Original Article
Copyright ©2012 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Radiol. May 28, 2012; 4(5): 207-214
Published online May 28, 2012. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v4.i5.207
Comparison of DWI and PET/CT in evaluation of lymph node metastasis in uterine cancer
Kazuhiro Kitajima, Erena Yamasaki, Yasushi Kaji, Koji Murakami, Kazuro Sugimura
Kazuhiro Kitajima, Kazuro Sugimura, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
Erena Yamasaki, Yasushi Kaji, Department of Radiology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Mibu 321-0293, Japan
Koji Murakami, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
Author contributions: Kitajima K analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; Yamasaki E and Murakami K collected PET/CT data; Kaji Y collected MRI data; Kitajima K, Yamasaki E, Kaji Y, Murakami K and Sugimura K gave the final approval for the manuscript.
Correspondence to: Kazuhiro Kitajima, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Kobe 650-0017, Japan. kitajima@med.kobe-u.ac.jp
Telephone: +81-78-3826100 Fax: +81-78-3826129
Received: January 30, 2012
Revised: March 4, 2012
Accepted: March 11, 2012
Published online: May 28, 2012
Abstract

AIM: To investigate diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) with IV contrast for the preoperative evaluation of pelvic lymph node (LN) metastasis in uterine cancer.

METHODS: Twenty-five patients with endometrial or cervical cancer who underwent both DWI and PET/CT before pelvic lymphadenectomy were included in this study. For area specific analysis, LNs were divided into eight regions: both common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac areas, and obturator areas. The classification for malignancy on DWI was a focally abnormal signal intensity in a location that corresponded to the LN chains on the T1WI and T2WI. The criterion for malignancy on PET/CT images was increased tracer uptake by the LN.

RESULTS: A total of 36 pathologically positive LN areas were found in 9 patients. With DWI, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy for detecting metastatic LNs on an LN area-by-area analysis were 83.3%, 51.2%, 27.3%, 93.3% and 57.0%, respectively, while the corresponding values for PET/CT were 38.9%, 96.3%, 70.0%, 87.8% and 86.0%. Differences in sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were significant (P < 0.0005).

CONCLUSION: DWI showed higher sensitivity and lower specificity than PET/CT. Neither DWI nor PET/CT were sufficiently accurate to replace lymphadenectomy.

Keywords: Uterine cancer; Lymph node metastasis; Magnetic resonance imaging; Diffusion-weighed imaging; Positron emission tomography and computed tomography