Cerebral perfusion in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion by dual post-labeling delays arterial spin labeling imaging

doi:10.4329/wjr.v16.i9.429

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World Journal of Radiology

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Observational Study

World J Radiol. Sep 28, 2024; 16(9): 429-438
Published online Sep 28, 2024. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v16.i9.429

Table 1 Patient characteristics of internal carotid artery occlusion

Patient Number	Age (year)	Sex	Symptoms/Onset time	Imaging	Occlusion side	Occlusion site	Contralateral side	Collateral flow pathway
1	47	Female	Headache/1 month		R	Initial		ACoA
2	51	Male	Neuro-deficiency/5 days	Stroke	R	Ophthalmic		ACoA
3	50	Male	Neuro-deficiency/1 week	Stroke	R	Ophthalmic		ACoA + PCoA + L
4	57	Male	Neuro-deficiency/1 week	Stroke	L	Initial		ACoA + PCoA + OA
5	58	Male	TIA/4 days		R	Initial	CCA 20%	ACoA + L + OA
6	55	Male	Neuro-deficiency/2 weeks	Stroke	R	Clinoid		OA
7	82	Male	TIA/1 month		L	Initial	ICA 20%	ACoA + PCoA
8	67	Male	Neuro-deficiency/4 days	Stroke	L	Initial	ICA 20%	ACoA
9	66	Male	Neuro-deficiency/2 weeks	Stroke	R	Initial	ICA 20%	PCoA
10	61	Female	Headache/2 months		L	Ophthalmic		ACoA + PCoA + L
11	56	Male	Dizziness/1 month	Stroke	R	Initial	MCA 20%	ACoA + PCoA + OA
12	57	Male	Dizziness/3 years		L	Communicating	ICA 20%	PCoA
13	42	Male	Dizziness/3 days		L	Ophthalmic		ACoA + PCoA
14	59	Male	TIA/1 week		R	Initial	ICA 20%	ACoA + PCoA + OA + L
15	35	Male	Neuro-deficiency/2 months	Stroke	R	Terminal		New vessels + L
16	70	Male	Neuro-deficiency/2 months	Stroke	R	Ophthalmic	ICA 20%-30%	ACoA + PCoA
17	46	Female	Neuro-deficiency/5 days	Stroke	R	Ophthalmic		ACoA
18	62	Male	TIA/3 days		L	Initial	ICA 40%	OA
19	71	Male	Neuro-deficiency/10 days	Stroke	L	Initial	ICA 40%
20	58	Male	Neuro-deficiency/3 days	Stroke	L	Ophthalmic	ICA 20%	ACoA

CCA: Common carotid artery; TIA: Transient ischemic attack; ICA: Internal carotid artery; MCA: Middle cerebral artery; ICA: Internal carotid artery; MCA: Middle cerebral artery; ACA: Anterior cerebral artery; ACoA: Anterior communicating artery; PCoA: Posterior communicating artery; OA: Ophthalmic artery; L: Leptomeningeal.

Table 2 The regional cerebral blood flow value, mean ± SD/ Median (quartile)

Variables brain region	Ips-CBF at PLD 1.5	Ips-CBF at PLD 2.5	Con-CBF at PLD 1.5	Con-CBF at PLD 2.5	HC CBF at PLD 1.5	HC CBF at PLD 2.5
Anterior	27.968 ± 7.941	32.687 ± 7.409	29.728 ± 4.828	32.24 (11.3)	33.353 ± 7.966	38.226 ± 6.900
Middle	18.818 ± 6.485	29.09 (6.93)	27.504 ± 4.243	30.71 (4.05)	31.687 ± 7.907	35.710 ± 7.602
Caudate nucleus	17.57 ± 4.573	21.67 ± 5.603	22.175 ± 3.355	23.714 ± 5.898	26.442 ± 4.510	31.393 ± 5.603
Lentiform nucleus	19.812 ± 7.299	25.054 ± 5.531	28.816 ± 4.572	27.412 ± 4.750	33.222 ± 6.785	29.205 ± 6.178
Insula ribbon	24.313 ± 8.122	31.186 ± 5.886	33.001 ± 3.984	32.176 ± 3.502	38.537 ± 8.69	36.881 ± 8.136
Internal capsule	24.464 ± 3.627	24.449 ± 4.307	20.248 ± 5.343	23.861 ± 5.089	29.292 ± 4.519	24.958 ± 4.429
M1	19.764 ± 6.796	28.01 (5.47)	27.172 ± 4.373	29.05 (4.35)	31.417 ± 7.361	33.463 ± 7.962
M2	19.735 ± 9.102	28.088 ± 7.164	31.633 ± 4.568	32.035 (5.61)	37.329 ± 9.097	36.49 ± 8.590
M3	20.208 ± 7.954	29.376 ± 7.442	29.249 ± 6.268	33.245 ± 5.028	32.575 (7.83)	38.132 ± 9.422
M4	19.293 ± 6.837	29.59 (9.53)	25.399 ± 4.554	29.64 (5.81)	28.413 ± 7.149	35.048 ± 6.726
M5	16.271 ± 7.443	25.099 ± 7.604	25.688 ± 5.449	29.03 (4.48)	26.45 (4.22)	33.933 ± 6.944
M6	15.902 ± 6.986	24.869 ± 7.918	25.057 ± 5.284	30.209 ± 3.750	29.28 (5.58)	36.683 ± 7.377
Frontal lobe	19.933 ± 6.746	29.98 (7.99)	27.238 ± 4.513	30.21 (4.62)	30.712 ± 7.051	34.558 ± 7.166
Parietal lobe	19.471 ± 6.988	26.906 ± 7.273	26.378 ± 5.135	30.42 (2.81)	28.698 (4.82)	36.092 ± 6.995
Temporal lobe	19.931 ± 7.940	28.557 ± 7.084	29.646 ± 5.311	32.257 ± 4.582	33.393 ± 8.285	36.518 ± 8.837
Insular lobe	25.732 ± 6.496	32.083 ± 7.257	30.485 ± 4.243	32.29 (6.4)	34.371 ± 7.031	35.689 ± 6.415

