Systematic Reviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Mar 7, 2019; 10(2): 50-56
Published online Mar 7, 2019. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v10.i2.50
Nutritional status as a predictor of hospitalization in inflammatory bowel disease: A review
Raquel Rocha, Uli H Sousa, Thamiris L M Reis, Genoile O Santana
Raquel Rocha, Uli H Sousa, Thamiris L M Reis, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110-150, Bahia, Brazil
Genoile O Santana, Pós graduação em Medicina e Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110-060, Bahia, Brazil
Genoile O Santana, Department of Life Sciences, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, Bahia, Brazil
Author contributions: All authors equally contributed to this paper with conception and design of the study, literature review and analysis, drafting and critical revision and editing, and final approval of the final version.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No potential conflicts of interest.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Raquel Rocha, DSc, MSc, Assistant Professor, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, 32, Canela, Salvador 40110-150, Bahia, Brazil. raquelrocha2@yahoo.com.br
Telephone: +55-71-32877720 Fax: +55-71-32877720
Received: October 2, 2018
Peer-review started: October 2, 2018
First decision: November 22, 2018
Revised: December 12, 2018
Accepted: January 10, 2019
Article in press: January 10, 2019
Published online: March 7, 2019
Processing time: 157 Days and 8.9 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents an inflammatory picture that in the long run can lead to complications and consequently more hospitalizations compared to other diseases.

AIM

To evaluate the influence of nutritional status on the occurrence of IBD-related hospitalization.

METHODS

This integrative review was conducted in the online databases PubMed and MEDLINE, using the terms “obesity” and “malnutrition” accompanied by “hospitalization”, each combined with “Crohn’s disease” or “ulcerative colitis”. Only studies conducted with humans, adults, and published in English or Spanish were selected, and those that were not directly associated with nutritional status and hospitalization were excluded from this review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes guide was used as the basis for selection of studies.

RESULTS

Of the 80 studies identified, only five met the proposal of this review. None evaluated the association of good nutritional status with the risk of hospitalization. Malnutrition had a strong correlation with the risk of hospitalization related to IBD, and there was disagreement among three studies regarding the association of obesity and hospitalization rates.

CONCLUSION

Few studies have evaluated nutritional status as a predictor of IBD-related hospitalization. The presence of malnutrition appears to be associated with hospitalization in these patients, but further studies are needed to elucidate the issue.

Keywords: Nutritional status; Inflammatory bowel disease; Hospitalization; Obesity; Malnutrition

Core tip: Hospitalization in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is common. Identifying involved factors, especially controllable ones, may help the development of strategies that can decrease the number of hospitalizations. Among these potential factors is nutritional status, as it is associated with the clinical evolution of patients with IBD. However, few studies have evaluated the association between nutritional status and hospitalization, the consequent complications of the disease, and surgical procedures. Few studies have described the association of malnutrition with hospitalization in IBD, and we cannot say whether adequate nutritional status alters this risk, and the results with obesity are conflicting. Thus, further studies are needed to answer this question.