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©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Sep 5, 2024; 15(5): 97350
Published online Sep 5, 2024. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v15.i5.97350
Published online Sep 5, 2024. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v15.i5.97350
Drugs used for pain management in gastrointestinal surgery and their implications
Ankit Shukla, Department of Surgery, Dr Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra 176001, Himachal Pradesh, India
Rajesh Chaudhary, Department of Renal Transplant Surgery, Dr Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra 176001, India
Nishant Nayyar, Department of Radiology, Dr Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra 176001, Himachal Pradesh, India
Bhanu Gupta, Department of Anaesthesia, Dr Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra 176001, Himachal Pradesh, India
Author contributions: Shukla A wrote the first draft of the review; Chaudhary R, Gupta B, and Nayyar N conceptualized the work, supervised the writing, and gave intellectual inputs; All the authors critically revised the manuscript and contributed to the literature search.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ankit Shukla, DNB, MCh, Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Dr Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda at Kangra Himachal Pradesh, Kangra 176001, Himachal Pradesh, India. nkitshukla@yahoo.com
Received: May 29, 2024
Revised: July 28, 2024
Accepted: July 31, 2024
Published online: September 5, 2024
Processing time: 96 Days and 24 Hours
Revised: July 28, 2024
Accepted: July 31, 2024
Published online: September 5, 2024
Processing time: 96 Days and 24 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Pain is the most common symptom encountered by patients and their physicians. In the present era, there has been a change in the understanding of pain, its causes, assessment and management. Patient education and preoperative intervention are an integral part of pain management. Post-operative pain management is also an integral part of the enhanced recovery after surgery protocols in today's era. Management of pain can be pharmacological or non-pharmacological.