Prospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Cardiol. Jun 26, 2015; 7(6): 344-350
Published online Jun 26, 2015. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v7.i6.344
Table 1 Baseline characteristics
CharacteristicAll study participants n = 265Participants without primary endpoint event1n = 216Participants with primary endpoint event1n = 49P value2
Age, mean ± SD, yr57.4 ± 10.757.5 ± 10.657.2 ± 11.30.848
Male sex230 (86.8%)185 (85.6%)45 (91.8%)0.350
Cardiovascular risk factors
Hypertension152 (57.4%)124 (57.4%)28 (57.1%)0.973
Dyslipidemia161 (60.8%)131 (60.6%)30 (61.2%)0.941
Diabetes mellitus60 (22.6%)49 (22.7%)11 (22.4%)0.972
Smoking3154 (58.1%)121 (56.0%)33 (67.3%)0.147
Family history of CAD81 (30.6%)65 (30.1%)16 (32.7%)0.725
Cardiac disease
CAD152 (57.4%)120 (55.6%)32 (65.3%)0.213
DCM58 (21.9%)45 (20.8%)13 (26.5%)0.384
HCMObstructiveNon-obstructive1 (0.4%)3 (1.1%)1 (0.5%)2 (0.9%)0 (0.0%)1 (2.0%)1.0000.460
Brugada syndrome2 (0.8%)2 (0.9%)0 (0.0%)1.000
Long QT3 (1.1%)3 (1.4%)0 (0.0%)1.000
Other cardiac disease30 (11.3%)26 (12.0%)4 (8.2%)0.618
Echocardiography
LVEF, mean ± SD41.1% ± 15.9%42.8% ± 16.2%33.6% ± 11.7%< 0.001
LVEF < 35%106 (40.0%)79 (36.6%)27 (55.1%)0.017
EPS
Induction of sustained VT125 (47.2%)91 (42.1%)34 (69.4%)0.001
Induction of non-sustained VT60 (22.6%)53 (24.5%)7 (14.3%)0.122
No VT induction80 (30.2%)72 (33.3%)8 (16.3%)0.019
Table 2 Diagnostic accuracy of the electrophysiological study and the left ventricular ejection fraction for the primary and secondary endpoint
Predictor variableSensitivitySpecificityPPVNPVAUROC (95%CI)
Primary endpoint
Sustained VT during EPS
All study participants (n = 265)69.4%57.9%27.2%89.3%0.636 (0.563-0.709)
Subgroup of study participants with LVEF < 35% (n = 106)66.7%48.1%30.5%80.9%0.574 (0.468-0.680)
Subgroup of study participants with LVEF ≥ 35% (n = 159)72.7%63.5%24.2%93.5%0.681 (0.578-0.785)
LVEF < 35%55.1%63.4%25.5%86.1%0.593 (0.515-0.670)
Secondary endpoint
Sustained VT during EPS
All study participants (n = 265)66.7%55.6%17.6%92.1%0.611 (0.524-0.699)
Subgroup of study participants with LVEF < 35% (n = 106)61.1%45.5%18.6%85.1%0.533 (0.406-0.660)
Subgroup of study participants with LVEF ≥ 35% (n = 159)73.3%61.8%16.7%95.7%0.676 (0.553-0.798)
LVEF < 35%54.5%62.1%17.0%90.6%0.583 (0.491-0.675)