Review
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World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Aug 6, 2014; 5(3): 122-138
Published online Aug 6, 2014. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v5.i3.122
Visceral hypersensitivity and electromechanical dysfunction as therapeutic targets in pediatric functional dyspepsia
John M Rosen, Jose T Cocjin, Jennifer V Schurman, Jennifer M Colombo, Craig A Friesen
John M Rosen, Jose T Cocjin, Jennifer V Schurman, Jennifer M Colombo, Craig A Friesen, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, United States
Author contributions: All authors reviewed the literature, critically revised the manuscript, and approved the final version.
Correspondence to: John M Rosen, MD, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Children’s Mercy Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, United States. jmrosen@cmh.edu
Telephone: +1-816-2343016 Fax: +1-816-8551721
Received: May 14, 2014
Revised: June 20, 2014
Accepted: July 17, 2014
Published online: August 6, 2014
Processing time: 113 Days and 6.9 Hours
Abstract

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are common clinical syndromes diagnosed in the absence of biochemical, structural, or metabolic abnormalities. They account for significant morbidity and health care expenditures and are identifiable across variable age, geography, and culture. Etiology of abdominal pain associated FGIDs, including functional dyspepsia (FD), remains incompletely understood, but growing evidence implicates the importance of visceral hypersensitivity and electromechanical dysfunction. This manuscript explores data supporting the role of visceral hypersensitivity and electromechanical dysfunction in FD, with focus on pediatric data when available, and provides a summary of potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords: Motility; Visceral hypersensitivity; Functional dyspepsia

Core tip: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common disorder of upper gastrointestinal symptoms in adults and children. Etiology and mechanisms of FD are complex, and improved understanding could help direct therapy. Visceral sensitivity and intestinal electromechanical function both are demonstrated to be altered in some FD patients and are potential targets for treatment. Limited studies in pediatric FD are available, but available evidence supports adult data that targeting visceral hypersensitivity and electromechanical dysfunction is warranted, particularly in the context of the biopsychosocial model. Future studies in pediatrics are needed to determine optimal therapy and appropriate patient application.