Published online Sep 28, 2015. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v7.i9.286
Peer-review started: March 4, 2015
First decision: April 24, 2015
Revised: May 12, 2015
Accepted: July 18, 2015
Article in press: July 27, 2015
Published online: September 28, 2015
Processing time: 224 Days and 23.8 Hours
AIM: To evaluate the computed tomography (CT) features of intraperitoneal tuberculous abscess (IPTA).
METHODS: Eight patients with IPTA confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical symptoms, medical images, and surgical findings were evaluated. Involvement of the intestine, peritoneum, viscera, and lymph nodes was also assessed.
RESULTS: All 8 patients had a history of abdominal discomfort for 1 to 6 mo. Physical examination revealed a palpable abdominal mass in 6 patients. Three patients had no evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). All IPTAs (11 abscesses) were seen as a multiseptated, peripherally enhanced, hypodense mass with enlarged, rim-enhanced lymph nodes. The largest abscess diameter ranged from 4.5 cm to 12.2 cm. CT showed 2 types of IPTA: Lymph node fusion and encapsulation. Of the 8 patients, one had liver tuberculosis and one had splenic and ovarian tuberculosis. Two cases showed involvement of the terminal ileum and ileocecal junction. Ascites were found in 4 cases. Three patients had peritonitis and mesenteritis. Three patients showed involvement of the omentum. Three patients had histological evidence of caseating granuloma, and 5 had histological evidence of acid-fast bacilli.
CONCLUSION: CT is crucial in the detection and characterization of IPTA. Certain CT findings are necessary for correct diagnosis.
Core tip: Intra-peritoneal tuberculous abscess (IPTA) is a rare and serious form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. Early and accurate diagnosis of tuberculous abscess is important for treatment. This retrospective study was to evaluate the computed tomography (CT) features in 8 patients with pathologically confirmed IPTA. CT is crucial in the detection and characterization of IPTA. Although the qualitative diagnosis of IPTA requires positive pathologic findings, certain CT features (such as a multiseptated, peripherally enhanced, hypodense mass with rim-enhanced lymph nodes, peritoneum/mesentery/omentum changes) are necessary for correct diagnosis.