Outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and new onset heart blocks: Insight from the National Inpatient Sample database
Sami J Shoura, Taha Teaima, Muhammad Khawar Sana, Ayesha Abbasi, Ramtej Atluri, Mahir Yilmaz, Hasan Hammo, Laith Ali, Chanavuth Kanitsoraphan, Dae Yong Park, Tareq Alyousef
Sami J Shoura, Taha Teaima, Muhammad Khawar Sana, Ayesha Abbasi, Ramtej Atluri, Mahir Yilmaz, Hasan Hammo, Dae Yong Park, Department of Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
Laith Ali, Chanavuth Kanitsoraphan, Tareq Alyousef, Department of Cardiology, John H. Stroger Jr Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
Author contributions: Shoura SJ and Alyousef T contributed to resources and conceptualization; Shoura SJ, Abbasi A, Ali L, Kanitsoraphan C, and Alyousef T contributed to supervision and project administration; Shoura SJ. Atluri R, and Alyousef T contributed to data selection; Shoura SJ, Teaima T, Sana MK, Abbasi A, and Alyousef T contributed to investigation; Shoura SJ, Teaima T, Sana MK, Atluri R, Yilmaz M, Hammo H, Ali L, Kanitsoraphan C, and Alyousef T contributed to validation; Shoura SJ, Abbasi A, Yilmaz M, Hammo H, and Alyousef T contributed to visualization; Shoura SJ, Teaima T, Sana MK, Abbasi A, Yilmaz M, Hammo H, and Alyousef T contributed to writing the original draft; Shoura SJ, Teaima T, and Sana MK contributed to table and figure creation; Shoura SJ, Teaima T, Sana MK, Abbasi A, Atluri R, Yilmaz M, Hammo H, Park DY, Ali L, Kanitsoraphan C, and Alyousef T contributed to manuscript review and editing; Shoura SJ, Teaima T, and Sana MK contributed to literature review; Shoura SJ and Alyousef T contributed to methodology; Atluri R contributed to software and formal analysis; Yilmaz M and Hammo H contributed to writing the second draft and final manuscript polishing; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This is a retrospective observational study that used the 2020 National Inpatient Sample database and is exempt from institutional review board approval.
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment through HCUP. For more information, please visit
https://hcup-us.ahrq.gov/nisoverview.jsp.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No funding has been issued by any organization and we have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Corresponding author: Tareq Alyousef, MD, Director, Department of Cardiology, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, 1901 W. Harrison St. Suite 3642, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
talyousef@cookcountyhhs.org
Received: April 27, 2023
Peer-review started: April 27, 2023
First decision: June 1, 2023
Revised: June 16, 2023
Accepted: July 17, 2023
Article in press: July 17, 2023
Published online: September 26, 2023
Processing time: 146 Days and 18.9 Hours
