Evaluation of biological therapies in autoimmune hepatitis: A case-based systematic review

doi:10.4291/wjgp.v16.i1.101481

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology

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2150-5330

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Systematic Reviews

World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. Mar 22, 2025; 16(1): 101481
Published online Mar 22, 2025. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v16.i1.101481

Evaluation of biological therapies in autoimmune hepatitis: A case-based systematic review

Haifa Eldew, Jonathan Soldera

Haifa Eldew, Consultant in Acute Internal Medicine with Specialist Interest in Hepatology, Princess Royal University Hospital, Kings College Hospital Foundation Trust, Orpington Kent BR6 8ND, United Kingdom

Jonathan Soldera, Acute Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of South Wales, Cardiff CF37 1DL, United Kingdom

Author contributions: Soldera J and Eldew H participated in the concept and design research, drafted the manuscript and contributed to data acquisition, analysis and interpretation; Soldera J contributed to study supervision; all authors contributed to critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest pertaining to the subject matter discussed in this paper.

PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Jonathan Soldera, MSc, PhD, Tutor, Post-Graduation in Acute Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of South Wales, Llantwit Road, Pontypridd, Cardiff CF37 1DL, United Kingdom. jonathansoldera@gmail.com

Received: September 15, 2024
Revised: February 17, 2025
Accepted: February 25, 2025
Published online: March 22, 2025
Processing time: 183 Days and 11.2 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: This systematic review highlights the effectiveness of biologic therapies, such as Belimumab and Rituximab, in managing refractory autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) cases. Despite standard treatments with immunomodulators and steroids, some patients remain unresponsive, necessitating alternative options. The review found that Belimumab and Rituximab significantly improved clinical outcomes and liver function in these challenging cases. Additionally, anti-tumor necrosis factor therapies were associated with AIH induction, emphasizing the need for careful monitoring and early detection. These insights advocate for the inclusion of biologics in AIH treatment protocols for patients unresponsive to conventional therapies.