Published online Mar 5, 2023. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v14.i2.4
Peer-review started: October 15, 2022
First decision: January 3, 2023
Revised: January 10, 2023
Accepted: February 21, 2023
Article in press: February 21, 2023
Published online: March 5, 2023
Slow transit constipation (STC) is a disorder with delayed colonic transit. Cinnamic acid (CA) is an organic acid in natural plants, such as Radix Scrophulariae (Xuan Shen), with low toxicity and biological activities to modulate the intestinal microbiome.
To explore the potential effects of CA on the intestinal microbiome and the primary endogenous metabolites-short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and evaluate the therapeutic effects of CA in STC.
Loperamide was applied to induce STC in mice. The treatment effects of CA on STC mice were assessed from the 24 h defecations, fecal moisture and intestinal transit rate. The enteric neurotransmitters: 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hematoxylin-eosin and Alcian blue and Periodic acid Schiff staining were used to evaluate intestinal mucosa's histopathological performance and secretory function. 16S rDNA was employed to analyze the composition and abundance of the intestinal microbiome. The SCFAs in stool samples were quantitatively detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
CA ameliorated the symptoms of STC and treated STC effectively. CA ameliorated the infiltration of neutrophils and lymphocytes, increased the number of goblet cells and acidic mucus secretion of the mucosa. In addition, CA significantly increased the concentration of 5-HT and reduced VIP. CA significantly improved the diversity and abundance of the beneficial microbiome. Further
CA could treat STC effectively by ameliorating the composition and abundance of the intestinal microbiome to regulate the production of SCFAs.
Core Tip: Studies on the gut microbiome and its metabolites are increasingly in slow transit constipation (STC). In this study, we found that Cinnamic acid (CA) improved and treated STC effectively by ameliorating intestinal mucosa's histopathological performance and secretory function in STC mice induced by loperamide, with alpha and beta diversity significantly decreased. Meanwhile, CA ameliorated the composition and abundance of the intestinal microbiome.