both compressed, although there was no sign of lymphadenopathy or ascites. An ulcerating non-bleeding lesion at the D2-D3 junction of the duodenum was discovered during a gastroduodenoscopy. Biopsies and immunohistochemical investigations revealed findings that were consistent with a mixed non-seminomatous germ cell tumor. A PET-CT scan was performed, which revealed FDG uptake by the duodenal lesion but no evidence of metastatic lesions.

A distal duodenal segmentectomy is performed, and then a duodeno-jejunal anastomosis is used to restore continuity. The final diagnosis was teratomatous tumor of the duodenum without malignant changes.

This is the second adult case of main duodenal teratoma that has been reported. We publish it to encourage surgeons to think about this differential diagnosis and carefully plan surgery using a multidisciplinary approach.

•

Duodenal teratoma is an extreme rare disorder.

• Case report
• Duodenum
• Extragonadal
• Germ cell
• Mature
• Teratoma

Mature teratomas are unique and generally benign neoplasms. They are derived from embryonic tissues and typically located within the gonadal region. Primary retroperitoneal teratomas are uncommon in adults and often challenging to treat, given their location and size. Here, we offer a rare case of a large primary retroperitoneal mature cystic teratoma, detected on abdominal ultrasound during the work-up of abdominal bloating and nausea and treated with robot-assisted laparoscopic excision in a 58-year-old male. In this report, we sought to describe the evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of this condition, as well as review the associated literature.

• benign mature cystic teratoma
• cystic retroperitoneal mass
• laparoscopic resection
• primary retroperitoneal teratoma
• robot assisted surgery

• High complication rate
• Late complications
• Pathology
• Retroperitoneal teratoma
• Split excision

Primary retroperitoneal teratomas are rare non-seminomatous germ cell tumors that arise from embryonal tissues. They form only 5%-10% of all retroperitoneal tumors. These are usually asymptomatic or present as lump or mass with compressive symptoms. Most of the patients are diagnosed by characteristic computed tomography findings. The chances of malignant transformation are rare. Complete surgical resection is the definitive treatment for most patients.

We had a 19 years old young man, presented with pain abdomen and awareness of a lump in the right upper abdomen. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the abdomen revealed a heterogeneous soft tissue mass in the retroperitoneum with calcification. He was successfully treated with en-bloc complete surgical resection. Histopathology confirmed benign mature teratoma including all three germ layers. The patient is doing fine at nine months of follow-up and planned for CECT abdomen.

Primary mature teratomas arise in the retroperitoneum due to failure of germ cells migration to their normal location. Germ cells undergo differentiation into various germ layers. Teratomas can be classified as mature, immature, or non-dermal based on their histopathological characteristics. Although complete surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment, malignant teratomas frequently recur. So, annual follow-up is recommended with imaging.

A classic mature teratoma requires careful examination and interpretation of the imaging. The amount of immature components determines outcome and recurrence in these patients so en-bloc surgical resection is the treatment of choice.

• benign teratoma
• dermoid teratoma
• mature teratoma
• primary retroperitoneal teratoma
• retroperitoneal germ cell tumour

• Case report
• imaging
• liposarcoma
• mature cystic teratoma
• retroperitoneal dermoid cyst

• Abscess
• Dermoid cyst
• Pelvis
• Prostate
• Teratoma

• Adult
• Case report
• Immature teratoma
• Massive
• Retroperitoneal

• Amyloidosis
• Arteriovenous malformation
• Erdheim–Chester disease
• Mesenchymal tumors
• Neurogenic tumors
• Retroperitoneum

• alpha-fetoprotein
• germ cell tumor
• malignant
• recurrence
• retroperitoneal teratoma
• surgery
• teratoma

Primary retroperitoneal teratomas involving adrenal glands are extremely uncommon, particularly in elderly males. Only a few case reports have been documented in the literature so far. We report a mature cystic retroperitoneal teratoma in the region of left adrenal gland in an asymptomatic 75-year-old male patient. It was incidentally found on an abdominal computed tomography scan and was thought to be an adrenal adenoma. Because of its relatively large size and the patient’s request, he underwent a laparoscopic left adrenalectomy. Histopathological examination revealed a benign mature cystic retroperitoneal teratoma in the region of the left adrenal gland. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and is free of recurrence after 20 months of follow-up. Considering the diagnostic difficulty of retroperitoneal teratoma by radiologic imaging, and its risk of malignancy, surgical resection via a minimally invasive approach would be the best diagnostic and therapeutic option. A literature review on teratomas is included.

