Published online Sep 28, 2024. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v16.i9.473
Revised: August 28, 2024
Accepted: September 3, 2024
Published online: September 28, 2024
Processing time: 100 Days and 8.5 Hours
Secondary rectal linitis plastica (RLP) from prostatic adenocarcinoma is a rare and poorly understood form of metastatic spread, characterized by a desmoplastic response and concentric rectal wall infiltration with mucosal preservation. This complicates endoscopic diagnosis and can mimic gastrointestinal malignancies. This case series underscores the critical role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying the distinct imaging features of RLP and highlights the importance of considering this condition in the differential diagnosis of patients with a history of prostate cancer.
Three patients with secondary RLP due to prostatic adenocarcinoma presented with varied clinical features. The first patient, a 76-year-old man with advanced prostate cancer, had rectal pain and incontinence. MRI showed diffuse prostatic invasion and significant rectal wall thickening with a characteristic "target sign" pattern. The second, a 57-year-old asymptomatic man with elevated prostate-specific antigen levels and a history of prostate cancer exhibited rectoprostatic angle involvement and rectal wall thickening on MRI, with positron emission tomography/computed tomography PSMA confirming the prostatic origin of the metastatic spread. The third patient, an 80-year-old post-radical prostatectomy, presented with refractory constipation. MRI revealed a neoplastic mass infiltrating the rectal wall. In all cases, MRI consistently showed stratified thickening, concentric signal changes, restricted diffusion, and contrast enhancement, which were essential for diagnosing secondary RLP. Biopsies confirmed the prostatic origin of the neoplastic involvement in the rectum.
Recognizing MRI findings of secondary RLP is essential for accurate diagnosis and management in prostate cancer patients.
Core Tip: This study presents three cases of secondary rectal linitis plastica (RLP) due to prostate cancer, emphasizing the rarity and diagnostic challenges of this condition. The preservation of mucosa in RLP complicates endoscopic detection, making magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) crucial for early, accurate diagnosis. MRI findings, including stratified parietal thickening, restricted diffusion, and contrast enhancement, are pivotal in identifying RLP. Recognizing these patterns is essential for timely and appropriate management of metastatic rectal involvement, highlighting the need to consider RLP in patients with a history of prostate cancer.