Ips: Ipsilateral to internal carotid artery occlusion; Con: Contralateral to internal carotid artery occlusion; HC: Health control; PLD: Post-labeling delay.

Table 3 Statistical result

Variables brain region	P value	P value	P value	P value	P value	P value	P value	P value
Anterior	0.088	0.054	0.147	0.095	0.001^e	0.000^f	0.454	1.000
Middle	0.000^a	0.009^b	0.083	0.078	0.000^e	0.002^f	0.000^g	0.175
Caudate nucleus	0.000^a	0.176	0.008^c	0.715	0.001^e	0.191	0.003^g	0.323
Lentiform nucleus	0.000^a	0.073	0.050	0.393	0.000^e	0.117	0.001^g	0.206
Insula ribbon	0.000^a	0.041^b	0.068	0.073	0.001^e	0.267	0.003^g	0.567
Internal capsule	0.004^a	0.762	0.000^c	0.557	0.988	0.003^f	0.014^g	0.727
M1	0.000^a	0.063	0.068	0.137	0.000^e	0.006^f	0.001^g	0.546
M2	0.000^a	0.009^b	0.246	0.098	0.000^e	0.577	0.001^g	0.061
M3	0.001^a	0.011^b	0.286	0.088	0.000^e	0.006^f	0.001^g	0.095
M4	0.002^a	0.014^b	0.185	0.070	0.000^e	0.000^f	0.006^g	0.291
M5	0.002^a	0.004^b	0.577	0.099	0.000^e	0.000^f	0.000^g	0.090
M6	0.000^a	0.000^b	0.086	0.005^d	0.000^e	0.001^f	0.000^g	0.035^h
Frontal lobe	0.000^a	0.070	0.124	0.286	0.000^e	0.000^f	0.001^g	0.291
Parietal lobe	0.002^a	0.002^b	0.178	0.051	0.000^e	0.000^f	0.003^g	0.152
Temporal lobe	0.000^a	0.014^b	0.157	0.109	0.000^e	0.036^f	0.000^g	0.090
Insular lobe	0.002^a	0.184	0.080	0.286	0.000^e	0.042^f	0.002^g	0.985

^aP < 0.01, ipsilateral vs control at post-labeling delay 1.5 s.

^bP < 0.05, ipsilateral vs control at post-labeling delay 2.5 s.

^cP < 0.01, contralateral vs control at post-labeling delay 1.5 s.

^dP < 0.01, contralateral vs control at post-labeling delay 2.5 s.

^eP < 0.001, ipsilateral post-labeling delay 1.5 s vs post-labeling delay 2.5 s.

^fP < 0.05, contralateral post-labeling delay 1.5 s vs post-labeling delay 2.5 s.

^gP < 0.05, ipsilateral vs contralateral at post-labeling delay 1.5 s.

^hP < 0.05, ipsilateral vs contralateral at post-labeling delay 2.5 s.

Citation: Zhang GR, Zhang YY, Liang WB, Ding D. Cerebral perfusion in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion by dual post-labeling delays arterial spin labeling imaging. World J Radiol 2024; 16(9): 429-438
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8470/full/v16/i9/429.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v16.i9.429