Microbiome as an endocrine organ and its relationship with eye diseases: Effective factors and new targeted approaches

Figure 1 Activation of specific autoreactive T cells by microbiota and development of uveitis. A: Gut connection with retina in uveitis; B: Mechanism of retina-specific T cell activation by gut microbiome. Uveitis is caused by the retina-specific autoreactive T cells activated by microbiota. The gut lipopolysaccharide exhibits many retina-specific autoreactive T lymphocytes in the periphery. Antigen-presenting cells present gut microbiota-derived products that to these T cells may resemble Ag. Retina-specific T cells become activated, migrate to the eye, and pass through the blood-retina barrier leading to inflammation of the retina. Citation: Horai R, Caspi RR. Microbiome and Autoimmune Uveitis. Front Immunol 2019; 10: 232. Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Frontiers Media SA[166].