• Cyst
• Lymphangioma
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI
• Neurogenic
• Retroperitoneal

Intrapulmonary teratoma (IPT) is a rare type of extra gonadal teratoma which often presents with non-specific symptoms and can be misdiagnosed as other diseases. Here we report a patient with IPT which was initially misdiagnosed as lung hydatid cyst versus abscess.

We report an intrapulmonary teratoma in a 27-year-old female presenting with persistent chest pain and dyspnea since a few years prior to her admission with associated symptoms of cough and fever. Chest x-ray only showed left side massive pleural effusion and computed tomography scan of the lungs was suggestive of hydatid cyst or a lung abscess. She underwent lobectomy and postoperative histopathological study revealed IPT as the final diagnosis.

Due to the non-specific symptoms and rarity, IPT can be easily misdiagnosed at first. It is essential that physicians take into account the possibility of IPT when approaching a new case of lung mass.

• Case report
• Lung
• Pathology
• Surgery
• Teratoma

• Differential diagnosis
• Laparoscopy
• Pelvic pain
• Retroperitoneal pelvic tumor

• Female
• Humans
• Hypogastric Plexus
• Laparoscopy
• Peritoneum
• Rectum/diagnostic imaging
• Rectum/surgery
• Teratoma/diagnostic imaging
• Teratoma/surgery
• Young Adult

A teratoma is a germ cell tumor that is composed of tissue derived from two or three germ layers. Duodenal teratomas are extremely rare and have been exclusively reported in neonates and children. This is the third case of a teratoma primarily arising in the duodenum and the first case that occurred in an adult.

A 31-year-old male presented with clinical partial gut obstruction (epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting). The physical examination showed a palpable ill-defined mass on the left side of the abdomen. The computed tomography scan revealed a multiseptated cystic tumor at the retroperitoneal area. First, he underwent gastrojejunostomy to relieve the symptoms and was referred to a tertiary-care hospital. The second operation revealed a 10-cm solid-cystic mass originating from the third part of the duodenum and adhering to the abdominal aorta and pancreas. Segmental duodenectomy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was a mature cystic teratoma. The patient was asymptomatic at 5 mo after the operation.

Duodenal teratomas are extremely rare but should be included in the differential diagnosis in patients who present with intestinal obstruction. Radiological imaging is helpful to reach the preoperative diagnosis. Multidisciplinary team planning is essential to avoid injury to the adjacent organ in duodenal operation.

• Duodenal teratoma
• Mature cystic teratoma
• Intestinal obstruction
• Germ cell tumor
• Retroperitoneal mass
• Case report

• Adrenal
• Adrenal incidentaloma
• Adrenalectomy
• Retroperitoneal mass

• Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/pathology
• Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/surgery
• Adrenal Glands/pathology
• Adrenal Glands/surgery
• Adrenalectomy
• Adult
• Asymptomatic Diseases/therapy
• China
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Laparoscopy
• Male
• Prognosis
• Rare Diseases/diagnosis
• Rare Diseases/pathology
• Rare Diseases/surgery
• Retrospective Studies
• Teratoma/diagnosis
• Teratoma/pathology
• Teratoma/surgery
• Treatment Outcome

• laparoscopic simultaneous resection
• teratoma

• Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/pathology
• Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/surgery
• Adrenalectomy/methods
• Female
• Humans
• Laparoscopy/methods
• Teratoma/diagnostic imaging
• Teratoma/pathology
• Teratoma/surgery
• Young Adult

We report a rare case of a 25-year-old lady who presented with right hypochondriac pain associated with weakness for 3 months. Her hormonal evaluation was normal. Computed tomography scan revealed an adrenal mass for which a right open transperitoneal adrenalectomy was performed, and the lesion was diagnosed as mature teratoma on histopathological examination. Teratoma is an unusual neoplasm which arises from one or all the three germ layers. Extragonadal teratomas are rare in adults as compared to children and are mostly retroperitoneal in location, constituting only 4% of all primary teratomas. Primary adrenal teratomas are even rarer and to the best of our knowledge, only eight cases have been reported in adults in the past 10 years. Adrenal teratoma can pose a diagnostic challenge because radiologically it mimics myelolipoma, angiomyolipoma, liposarcoma, or pheochromocytoma. Mature teratomas are usually benign but may possess malignant potential, the chances of which are greater in adults as compared to children, making it an important entity requiring a proper diagnosis and management.

• Adrenal gland tumor
• adrenalectomy
• teratoma